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Water Evaporation

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The amount of evaporated water from a water surface - like a swimming pool or an open
tank - depends on the temperature in the water - and the temperature, humidity and
velocity of the air above the surface - online calculator

Pipeline Strainers

The evaporation of water from a water surface, an open tank, a swimming pool or similar - depends the
temperature in the water and the temperature, the actual humidity and the velocity of the air above the surface.

The amount of evaporated water can be expressed as:

gs = A (xs - x) / 3600
or

where

gs = amount of evaporated water per second (kg/s)

= (25 + 19 v) = evaporation coefficient (kg/m2h)

0.0

v = velocity of air above the water surface (m/s)

C
o
F
o

A = water surface area (m2)

Convert!

xs = humidity ratio in saturated air at the same temperature as the water surface (kg/kg) (kg H2O in kg
Dry Air)

Length
1.0

x = humidity ratio in the air (kg/kg) (kg H2O in kg Dry Air)

Note! The units for don't match since the this is an empirical equation - a result of experiments.

Required Heat Supply

Most of the heat required for the evaporation is taken from the water itself. To maintain the water temperature heat
must be supplied.
The required heat supplied to cover the evaporation can be calculated as:
q = hwe gs

Volume

where

1.0

1.0

kgf
N
lbf

Convert!

Velocity
1.0

m/s
km/h
ft/min
ft/s
mph
knots

Convert!

Pressure

(2)

q = heat supplied (kJ/s, kW)

Weight

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gh = amount of evaporated water per hour (kg/h)

Temperature

Convert!

(1)

gh = A (xs - x)

Unit Converter

m
liters
in3
ft3
us gal

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Surface Water
Cooling of Water
Swimming Water

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Evaporation from Water Surfaces

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Water Calculator

hwe = evaporation heat of water (2257 kJ/kg)

Example - Evaporated Water from a Swimming Pool

For a swimming pool with water temperature 25oC the saturation humidity ratio is 0.02 kg/kg. With an air
temperature of 25oC and 50% relative humidity - the humidity ratio in the air is 0.0098kg/kg - Mollier diagram.

For a 25 m x 20 m swimming pool and 0.5 m/s air velocity above the surface, the evaporation can be calculated
as:
gs = ( 25 + 19 (0.5 m/s)) ((25 m) (20 m)) ((0.02 kg/kg) - (0.0098kg/kg)) / 3600
= 0.049 kg/s

The evaporation heat supply required to maintain the temperature of the water can be calculated as:
q = (2257 kJ/kg) (0.049 kg/s)
= 110.6 kW

The heat supply can be reduced by

reducing the air velocity above the water surface - limited effect
reducing the size of the pool - not really practical
reducing the water temperature - not a comfort solution
reducing the air temperature - not a comfort solution

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1.0

Pa (N/m2)
bar
mm H2O
kg/cm2
psi
inches H2O

Convert!

Flow
1.0

increase the moisture content in the air - may increase the condensation and damage of building
constructions
remove the wet surface - possible with plastic blankets on the water surface outside operation time. Very
effective and commonly used

Note! During operation time the activity in a swimming pool may increase the evaporation of water and the
required heat supply dramatically.

To reduce the energy consumption and to avoid moisture damages in building constructions it is common to use
heat recycling devices with heat pumps that moves latent heat from the air to the water in the swimming pool.

Surface Evaporation Calculator

m /s
m3/h
US gpm
cfm
3

A - surface area (m2)

0.02

xs - humidity ratio in saturated air (kg/kg) (kg H2O in kg Dry Air)

0.0098

Convert!

Scientific Online
Calculator

500

0.5

x - humidity ratio in the air (kg/kg) (kg H2O in kg Dry Air)

v - velocity of air above the surface (m/s)

Calculate!
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Related Topics

Air Psychrometrics - The study of moist and humid air - psychrometric charts, Mollier diagrams, aircondition temperatures and absolute and relative humidity and moisture content

Related Documents

Sizing Swimming Pool Heaters - Calculate outdoor swimming pool heaters

Required Air to Remove Moisture - Air flow required to remove vapor production in a room

Humidity Ratio of Air - The ratio between actual mass of water vapor present in moist air - to the mass
of dry air

Heat Loss from Open Water Tanks - Due to evaporation heat loss from open water tank as a swimming
pools may be considerable
Drying Force of Air - Drying Force of air may be expressed as moisture holding capacity of air and
evaporation capacity from water surface to air
Water - Thermal Properties - Thermal properties of water - density, freezing temperature, boiling
temperature, latent heat of melting, latent heat of evaporation, critical temperature and more

Mollier Diagram - The Mollier diagram is a graphic representation of the relationship between air
temperature, moisture content and enthalpy - and is a basic design tool for building engineers and
designers

Tag Search

en: evaporation water surface swimming pool

es: evaporacin superficial del agua de piscinas
de: Verdunstungswasseroberflche Pool

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