POPULATION STUDIES

The World Population

Refers to the total number of people living in the
world at anyone time
Population will grow when the nuber of births exceed
the number of deaths
Rapid incease in the world population can be referred
as an exponential growth.
o Exponential growth of population means the
total population is increasing at a faster and
faster rate.
Population Growth
Demographic Concepts
o Most fundamental feature of a country
population is the different between its birth rate
and death rate.
Difference between birth rate and death rate
over time is called natural change
o Birth Rate number of births per thousand
people per year
o Death Rate number of deaths per thousand
people per year
o When the births > deaths, it is called a natuaral
increase
o When the births < deaths, it is called a natural
decrease
o No change at all zero population growth
when brith rate is equal to the death rate
o Infant Mortality Rate numer of babies who die
under one year old
o Life expectancy average number of years a
person born in any country is expected to live
o Migration movement of people from one place
to another
o Immigration movement of people into a
country/area
o Emigration movement of people out of a
country/area

o Net Migration the difference between

immigration and emigration on an areas people
population
Demographic Population Graph
o Widespread improvement in and the availability
of education, medicine, heathcare, food supplies
and technology have meant that there were
virtually no countries in the world that have a
high birth reate and a high death rate.
o Impact of internal wars, civil and ethnic
conflicts, natural disasters lead to birth rate
and death rate
Developing Countries
Low standards of living and high rates of population
growth - SOL Pop Growth
Standard of Living refers to the conditions in which
people live
Low standard of living basic needs (eg. water, food,
shelter, education and healthcare) are not
adequately met
Developed Countries
High standard of living and low rates of population
growth - SOL Pop Growth
Reasons for Change in Birth and Death Rates
Reasons for High Birth Rates
Lack of information about birth control (low literacy)
Ignorance or lack of education for family planning
(low literacy)
Influence of customs, traditions or religious beliefs:
o Eg. having more children to help work on the
farm or in the fileds
o Having more children to look after paretns in old
age
o Having a male heir to carry on the family name

Reasons for High Death Rates

Lack of proper healthcare, medical supplies and medical
services
Famine and disease resulting in infant mortality rates
Poor, unreliable or infected water supplies
Ignorance or lack of education
Natural disasters such as droughts, floods and
earthquarkes
Warfares, religions and cultural conflicts