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Lời cảm ơn
Lời cảm ơn
Lời cảm ơn
Li cm n
Li u tin, em xin trn trng gi li cm n ti cc thy c gio B mn Cng ngh
tng hp hu c ha du trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni to iu kin thun li
v gip cho em hon thnh bn n ny.
c bit em xin gi li cm n ti PGS.TS Nguyn Khnh Diu Hng, ngi tn
tnh gip v trc tip hng dn em. Qua vic thc hin n, gip em hiu r hn v
qu trnh isome ha cng nh cc qu trnh khc trong nh my lc-ha du. Tuy nhin,
do thi gian v kin thc c hn, nn bn n khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st.
Em rt mong c c gio ch bo, gip em hon thin bn n v kin thc ca
mnh c th phc v cho qu trnh lm n tt nghip quan trng pha trc.
Em xin chn thnh cm n.
Page 1
n mn hc k s
Mc Lc
Li cm n........................................................................................................................ 1
Mc Lc............................................................................................................................ 2
Li m u........................................................................................................................ 4
Chng 1. Tng quan v qu trnh isome ho...............................................................5
1.1. C s ho hc ca qu trnh isome ho...............................................................5
1.2. C ch ca phn ng isome ho............................................................................6
1.3. Xc tc ca qu trnh ...........................................................................................9
1.3.1. Xc tc pha lng..............................................................................................9
1.3.2. Xc tc axit rn................................................................................................9
1.3.3. Xc tc lng chc..........................................................................................9
1.4. c im ca nguyn liu naphta nh................................................................10
1.5. Sn phm qu trnh isome ha............................................................................11
Chng 2. Cc cng ngh isome ho cng nghip......................................................13
2.1. Cc qu trnh pha lng vi xc tc AlCl3...........................................................13
2.1.1. Qu trnh isomate (Standart Oil Co.Indiana) ............................................14
2.1.2. Qu trnh ca hng Shell Development Co..................................................14
2.1.3. Qu trnh ca hng Esso Rearch & Engineering Co..................................15
2.2. Cc qu trnh xc tc pha hi.............................................................................16
2.2.1. Qu trnh Butamer ca UOP........................................................................17
2.2.2. Qu trnh isome ho ca hng BP (British Petroleum) ..............................18
2.2.3. Qu trnh isome ho ca hng Shell ............................................................19
2.2.4. Qu trnh isome ho ca hng IFP...............................................................21
2.2.5. Cng ngh TIP ca UOP (Total isomerization process)..............................22
2.2.5. Cng ngh Penex ca UOP...........................................................................25
2.3. La chn s cng ngh v thuyt minh.........................................................26
Chng 3. Tnh ton cng ngh v thit b chnh.......................................................30
3.1. Cc s liu cn thit cho trc...........................................................................30
SVTH: Phm Hu Cng
Page 2
n mn hc k s
Page 3
n mn hc k s
Li m u
Hin nay du m tr thnh ngun nng lng quan trng nht ca mi quc gia
trn th gii. Hiu qu s dng ca du m ph thuc vo cht lng ca cc qu
trnh ch bin, trong cc qu trnh xc tc gi vai tr quan trng. Vic a du m
qua cc qu trnh ch bin s nng cao c hiu qu s dng v tit kim c
ngun ti nguyn qu him ny.
Xng l hn hp cc hydrocacbon t C5 n C10 c nhit si t 35C n
180C, d bay hi v c tnh t chy km. c dng lm nhin liu cho ng c t
trong l ch yu, ngoi ra cn dng lm dung mi cho cng nghip trch ly du v pha
ch m phm. Trong cng nghip sn xut xng, nhn chung cc quc gia u c xu
hng ci thin v nng cao cht lng xng nhm p ng yu cu k thut ca
ng c v bo v mi tng trong sch. V vy vic nng cao cht lng xng
trong quan trng nht l nng cao tr s octan, gim hm lng benzen, hm lng
cc hp cht cha oxy, hm lng olefin ang l vn t ln hng u.
Cng nghip ch bin du dng hai qu trnh ch o nhn xng c tr s octan cao
l qu trnh reforming xc tc v qu trnh cracking xc tc. Tuy nhin, do nhu cu v
xng cht lng cao ngy cng tng trong khi phn C5 v C6 ca cng nghip ch bin
du ngy cng c s lng ln m li khng th t c tr s octan cao khi p dng cc
qu trnh trn. Trc y phn on ny ch c dng pha trn vo xng vi mc
ch t p sut ca xng v thnh phn ct, cn tr s octan ca phn ny khng
cao v a s cc cu t ny ch yu l cc parafin mch thng. V th cn thit phi c
dy chuyn ch bin v s dng iso-parafin C5 C6, cc cu t ny c tr s octan
cao. nhn c iso-parafin C5 C6 ngi ta dng qu trnh isome ha. u im ca
qu trnh ny: Bin i hydrocacbon mch thng thnh cu t c cu trc nhnh l cu t
c tr s octan cao. Nh th nng cao ng k hiu sut v cht lng ca xng.
Qu trnh isome ha n-parafin c dng nng cao tr s octan ca phn on C5
v C6 ca xng si n 70 0C, ng thi cho php nhn cc iso-parafin ring bit nh isopentan v iso-butan t nguyn liu l n-pentan v butan tng ng, nhm p ng ngun
nguyn liu cho qu trnh tng hp isopren v isobutan l ngun nguyn liu tt cho qu
trnh alkyl ha hoc nhn isobuten cho qu trnh tng hp MTBE.
Chnh v tm quan trng ny m qu trnh c nhiu hng ln trn th gii nh
Shell, UOP, nghin cu v pht trin. Vi ti ny s gip e tm hiu k hn v vai
tr cng nh s pht trin ca qu trnh isome ho.
Page 4
n mn hc k s
H298 Kcal/ml
- 1,92
- 4.67
- 1,70
- 1,06
- 4,39
- 2,53
Page 5
n mn hc k s
Page 6
n mn hc k s
Cch 1:
Cch 2:
CH3 CH2 CH2
A(H+) H2
CH3 C+H
CH3
CH2 CH3
A(H+)
CH3 CH
M - H2
Trun g tm
axitA(H+)
CH3 CH
CH
CH3
-H2
CH
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH
CH2
CH
H
+
C + H2
CH3 CH
CH2
CH3
C ch
xyclopropan
M, + H2
CH
CH3
C+ CH3
- H+
CH3
CH3
A(H+)
CH 3
-H2
CH2
CH 3
C ch xyclopropan mi gii thch c s to thnh iso-parafin v iso-olefin.
Theo c ch trn, xyclopropan khi m vng to thnh C + bc 1, tuy nhin tc
to thnh rt nh sau chuyn sang C+ bc 3 vi tc rt ln:
CH2
H+
CH3
CH
CH3
CH2
CH
CH2+
CH3
CH3
C+ CH3
CH3
CH
+ H2
CH3
CH3
CH3 + H+
C
+
C
C
Page 7
n mn hc k s
C
Trong hai c ch trn, c ch lng phn t d xy ra hn. Tuy nhin sn phm
trung gian ca c ch ny (dime) c kch thc ln hn, nn nu cht xc tc c l kch
thc nh hn kch thc ca dime th phn ng ny khng xy ra. Do vy, mun tng
chn lc, phi chn xc tc c chn lc ph hp. Xc tc thng dng trong cng
nghip l zeolit feriorit (d=5Ao, axit tng ng vi ZMS-5).
Isobutan l cu t rt quan trng v t , bng cch dehydro ha thu isobuten, l nguyn
liu sn xut MTBE. S phn ng nh sau:
n- butan
iso- butan
iso- buten
MTBE
Phn ng c th xy ra trn xc tc axit rn, in hnh l zeolit.
Isome ha n- hexan thnh isohexan:
C ch phn ng ny xy ra qua hai giai on nh sau:
+ Giai on 1: To olefin, xc tin cho qu trnh ny l cc tm kim loi trong xc
tc Pt.
C
-H2
C
C
C
C
C
C
+H2
A
C
C
C+ C
C C
C+
M, H2
C
C
C
C
C+
C C C
C C C C C
-H
C
C
Tm li, xc tc cho isome ha tng t nh nh xc tc cho reforming, xc tc hai
chc nng,v isome ha thng xy qua hai giai on:
Giai on 1: Tch hydro ( lc ny vai tr xc tc l tm kim loi M)
Giai on 2: ng phn ha ( vai tr xc tc l cc tm axit A).
C
Page 8
n mn hc k s
Page 9
n mn hc k s
Nhit phn ng
khi s dng
FiedelCrafts AlCl3.AlBr3
80-100C
Pha lng gy n mn
Oxit Al2O3,Cr2O3,BeO
200-450C
Pt/Al2O3
350-500C
Pt/Al2O3 clo ho
80-150C
Pt/zeolite
250-300C
Pt/zeolite-X
300-330C
Pt/zeolite-Y
300-330C
Pt/ZSM5
300-330C
Xc tc
Pha hi
Page 10
n mn hc k s
Kuwait
C5: n-pentan
2-metylbutan
2,2-dimetylpropan
Xyclopentan
C6: n-hexan
2-metylpentan
3-metylpentan
2,2-dimetyl butan
2,3-dimetyl butan
Metylxyclopentan
Xyclohexan
Benzen
RON ca C5
RON ca C6
58.5
41.5
0.1
43.2
22.4
16.9
2.0
4.2
5.1
4.2
2.0
74.4
55.9
Mid
continent
3.0
36.2
0.8
41.6
26.3
14.3
0.5
0.5
14.0
2.2
0.6
72.9
57.7
Xng
ct
42.2
56.2
1.2
27.7
32.5
12.5
0.75
0.75
17.0
4.5
79.2
76.4
Arabia
Wyoming
64.3
33.3
2.4
46.6
40.5
59.8
36.4
3.8
37.8
38.2
3.9
3.8
7.3
2.0
72.1
55.1
18.8
1.4
73
61.1
Page 11
n mn hc k s
Arbian
Nguyn liu
16.3
11.6
19.0
1.9
2.1
15.3
9.4
2.3
6.4
10.8
4.8
29.1
11.3
30.4
0.0
0.7
11.3
6.6
0.7
1.5
5.4
1.0
4.8
23.1
4.4
20.7
5.0
11.4
6.2
1.8
15.5
2.2
4.8
98
>99
Sn phm
7.1
33.3
4.1
25.2
4.6
12.0
5.1
0.1
6.6
0.9
1.0
98.5
99
T s liu trong bng thy rng trong qu trnh bin i isome ho i t nguyn liu
l n-C5,n-C6 th sn phm chnh thu c l iso-pentan v 2,2 dimetylbutan. Sn phm
thu c t qu trnh isome ho c cht lng cao, chnh v u im ny nn c nhiu
hng tham gia nghin cu v thit k dy chuyn isome ho x l phn on C 5, C6 c
tr s octan thp thnh phn on cao octan cho xng, p ng nhu cu s dng xng
cht lng cao nh hin nay.
Page 12
n mn hc k s
Trong cng nghip hin nay, c rt nhiu cng ngh isome ha sn xut xng c tr
s octan cao. Nhng nhn chung da vo xc tc c th phn ra thnh hai nhm l qu
trnh isome ha s dng xc tc rn xy ra trong pha hi v isome ha s dng xc tc
pha lng. Qu trnh pha lng tin hnh vi xc tc c axit mnh nh xc tc Friden
Craf. Nhit qu trnh thng nm trong khong 90 150 0C. Cn qu trnh izome ha
xy ra trong pha hi thng s dng xc tc lng chc v nhit cao.
2.1. Cc qu trnh pha lng vi xc tc AlCl3
Cc qu trnh izome ho ny c t rt lu i v loi ph bin izome ho n-butan
thnh izo-butan. S nguyn l ca loi ny c trnh by hnh di.
Page 13
n mn hc k s
80 - 100
p sut reactor, at
21
4,3
1,3
Page 14
n mn hc k s
T l xc tc/RH (V)
15 (~ V/H/V = 2,5)
Arbian
n-pentan
16.3
4.8
29.1
7.1
Iso-hexan
11.6
23.1
11.3
33.3
n-hexan
19.0
4.4
30.4
4.1
2.2- dimetylbutan
1.9
20.7
0.0
25.2
2.3-dimetylbutan
2.1
5.0
0.7
4.6
2- metyl pentan
15.3
11.4
11.3
12.0
3- metyl pentan
9.4
6.2
8.6
5.1
Xyclopentan
2.3
1.8
0.7
0.1
Xyclohexan
6.4
15.5
1.5
6.6
Metyl xyclopenyan
10.8
2.2
5.4
0.9
Cu t
%V
Page 15
n mn hc k s
Benzen
4.8
4.8
Tr s octan
1.0
1.0
98
98.5
> 99
99
Tun hon H2
Iso-parafin
Reactor
Nguyn liu
l gia nhit
B phn
tch
Page 16
n mn hc k s
2. Ct n nh;
4. L t nng;
6. Thit b tch;
II. H2
IV. Sn phm
:
:
150-200oC
3,8Mpa
Page 17
n mn hc k s
- Vn tc np liu
- Xc tc
- Thi gian lm vic ca xc tc
1-3h-1
Pt/Al2O3
>12 thng
Page 18
n mn hc k s
2. L phn ng
4. Ct n nh
6. Ngng t
Page 19
n mn hc k s
Page 20
n mn hc k s
1
4
Page 21
n mn hc k s
Zeolit
Al-Cl
80
83
82
84
86
88
88
90
92
92
Page 22
n mn hc k s
Page 23
n mn hc k s
Nhc im:
Nhit phn ng tng i cao cn to cc, to cn nn lm gim hot tnh xc
tc.
Bng 2.4. Cc c trng chung ca qu trnh TIP ca UOP v IFP
Hng thit k
UOP
C tun hon n-parafin
IFP
C tun hon n-parafin
c im
Hp ph v kh hp ph
pha hi
Dng H2 nng kh hp
ph
Nhit phn ng
p sut
Tc np liu th tch
230 2900C
14 42 kg/cm2
14 22 h-1
T l H2/nguyn liu
Nguyn liu v sn
phm
1-4
Tr s octan ca nguyn
liu RON
68
Tr s octan ca sn
phm RON/MON
89/97
98% kl
Page 24
Hp ph v kh hp ph
pha hi
Dng isopentan
n mn hc k s
370-480oC
- p sut
20-70atm
- Xc tc
n mn hc k s
- Tc np liu
2h-1
Page 26
n mn hc k s
Hnh 2.10. Chn la tun hon MeC5 v nC6 thng qua UOP molex
Page 27
n mn hc k s
Page 28
n mn hc k s
Page 29
n mn hc k s
i- C5
(1)
n-C6
i- C6
(2)
CnH2n+2
(3)
CnH2n
(4)
n/15(C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 + C5)
(5)
n/15(C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 + C5)
(6)
Trong :
k1-6: Hng s tc ca phn ng thun 1- 6.
KP1-6: Hng s cn bng ca cc phn ng 1- 6.
Ta c th m t s gim hm lng ca cc hydrocacbon trong hn hp bng h
phng trnh vi phn sau:
Page 30
n mn hc k s
dN p
k
k1.PnC 1 .PiC
5 K P1
dVR
5
k
dN P
k 2 .PnC 2 .PiC
dVR
6
K P2
6
(8)
k
dN N
k3 PN .PH 3 .PP
2
dVR
K P3
(9)
dN A
k
k 4 PA .PH32 4 .PN
dVR
KP4
(7)
(10)
dN N
P
k5 N
dVR
P
(11)
dN P
P
k6 P
dVR
P
(12)
Page 31
n mn hc k s
K P 3 98,1 .10 .e
4450
7 ,12
T
( Pa 1 )
(13)
K P 4 9,81 .10 .e
3
12
46,15
25600
T
( Pa 3 )
(14)
th
Page 32
n mn hc k s
Page 33
n mn hc k s
ST
T
1
Cu t
Iso-Pentane
11,46
N-Pentane
20,16
2,2-Dimethylbutane
0,74
2,3-Dimethylbutane
1,62
2-Methylpentane
11,72
3-Methylpentane
6,34
n-hexan
29,64
Methylcyclopentane
6,21
Page 34
n mn hc k s
Cyclohexane
5,81
10
Benzene
6,30
Tng
100
Cng thc ha hc
Parafin
CnH2n+1
MP = 14n + 2
Naphten
CnH2n
MN = 14n
Aromat
CnH2n-6
MA = 14n - 6
Cu t
Mi
CnH2n+2
80,72
0,8146
0,8168
CnH2n
84
0,1247
0,1202
CnH2n-6
78
0,0607
0,0630
1,0000
1,0000
% khi lng, ai
Page 35
phn mol, xi
n mn hc k s
G = 24 n
Vi L l nng sut tnh trn 1 nm,
n l s ngy thit b hot ng trong 1 nm, chn s ngy ngh bo dng, thay
mi xc tc trong 1 nm l 15 ngy. Vy s ngy hot ng trong 1 nm l 350 ngy.
T G =
256000000
24 350
ng vi nc=
Gc
Mc
= 30476,20 (kg/h)
30476,2
= 80,48
= 378,68 (kmol/h).
xi
CnH2n+2
0,8168
309,31
CnH2n
0,1202
45,52
CnH2n-6
0,0630
23,85
Tng
1,0000
378,68
Cu t
H2
93,3
Methane
2,5
Ethane
2,4
Propane
1,4
i Butane
0,1
Page 36
n mn hc k s
n Butane
0,1
i Pentane
0,04
n Pentane
0,02
C6+
0,04
Vxt
GC
C .VO
Trong :
Vo: Tc th tch, chn Vo = 1,8 h-1.
c : Khi lng ring ca nguyn liu, kg/m3.
c = 0, 674.1000 = 674 kg/m3.
Vy th tch xc tc l :
Vxt=
30476.20
674 1,8
= 25,1 (m3).
Khi lng xc tc
mxt = Vxt. xt (kg).
Trong :
xt : Khi lng ring ca xc tc, ta c xt = 885, kg/m3 [4].
Vy : mxt = 25,1 885 = 2213.5 (kg).
Vxt (m3)
Page 37
mxt(kg)
n mn hc k s
6,275
5553,38
18,825
16660,12
CnH2n+2
309,31
0,1634
326800
CnH2n
45,52
0,0240
48000
CnH2n- 6
23,85
0,0126
25200
1514,72
0,8000
1600000
1,0000
20.105
H2
1893,40
yi = ni/ni
Pi = 20.105. yi ,(Pa)
Cu t
Page 38
n mn hc k s
K P 4 9,81 .10 .e
3
12
46,15
25600
T
( Pa 3 )
= 9,813. 1012.e46,15-
- Theo (14) ta c:
25600
643
Page 39
n mn hc k s
dN A
k
k 4 PA .PH32 4 .PN
dVR
KP4
1,25.107
5.33 . 1017
(kmol/h).
K P 3 98,1 .10 .e
= 98,1-1. 10-3.e
4450
7 ,12
T
4450
643
( Pa 1 )
-7,12
= 8,35 . 10-6.
iu chng t phn ng thun chuyn t naphten sang parafin chim u th hn.
SVTH: Phm Hu Cng
Page 40
n mn hc k s
0.975.10-15
= 0,975. 10-15. 48000.1600000 -
. 326800
8,35.10 -6
=3,67. 10-5.
2215,5
1893,4
= 1,17 (kg/kmol.h).
Mp =
189,58.86+ 119,74.72
189,58+119,74
= 80,58 (kg/kmol)
ni (kmol/h)
yi
Mi
Page 41
Gi=Mi.ni (kg/h)
n mn hc k s
u vo
P
309,31
0,1634
80,58
24924,20
45,52
0,0240
84
3823,68
23,85
0,0126
78
1860,3
H2
1514,72
0,8000
3029,44
1893,40
1,0000
33637,62
u ra
P5
119,74
0,0632
72
8614,08
P6
189,58
0,1043
86
16303,88
69,35
0,0387
84
5825,4
H2
1442,95
0,7938
2885,9
1817,85
1,0000
33629,60
8,02
=
33637,62
.100% =0,02 %.
Page 42
n mn hc k s
: Nhit cu t i (0C).
Cu t
n-C5
Benzen
CycloC6
n-C6
H2
a0
a1.10
3,140
-5,040
-7,701
7,313
6,59
100,532
95,63
124,675
104,906
-0,2
a-2.10
-
-5
a2.10
-35,500
-40,600
-41,584
-32,397
0,48
Cp 250C
Cp 3700C
Cp 4000C
J/mol.
123,69
81,9990
105,75
147,67
26,29
J/mol.
221,98
164,70
231,04
255,67
26,64
J/mol.
228,73
171,09
239,81
264,35
26,69
Page 43
n mn hc k s
Cp 250C
Cp 3700C
Cp 4000C
J/mol.
119,41
J/mol.
226,22
J/mol.
235,51
2,2-Dimetylbutan
142,63
272,27
283,54
2,3-Dimetylbutan
141,25
268,98
280,09
Metylpentan
143,00
267,20
278,00
Metylcyclopentan
110,71
240,83
252,15
Cu t
Iso-pentan
Bng 3.11. Nhit dung ring ca hn hp nguyn liu u vo v hydro tun hon
25C v 370C
Ci.nci 250C
Ci.nci 3700C
kj/h.
kj/h.
Cu t
nci,(kmol/h)
P
Iso pentan
43,40
5182,39
9817,95
n- pentan
76,34
9442,49
16945,95
2,2-dimetylbutan
2,80
399,36
762,36
2,3-dimetylbutan
6,13
865,86
1648,85
Metylpentan
68,39
9779,77
18273,81
n- hexan
112,24
16574,48
28696,40
N
SVTH: Phm Hu Cng
Page 44
n mn hc k s
Metylxyclopentan
23,52
2574,01
5664,32
Xyclohexan
22,00
2326,5
5082,88
Benzen
23,87
1957,32
3931,39
H2
1514,72
43964,75
40352,14
93066,93
131176,05
Tnh Q1:
Lng nhit mang vo ca nguyn liu v kh tun hon 25oC:
Q1= Qnl + QH
Trong :
Qnl = ni.Ci.t1 = nc.Cc.t1
QH =
nH.CH.t1
Q1 =93066,93. 25 = 2326673,25(kj/h)
Tnh Q2:
Lng nhit cn thit nng nhit ca nguyn liu t 25o n 370oC:
Q2 = Qt2 - Qt1
T bng thng k, ta c:
Q2= 131176,05. 370 93066,93. 25 = 46208465,25 (kj/h)
Tnh Q4:
Bng 3.12. Gi tr hiu ng nhit ca tng phn ng
Phn ng
1
SVTH: Phm Hu Cng
Q, kcal/mol
2
Page 45
n mn hc k s
2
27
50
20
11
Lng nhit sinh ra do qu trnh phn ng. thit b phn ng 1 xy ra cc phn ng (3)
v phn ng (4).
Vy:
Q4 =
n3 .
Q3 +
n4 .
Q4
Ta c:
(kj/mol)
n3 = 0.0162
(kmol/h)
n4 = 23,85
(kmol/h)
mang ra:
Q5 = 0,05 . Q3
Vy tng lng nhit ca u ra l = Q3 + 0,05 . Q3 = 1,05 .Q3
Q3 = 50979785,20
(kj/h)
Page 46
n mn hc k s
Q5 = 2548989,26
(kj/h).
Dng
Q1
2326673,25
Q2
46208465,25
Q4
4993635,96
53528774,46
Dng ra
Q3
46812813,49
Q5
2548989,26
53528774,46
ni (kmol/h)
yi
Mi
Gi=Mi.ni (kg/h)
P5
119,74
0,0632
72
8614,08
P6
189,58
0,1043
86
16303,88
69,35
0,0387
84
5825,40
H2
1442,95
0,7938
2885,90
Page 47
n mn hc k s
1,0000
33629,26
Gi=Mi.ni
ni (kmol/h)
yi
Mi
Pi=19,7.105.yi (Pa)
69,35
0,0387
84
76239
5825,40
309,32
0,1675
80,58
329975
24917,96
H2
1442,95
0,7938
1563,786
2885,90
1817,85
1,0000
19,7.105
33629,26
dN N
P
k5 N
dVR
P
Mt khc, VR = mxt
= 0,002647.
2213.5
1817,85
76239
19,7.10 5
= 1,024.10-4
= 1,218 (kg/kmol.h)
Page 48
(kg/h)
n mn hc k s
6
3
dN P
P
k6 P
dVR
P
=0,002647. 0,1675 = 4,43. 10-4
Page 49
n mn hc k s
H2(6) = nP(6)
n 3
3
= 0,2045.
5,613
3
= 0,1780 (kmol/h)
ni (kmol/h)
yi
Mi
69,35
0,1831
84
n-C5
76,34
0,2016
72
i- C5
43,40
0,1146
72
i-C6
77,33
0,2042
86
n- C6
112,26
0,2965
86
378,68
1,0000
= 21,55 (kmol/h)
54,79
76,34
.100% = 77,77 %
Page 50
n mn hc k s
= 37,92 (kmol/h)
.100% = 66,22 %
C5
6
15 . nN(5) +
5,61
15
. nP(6) =
6
15
. 0,05 +
5,61
15
. 0,205= 0,097
(kmol/h).
Bng 3.17. Cn bng vt cht ca thit b phn ng th 2
Cu t
nC-i (kmol/h)
yi
Mi
Gi=Mi.ni (kg/h)
84
5825,40
u vo
N
69,35
0,0387
Page 51
n mn hc k s
309,32
0,1675
80,58
24917,96
H2
1442,95
0,7938
2885,90
1821,62
1,0000
33629,26
u ra
A
0,0000
69,30
0,00
0,0380
84
5821,20
n-C5
21,55
0,0118
72
1551,6
n-C6
37,92
0,0208
86
3261,12
i -C5
98,19
0,0539
72
7069,68
i -C6
151,66
0,0833
86
13034,76
P*
0,097
0,0001
44
4,268
H2
1442,672
0,7921
2885,34
1821,39
1,00000
33627,98
Tun hon
Cu t
Lu lng (kmol/h)
Cu t
Lu lng (kmol/h)
i-C5
98,19
H2
1442,672
i-C6
151,66
n- C5
21,55
69,30
n- C6
37,92
N
P*
0,097
312,247
Page 52
1502,15
n mn hc k s
: Nhit cu t i (C).
Cu t
nci,(kmol/h)
Page 53
Ci 4000C
Ci.nci 4000C
j/mol.
kj/h.
n mn hc k s
P
Iso-pentan
43,40
235,51
10221,13
n- pentan
76,34
228,73
17461,25
2,2-dimetylbutan
2,80
283,54
793,91
2,3-imetylbutan
6,13
280,09
1716,95
Metylpentan
68,39
278,00
19012,42
112,26
264,35
29675,93
Metylxyclopentan
Xyclohexan
23,52
252,15
5930,57
45,83
239,81
10990,49
H2
1442,95
26,69
38512,34
1821,62
n-hexan
N
134314,99
Vy: Q2 =
(kj/h)
Ph
n
ng
1
2
5
ni
Qi
ni .Qi
kmol/
h
54,79
74,34
0,050
kcal/m
ol
2
2
20
kcal/h
Page 54
109580
148680
1000
n mn hc k s
0,204
11
2250
5
-
261510
Q5 = 0,05 . Q3
Q3 = 52210168,44 (kj/h)
Q5 = 2610508,42 (kj/h)
Dng
Lng
Kmol/h
Nhit lng
Kj/h
u vo
Q1
50979785,20
Q2
2746210,80
Q4
1094680,86
1821,62
Page 55
54820676,86
n mn hc k s
52210168,44
Q5
2610508,42
1821,39
54820676,86
Kt Lun
Qu trnh isome ha n-parafin c dng nng cao tr s octan ca phn on C5
v C6 ca xng si n 70 0C, ng thi cho php nhn cc iso-parafin ring bit nh isopentan v iso-butan t nguyn liu l n-pentan v butan tng ng, nhm p ng ngun
nguyn liu cho qu trnh tng hp isopren v isobutan l ngun nguyn liu tt cho qu
trnh alkyl ha hoc nhn isobuten cho qu trnh tng hp MTBE.
y l mt qu trnh rt quan trng v c trong hu ht cc nh my lc du hin i
v ang c nghin cu v pht trin rng ri vi nhiu hng ln trn th gii. Qu trnh
kt hp Penex va Molex ca UOP l mt trong nhng qu trnh isome c ng dng
SVTH: Phm Hu Cng
Page 56
n mn hc k s
nhiu nht trn th gii, c chi ph vn hnh thp, gip cho ta thu c hiu sut v cht
lng (RON) isomerat cao.
Qua vic thc hin bn n ny, gip em hiu thm v qu trnh isome ha, t c
ch phn ng ti cc thng s hot ng ca cng ngh. Tuy nhin, do thi gian v kin
thc c hn, nn em khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st.
Em mong PGS.TS Nguyn Khnh Diu Hng gp bn n ca em c hon
thin hn. Em xin chn thnh cm n c.
Page 57
n mn hc k s
Page 58