HINDU MUSLIM UNITY PERIOD

1911-1921

HINDU MUSLIM UNITY PERIOD

1911-1921

INTRODUCTION:
Hindu and Muslims had lived in United India for many years but
they always had been busy in their cultural differences and war.
Hindu and Muslims both are two different Nations because they
have totally different cultural background. They both have
different living background.
But there is a period when they both got united against the British
government, against the no mercy of British government, against
the un relevant behavior of British government, against the rude
behavior of British government. That particular period was from
1911 to 1922.
In that period they got united against the Black bill(Rowlett Act).
They got united against the Jallianwala Bagh incident. They got
united for their rights , They got united to save their Cultures .They
got united for their political interest. They got united against the
no mercy of British Rulers. They got united by lucknow pact for
their political interest.
Following article will show and defined the value of this unity of
Hindu and Muslims.

LUCKNOW PACT-1916:
Lucknow pact is considered as one of most significant and unique
era of Hindu-Muslim harmony. It's thought to be an increased
drinking water designated connected with Hindu Muslim oneness.
It had been the primary and very last pact authorized involving the
nation's lawmakers and Muslim league. Quaid-e-Azam inclusion
within the Muslim league group has been a historical affair, which
actually gave a new direction to the Muslim league. Leaders from

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1911-1921
both the parties equally functions arranged they ought to interact
personally collectively to help make this British rulers agree to the
requirements. They Know if we both the Communities gather,
British can easily accept their demands.

Factors Behind the Lucknow Pact -1916:

The relations relating to the British government and also Muslims
were tensed caused by aggressive and unilateral policies from the
British. The annulment from the partition of Bengal throughout
1911 was a jolt to the Muslims of India; consequently it destroyed
their confidence throughout British and brought Muslims closer to
Hindus against your British. Similarly the incident of Kanpur
mosque as well as the British policies within the international
system had caused deep anguish one of the Muslims. Thus the
Muslims leaderships went to change the strategy from the Muslim
league following the annulment of Bengal throughout 1911.
InDecember-12, 1912, Muslim league made a program and its aim
to show the loyalty to make self-government suitable to India.
Nonetheless, the Muslim league kept the suitable to modify selfrule relative to their needs and also requirements.

Role Of Quaid e Azam In Pact:

Mohammad Ali Jinnah arose as a champion and played extremely
superior rule during this period and become devoted champion for
Hindu Muslim unity. Jinnah played a role of Ambassador of Hindu
Muslim unity.
He convinced all Indian Muslim league to switch their policies for
the betterment of India. He is one of the best advocate and debater
of his time and due to his unique quality Hindu and Muslim got
gather in one platform in 1915 in annual meeting held at Bombay.

Role of Wazir Hussain In Pact:

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1911-1921
He is an Indian Jurist and later a president of Muslim League. He
has a great knowledge and ability and his struggle under the
supervision of Jinnah made the Lucknow pact possible.

Role Of Bal Gangadhar Tilak & Ambica Charan

Mazumdar In Pact:
Gandaghar Tilak and Ambica Charan Mazumdar on the other hand
played extremely great role by the congress side .

Features Of The Pact:

The congress party decided the right to separate electorate for that
Muslims first and last time in the history of subcontinent.
Weightage was tied to separate electorates, and separate
electorates were desired by all Muslims.
The Muslims shall be elected through special electorates and their
strength in different provinces shall be as reasonable.
Half of the members of the executive council Will be Indians but
they must be elected by the elected members
In the middle there will be an imperial legislative council of 150
members.

Importance Of The Lucknow Pact:

Lucknow Pact was actually great achievement of Hindu muslim
Unity.
It provides a mutually acceptable way to solves a lot of HinduMuslim problems.
Lucknow Pact ensured the actual safety of political rights of
Muslims.
Throughout the pact the both parties had the ability to put a joint
demand before the British.
Lucknow Pact appeared like a special significance within the
history of Asia.

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1911-1921
Hindu-Muslim strength made British realize to think about their
rights.
Lucknow pact almost fulfills the rights of Muslims by mutual
acceptance of Hindus.

Conclusion:
The agreement was very outstanding and its dreams were fulfilled
the entire political scenario regarding Indian subcontinent. But, it
was impossible to the parties to produce India a united state. The
Hindus and the Muslims are 2 different nation plus they have
different lifestyle and different views. There Civilization is
different from Muslims. Therefore the Lucknow Pact failed to
produce a long lasting assistance in India one of many Muslims and
Hindus.

Introduction:
In the year 1917, a new panel had been setup underneath the
presidentship connected with Sir Sydney Rowlett to research the
militant Nationalist actions therefore in 1919 he passed a Black
Law known as Rowlett Act.
Rowlett act united the Hindu and Muslims of India against a black
law introduced in India by Sydney Rowlett in 10 march, 1919.
This is the period of injustice by British government. This is the
period of Hindu Muslim unity against British Government. The
actual Rowlett act seemed to be employed to examine this
'seditious conspiracy' from the Native Indian folks. Regulations
approved stimulated this Viceroy Government using amazing
power to quit all violations by means of silencing this media,

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1911-1921
limiting politics activists with no test in addition to arresting any
individual thought associated with sedition in addition to
treachery in addition to treachery in addition to arresting people
without any bring about.
According to the Rowlett act British Government had the authority
and capacity to arrest people in addition to keep them in prisons
with virtually no trial if they are suspected with the charge of
terrorism. The British government also earned the facility to
refrain the newspapers from exposure and printing news. The Act
was ill famed while 'Black Act' by the people and Indians revolt in
protest up against the Rowlett Act. People could be punished
swearly and even without trials.

Jinnah Views On Rowlett Rule:

Muhammad Ali Jinnah the Man of Ambitions strictly unlike and
rejected the Rowlett Act. Jinnah Strictly opposed against this law as
this law would violet all the rights of Hindu and Muslims and could
make more powerful British Rule. Jinnah resigned from the central
legislature as a protest. Mohammad Ali Jinnah delivered critical
speeches inside legislative council and outside and in the end he
resigned through his seat of the assembly in protest against this
law, because he thought this Act is a humiliating Act, violates
simple cannons of rights and fairplay.

Gandhi Views On Rowlett Rule:

Like Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Mahatma Gandhi also unlike and
rejected the Rowlett Act. Gandhi Strictly opposed against this law
as this law would violets all the rights of Hindu and Muslims and
could make more powerful British Rule. Gandhi contended that
everyone can't be punished intended for isolated political crime.
Hindu-Muslim Protests Against Rowlett Act:

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1911-1921
Hindu and Muslims unitedly fought against this act and protested
as well against this Black law. This Law was strongly opposed by
the people of India because they thought the British government
can get more authority in the men and women involving of india.
The Rowlett Act started a great deal of frustration for the leaders
and widespread folks connected with India. However all the
protests did not greatly affect the British rulers as they were still
very able to control over the people of India by their power.
To attempt to end this, Gandhi along with the different
frontrunners called for a new Hartal (a period of time of starting a
fast along with suspension of work) to show the actual British the
actual Indians unhappiness and anger to this law.
Rowlett act leads to the incident of Jallianwala bagh in April 1919.

Satyagrah-1919:
Against the Rowlett act Gandhi started a protest Known as
Satyagrah in 1919. Gandhi himself was a leader of this
Satyagrah.
Muslim league plus the Satyagraha Sabha together with
various other small corporations synchronized as well as
organized the largest Satyagraha of the time. This act gave a
brand new direction for the movement. Gandhi arranged a
bulk protest whatsoever India history.
Hindu and Muslim gather together and Lead to the biggest
Satyagrah ever in the history of India against British and
showed their unity yet again.
In 04 6, 1919, a many Indian strike has been prepared. There
seemed to be mafia physical violence with Bombay,
Ahmadabad in addition to all the other major towns. The

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1911-1921
actual Satyagraha misplaced impetus while using Jallianwala
Bagh tragedy on 04 13, 1919.

Conclusion:
Although this event was not so successful due to the
Jallianwala bagh incident but it shows the unity period of
Hindus and Muslims and their collective anger against British
government. They both Struggle against British rulers.

JallianWala Bagh Incident,April 1919:

Introduction:
This is also one of the Biggest Unity period of Hindu and
Muslims. They Show their unity against British Government
and their Black Bill.
This is one of the saddest incident in the history of Indo-Pak.
This incident shows Foolishness and no mercy of British
government for the people of India.
Jallianwala is situated in the city of Amritsar and upon the
Black bill of Rowlett act Hindu and Muslims were gathered
at Bagh(a public park). More than Lack People(Both HinduMuslims) were gather there and protesting against the black
bill of British government.

Reasons For This Incident:

One reason is that Hindu and Muslim were gather against Rowlett
act which actually destroyed all the rights of the peoples of IndoPak. This Law defined the blackness of British heart and um
maturity among the Muslims and Hindus of Indo Pak.
Another big reason is that the British government prisoned a
cream leadership of Hindu and Muslims of Indo Pak . Gandhi from

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1911-1921
Punjab railway station got arrested and on the contrary from
Amritsar two leaders Saifudin kitchlew and Rastian Paul got
arrested by British Government .
When people got to know the arrestment of these leaders they
started to protest against it.
British government knows the anger of Hindu and Muslims
towards the Rowlett Act so they know if they united they can do
anything.
Preciousness of time allows some duffers so they started to rob the
bank and also killed many bank managers and leads to that
incident .

Affects Of Jallianwala Bagh Incident:

Millions of people had attended the protest against British
Law even when the Government not allowed them. A British
General Dyer with his arm force came into the Jallianwala
Bagh and started shooting fires to unarmed innocent men,
women and children without any warning. Official British
government sources approximated the actual fatalities from
379, with 1, 100 hurt. City Surgeon Doctor Williams
DeeMeddy pointed out that there was 1, 526 casualties.
Nevertheless, the actual casualty variety quotation with the
Indian National Our lawmakers has been over 1, 500, having
roughly 1, 000 killed. Aside from the a lot of deaths
specifically from your shooting, numerous people perished in
stampedes on the narrow gates as well as by simply moving
in to the individual properly about the compound to flee this
shooting. Not even that, General Dyer also ordered to not to
heal wounded peoples of this incident. Think about the
rudeness and their Sternness towards the People of India. It

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1911-1921
is considered one of the biggest and saddest tragedies of the
Indian History.
Due to the incident at Jallianwala Bagh people of India got
Infuriated and in many cities like Lahore, Gujranwala and in
several cities of India people started extreme protest. Due to
that reason British government apply Marshal Law in India.
Their own made fake Courts provide injustice to many people
in India. They applied punishment of life to many innocent
people and prisoned more than 400 innocent people.

Conclusion:
After this tragic event Hindus and Muslim got to know that
British government would not provide justice to them. After
this incident Hindus and Muslims started hating them and got
no mercy for British. Hindu and Muslims collectively started
protest against British Rulers and both have now no mercy
for British government . So this Jallianwala Bagh occurrence
in addition mobilized our elected representatives as well as
other organizations to go ahead of time also to move their
particular methods also to concern the guru on the British
Government. This incident actually leads to the separate
nation in future. This period actually united Hindu and
Muslims among the black policies of British government.

KHILAFAT MOVEMENT -1919:

This is also one of the period of Hindu and Muslims unity as
they both fight against the British. Gandhi started Non
cooperative Movement against British Black laws and
Muslims started their Khilafat movement because of their

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1911-1921
sentiments towards Turkish Muslims. They Both put their
movement by their own way against british.

Reasons Of Khilafat Movement:

Khilafat Movement was a religio-political Movement
launched by the Muslims from the British India to the
retention from the Ottoman Caliphate or even khilafat-eUsmania and for not letting to the Muslim holy locations go
beneath control from the Non-Muslims. During the 1st World
War Turkey sided against Germany and since Germany began
to loose Turkey. Turkey also started off loosing the territory.
By the time very first World War located an end in 1918
Turkey had lost nearly all of its place. Therefore the
challenge during those times was the way the allied forces
would treat Turkey, the Ottoman Empire or even the
Khilafat-e-Usmania and most of the territory were being
occupied which Movement has been on the peak coming from
1919 to be able to 1922, eventhough it went on in the later a
long time.

Being brothers, the Indian native Muslims came to the

realization their faith based duty that can help the Muslim
land. It was the other territorial attachments based on Islam.
Another element same for the first was how the Indian
Muslims thought to be Ottoman Caliphate symbolic of unity
from the Muslim entire world as Ummah.

KHILAFAT MOVEMENT AND NON

COOPERATIVE MOVEMENT
TOGETHER(1919-1921):

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1911-1921
This is also a biggest unity period of Muslims and Hindus as
they were together protested and fought against the British
Rulers.
From 1919 to 1922, British government applied some brutal
laws for the people of British India like Rowlett act and
incident of Jallianwala Bagh had leaved so many pains.
Therefore these incidents lead to the protest of two separate
issues and emerged them into a one platform. These two
movements were Khilafat movement from Muslims and NonCooperative movement from Hindus.
Although Khilafat movement is a sentimental issue towards
the Muslims and Not connected directly to the politics of
India but these two movements lead two the biggest protest
In the history of British India and showed the Hindu Muslim
Unity yet Again.

Gandhis Work:
Gandhi knows that Muslims are suffering sentimentally by
the incident of Khilafat and he also Gandhi also knows about
the ill political period of Hindus and Congress.
In that particular period Gandhi suggested Congress to stand
with the Muslims in Khilafat movement against the British
Government and he also started the Non-Cooperative
movement of Against British(Not to cooperate with British).
Many Hindu Leaders opposed the interaction with Muslims
because they think it is their religious matter but Gandhi
opposed them and made them realize that khilafat movement
and Non-Cooperative movement together will definitely work
for them.

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1911-1921

CONGRESS ON KHILAFAT MOVEMENT AND NONCOOPEARTION MOVEMENT

Gandhi started to think of this started to lauch a movement
called Non cooperative movement in support of Muslims
which will definitely help Hindus as well to destroy the
British Ruling. Many Congress leaders were opposed of this
idea because they dont want to alliance with Muslims in their
Religious Matter but Gandhi made them realize that this is
also important for Hindus for many reasons such as:
It had been experienced that was the golden opportunity to
concrete floor Hindu-Muslim oneness and also to deliver Muslim
world into your nationwide activity.
The nation's lawmakers seemed to be shedding religion in
constitutional have difficulty, particularly as soon as the Punjab
situations plus the blatantly partisan Seeker Fee Statement.

MUSLIM LEAGUE SUPPORT FOR

CONGRESS -1920:
After all of the sudden incidents Muslim League Also decided to
give their support to congress and support them politically

JUNE 1920:
In June 1920, in All india party conference held at Allahabad
Hindu and Muslim both mutually decided to boycott associated
British Government with educational facilities, schools along with
law process of law, along with requested Gandhi to steer that.

SEPTEMBER 1920:

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1911-1921
At the particular program inside Calcutta, this The legislature
okayed some sort of non-cooperation program until this Punjab in
addition to Khilafat errors ended up taken off in addition to swaraj
seemed to be founded.

AUGUST 1920:
The actual Khilafat Panel started a campaign associated with noncooperation and the movement was formally presented.

Moplahs Uprising -1921:

This period is also an Hindu Muslim Unity period as in this period
Local Hindus of Malabar and Moplahs Both Work Together against
Hindu landlords and Police. This movement is the extended
version of the Khilafat movement .

This kind of episode took place in 1921. Moplahs had been the
descendents of the Arab-speaking Muslims and were living there
even before the arrival of Muhammad Bin Qasim in Asia. Within
May 1921, they revolted towards Hindu landlords as their remedy
has been very crazy together. The matter was not the non secular.
The uprising has been against the injustice, against the suffering
which the Moplahs had been facing from Hindu Landlords. The
Hindu landlords played brutally with them therefore they revolted
law enforcement needed along side it on the landlords. The Best
Part of this movement is that the local Hindu unions began to
project to the seeing that the type of Hindu Muslim matter as this is
not the only Moplahs matter but the hindus of kerela also
suffering with this landlords. So There seemed to be plenty of
propaganda against the Muslims with regards to this particular
uprising and also there have been phone calls via some of the
Hindu businesses for you to wake up towards to take care of the

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1911-1921
process that was promising Later on this particular conflict
modified seeing that Moplahs versus law enforcement and also
Hindu. This kind of embittered the Hindu-Muslim relations. This
kind of uprising experienced a damaging influence on the Hindu
Muslim oneness that had been being shown inside Khilafat Activity.
The nation's lawmakers get together as well as the Khilafat Panel
had been very cooperative and also had been working together.
The Muslim commanders had been handling meetings in addition
to Gandhi among others, so that it has been a new extraordinary
display involving Hindu Muslim oneness which cooperative feeling
has been undermined simply by this particular episode.

END OF ARTICLE:
Conclusion From The Period:
Well this is the most significant period for both Muslims and
Hindus and proved to be the Period of Unity. They both
fought for their rights. They created the pressure against
British government .They both got hurt after the Jallianwala
Bagh incident and both fought for their justice. They both
showed harmony against the British rulers. British rulers
almost violated all the rights of Muslims and Hindus but they
both stood up with their leaders and work hard for their
Rights. This is what unity gives.
As a poet quoted Unity is Strength.

HINDU MUSLIM UNITY PERIOD

1911-1921