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Chuong 1 - Ma Tran - Dinh Thuc (Loi Giai) PDF
Chuong 1 - Ma Tran - Dinh Thuc (Loi Giai) PDF
1 2 3
3 0 2
1. Cho A =
va B =
. Tm 2A 3B .
4 5 6
7 1 8
7 4
0
S :
29 7 36
2 5 1
1 2 3
0 1 2
2. Cho A =
, B =
va C =
. Tm 3A + 4B 2C .
3 0 4
0 1 5
1 1 1
10 5 11
S:
7 2 10
1 2
2
1 3
3. Cho A = 1 0 , B = 2 1 va C = 0
2 1
4
3 2
6 11
S: 11 3
27 15
2 1
1 2 5
4. Cho A = 1 0 va B =
. Tm
3
4
0
3 4
3 . Tm 5A 3B + 2C .
2
AB , BA .
1 8 10
15 19
S: AB = 1 2 5 ; BA =
10
3
9 22 15
1 3 2
2
5. Cho A = 3 4 1 va B = 1
2 5 3
1
1 5 5
29
S: AB = 3 10 0 ; BA = 17
2 9 7
14
5 8 4
3
6. Cho A = 6 9 5 va B = 4
4 7 3
9
5 6
2 5 . Tm AB , BA .
3 2
56 27
36 19 .
25 11
2 5
1 3 . Tm AB , BA .
6 5
11 22 29
47 77 37
S: AB = 9 27 32 ; BA = 26 44 20 .
13 17 26
101 161 81
2 1 1
2 1 0
T
T
7. Cho hai ma tran A =
. Tnh 3A 2B , A A va AA .
, B =
0
1
4
3
2
2
4 2 2
10 5 3
2 1
6 5
3
T
T
S: A + B =
; A B =
; A A = 2 2 5 ; AA =
6 7 8
6 1 16
5 17
2 5 17
2 1
2 1 3
1 1
8. Cho A =
.
, B = 0 2 va C =
0
1
0 1 2
1 1
a) Co the thanh lap c tch cua nhng cap ma tran nao trong cac ma tran tren.
b) Tnh AB , ABC .
3
c) Tnh ( AB ) , Cn vi n
=
ung)
1
0 1
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 0
9. Cho A = 0 0 1 . Tnh A 2 va A 3 .
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 0 0
2
3
S: A = 0 0 0 ; A = 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
A = 4 3 8 .
2 2 5
1
S: X = ( 3A I3 ) = 6 4 12
2
3 3 7
k k
11. Xac nh k sao cho
= 0.
4 2k
S:
4 2k
= 2k 2 4k = 2k ( k 2 ) = 0 k = 0 k = 2
0 1 1
a) 1
0 1
1 1 0
2
c) 0
1
5
1
2
1 3
b) 1
0 1
1 1 0
3 2 4
d) 2 5 1
0
2 1 4
e) 6 3 2
4
1
1
2
7 6 5
f) 1 2 1
3 2 1
2
3
2 3 4
g) 4
2 3
0 5 1
h) 5 6 7
2
3
1 0 0
j) 3 2 4
0
2
1
3
1 3
i)
8 9 1
4 1
14. Tnh
1
2
a)
3
d
1 1 1 0
c)
x 1 1 1
1 x 1 1
1 1 x 1
1 1 1 x
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 1
d)
1 0 1 1
0 1 1 1
1 1 1 0
0 1 1 1
0 0 1 1
1 0 2 a
2 0 b 0
3 c 4 5
d 0 0 0
0 2 a
=d0 b 0
c 4 5
= d ( c )
2 a
b 0
hang 4
cot1
= d ( c )( ab ) = abcd
b) x 1
) ( 3 + x ) . Bien oi :
3
x 1 1 1
1 x 1 1
1 1 x 1
1 1 1 x
=
1 1 1 x
1 x 1 1
(1 ) ( 4 )
1 1 x 1
x 1 1 1
1
1 x
x 1
1 x
0 x 1
0
( 2) := ( 2 ) (1)
( 3) := ( 3) (1)
( 4 ) := ( 4 ) x (1)
0 1 x 1 x 1 x2
1
=
1 x
x 1
1 x
1 x
0 x 1
0
1
=
1
0 x 1
(1 x )( 2 + x )
1
0
x
1 x
1 x
x 1
( 4 ) := ( 4 ) + ( 2 )
( 4 ) := ( 4 ) + ( 3)
(1 x )( 3 + x )
2
3
= ( x 1 ) (1 x ) ( 3 + x ) = ( x 1 ) ( 3 + x )
c) 3 ; d) 1
5 sau
a b
y 0
e z
h k
0 0
0 c
0 d
0 f
u l
0 v
x a
b 0 c
0 y
0 0 d
0 f =v
g h k u
0 0
0 0 v
x a
b 0
0 y
0 0
hang 5
g h k u
x a b
= vu 0 y 0
0 e
= vux
y 0
e
cot 4
cot 1
= vuxyz
1 3 7
a) A = 2 1 2
7 1 4
2 5
1
= 22 53 12
9 22
5
S: A
S: A
S: A
S: A
S: A
S: A
S: A
S: A
1 1 2
i) A = 0 1 2
0 0 1
S: A
1 0 0
j) A = 4 1 2
5 3 6
S: A = 0 , A 1 khong co.
1 1 2
b) A = 1 2 1
2 3 4
1 1 2
c) A = 1 2 2
1 3 3
1 2 3
d) A = 0 1 2
0 0 1
1 1 1
e) A = 1 2 1
2 3 1
1 2 3
f) A = 2 1 2
2 1 0
2 2 3
g) A = 1 1 0
1 2 1
1 1 1
h) A = 1 1 1
2 2 0
A = 0 1 1 va B = 4 3
2 3 4
2 2
11 2 5
1
= 6 0 3
3
1 1 1
0 3 2
= 1 1 0
1 2 1
1 2 7
= 0 1 2
0 0 1
1 4 3
= 1 3 2
1 1 1
2 3 1
1
= 4 6 4
2
4 5 3
1 4 3
= 1 5 3
1 6 4
1 1 1
1
= 1 1 1
4
2 2 0
1 1 4
= 0 1 2
0 0 1
B , vi
6
8
5
5
1 2 6 1
S: X = B A = 4 3 8 2
2 2 5 2
2 17 8
0 3 = 18 0
1 3 16 9
sau
2 1 3
S: X = 3
1
2 5
2
1 2
3 5
X =
3 4
5 9
a)
3 2 1 2
=
5 4 5 6
b) X
26
25
25
5 1 1
=
9 2 3
1 2 2 1 3 2
=
5
3
5 6 2 2 5 4
S: X =
3 1 5 6 14 16
X
=
5 2 7 8 9 10
2 1 14 16 4 3 1 2
=
5
5 3 9 10 2 2 3 4
c)
S: X =
1 2 3
1 3 0
d) 3 2 4 X = 10 2 7
2 1 0
10 7 8
4 3 2 1 3 0 6 4 5
S: X = 8 6 5 10 2 7 = 2 1 2
7 5 4 10 7 8 3 3 3
13 8 12 1 2 3
e) X 12 7 12 = 4 5 6
6 4 5 7 8 9
1 2 3 13 8 12 55 34
51
S: X = 4 5 6 12 7 12 = 148 91 138
7 8 9 6 4 5 241 148 225
1 2 2
7 3 0
4 2 4 7 3 0
20 4 12
f) 3 2 4 X = 6 8 4 S: X = 8 4 2 6 8 4 = 34 8 6
6
2 1 0
1 0 5
6 23 19 0
7 5 4 1 0 5
19. Tm hang
1 2
a) 1 2
3 2
4 2
6 2
1 5 4 3
2 1 2 1
b)
5 3 8 1
4 9 10 5
0
1
1 2 3 2 6
2 1 2 3 8
c)
3 2 1 2 4
2 3 2 1 8
3 1 1 2
1
1 1 2 4
5
d)
1 1
3 6 9
12 2 1 2 10
1 1 1 1 2
1 0 1 2 0
e)
1 2 2 7 7
2 1 1 0 3
0
1
f)
3
1 3
0 2 3 4
2 0 5 12
3 5 0 5
S: a) 2. Bien oi
1 2 1 0
1 2 1 0
1 2 1 0
2):= ( 2) + (1)
3 ): = ( 3 ) ( 2 )
(
(
0 4 3 2
0 4 3 2
1 2 4 2
3
:
3
3
1
=
+
( ) ( ) ()
3 2 6 2
0 4 3 2
0 0 0 0
b) 2. Bien oi
1 5 4 3
2 1 2 1
5 3 8 1
4 9 10 5
1 5
1
4
3
1
( 2 ) : = ( 2 ) 2 (1 )
0
( 3):= ( 3) 5(1) 0 11 6 7 2
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) 4 (1) 0 22 12 14 4
1
2
0 11 6 7 2
1 5
4 3 1
( 3):= ( 3) 2( 2) 0 11 6 7 2
( 4 ): = ( 4 ) ( 2 )
0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0
c) 4. Bien oi
1 2 3 2 6
1 2
3 2 6
( 2 ) : = ( 2 ) 2 (1 )
( 3 ) : = ( 3 ) 3 ( 1 ) 0 5 8 1 4
2 1 2 3 8
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) 2(1) 0 4 10 8 14
3 2 1 2 4
2 3 2 1 8
0 7 4 5 20
1 2
3
( 3):= ( 3) 45 ( 2) 0 5 8
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) 75 ( 2) 0 0 18
5
36
0 0
5
2
1
36
5
18
5
6
1 2
3 2 6
4
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) + 2( 3) 0 5 8 1 4
0 0 18 36 54
54
5
5
5
5
0 0
72
0
18
36
d) 2. Bien oi
1
1
12
1
0
0
1 1
1 2
1 2
2
2
5
5
10
10
10 25 50
1 1
1
5
(1 ) ( 2 ) 3 1
1 1
9
10
12 2
1
5
14
3 ): = ( 3 ) ( 2 )
(
0
( 4 ): = ( 4 ) 5 ( 2 ) 0
14
70
0
1 2
2
0
5
0
5
( 2 ) : = ( 2 ) 3 (1 )
1
( 3 ) : = ( 3 ) (1 )
4 ):= ( 4 ) 12(1)
(
9
10
4
5
10 14
0
0
0
0
e) 4. Bien oi
1 1 1 1 2
1 1 1 1 2
( 2):= ( 2) (1)
0 1 2 3 2
( 3):= ( 3) + (1)
( 3) := ( 3 ) ( 2 )
1 0 1 2 0
2 1 1 0 3
0 1 3 2 1
1 1 1 1 2
1 1 1 1 2
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) + ( 3) 0 1 2 3 2
0 1 2 3 2
0 0 1 3 3
0 0 1 3 3
0 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 2 2
f) 4. Bien oi
1
3
4
1
0
0
1 3
0 2
4
3
0 2
1 3
0 12 22
0 22 24
20. Bien
1
a) 2
1
1 0 2 3 4
5
4
(1) ( 2) 0 1 3 4 5 ( 3):= ( 3) 3(1)
( 4 ) : = ( 4 ) 4 (1 )
3 2 0 5 12
12
5
4 3 5 0 5
1 0 2 3
4
4
5
5
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) 1222 ( 3) 0 1 3 4
0 0 12 22 34
34
49
79
0 0 0
36
3
3
1 m
m 3
m 5m m
m 10m
b) 2m
m 2m 3m
m
c)
1
4 10 1
7 17 3
2 4 1
1 0 2 1 0
2 0 1 2 2
d)
1 1 1 3 2
2 1 1 m 2
S: a) m = 0 hay m = 5 : rank = 2; m 0, 5 : rank = 3.
1 1 3
1
3
1
( 2 ) : = ( 2 ) 2 (1 )
( 3):= ( 3) + ( m 1)( 2)
0
1
m + 6
2 1 m
( 3):= ( 3) (1)
1 m 3
0 m 1
6
1 1
1 1
3
3
m+6
m+6
0 1
= 0 1
0 0 6 + ( m 1)( m + 6 ) 0 0 m2 + 5m
b) m = 0 : rank = 0; m 0 : rank = 2.
m 5m m
m 5m
m
2 ) : = ( 2 ) 2 (1 )
( 3):= ( 3) + 13 ( 2)
(
m 10m
0
9m
12m
2m
( 3 ) : = ( 3 ) + (1 )
m 2m 3m
0 3m 4m
m 5m m
0 9m 12m
0
0
0
c) m = 0 : rank = 3; m 0 : rank = 4.
m
1
2
1
0
0
1 7 17 3
1 1 4
( 2):= ( 2) 2(1)
4 10 1
(1 ) ( 3 ) 2 2 4 1
( 3 ) : = ( 3 ) 3 (1 )
( 2 ) ( 4 ) 3 1 1 4 ( 4 ) : = ( 4 ) m (1 )
7 17 3
2 4 1
m 4 10 1
7
17
3
12
30
5
20
50
5
4 7m 10 17m 1 3m
1 7
1 7
17
3
17
3
5
5
3) ( 4 )
0 12 30
0 12 30
( 3):= ( 3) 1220 ( 2)
(
10
m
0 0
23 m
0
( 4 ):= ( 4 ) + 4 127m ( 2) 0 0
3
2
4
10
m
0 0
0 0
23 m
0
2
4
3
1 7
17
3
0 12 30 5
4 ) := ( 4 ) + 5 ( 3 )
(
m = 0 :
0 0
0 23
0 0
0
0
d) m = 2 : rank = 3; m 2 : rank = 4.
1 0 2 1 0
1 0 2
1
( 2 ) : = ( 2 ) + 2 (1 )
4
( 3):= ( 3) + (1) 0 0 3
2 0 1 2 2
4
:
=
4
2
1
( ) ( ) () 0 1 3
1 1 1 3 2
4
2 1 1 m 2
0 1 3 m 2
1 0 2
1 0 2
1
0
1
4
2
4
( 4 ): = ( 4 ) + ( 2 ) 0 1 3
0 1 3
0 0 3
0 0 3
4
2
4
0 1 3 m 2 2
0 0 0 m+2
10
2
( 3) ( 2 )
2
0
2
2