While mosquito-transmitted disease is not as common in

Minnesota as it is in tropical climates, there are several

diseases that may occur within the state. Minnesota residents
who travel to other countries can also Some mosquitoes are
vectors for diseases. This means they can transmit
diseases from one human or animal to another. Typically, the
diseases are caused by viruses or tiny parasites. For example,
a mosquito that bites an infected human or animal can pick up
a virus along with the blood meal turn with tropical diseases
such as malaria or dengue. Mosquito-borne
diseases or mosquito-borne illnesses are diseases caused
by bacterial, virus They can transmit disease without being
affected themselves or parasites transmitted mosquito's period
of feeding is often undetected; the bite only becomes apparent
because of the immune reaction it provokes. When a mosquito
bites a human, she injects saliva and anti-c For any given
individual, with the initial bite there is no reaction but with
subsequent bites the body's immune system
develops antibodies and a bite becomes inflamed and itchy
within 24 hours.

Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other
animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of singlecelled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.[1] Malaria
causes symptoms that typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting,
and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow
skin, seizures, coma, or death.[2]Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen
days after being bitten. If not properly treated, people may have
recurrences of the disease months later.[1] In those who have recently
survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. This
partial resistance disappears over months to years if the person has no
continuing exposure to malaria.[2]
The disease is most commonly transmitted by an infected
female Anopheles mosquito
the parasites from the mosquito's saliva into a person's blood.[1] The
parasites travel to the liver where they mature and reproduce The
presentation may include headache, fever, shivering, joint pain, vomiting
,hemolytic anemia, jaundice, hemoglobin in the urine, retinal damage,
and convulsions it also has flu like symptoms Methods used to

prevent malaria include medications, mosquito elimination and

the prevention of bites. There is no vaccine for malaria. The
presence of malaria in an area requires a combination of high
human population density, high anopheles mosquito population

density and high rates of transmission from humans to

mosquitoes and from mosquitoes to humans

Dengue fever
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by
the dengue virus.[1] Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen
days after infection.[2] , and a characteristic.[1][2] Recovery
generally takes less than two to seven days.[1] In a small
proportion of cases, the disease develops into the lifethreatening dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting
in bleeding, low levels of blood platelets and blood
plasma leakage, or into dengue shock syndrome,
where dangerously low blood pressure occurs. Dengue is
spread by several species of mosquito of the Aedes type,
principally A. aegypti.[1] The virus has five different types;
[3]
infection with one type usually gives lifelong immunity to. they
typically bite during the early morning and in the evening,[27]
[28]
but they may bite and thus spread infection at any time of day
.that type, but only short-term immunity to the others. When the
mosquito next sucks blood, it injects its saliva into the wound,
and the virus reaches the bloodstream of the bitten person.

These viruses are related to the viruses that cause West Nile
infection and yellow fever
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is an acute viral disease.[3] In most cases,
symptoms include fever, chills, loss of appetite, nausea, muscle
pains particularly in the back, and headaches.[3] Symptoms
typically improve within five days.[3] In some people within a day
of improving, the fever comes back, abdominal pain occurs,
and liver damage begins causing yellow skin.[3]If this occurs,
the risk of bleeding and kidney problems is also increased.[3]
The disease is caused by the yellow fever virus and is spread
by the bite of an infected female mosquito. Yellow fever begins
after an incubation period of three to six days.[10] Most cases
only cause a mild infection with fever, headache, chills, back
pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, muscle pain, nausea, and
vomiting.[11] In these cases, the infection lasts only three to four
days.
Yellow fever virus is mainly transmitted through the bite of the
yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, but other mostly Aedes
mosquitoes such as the tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) can
also serve as a vector for this virus. When the mosquito next
sucks blood, it injects its saliva into the wound, and the virus
reaches the bloodstream of the bitten person.

Symptoms of dengue

Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)

Sometimes, symptoms are mild and can be mistaken for those of the fluor
another viral infection. Younger children and people who have never had the
infection before tend to have milder cases than older children and adults. However,
serious problems can develop. These include dengue hemorrhagic fever, a rare
complication characterized by high fever, damage to lymph and blood vessels,
bleeding from the nose and gums, enlargement of the liver, and failure of the
circulatory system. The symptoms may progress to massive bleeding, shock, and
death. This is called dengue shock syndrome (DSS).
People with weakened immune systems as well as those with a second or
subsequent dengue infection are believed to be at greater risk for developing dengue
hemorrhagic fever. It also cause sudden fever and vomiting.it also cause skin rash.

Conclusion
From this project we learnt about
many mosquito borne diseases.
We learnt many types of
diseases spread by mosquito
,how they transmit diseases,
what are the symptoms of the
diseases ,how they are caused
What diet should we take when
we are suffering from these
diseases.
From this collaborative project
we learnt many things.
Team work
Team spirit
Equal participation in the
project
We are thankful to our
teacher for making this
project more easier for us.