Team Responses to ALE 11-Fall 2011 ‘YeamNo. Section _C. CHEM 161 - K. Marr Key Questions 1. The formula unit of ammonium nitrate + may be represented by what is shown on the right. T ie H 2. What is the “molecular formula” of ammonium nitrate? 3. Within 1 mole of ammonium nitrate formula units how many moles of + hydrogen atoms are there? __‘\__mol H + nitrogen atoms are there? 2% __molN ‘+ oxygen atoms are there? 3 molo 4, What is the molar mass (the mass in grams of one mole of atoms—i.e. the atomic mass in grams) for each of the following? Consult the Periodic Table and report the molar masses t 2 decimal places using the units of molar mass, g/mol. « hydrogen, H ___\. H + nitrogen,.N. \Y.0 + oxygen, __\lo 0 | a. What is the mass (in grams) of exactly 4 moles of hydrogen atoms? Yowles Hx LOla# = doa 5H b. What is the mass (in gramkf6f exactly 2 ee of nitrogen atoms? Doles N x \te0la® > 2.02 of c. What is the mass (in grams) Of Ufelactly 3 moles of oxygen atoms? Benoles Ox [EATBP-= Ye OQ40 imol 4. If 4 moles of hydrogen atoms were chemically combined with 2 moles of nitrogen atoms and 3 moles of oxygen atoms, what would the total mass in grams be? (Assume 4, 2/and 3 moles are have no uncertainty—i.e. they are exact numbers) Halgh ze O7gN + YE 0q07 TO.OG a NH4 NO; / €. What is the molar mass of ammonium nitrate (in g/mol)? / ®. O65 Jmol NHy No, / ALE 11 ~ Chem 161 - - 7 Page lof 3Inc, Team Responses to ALE 11 - Fall 2011 Team No. {Section CHEM 161 - K. Marr Key Questions 1, The formula unit of ammonium nitrate + 7 may be represented by what is shown H Oo on the right. | | H—N—H NHy NO; | H 2. What is the “molecular formula” of ammonium nitrate? _NH y*/NVO 5 3. Within I mole of ammonium nitrate formula units how many moles of «hydrogen atoms are there? __4_. mol H + nitrogen atoms are there? _Q\_ mol N © oxygen atoms are there? 3_molo 4. What is the molar mass (the mass in grams of one mole of atoms—i.e, the atomic mass in grams) for each of the following? Consult the Periodic Table and report the molar masses to 2 decimal places using the units of molar mass, g/mol. + hydrogen, H 1. OL Bhat + nitrogen, N !MOL Zilina’ + oxygen, O 16,00 $lyaa a, What is the mass (in grams) of exactly 4 moles of hydrogen atoms? 404g POUL ee b. What is the mass (in grams) of exactly 2 moles of nitrogen atoms? SA. SS AB .OX gforn it) c. What is the mass (i grams) of exactly 3 moles of oxygen atoms? as AG, 00) gramme, d. If 4 moles of hydrogen atoms were chemically combined with 2 moles of nitrogen atoms and 3 moles of oxygen atoms, what would the total mass in grams be? (Assume 4, 2 and 3 are-have-no-uncertainty—i.e. they are exact numbers) Qe vor =MOW KAYO 224.02, 3, 16.06 =44.00 BO. Db4rama, onium nitrate (in g/mol)? 2) 30.06 g-[mol NAY NO 37 ‘ALE 11 - Chem 161 Page 1 of 3 ?Team Responses to ALE 11- Fall 2011 TeamNo._ 2 _ Section _C CHEM 161 - K. Marr Exercise 5. Ina manner similar to what was presented in the Model, above, determine the percent composition of lactic acid. Friceion of Use Ua bl Cleve en neat ee a a™ a ( A us i : Gn wee) 6-047 (6 cava §0-0 e671 w S 3 Va beet) tee (40% oux=) JP FOF } G0,00 Yao! @ 6a, Compare the percent compositions of acetic acid (in the Model) and lactic acid (Exercii : What can you conclude about a compound’s empirical formula and its percent composition? i a The capiviect fermulas are the Sout, BrereRO the percent confesitien iS Se tre SHC, The dus geile ore mde Clb ef Be sme. Trent of elements b. Without doing any calculations, what is the percent composition of formaldehyde? YO,c0% exc bon, 671% Hydrogen ) S321% Keen / 7. If you knosy a compound’s percent composition, do you automatically know what the compound’s molecular formula is? If you do, explain how. If you do not, what is the missing piece of information that would be used to determine the mglecular formula? © Wer Yeov need® the empirical fermulg - = tear Z, ~— Tena te deternmed. Wagkt} Geplasa hy / Compre EY Cre. 4) 10 lor Pass 8. What is the molar mass of CHO (the empirical formula of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and lactic acid)? Dols Daley b 1693. 2°$0.08 F/met > 9a, What is the molar mass of acetic acid divided by the molar of CHO equal to? (The molar mass of acetic acid is provided in the Model.) ut QO Show Srk b. Ifyou multiply the stoichiometric subscripts of CH,O (the empirical formula of acetic acid) by the answer of Question 9a to obtain a “new” formula, what formula do you Bet? Za Hyer, ‘To which compound does this formula belong? This 1S accor Gerd € ©) &) ‘ALE 11 ~ Chem 161Team Responses to ALE 11- Fall 2011 TeamNo._2 Section _C CHEM 161 - K. Marr 10 a. What is the molar mass of lactic acid divided by the molar mass of CH,O equal to? (The molar mass of lactic acid should be found in your solution of Exercise 5.) 208 g/mol _lactic aci u 90.08 i acid _ 3.000 30.07 9/mol €4,0 b. Ifyou multiply the stoichiometric subscripts of CHO (the empirical formula of lactic acid) by the answer of Question 10a to obtain a “new” formula, what formula do you get? ‘To which compound does this formula belong? The molecular Formula far lactic acid is: Ceay Hae t3* C3 He Os Exercises = _ — = TI. a. Anionic substance is found to have the % composition by mass: 82.0% mercury, 4.9% carbon, and 13.1% oxygen. What is the empirical formula of the compound? Hints: Since the percent ‘composition is a percent-by-mass, it might be a good idea to start off by making an assumption about how many grams of the substance is being considered—100 g of the substance makes the calculations simpler! Keep in mind that the subscripts in a formula are ratios of the mumber of ‘moles of the elements in the compound. So you will want to convert from mass to moles for each element. Also keep in mind that all subscripts in the formula must be integers. Show all work using the factor-label method and atomic masses to two decimal places. Using, 825 of Substances Wy Substance (ova Hs) gp, ee a He a) F205 Ms, 4.45 6 Hoa tobitemee VBI5o Vs 3.150 ae (3it.) 3 HBOS HS (Lnsle Hy). Gung cies ny | 2teLestelly , 7 aeeeg ts) * 409 moles Hy} Tacemtere * | Capel oe Co WhaS (ime ey | omtog mals € ie ae )= 0.408 moles ¢ Sees st O 131g 9tmote 0 Hy CO, -$ ele). 0.817 meles O 0.809 ws 5 LES (Heatga)? OF melee Oo | eee ia b. The molar mass of the compound is determined to be 489.2 g/mol. Use a calculation to show what the “molecular formula” of the compound must be. Hint: What is the relationship between the molar mass and the molar mass of the compound’s empirical. formula? molecular mass = 200.6 41.014 266.00) 7 F446 Irmo) of Hy CO, UY 484.8 ofmel compaond 9 90 Molecular Formula ; DHE 3 /mal Hy C0, H94C, 04 ©. What is the correct unambiguous name of the compound? (Recall the names of the commonly-encountered polyatomic ions.) u v Weccary () Oyalate ‘ALE 11 — Chem 161 Page 3 of 3Team Responses to ALE 11 - Fall 2011 Team No.“ __ Section __C CHEM 161- K Marr 10 a. What is the molar mass of lactic acid divided by the molar mass of CHO equal to? (The molar mass of lactic acid ou ‘be found in your solution of Exercise 5.) u 20.08 ginal v 20 asa 2.4946 = 3.000 glmor b. Ifyou multiply the stoichiometric subscripts of CH,O (the empirical formula of lactic acid) by the answer of Question 10a to obtain a “new” formula, what formula do you get? To which compound does this formula belong? u 3(CH.O)= C4603 gone act Exercises Ti. a. Anionic substance is found to have the % composition by mass: 82.0% mercury, 4.9% carbon, and 13.1% oxygen. What is the empirical formula of the compound? Hints: Since the percent composition is a percent-by-mass, it might be a good idea to start off by making an assumption about how many grams of the substance is being considered—100 g of the substance makes the calculations simpler! Keep in mind that the subscripts in a formula are ratios of the number of moles of the elements in the compound. So you will want to convert from mass to moles for each element. Also keep in mind that all subscripts in the formula must be integers. Show all work using the factor-label method and atomic masses to two decimal places. lmmottig . O.4OU mel He , - bssane ( B209%4* Be eg Hg” O4OR = 1-00 rok Hg (oiog, uate lms, OHOBmelC . | Comput) 493° * Vaoige *~ 408 00 mol Cig Or ImolO _ 2.B14mel® “ ¥ 1B.lgox SMa, = oe 2.00 rag O b. The molar mass of the compound is determined to be 489.2 g/mol. Use a calculation to show what the “molecular formula” of the compound must be. Hint: What is the relationship between the molar mass and the molar mass of the compound's empirical formula? Kol fgtl2.0lg+ 2(ee0)g = = NB42 g hot 5 244 cglnuol " 280. bg Inet 4 foros) ce rere (bh Sunn hla) os Oy ©. What is the correct unambiguous name of the compound? (Recall the names of the commonly-encountered polyatomic ions.) Mereory (CY oxcdate ALE 11 — Chem 161 Page 3 of 3,