I

2/10/2014

K

VII
,
. 2014/15

(2005)

(2009)

,

(1982-10.9.2010.), :


(
19.9.2010. )

(SRPS)

(EN )

EN

EN SRPS EN

ASTM, AASHTO..

:

(

)

()

( )

.

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

:
IV ..

o

()

, I (521 485

...)



, 500 . ..

Via Appia

Via Egnatia

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

XVIII -

XIX





T. Telford, Tresaguet, J.L. McAdam (Remarks on the Present

System of Road Making , 1816. 1824.)

(Karlsruhe, 1825.)

.

Telford

(London, 1829.)

USA, Manual of Road Making (W.M.

Gillespi, 1852.)
Gotlieb Daimler, Karl Benz, - 1866.
1891. Pariz Brest Pariz, 13,5 km/h
1901. Nica, Mercedes, 86 km/h

Macadam

,

. 2014/15 .
..

XX

1876. . Pennsylvania Ave,

2/10/2014

XX

....

Washington DC

1910. .

,
!

-

- -

- .

:

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

- ()

3000 kg.

3000 kg.

< 0.2 MPa

2.0 MPa

...

...

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

ESO (Tu
(Tu)
Tu) 80 kN

> 7.000.000

!

2.000.000 7.000.000
700.000 2.000.000
200.000 700.000

( )

< 200.000

. .
.

- ()

,

, ,

c

c

( Clay)
Clay) ( Sand)
Sand )
( Silt)
Silt)
0.02

0.075

( Cobble)
Cobble)

( Gravel)
Gravel)
2.36

(mm)

63

200

( Boulder)
Boulder)

c

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

:

:

d

(

) w

( ).
.

. CBR

Proctor

CBR

(CBR = 100 %)

MR

CBR

( )



DCP (Dynamic Cone

Penetrometer)

(Troxler)


.

. 2014/15 .
..

2/10/2014

MR

( ).





2.
1.

MR

450

y = 10.342 CBR

400

MR (MPa)

350
300
250
200
150
100

y = 17.61 CBR0.64

50
0
0
.

10

20

30

40

CBR (%)

.

Me

16 30 cm

p = 0.05 0.15 MPa

p = 0.15 0.25 MPa

p = 0.25 0.35 MPa

Me = f o

5 , p = 50 kPa

p
D
s

Ev1 Ev2

D = 30 cm

min. 6 , q s < 2 mm

E v1 = 0.75

q1
D
s1

E v 2 = 0.75

q2
D
s2

(LWD)
.

. 2014/15 .
..

Geo Gauge

(DCP)

2/10/2014

()

Dynatest Prima 100
- 17 kg
- 20
kg
-
-

-

( )

GPS-

/

Zbijenost

()

CBR (%)

Ev2 (MPa)

Ev2/Ev1

Ed (MPa)

USCS

d (kg/m3)

15

2.2

GW

2000 2250

30

30

20

2.2

10

GP

1750 2100

20

20

30

2.2

15

GM

2100 2300

20

15

60

3.0

30

20

2.2

10

SP

25

2.2

12

SM
SC

1700 2100

0.5 - 2.0 m

< 0.5 m

40

2.2

20

80

3.0

40

. 2014/15 .
..

GC

1900 2250

SW

1750 2100

15

15

1650 1900

10

10

1900 2150

10

ML

1600 1800

CL

1600 1800

2/10/2014

()

:

CBR (%)

25

58
8 20

20 30

30 - 100

(
)

CBR
(%)

( MPa)
MPa)
( )

M
(MPa
MPa)
MPa)
( )

(
) (MPa
MPa)
MN/m3)
MPa) (MN/m

Ev1

Ev2

Ms

M R (AI)

M R (TRL)

(15)

12

31

36

25

10

(17)

13.5

41

43

34

11

(19)

14.5

52

49

38

13

(22)

17

62

55

43

16

(27)

21

72

61

47

18.5

(31)

24.5

83

67

50

10

21

(36)

28

103

77

54

15

28

(48) 75

37

155

100

65

20

33

(53) 85

44

207

120

74

30

44

110

58.5

310

155

94

40

58

130

77

414

187

115

50

68

150

90

517

215

136

60

78

160

105

621

242

160

80

93

180

125

827

291

187

140

1034

336

215

100

.
105
190

- ()

(70 85 %)

- (70 85 %)

. 2014/15 .
..

10

2/10/2014

:

(
)

( )



( )
.

()

, , , , ...
,

: ,

, , ...
.

> 125 mm

4 (2) 125 mm






( ),





22/40, 40/63 cm

50/70 cm

15/50 cm

()

0.09 (0.063 - 0125) 4 (2) mm

(< 0.71 mm)

(< 0.09 mm)

. 2014/15 .
..

11

2/10/2014

0 63 mm

()

0-170 mm

(

)

0/2, 0/4, 2/4, 4/8, 8/11,

8/16, 16/22, 16/32 mm ( )

Proctor-

(, ,
),
j

:

(max. 0/63 mm),
(. 0/31.5 mm)

15 40 cm

15-20 cm
(max 30 cm)
.

. 2014/15 .
..

:

MR

Ev2

s

CBR

:

MR (E), CBR, Ev2,

:

Ev2, MS
.

12

-

-

2/10/2014

()

2 4 %

15 25 cm

7 28

7 = 2.0 5.5 MPa

28 = 3.0 6.5 MPa

: 2 30 GPa

()

: 1/8 1/10

. 2014/15 .
..

13