Differential Equations

Mixing

F E C EF L C=

when

VdC CdV
+
dt
dt

F E=F L
F E ( C E C ) =V

dC
dt

If not;

F E ( C E C ) =[V o + ( F E F L ) t ]
Flow through an orifice

dV
=0.61 r o2 2 gh
dt
A

dh
=0.61 r o2 2 gh
dt

Stoichiometry I
Degree API (American Petroleum Institute)

API =

sp . gr .

141.5
131.5
60
sp . gr .
60

60
141.5
=
60 API +131.5

Degree Baum

Be ( lighter thanwater )=

140
130
sp . gr .

Be ( heavier than water )=145

145
sp . gr

dC
dt

Degree Twaddle

Tw =200(1sp . gr .)