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Electrical Basic Course: Lesson 14 Conservation of AC Power Power Factor Correction Power Measurements
Electrical Basic Course: Lesson 14 Conservation of AC Power Power Factor Correction Power Measurements
Conservation of AC power
I = I1 + I 2
1
1
1
1
*
*
*
*
S = V I * = V I1 + I 2 = V I1 + V I 2 = S1 + S 2
2
2
2
2
V = V1 + V2
1
1
1
1
*
*
*
*
S = V I = (V1 + V2 )I = V1 I + V2 I = S1 + S 2
2
2
2
2
Parallel
Series
BOUCHEROTS Theorem
I
V
S , P, Q,
From P, Q, V
I=
P +Q
V
2
From P, Q, I
V=
P +Q
I
2
From V, I,P
From V, I,Q
S = VI
Q = S 2 P2
S = VI
P = S 2 Q2
P4
Rb
I4
I=
I3
Xa
D
P3
Q3
I
XC
V = 500 V(rms)
P = 20 kW
Q = 15 kVAr
XC = 50
R = 0.1
Xa = 20
Ra = 15
Xb = 0.1
Rb = 0.1
V
I
P1
Q1
P2
Q2
P 2 + Q 2 V = 50 A
P1 = P = 20kW
S1 =
Ra I 2
V AB
Q4
I1 = V X C = VFG X C = 10 A
Q1 = Q + ( V 2 X C ) = 10kVar
I 2 = S1 V = 44 .72 A
VCF = RI 2 = 4.47V
Xb
A
+
P4
Rb
I4
Q2 = Q1 = 10 kVar
I 3 = VCD
P3 = P2 + Ra I 32 = 26.3kW
I 4 = S 3 VCD = 63.35 A
P3
Q3
S2 =
Xa
XC
V
I
P2
Q2
P1
Q1
V AC = I 4 Rb2 + X b2 = 8.96V
Q3 = Q2 + X a I 32 = 181
. kVar
P4 = P3 + Rb I 42 = 26. 7 kW
S4 =
I3
P2 = P1 + RI 22 = 20.2 kW
Ra I 2
V AB
Q4
Q4 = Q3 + X b I 42 = 18.5kVar
V AB = S4 I 4 = 512.8V
S3 =
R
R1
VAB
I1
PT
X1
I2
X2
R = 10
PT = 100 W
R1 = 20
I = 2.28 A
VAB = 100 V
Results
X 1 = 56.09 X 2 = 25.08
V
Ia
Ib
The Energy Distributor impose a limit to the lowest power factor value.
Most domestic loads (such as washing machines, air conditioners, and
refrigerators) and industrial loads (such as induction motors) are inductive
and operate at a low lagging power factor. Although the inductive nature
of the load cannot be changed, we can increase its power factor.
PU
P
V
Q
XC
QU
Inductive load
QU = PU tgU
P = PU
Q = Ptg IN = PU tg IN
QC = Q Qu = PU tg IN PU tgU = PU (tg IN tgU )
V2
QC =
= 2 fCV 2
XC
C=
PU (tgU tg IN )
2fV 2
QC
SU
QU
S
P=PU
iv=0
P = V I cosV
I = V I cos