Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Electrical Basic Course

Lesson 11
Constitutive equation

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Constitutive equation of components: Resistor

Time Domain

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

By applying the symbolic transformation from the sinusoid domain we get:

Phasor Domain

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Constitutive equation of components: Inductor

= LI cos(t + I + )
2
Where:

X L = L

is called: Inductive Reactance

[X L ] =

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

By applying the symbolic transformation from the sinusoid domain we get:

V = jX L I

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Constitutive equation of components: Capacitor

= CI cos(t + V + )
2
Where:

XC =

1
is called: Capacitive Reactance
C

[X C ] =

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

By applying the symbolic transformation from the sinusoid domain we get:

V = jX C I

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Series and parallel of two terminal component in the phasors domain:

resistor and inductor

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Series and parallel of two terminal component in the phasors domain:

resistor and capacitor

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Series and parallel of two terminal component in the phasors domain:

resistor , inductor and capacitor

Z = R + ( X L X C )I

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

XLXC

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Impedance classification

V = RI

Z =R

Pure ohmic impedance

V = jX L I

Z = jX L

Pure inductive impedance

V = jX C I

Z = jX C

Pure capacive impedance

V = (R + jX L )I

Z = R + jX L

Inductive- ohmic impedance

V = (R jX C )I

Z = R jX C

Capacitive- ohmic impedance

V = ZI
Z

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Series and parallel of Impedances

ZN

Z2

Z1

i =1

i =1

i =1

i =1

Z = Z i = (Ri jX i ) = Ri + j X i

Z1

Z2

ZN

Z=

1
N

i =1 Z i

Electrical Basics Course

Voltage division

Current division

Prof. Aldo Canova

Electrical Basics Course

Admittance

Prof. Aldo Canova

Electrical Basics Course

Example: evaluate the equivalent impedance

From: Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

2Ed Alexander_Sadiku Textbook

Prof. Aldo Canova

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Example: evaluate the equivalent impedance

R2

C1
L3
R3
R6 L6

C
R4 4
L5

C1=100 [F]
R2=15 []
R3=10 [];
L3=120 [mH]
R4=25 [];
C4=155 [F]
L5=200 [mH]
R6=20 [];
L6=22 [mH]

Result: Z=32.21-j23.59

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Example: current and voltage calculation

From: Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

2Ed Alexander_Sadiku Textbook

Electrical Basics Course

Star-Delta connection

Prof. Aldo Canova

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

Find I

From: Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

2Ed Alexander_Sadiku Textbook

Electrical Basics Course

Prof. Aldo Canova

From: Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

2Ed Alexander_Sadiku Textbook