CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Overview
Electricity is one of the most widely used forms of energy. For reduction of carbon dioxide
emission, renewable energies are considered as proper alternative energy. Renewable energies
mainly refer to the wind, solar, biomass and marine currents which are less harmful to
environment, attracting a wide attention of researchers in design and development of renewable
energy conversion systems. Although improvement of renewable energy converters is in a fast
rate, the systems to extract the wasted energy in conventional energy conversion systems are not
developed as much as its technologies.
In many systems and processes, dissipation of energy is inevitable whatever renewable or
conventional energy was used. For instance, as a car passes over a speed-breaker, most of car
kinetic energy will be wasted as heat in it. On other hand, to ensure the security of the populated
areas of streets, the speed-breakers are required, whatever we used electrical cars or the cars
consuming gasoil. There are numerous similar cases which such vast energies are wasting. Like
an elevator during going down, a car during going down on a sloppy street, where regardless the
used type of energy or efficiency of systems energy is systematically wasting. It is mainly due to
condition that the systems are. Today also there is great scarcity of electricity. In this study an
innovative concept of Generating Electricity from moving vehicles is presented. The number of
vehicles on road is increasing rapidly and if we convert some of the kinetic energy of these
vehicle into the rotational motion of generator then we can produce considerable amount of
electricity, this is the main concept of this project. Today our whole life style is dependent on
electricity. With the increasing population the use of electric power is also increasing. But we
know that the resources to generate electricity are limited, and this has lead to the energy crisis.
During this scenario we need to generate electricity from the things used in day-to-day life. In
this project the speed breakers present on roads are used to generate electricity. As we know that
vehicles on road are increasing day by day which will help us to generate electricity as these
vehicles pass through the speed breakers? This electricity generated can be used for different
purpose such as lighting of signals and streetlights on road. For obtaining the electricity through

the speed breaker a prototype model is developed and studied. Findings from this research work
is discussed in this paper, the generator used here is permanent magnet D.C. generator. The
Generator voltage is 12 Volt D.C. With almost everything today running on electricity, it is easy
to forget our dependence on that power source, and the reliability of its production.

1.2 Background of Research

Energy is one of the prime needs for every human being. Thats why energy is always converted
from one form to another very rapidly for human necessity. In this age of modern
industrialization, energy demand increases due to the increase of population at an alarming rate.
Electricity is one of the essential forms of energy but most of the people of the developing
country are deprived of this energy.
Main reason behind this is energy sources for electricity like oil, gas are diminishing
quickly. So, to sustain we must have to find some other energy sources. In this research,
electricity is captured from road speed breaker where large number vehicle passes over the speed
breaker are the non-conventional source of the electricity. It can be treated as the optimal use of
available energy in front of us. The number of vehicles in roads is increasing day by day. So,
there is a large possibility of tapping the energy and generating electricity by making the speed
breaker as one of the small power generation unit. In the roller mechanism, a roller is fitted in the
road which can rotate. Whenever vehicle passes over this rotating speed breaker rotates, so
vehicle kinetic energy is converted to the rotational energy which can be called a form of
mechanical energy and depicted. This generated mechanical energy can be easily converted to
electrical energy by using dynamo or DC generator where shaft of the roller is coupled with the
shaft of the dynamo with some gear ratio for gaining mechanical advantage to generate
electricity. As the number of vehicle passes over the speed breaker increases correspondingly
increases the generation of mechanical energy which can be converted to large amount of
electricity.

1.3 Problem Statement

Based on the background, the demand for electricity is increasing since the late and erratic
weather changes for the acquisition of solar energy and the expensive cost to income.
Accordingly, researchers have expressed the idea of generating energy with a maximum
efficiency of the design is very simple and effective way to generate electricity using the casting
speed. The aim of this study was to design and analyze the functionality of electric power
generation system using a circuit breaker to turn on the street lights, signs, and traffic signals.

1.4 Project Objectives

The objectives of this project are:

To develop the prototype generate electricity from speed breaker

To analyses the performance of the prototype

1.5 Scope of the research

To ensure that the study carried out smoothly, the scope of the study defined as the study guide
that is designing and developing the prototype for generating electricity from speed using an
electric motor and can generate a form of renewable energy. Limitations of the study the
generation of electricity using the casting speed is more directed to the use of small-scale only
where it can be used for street lighting, traffic signs and signals parking.

1.6 Importance of research

i.

Parking Manager
Can reduce expenses for payment of electrical energy.

ii.

Building owner
With a renewable energy source, homeowners can prevent a
variety of other costs that may be charged.

1.8 The definition of the term

In this study, there are some key terms used in defining key terms that are often used in
the study. Therefore, some of these terms are stated and explained to facilitate the
understanding of the design of the study and carried out.
i.
Prototype
In this study, a prototype based on the model created to generate electricity
using the casting speed.
ii.
Mechanism
In this study, the mechanism refers to the arrangement or joint parts work
together in a prototype.

1.9 Chapter summary

Design and production of electric energy generation projects using the speed breaker can
reduce the dependence on other sources of energy that may be restricted and
consequently produce a form of renewable energy replacement. It can save electricity can
recycle the energy that futile as cars, motorcycles and the like which can be through
electricity generators using this speed breaker.