Use of Comma

1. Used to connect items in list.

E.g. the color of three dogs were brown, black and white
2. To join two Sentences like
E.g. She had very little to live on, but she would never take what was not
hers.
Shot clauses connected by and, but or OR are not usually separated by
commas
She is poor but she is honest
A comma can also be used to show that words have been omitted
-

Alice decided to order pizza and peter, the chicken parantha.

Subordinate Clauses
When Subordinate clauses begin sentences, they are often separated by
commas
. when the rain stopped, we went out OR We went out when the rain stopped
Commas are also used to set off words or expressions that interrupt the
natural progression of a sentence
. My friends, however, did not come.
. John had, surprisingly, did everything
To separate adjectives used in the predicative position
Adjectives used in the predicative position are always separated by commas.
He is tall, dark and handsome.
That was a lovely, long, cool drink.
Sometimes commas are not used between the last two adjectives which are
usually separated by a conjunction
like and or or.
Commas are sometimes dropped between short adjectives.
In direct speech
A comma is generally used between a reporting verb and a piece of direct
speech.

Looking at the painting, she said, I like this one.

If the reporting verb follows a piece of direct speech, we usually use a
comma instead of a full stop before the
closing quotation mark.
I dont like this, said Jane.
Numbers
Large numbers are often divided into groups of three figures by using
commas.
Examples are:
5,768 (NOT 5.768)
6, 567, 873
Commas are sometimes not used in four figure numbers.
5,378 or 5378
Commas are never used in dates.
The Year 1953 (NOT The Year 1,953)
Cases where commas are not used
Commas are not used before that, what, where etc in indirect speech
structures.
Nobody realized that the child was missing. (NOT Nobody realized, that the
child )
She didnt know what to do. (NOT She didnt know, what to do.)
Commas are not used between two grammatically independent sentences.
Instead we use a full stop or a
semicolon.
The blue dress was cheap. On the other hand, the pink dress was better. OR
The blue dress was cheap;
on the other hand, the pink dress was better. (NOT The blue dress was
cheap, on the other hand, )