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B602 Revision Booklet
B602 Revision Booklet
B602 Revision Booklet
Studies
GCSE
Revision
Guide
Philosophy
2
Unit
B602
Name________________________________________TG
____
This
guide
has
been
produced
to
give
you
all
the
key
information
you
will
need
to
pass
your
RS
G.C.S.E
The
information
is
laid
out
in
easy
to
read
bullet
points
with
quotations
to
support
the
information.
Each
section
contains
the
teachings
of
Christianity
on
the
units
you
have
covered
in
class.
It
is
important
to
remember
that
there
is
rarely
a
simple
teaching
accepted
by
all
believers,
especially
in
Christianity.
If
you
do
not
understand
any
of
the
words
or
information
it
is
important
that
you
look
it
up
or
ask
for
help.
HOW
TO
USE
THIS
GUIDE
The
booklet
has
been
laid
out
clearly
into
different
sections
corresponding
to
the
units
you
have
covered
and
will
answer
in
the
exam.
You
will
find
the
information
laid
out
in
bullet
points.
This
is
the
bare
bones
of
what
you
will
need.
You
must
refer
to
your
exercise
book
and
any
other
revision
guide
(GCSE
BBC
Bitesize
or
revision
books
published
by
OCR)
that
you
have
access
to.
If
you
are
not
familiar
with
any
of
the
terms
used
it
is
important
that
you
ask.
At
the
end
of
each
set
of
bullet
points
you
will
find
a
series
of
quotations.
By
learning
these
you
will
develop
a
better
understanding
of
the
religious
teachings.
Failing
that,
it
is
a
good
idea
to
know
where
the
teachings
come
from,
so
try
to
learn
the
references.
HOW
TO
REMEMBER
There
are
many
different
ways
to
revise
but
the
best
way
is
to
be
active
in
what
you
are
doing.
Dont
just
read
through
your
notes
and
the
guide
Dont
just
pick
it
up,
do
3
minutes
and
then
put
it
down
Dont
leave
everything
to
the
last
minute
Dont
revise
without
breaks
Dont
punish
yourself
if
you
get
something
wrong
Dont
revise
where
you
know
you
will
get
disturbed
Do
make
a
plan
of
what
you
will
revise
and
when
Do
test
the
information
you
have
learned
each
time
Do
give
yourself
rewards
when
you
have
worked
hard
Do
put
up
post
it
notes
around
the
house
containing
key
terms,
dates,
concepts,
etc.
Especially
in
places
you
visit
a
lot,
e.g.
the
fridge,
toilet,
light
switches
etc
Do
play
quiet
music
if
it
helps
you
to
concentrate
Do
tell
your
friends
that
you
are
serious
about
doing
well
Do
get
other
people
to
help
you
parents,
friends
etc
Do
revise
with
friends
if
you
know
that
they
are
serious
too
THE
EXAM
In
the
exam
it
is
important
not
to
panic.
Take
your
time
to
read
through
the
questions
and
select
the
ones
that
you
are
confident
with.
Make
sure
that
you
understand
what
every
part
of
the
paper
is
asking
you.
You
will
have
lots
of
time
to
plan
your
answers
so
dont
just
rush
straight
in.
Set
yourself
30
minutes
for
each
question
and
make
sure
that
you
do
not
over
run.
You
can
always
add
more
at
the
end
if
you
have
time.
Try
to
ensure
you
are
not
repeating
yourself.
Always
write
in
full
sentences.
If
you
are
running
out
of
time
and
have
not
included
everything,
jot
down
in
bullet
points
what
you
wanted
to
say.
You
will
get
credit
for
this.
If
you
have
finished
before
time
is
up,
take
care
to
read
through
your
answers,
correct
any
mistakes
and
add
any
more
information
that
you
may
think
of.
You
must
choose
2
Christianity
questions
from
the
choice
of
3.
Each
question
is
in
5
parts
(a,
b,
c,
d
and
e)
which
add
up
to
24
marks.
A
1
mark.
This
will
ask
for
the
meaning
of
a
religious
word
related
to
the
topic.
One
sentence
will
do.
B
2
marks.
This
will
ask
for
2
facts
about
an
idea
related
to
the
topic
so
be
specific
and
think
in
terms
of
your
knowledge
of
Christianity.
Do
not
over
simplify.
C
3
marks.
This
will
ask
for
a
description
of
Christian
beliefs
about
an
issue.
Try
to
give
3
ideas.
D
6
marks.
More
detail
is
needed
here.
The
examiner
marks
this
answer
on
a
system
of
levels
to
assess
the
quality
of
your
answer.
They
are
looking
for
a
comprehensive
answer,
structure
and
use
of
specialist
(religious)
terms.
E
12
marks.
(Thats
50%
of
the
marks
in
case
you
needed
that
pointing
out)
Again
this
is
marked
on
levels.
You
must
make
sure
you
are
answering
the
question.
A
top
level
answer
will
show
you
have
given
your
opinion
and
explained
your
reasons
for
it
and
included
a
range
of
other
possible
points
of
view.
You
must
also
show
you
know
what
a
possible
Christian
response
would
be.
It
is
a
discussion,
on
paper.
Write
as
much
as
you
possibly
can.
Refer
back
to
the
question
in
your
answer
to
retain
focus
and
you
will
be
fine.
Part
e.
-
12
mark
Question
5.
Level
0
0
No
evidence
submitted
or
response
does
not
address
the
question.
Level
1
1-3
marks
A
weak
attempt
to
answer
the
question.
Candidates
will
demonstrate
little
understanding
of
the
question.
Answers
may
be
simplistic
with
little
or
no
relevant
information
Viewpoints
may
not
be
supported
or
appropriate
Answers
may
be
ambiguous
or
disorganised
There
will
be
little
or
no
use
of
specialist
terms
Errors
of
grammar,
punctuation
and
spelling
may
be
intrusive
Level
2
4-6
marks
A
limited
answer
to
the
question.
Candidates
will
demonstrate
some
understanding
of
the
question.
Some
information
will
be
relevant,
although
may
lack
specific
detail.
Only
one
view
might
be
offered
and
developed
Viewpoints
might
be
stated
and
supported
with
limited
argument/discussion
The
information
will
show
some
organisation
Reference
to
the
religion
studied
may
be
vague
Some
use
of
specialist
terms,
although
these
may
not
always
be
used
appropriately
There
may
be
errors
in
spelling,
grammar
and
punctuation
Level
3
7-9
marks
A
competent
answer
to
the
question.
Candidates
will
demonstrate
a
sound
understanding
o
f
the
question.
Selection
of
relevant
material
with
appropriate
development
Evidence
of
appropriate
p
personal
response
Justified
arguments/different
points
of
view
supported
by
some
discussion
The
information
will
be
presented
in
a
structured
format
Some
appropriate
reference
to
the
religion
studied
Specialist
terms
will
be
used
appropriately
and
for
the
most
part
correctly
There
may
be
occasional
errors
in
spelling,
grammar
and
punctuation
Level
4
10-12
marks
A
good
answer
to
the
question.
Candidates
will
demonstrate
a
clear
understanding
of
the
question.
Answers
will
reflect
the
significance
of
the
issue(s)
raised
Clear
evidence
of
an
appropriate
personal
response,
fully
supported
A
range
of
points
of
view
supported
by
justified
arguments/discussion
The
information
will
be
presented
in
a
clear
and
organised
way
Clear
reference
to
the
religion
studied
Specialist
terms
will
be
used
appropriately
and
correctly
Few,
if
any
errors
in
spelling,
grammar
and
punctuation
Philosophy
modules:
Christianity
entered
the
world
as
a
result
of
Adam
and
Eve
giving
in
to
temptation
in
the
Garden
of
Eden
this
switch
from
a
perfect
world
to
one
containing
evil
is
known
as
The
Fall.
Christianity
teaches
that
every
human
being
was
born
natural
inclination
to
do
wrong
after
the
fall
this
is
the
idea
of
original
sin.
Its
believed
that
this
excludes
us
from
Heaven
unless
were
reconciled
with
God.
Christians
believe
God
created
humans
with
free
will
its
up
to
us
to
choose
whether
we
sin
and
perform
evil
deeds
or
not.
Christianity
has
also
believe
evil
comes
in
human
form
as
Satan
or
the
Devil.
Christians
might
refer
to
someone
who
has
performed
evil
deeds
as
being
possessed
by
the
Devil
(although
this
isnt
modern
Christian
teaching).
In
Christianity
there
are
sins
of
thought
as
well
as
sins
of
action.
Natural Evil
1. This kind of evil and the
suffering that comes with it, is
caused by the world in which
we live and is no ones fault.
2. This includes things like
disease, floods and hurricanes.
3. However many recent natural
disasters may have been
caused by human interference
in the natural world.
Many
people
have
tried
to
define
evil
and
work
out
what
it
is
or
where
it
comes
from.
Evil
and
suffering
may
lead
some
people
to
question
their
belief
in
God
or
even
to
reject
their
faith.
This
might
be
because
they
cant
believe
that
a
God
who
is
good
would
allow
such
things
to
happen
or
because
they
feel
that
their
prayers
are
not
being
answered.
Other
people
might
argue
that
God
cant
be
very
powerful
if
he
is
unable
to
prevent
suffering.
Some
Christians
would
argue
that
most
evil
come
about
because
of
how
we
humans
act.
After
the
Fall
we
have
the
choice
to
do
evil
and
it
is
our
responsibility
not
to
do
so.
Some
Christians
think
that
evil
is
necessary
for
there
to
be
free
will
without
the
choice
of
doing
wrong
what
freedom
is
there?
They
believe
that
there
has
to
be
evil
in
the
world
for
it
to
be
possible
to
do
good.
Many
Christians
believe
that
all
the
suffering
in
the
word
will
in
the
end
come
to
good.
God
has
a
plan.
Coping
with
Suffering
Many
Christians
cope
with
suffering
through
prayer.
RCs
and
Orthodox
Christians
often
pray
for
a
saint
to
intercede
(become
involved)
with
God
on
behalf
of
someone
whos
suffering.
Christians
also
pray
to
God
to
accept
suffering
as
part
of
his
plan.
Think
of
the
story
of
Job
and
how
his
faith
was
tested
by
the
Devil.
Many
Christians
believe
that
when
we
struggle
and
suffer
we
are
closest
to
Jesus
as
he
struggled
on
the
cross.
One
argument
that
Christians
make
for
accepting
suffering
is
that
that
life
is
worthwhile
if
Jesus
chose
to
come
and
share
it
with
us.
Many
Christian
organisations
(like
Christian
Aid)
work
to
alleviate
the
suffering
of
others.
Moral
Guidance
Religious
people
look
in
various
places
to
find
the
truth
about
what
is
right
and
what
God
wants.
Sacred
text
Believers
commonly
look
to
the
Bible
for
moral
guidance.
Some
people
claim
that
the
Bible
was
written
for
a
society
with
different
values
and
should
be
interpreted
to
suit
the
times.
Others
argue
that
theyre
the
Word
of
God
and
should
be
obeyed
to
the
letter.
The
example
of
teachers/prophets
Religious
people
may
also
look
to
the
lives
and
actions
of
teachers
like
Jesus
to
guide
them
along
the
right
path.
Conscience
Your
conscience
is
that
little
voice
in
your
head
telling
you
whats
right
and
what
is
wrong.
Some
believers
argue
that
this
is
the
voice
of
God.
So
we
should
listen
to
it
very
carefully
and
always
trust
what
its
telling
us.
Others
say
it
is
a
result
of
your
upbringing.
8
Exam
questions
a)
b)
c)
d)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is meant by conscience? (1 mark)
Suggest two causes of evil in the world.
(2 marks)
Give three ways in which a Christian might try to behave morally. (3
marks)
Explain why a Christian might say
that suffering is a necessary part of
human life. (6 marks)
You should only help people if you
get something in return. Discuss
this statement. You should include different, supported points of view
and a personal viewpoint. You must refer to Christianity in your answer.
(12 marks)
What is sin? (1 mark)
What is meant by original sin? (2
marks)
Describe the role of conscience in making moral decisions. (3 marks)
Explain why Christians try to follow
the example of Jesus. (6 marks)
will of God Discuss this
Suffering should be accepted as the
statement. You should include different,
supported points of view and a
personal viewpoint. You must refer
to Christianity in your answer. (12
marks)
10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Topic
2:
Religion,
Reason
and
Revelation.
According
to
Christians
there
are
lots
of
ways
to
experience
God.
These
experiences
allow
you
to
know
God.
God
can
reveal
himself
in
many
ways.
Christians
believe
that
the
truth
about
the
world
and
their
rules
for
good
behaviour
were
revealed
to
them
by
God.
These
revelations
were
written
down
in
the
Bible.
Most
Christians
believe
their
scriptures
were
divinely
inspired.
That
is
that
God
revealed
himself
to
the
prophets
and
apostles
who
then
wrote
the
Bible
on
those
experiences.
Revelation
through
mystical
and
religious
experiences.
Prayer
is
an
attempt
to
contact
God
directly.
It
usually
involves
words
and
can
be
thought
of
as
a
conversation
with
God.
A
person
might
feel
the
presence
of
God
in
an
answered
prayer.
Meditation
a
believer
clears
his
or
her
mind
of
distractions
and
focuses
on
God.
This
could
involve
repetitive
prayer,
reading
scripture
or
fasting.
It
doesnt
need
to
be
in
a
place
of
worship.
Meditation
can
result
in
vision
and
voices
as
the
believer
draws
closer
to
God.
Some
people
believe
miracles
occur
today
and
that
these
miracles
show
Gods
power
and
presence.
Religious
Ecstasy
these
experiences
range
from
singing,
dancing,
shaking
or
crying
during
worship
to
speaking
in
tongues,
having
visions
or
prophesying.
Sacramental
Rituals
rituals
in
which
Christians
believe
God
makes
his
presence
felt
directly.
According
to
RCs
there
are
7
sacraments,
baptism,
confirmation,
reconciliation,
Eucharist,
ordination
(becoming
a
priest),
marriage
and
anointing
of
the
sick.
In
the
Eucharist,
RCs
believe
in
transubstantiation.
11
Jesus
Most
Christians
believe
that
the
Jewish
prophets
spoke
for
God
but
they
believe
that
God
revealed
himself
fully
in
the
person
of
Jesus.
Christians
believe
he
was
both
fully
God
and
fully
human.
Jesus
teachings
were
written
down
during
his
life
and
passed
on
in
the
Gospels.
They
include
the
Sermon
on
the
Mount
(Matthew
5
-7,
Read
this
and
you
will
find
tonnes
of
Bible
quotes
to
put
in
many
of
the
essays)
which
many
believe
is
Christs
most
important
revelation.
In
Jesus
death
and
resurrection.
Christians
believe
Jesus
showed
his
divine
nature
to
man.
The
Bible
The
Bible
is
a
collection
of
books
in
different
styles
and
languages
written
over
a
period
of
at
least
1000
years.
Its
also
the
Christians
scripture
meaning
to
Christians
it
is
sacred.
The New Testament (NT)
The Old Testament (OT)
The NT is specifically Christian.
The OT is the Jewish and Christian
scripture. Written in Hebrew and
Written in Greek in the 1st Century
Aramaic, its 39 books include the
CE, its 27 books include the 4
creation story, the books of Law,
Gospels, the Acts of the apostles,
the 10 commandments, various
13 letters by St Paul, 8 other
letters and the Revelation of St
histories, prophecy, poetry and
John an apocalyptic vision.
psalms.
The
Bible
as
a
Guidebook
Christians
accept
the
Bible
as
authoritative
in
forming
their
beliefs
and
guiding
their
actions.
1. Christians
believe
the
Bible
offers
directions
for
living
a
moral
life.
It
presents
JC
as
our
example
for
godly
living
and
teaches
that
we
best
love
God
by
showing
love
to
others.
2. Both
the
OT
and
the
NT
include
rituals
for
worship,
large
parts
of
which
are
still
included
in
modern
worship
service.
3. The
faith
of
the
RCC
is
based
largely
on
the
scriptures
but
eh
RC
tradition
and
the
Magisterium
(the
teachings
of
the
Pope)
are
also
very
important.
The
Protestant
Churches
claim
their
authority
mainly
from
the
scriptures.
4. Different
Christians
interpret
the
Bible
in
different
ways.
12
Literalism:
Many
Christians
believe the Bible
literally, Jesus really did
walk on water.
Conservative
View: This view is probably the most common
Liberal: Liberals believe it
among Christians.
They believe that the Bible was inspired by
can be read symbolically.
God but not
dictated. Readers must use their intelligence and
the guidance
from the Holy Spirit to understand the writers
intelligence.
Exam
questions
a) Name one Christians scripture (1 mark)
b) State two types of revelation (2 marks)
c) Describe how Christians might experience God. (3 marks)
d) Explain the importance of scripture to Christians. (6 marks)
Gods existence. Discuss this
e) One persons experience cannot prove
statement. You should include different,
supported points of view and a
personal viewpoint. You must refer to
Christianity in your answer. (12
marks)
(1 mark)
a) What does the word revelation mean?
texts? (2 marks)
(b) What is meant by scriptures or sacred
(c) What do Christians mean by revelation?
(3 marks)
(d) Explain the importance for Christians of their sacred texts. (6 marks)
(e) Sacred texts are too old to be useful. Discuss this statement. You should
include different, supported points of
view and a personal viewpoint. You
must refer to Christianity in your answer.
. (12 marks)
a) What is meditation? (1 mark)
b) What is meant religious experience? (2 marks)
c) Describe the role of Jesus in the revelation
of God to Christians. (3 marks)
d) Explain why Christians believe that Jesus
was more than a prophet. (6
marks)
e) Scripture is the literal word of God Discuss
this statement. You should
include different, supported points of view and a personal viewpoint. You
must refer to Christianity in your answer.
(12 marks)
13
Genesis
1:1
In
the
beginning
God
created
1. Christian
thinking
is
based
the
Heavens
and
the
Earth.
on
the
idea
that
God
created
everything.
If
the
Bible
is
taken
literally
the
process
took
6
days
and
humankind
didnt
evolve
but
is
descended
from
Adam
and
Eve.
People
who
believe
this
literally
are
called
creationists.
2. However
it
can
also
be
viewed
as
a
symbolic
description
of
a
more
gradual
evolution.
E.g.
some
argue
a
day
is
not
24
hours
but
a
period
of
time.
This
means
its
possible
to
believe
in
the
Big
Bang
and
the
Bible.
3. In
1996
the
Roman
Catholic
Church
accepted
the
Big
Bang
theory.
Most
Christians
believe
in
these
key
principles
The
creation
of
the
world
was
not
an
accident
but
intended.
God
created
the
world
and
everything
in
it
for
a
purpose
The
world
was
created
perfect
Humans
were
created
in
the
image
of
God
and
given
responsibilities
within
the
world.
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15
Environmental
Issues
Problems
in
the
world
include
global
warming,
deforestation,
extinction,
pollution
and
scarcity
of
natural
resources.
Stewardship
God
put
humans
in
charge
of
the
earth
to
care
for
it.
1. Christians
of
all
denominations
believe
that
God
gave
us
the
Earth
but
expects
us
to
care
for
it
stewardship.
2. There
is
pressure
on
governments
and
companies
to
sell
goods
and
services,
even
at
the
expense
of
the
environment.
Although
it
can
be
difficult
to
balance
taking
care
of
the
Earth
with
providing
for
humankind,
this
is
what
Christians
must
try
to
do.
3. Christianity
teaches
that
everything
is
interdependent
so
driving
a
species
of
animal
or
plant
to
extinction
or
harming
the
planet
eventually
ends
up
harming
us.
4. Christian
organisations
CAFOD,
Christian
Aid,
are
concerned
with
putting
this
responsibility
into
practice.
16
Exam
Questions
a) What is meant by the origins of humanity?
(1 mark)
b) State two uses of animals that some
Christians might find
unacceptable. (2 marks)
c) Give three reasons why some Christians believe we should care for the
environment. (3 marks)
how the world began. (6 marks)
d) Explain what Christians believe about
e) Scientific theories and Christian teachings
have nothing in common.
Discuss this statement. You should
include different, supported points
of view and a personal viewpoint. You must refer to Christianity in your
answer. (12 marks)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
What is stewardship? (1 mark)
Give two examples of environmental
issues. (2 marks)
What are the main scientific theories
concerning how the world and
humanity began? (3 marks)
Explain why some Christians might
not accept scientific theories about
the origin of the world. (6 marks)
The world is ours to treat as we like.
Discuss this statement. You
should include different, supported
points of view and a personal
viewpoint. You must refer to Christianity in your answer. (12 marks)
What is evolution? (1 mark)
State two ways in which animals are
use by humans.(2 marks)
Briefly describe the Big Bang theory
of the origin of the universe. (3
marks)
Explain why most Christians care for the planet. (6 marks)
God created the universe and everything
in it. Discuss this statement.
You should include different, supported
points of view and a personal
viewpoint. You must refer to Christianity
in your answer. (12 marks)
17
Glossary
Authority
the
idea
that
something
has
power
or
influence
over
people
in
some
way.
Bible
The
Book
of
the
Holy
Scriptures
for
Christians.
It
contains
the
Old
Testament
(the
Hebrew
Bible)
and
the
New
Testament.
Conscience
An
inner
feeling
of
whats
right
&
wrong.
Some
believers
think
that
its
the
voice
of
God.
Conversion
A
form
of
religious
experience
that
changes
someones
beliefs
or
behaviour.
Creation
The
act
of
making
something
or
the
thing
that
has
been
made.
In
RS
this
usually
refers
to
the
creation
of
the
Universe
by
God.
Dominion
the
idea
that
humans
have
control
and
responsibility
of
the
earth.
Evil
The
bad
things
that
happen
in
the
world
and
the
suffering
they
cause,
or
the
force
that
makes
them
happen.
Evolution
The
process
by
which
life
changes
form
over
millions
of
years
to
adapt
to
its
environment.
Genesis
The
first
book
of
the
Bible
containing
the
stories
of
creation.
The
Fall
Adam
&
Eves
breaking
of
Gods
commandments,
and
the
expulsion
from
the
Garden
of
Eden.
Job
A
character
in
the
Bible
whos
faith
is
tested.
Literalism
The
belief
that
everything
in
religious
scripture
is
literally
true.
Meditation
A
form
of
religious
discipline
that
involves
clearing
the
mind
of
distractions
often
by
focussing
on
prayer.
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