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Transformer Industry in India
Transformer Industry in India
Market Drivers
Power Generation Capacity augmentation and Power T&D infrastructure expansion to
be in-line with Power generation capacity addition. According to the 12th plan, INR
1200K-1300K Crores likely to be invested in the power sector. This spending on the
power sector is expected to be equally distributed between generation and T&D.
Spending on Power T&D infrastructure is expected to boost demand for transformers
Commercial (AT&C) losses at the distribution level and improve the financial
health of the State Electricity Boards (SEBs)
These reforms are expected to significantly affect demand for transformers over
the next 4 to 5 years.
PROCESS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
FABRICATION OF TANKS
CORE Assembly
Coil winding
Core coil assembly
Tank-up
Transformer tank paint and finishing
Fabrication of tanks
Transformer tanks are fabricated in this department. Fabrication include cutting
of sheets, straightening, bending, welding of sheets and parts of tank .It has three sub
shop
1.Sheet cutting
2.Machine shop
3.Welding shop
Machine shop has following machine
CNC Hypertherm automation
Machine
it is used for cutting metal based on design automatically .Gas used methane hydrogen
operating plasma system completes an electric circuit between the torch and the work
piece. Specification microprocessor control system Model FINCUT DPRail length
10000mmRail garage 3500mmInput voltage 220v ac Total power 5000VA
ii) Solid Bushing (through stem type)
Through stem protruding out of porcelain on either side is provided with nuts and
washers to take windings lead on one side and supply cable on the other side. Bushing
is completely sealedon one end for oil tightness. b) Outdoor through stem type porcelain
bushings.c) Cable box type porcelain bushings.d) Cable box type epoxy bushings.
COOLING OF TRANSFORMER
.Cooling of the transformer is the most important for itsdurability.As the rating increases
better cooling techniquesare needed. Simple air cooling of the transformers isadopted in
dry type transformers. The limit for this isreached by the time the rating is a few
kVA.This method of cooling is termed as AN(Air Natural). Air Blast(AB) methodimproves
on the above by directing the blast of air at thecore and windings. ON (Oil Natural)
This method permits theincrease in the surface available for the cooling further bythe
use of ducts, radiators etc.OB(Oil Blast) method is animprovement over the ON-type
.and it directs a blast of airon the cooling surface. In the above two cases the flow of
oilis by natural convective forces. OFN (Oil Forced Natural)inthis a forced blast of oil is
employed.When there is blast of air,the cooling method become OFB(Oil Forced Blast).
Aforced circulation of oil through a radiator is done with ablast of air over the radiator
surface. Next comes OFWwhich is similar to OFB except that instead of blast of air
aforced circulation of cool water in the radiator is used in this.
Cooling System Capacity Cooling equipment
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Self-cooling type(ONAN) 30,000kVA or below Panel-type radiatorsForced-aircooledtype (ONAF) 30,000kVA~150.000kVA Panel-type radiatorsand cooling
fansForced-oil, forced-aircooledtype (OFAF) 150,000kVA or more Unit cooler or paneltyperadiator, andInstallation of cooling fans and pumps
PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMER OIL
Even though the basic functions of the oil used intransformers are a) heat conduction
and b) electricalinsulation, there are many other properties which make aparticular oil
eminently suitable. Organic oils of vegetative oranimal origin are good insulators but
tend to decomposegiving rise to acidic by-products which attack the paper orcloth
insulation around the conductors.Mineral oils are suitable from the point of
electricalproperties but tend to form sludge.The properties that arerequired to be looked
into before selecting an oil fortransformer application are as
follows:Insultingproperty.Viscosity PuritySludge formation.Flash point And Fire point
Flash point of anoil is the temperature at which the oil ignites spontaneously. This must
be as high as possible (not less than 160
C fromthe point of safety). Fire point is the temperature at whichthe oil flashes and
continuously burns. This must be veryhigh for the chosen oil (not less than 200
.
PAINTING AND FITTINGS
:
The entire procedure of painting is done under two stages:
1.
Cleaning of tanks The cleaning of tank is done normally by chipping/grinding. The
outside surface of the tank is short blasted to achieve avery fine and smooth finish.
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2.
Painting of tanksAfter cleaning the tanks, a coat of hot oil resistence paint isapplied on
the internal surface of the tank. The outside surface is painted with a coat of Red
Oxideprimer and subsequently with one coat of enamel paint as per customer's
requirement.Fittings and accessories as per customer's specification anddrawing are
checked. Air Pressure test is subjected to avoidany leakage and seepage on all
transformer.Transformersare filled with oil upto the minimum level marking, wherever