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15

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-
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26
,
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34
- TiO2
CdS,

.., .., .. .................................................................... 40
CdTe
.., .. ...........................................................................................
46
- MnSe - H2O
.., .., .. ..................................................................... 52
n-
.., .., .., . ................... 56

.., .. ............................................................................... 59
CdTe:V
. ., . ., . . .........................................................
65
SiO2/CdTe
.., .., .. .......................................................................
70

.., .. ............................................................................................
76
CdSb
.., .. ................................................................................................... 80
-
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89

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544.475:543.632.542

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. ,
. - N- ,
3--5,6-.
: , , .
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.

()
() (
(), () 2,4- ())
(-
N- (V) 3-5,6-(V)), :
CH
NH
NH2
CH
N
OH
NH
C
S
NH2
CH
NH
NH2
C
S
OH
OH
N
N
NH
NH2
CH3
V
CH3
C
NH
NH2
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.

().

363 . 11,5 , ,
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1.
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. . . 422.: . , 2008
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1
.
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/
k103, -1
1.
2,5
7,8
2.
5,0
9,2
3.
4.
10,0
15,0
10,4
7,1
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.

2,4-
2,4-
2,4-
2,4-
N-
N-
N-
N-
N-
3--5,6-
3--5,6-
3--5,6-
3--5,6-
3--5,6-
20,0
2,5
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
2,5
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
2,5
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10,0
15,0
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5,0
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14,5
4,5
5,2
5,8
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7,0
3,32
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9,6
7,9

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2,6
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12,5
12,2

.

.

,
,
( 2,4-), .

,
(2,5 20) 10-3 /.
(. 1).
(. 1),

, .
k , -
[]103, /
. 1.

: (1),
(2) 2,4- (3). =
363 , [] = 0,12 /

(15 20)
10-3 / ( 1., 3).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....

(. 1, 2).
2,4-- k ,

(5 10) 10-3 /,

(15 20) 10-3 /.

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,

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k
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,

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- N- 3--5,6-.
. 2.

3--5,6 (1), -
N- (2).
=363 , [] = 0,12 /
(.2),

.
,
, . N-
, 3--5,6. ,
3--5,6- 510-3 /. - N- (5,0 10) 10-3 /
.
- N- , .

. - N- 3-5,6- ,
, , - , . ,

.
. (. 2).
(. 2),
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.
, (. 2) ,
,
.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....

2

[]=0.12/, V=15, = 363
..
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

.
.

(IV) .

.
30 .
().
.

.
.
( ,
2,4-).
,
.
.
,
: <
< 2,4-.
- N , 3--5,6-.

,
.
[]103,
/
2,5
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
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5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
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k103, -1
14,5
3,0

3,6
5,0

5,0
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8,0
5,0
2,25
1. .., .. .

,
// ... 1999.
.185. 11. . 9 11.
2. .., .., ..,
.., ..

//
... 1995. .29. 1.
.36 39.
3. .., .., ..,
..,
..,
..
4-
//
... 2000. .34. 25. .
21 23.
4. .., ,
.., .., ..
,

()
// ...
1991. 12. . 40 45.
5. , , ,
. , ,

(), (),
(), ()
// . .
. 1991. . 36. 5. C. 1240
1243.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....
6. .., ..

// . : . .
. 307: . : , 2006.
.70 74.
7.
..,
..

// .
: . . . 364:
. : , 2007. .67 72.
Summary
Andriychuk Y.M., Lyavynets O.S., sinds V.O.
Kinetics consequences of cumol hydroperoxide decomposition in presence
of thiosemicarbazones of aromatic aldehydes
We have investigated the decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide in the presence of thiosemicarbazones
of
aromatic
aldehydes
(benzaldehyde,
2-hydroxybenzaldehyde,
2,4-hydroxybenzaldehyde),
thiosemicarbazone of N-methylisatin and thiosemicarbazone of 3-acetyl-5,6-benzocoumarine. The
experiments showed higher inhibiting qualities of investigated thiosemicarbazones.
10
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .
544.723:[543.544 416.4](546.47/.732/.742)

..,* ..,** ..**
*
** .
- Cr3+ r42-
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. ,
.
: , , , .

. [1-2] ,

.
,
, ,

. .
, () 2-
, (V)
1- .

- , , .
, . .

2-5 /3 . ,
5 /3 ,
, 15-50 /3 [3].

.
Cr(VI), r(), r r() .
.
. , ,
,
.

.
.
' .

Cr(VI)
;
: , , " " [3].
[4,5] ,
,
.
[6,7] . [8],

.

r3+ r42- -.
,

1, 2,5 , 5 .
Cr(CH3COO)3 Na2CrO4,
. , [9] ()
0,5/3,
(V) 0,1/3.
(. 1 2).
: (L)
() :
L = (1-/0)-r%;
= (1- L/100),
0 r3+
r42- ;
(/3);

r3+ r42- -
,(/3); -
1,0; 2,5; 5,0.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
11
.., .., .. .
1
r3+ r42-
r3+
r42-

1
2,5
5
1
2,5
5
,
L,%
80,4
79,5
75,2
79,1
70,0
68,1
, /3
0,098
0,256
0,620
0,021
0,075
0,159
/
0,196
0,51
1,24
0,21
0,75
1,59
2
r3+ r42- , 7500
r3+
r42-

1
2,5
5
1
,
L,%
89,6
84,5
84,0
42,0
, (. 1 2)

r3+ r42-,

:
1.
.
-.
2. ( ) ,
7500,
().
, 7500,
r3+ 5
/ < 1 (.2).
3. -
r3+
- . ,
, /3
0,052
0,194
0,400
0,29
/
0,26
0,39
0,80
2,9
r42- 5
29,5%.

- (.1).
, , -
, . ,

, , , -
4,68 [10].
r(3)3 N2r4,
,

.
r3+ -
( 2 3,
. 1).
. 1. 1 .
.1 - r42- (); .2 r3+ (); . 3 r3+ (, 750).
12
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .
,

+ - . ,
-
,
r3+.
r42-~
,
( 1, .1),
-.
,
N2r4 7,2,
,
.

-. ,
(. 1 2),
, .
,
. ,
[11] ,
(900-1000)
Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
' ,

: =0,943 ; =0,688 .
,

, ,
,
.
(.2),

Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
3+
2,5-10,0 / .
,
-
10000 ( 1,8 5,6 )
3+.
[12,13] ,
-
2+ , 043- ,
042- -. 2+,

.

, .

. '

3+ r42-

105 1000.
(. 3 4).
.3. 3+ r42-
, 1050
2,5 /3 ;
- 24
.2.

3+
3+ ,
/3: 1 - 2,5; 2 - 5,0; 3 - 10,0 ( - 24 )
(. 3 4)
, 3+ r42 ,
.
- - (
105) 3+ 2
, -.

1000
(.4). -
. . . 422.: . , 2008
13
.., .., .. .
.4. Cr3+ r42-

1000 (
2,5 /3 ; - 24 )
-
Cr3+, 8,8
r42-.
,
Cr3+ r42
.
1. ..
. .:
, 1981. 302 .
2. .., ..,
.., ..
// . 2003. 3. . 55-57.
3. . V-VIII : . .: , 1989. 592 .
4. .., ..

//
. 2002. . 24,
6. . 535-545.
5. ...

// . . . 2003.
.69, 11. . 17-20.
6. .., ..,
.., ..

. 1.
//
. 2005. 1. . 157-159.
7. .., ..,
.. . 3.
//
.
2005. 4. . 130-133.
8.
..,
..

-
//. . : . .
. . 364: . : ,
2007. .123-127.
9. .., ..
.
- // . 1999.
11(19). .52-25
10. ..
// . .
. 2000. . 66, 6. . 106-108.
11. .., . .
100-1600 // .
. . - 1990. - . 35, 5. . 13371339.
12. .., .., ..

//
. 1999. .35,
9. .1108-1112.
13. .., ..,
.., ..

. 1.
//
. - 2005. -1.-. 157-159.
Summary
Bilocopita H.M., Voloschuk A.H., Kobasa I.M.
Sorption of Chrome Ionic Forms on Calcium Hydroxylapatite
The sorption of ions r3+ and r42- on dispersive samples of Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 has been studied by
method of atomic-absorbing analysis. It was shown that the sorption degree of ions is determined by their
nature and depends on the conditions of previous thermal treatment of calcium hydroxylapatite.
14
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. ....
544.6

..1, ..1, ..2
1

2

,
. - , : , ,
, - .
: , - , .

1,46109 3, 0,025%
[1].
,
.
31106 3 ( 2%
) , ,
, , .
0,6-1,0 %
(,
, ).

.
.
,

(, , , ),
(),
.

, .

,
,
- .

- , . .

,
2008 .
2448180 [2].
20-30 50-80
.
, , -

. , - , , Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe i Mn.

- [3],
. 200

, ,
.
2
3 ( )
.
1 9

.

- -120,

.
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
[3,4].
'
- . - , ' -
. . . 422.: . , 2008
15
.., .., .. ....
2300-2600 , 200
750 , .
.
'

0,01 10 /: u - 0,005, Ni 0,0012, - 0,01, - 0,006, Zn - 0,0003.
, : Pb - 283.3, Cu - 324.8, Cd -228.8,
Ni -232.0, Co - 240.7, Cr - 357,9, Zn - 213.9, Mn
- 279.5, Fe - 248.3. ii
i .
, ,
[5]:
RZ =
C
C
i i
; i.

,
,
. ,
,
, ,
.
, -
,
,
pH,
,
-,
(. 1, 2).
-

.
(. 3).

.
1
- , . -
1.
2.
3.
4.
7,9
7,4
7,8
8,0
, /3
0,45
0,75
0,75
0,30
-
(NO2-), /
0,020
0,004
0,020
0,020

, /
0,04
0,04
0,04
0,04
7,7
0,56
0,016
0,04
2
- , .
, /3
-
(NO2-), /

, /
1.
2.
3.
4.
8,0
7,9
7,3
8,0
0,90
0,90
0,55
0,35
0,002
0,001
0,002
0,001
0,08
0,04
0,08
0,08
7,8
0,67
0,0015
0,07
3
16
, /3
-
(NO2-), /

, /
1.
2.
3.
4.
6,9
7,0
6,8
7,0
0,06
0,07
0,05
0,08
0,004
0,002
0,004
0,004
0,04
0,08
0,08
0,04
6,9
0,065
0,0035
0,06
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. ....
(. 1-3)
,
6,9-7,8.
. , 0,3
0,90 /3.

0,065 /3.
,
-
0,0015
0,0035 / - 0,04-0,07 /
.
-

(. 4-6).
4
, . -
1
2
3
4
Zn
=8%
0,055
0,035
0,039
0,029
0,031
0,028
0,043
0,029
0,039
0,030
1,000
Cu
=9%
0,009
0,008
0,007
0,004
0,005
0,004
0,005
0,003
0,006
0,004
0,100
, /
Cr
Pb
Mn
=6%
=6%
=3%
0,018
0,056
0,041
0,017
0,051
0,029
0,017
0,039
0,029
0,013
0,024
0,016
0,014
0,065
0,024
0,009
0,045
0,022
0,016
0,047
0,008
0,011
0,041
0,007
0,016
0,052
0,026
0,012
0,040
0,018
0,500
0,030
0,100
Fe
=3%
0,098
0,076
0,038
0,031
0,203
0,176
0,181
0,127
0,130
0,103
0,300
Ni
=6%
0,013
0,011
0,012
0,006
0,038
0,028
0,044
0,029
0,028
0,018
0,100
5
, .
1
2
3
4
Zn
0,043
0,037
0,040
0,037
0,039
0,033
0,034
0,029
0,039
0,034
1,000
Cu
0,015
0,009
0,007
0,004
0,007
0,005
0,009
0,006
0,009
0,006
0,100
, /
Cr
Pb
Mn
0,022
0,046
0,068
0,014
0,042
0,049
0,007
0,022
0,014
0,005
0,018
0,006
0,013
0,035
0,02
0,009
0,026
0,015
0,005
0,031
0,016
0,003
0,022
0,009
0,012
0,034
0,029
0,008
0,027
0,020
0,500
0,030
0,100
Fe
0,365
0,288
0,129
0,097
0,222
0,127
0,115
0,053
0,208
0,141
0,300
Ni
0,088
0,065
0,036
0,031
0,052
0,046
0,012
0,008
0,047
0,037
0,100
6
1
2
3
4
Zn
0,183
0,145
0,191
0,176
0,178
0,165
0,184
0,159
0,184
0,161
1,000
Cu
0,028
0,016
0,013
0,008
0,022
0,015
0,025
0,013
0,022
0,013
0,100
, /
Cr
Pb
Mn
0,016
0,015
0,374
0,009
0,009
0,321
0,028
0,023
0,307
0,015
0,015
0,274
0,019
0,018
0,354
0,012
0,012
0,325
0,024
0,024
0,343
0,015
0,017
0,331
0,021
0,020
0,344
0,012
0,013
0,310
0,500
0,030
0,100
. . . 422.: . , 2008
Fe
0,761
0,706
0,243
0,217
0,654
0,563
0,724
0,653
0,595
0,534
0,300
Ni
0,052
0,045
0,024
0,020
0,043
0,028
0,039
0,023
0,039
0,029
0,100
17
.., .., .. ....

.
,
.

.
-

, ,
,
.

,
(.1.).

, . , . ,
.
,/
0,6
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0
Fe
Mn
Zn
Cu
Ni
Pb
Cr
. 1.
(. 4-6 . 1.) ,

Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu

.

, Pb Ni. ,
,

,
, Pb.
Mn Fe
,
(
/ ).
,
.
Fe

.

(Rz)
() .
(. 7).
(. 7)
,
.
,
,
. , 2,7,
,
6,9.
,
(Pb, Fe, Ni)
,
.
,
Mn Fe,

.
7
(Rz) ()
18
Zn
Cu
Cr
Rz
Pb
Mn
Fe
Ni
. -
0,1
0,1
0,1
1,7
0,3
0,4
0,3
2,8
0,1
0,1
0,1
1,1
0,3
0,7
0,5
2,7
0,2
0,2
0,1
0,7
3,4
1,9
0,4
6,9
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. ....
,
. -,
Cr, Pb, Cu,
Ni, Zn, Fe i Mn. ,
,
, .
, Zn, Cr, Cu Ni

. Pb, Mn Fe,
: Pb 0,040 /, Mn
0,344 / Fe 0,534 /.
1. .., .., ..
. .: ,
1995. 308 .
2. 17.15.05-85. .
.
,
.
, 1987.
3.
.,
.
. .: , 1983.
141 .
4. - 115-5.
. 2.851.034.
04.
5.
.
. ., 1999. 52 .
Summary
Bilogolovka V.T., Kobasa I.M., Tsimbalyuk V.V.
Monitoring of the ecological state of the internal waters and river Prut
of the city Chernivtsi
The ecological state of water objects of internal ponds and the river Prut, which flows in the area of the
city Chernivtsi was studied. Such the physical and the chemical parameters of waters as pH, concentration of
ammonia, of nitrites ions and compounds of heavy metals have been investigated.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
19
.., .., .. .....

581.1.631: 811.98

.., .., ..

.
.
.
: , , , , , .

.
,
. ,
. ,
[1].
[2].
,
, [35].

.
-
,
.
,
4-, 4, 4-.
4'--4-(). 4,6 (0,01

) () 0,2
40

1 .
,
100 8 .
,
. .. 98 100. 2,25 (37%). % : S
10,23; 4,78. 31277S2. % : S
10,57; P 5,1.
2,4- 4'--4- (V).

5 (0,01 )
(III) 50 2 (0,01 )
2,4-.
2 .
50 .
,
.
.. 110 112 . 4.1 (59,3%).
% : 1 5,23; 4,12; N 7,34.
3932N44. % : 1 5,16; P 4,5;
N 8,15.
-4- (). 3 (0,015 ) 4- 4 (0,015 )

3 100 110 .

30 .
80 . ,
, , ,
.
.. 120 122 (). 3,62
(52%). %: 1 7,14; 6,01. 31261.
% : Cl 7,63; P 6,66.
20
4'--4- (). 4,6 (0,01 )

() 30
, 0,8 (0,01 ) 1,3 (0,01 )
.
1,5
.
, 100
. 8-10 ,
,
. .. 124-1260 . 2,15
(42,7%). %: 1 6,87; 5,45.
33281. % : Cl 6,99; P 6,11.
-4-
(V). 3 (0,015 ) 4--
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....
1,5 (0,015 )
10 2 .
,
.
. .. 165 167 . 3,05
(67,6%). %: 1 11,12; N 4,12.
19261N. % : Cl 11,66; N 4,6.
N-(-4-)-5,6- (V). 3 (0,015 ) 4 2,7 (0,015 ) 5,6 10 2
. , , ,
. ..
235 (.). 4,3 (74,5%). %
: 1 9,12; N 3,44. 26201N. % :
Cl 9,28; N 3,67.
-4- (VI). 2,75 (0,01 )
4- 2,6 (0,01 )
50
2 .

. .. 140 142 .
2.8 (52%). % : Br 14,55; 5,0.
3226BrP. % : Br 14,87; P 5,76.
-4- (VI). 5,4

(0,01 ) (VII), 0,7 (0,01
) , 0,7 10
2 . ,
.
10 50
. , , ,

. .. 185 187 . 1,7
(30%). % : Br 14,23; N 2,44.
3227BrN. % : Br 14,47; N 2,53.
n- (), 2,4- (X) (X)
(VI1) .
,
(. 1).
-4-
(I).
5,4 (0,01 ) (VII)
0,9 (0,01 ) 10
2 .
50
. ,
. .. 190
192 (.). 2,1 (34,5%).
%: Br 12,56; N 2.12. 3329BrNS.

% : Br 13,09; N 2,29.
4'--4- (I). 3
(0,01 ) 4'--4-
2,62 (0,01 ) 30
2 .
,
. .. 90 92 . 3,8 (67,5%).
% : Br 13,77; 5.11 . 3328Br2.
% : Br 14,08; P 5,46.
-4-
(V). 2,33 (0,01 ) 4-, 2,62 (0,01 )
0,65 (0,005 )
3 100 120.
20 .
50 .
. .. 175 177. 1,85
(37%). % : Br 16,01; 6,2. 3024Br.
% : Br 16,13; P 6,25.
4'--4- (V).
() 4,95
(0,01 ) (V) 1 (0,01
) .
.. 165-167 . 3,25 (55 %).
% : S 10,45; 5,12. 30257S2. %
: S 10,82; 5,23.
4'--4- (V). () 4,95 (0,01)
( V). .. 187-1890.
3.4 (65 %). % : Br 14,45;
5,45. 3226Br. % : Br 14,87; % :
P 5,76.
-4,4-
(VII). 3,12 (0,01 ) 4,4', 5,25 (0,02 ) 0,65 (0,005 )
3 100 120. 20
. 70 . , . ..142 - 145.
3.12 (37,5%). % : Br 18,67;
7,55. 4838Br22. % : Br 19,1; P 7,4.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
21
.., .., .. .....

1.
, -4-
2P Ph3 Br
R
, %
, %
, %
.., C
VI
52,6
120-122
5,55
14,55
C32H26BrP
5,76
14,87
VII
N-OH
30
185-187
5,12
2,44
14,23
C32H27BrNO
5,61
2,53
14,47
64,5
160-162
4,42
6,16
11,6
C38H31BrN3O2
4,61
6,25
11,88
44,8
135-137
3,92
7,68
11,32
C38H30BrN4O4
4,32
7,81
11,14
72,7
125-127
5,15
6,87
13,22
C33H29BrN3O
5,2
7,07
13,44
35
190
(.)
4,86
6,55
12,96
C33H29BrN3S
5,07
6,88
13,09
IX
N NH
NO2
N NH
NO2
Br
Br
NO2
XI
N NH N2
N NH N2
S

[6].

: , ,

.

[7],
[8 ].

4-
3-
() (
30%)
90-1000
.
+
CH2PPh3Cl
CH2Cl + PPh3
22
() ,
,
. -
220 265
,
. - ()
1400,
1100, 100, 970 840 -1,
,
.
,
.
4- .

4,41
.
, ()

. 4
-.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....

N(C2H5)3
+
CH2PPh3Cl
+
CH2N(C2H5)3Cl
V
CH2Cl
H2SO4
+
CH2PPh3SO4H
HSO3
5,6-
CH2 N+
CH3COCl
AlCl3
VI
()
(1),
.
(). ,

4-.
4- (). -
1400,
1100, 950 840 -1,
,
1620 -1.
() ,
4--41-
-.
()
2,4- (1)
2.4- .
NO2
+
CH2PPh3l + NH2 NH
NO2
+
CH2PPh3Cl
CH3C
N NH
NO2
NO2
+
CH2PPh3Cl
CH3CO
CH3CO
Cl
IV
,
. 5,6-
.
.

4-
(VII):
O
VII
- (VII)
,
, 220, 260 .
- (VII)
1400, 1100, 100,
970 840 -1, ,
. , (VII)
1675 -1,

.
(VII)
, ,
, 4-- 2,4,

(V - ):
+
C CH2PPh3Br
- (IV)
() () 345-350 ,
C=N
.

4-
5,6-. (V)
4- ,
5,6- (V) -

.
(V) (V1)
. T
,
+
C CH2PPh3Br
C CH2Br + PPh3
H2N-R
- H2O
+
C CH2PPh3Br
N R
V XII
R = OH (VIII), NHC6H4NO2 (IX), NHC6H3(NO2)2 (X),
NHCONH2 (XI), NHCSNH2 (XII).
(V
XII)
- . (.1)
-. , -
(IX) (X)
220 260 ,
345 350 ,
C=N - ,
.
(XII)
4'--4-:
. . . 422.: . , 2008
23
.., .., .. .....

CH3O
C CH2Br
PPh3
+
C CH2PPh3Br
CH3O
[9].
XIII

.
[9]
4-

(XIV), .
+
Br + PPh3
PPh3Br
XIV
(XIV)

4 (XV).
+
- H2SO4
PPh3Br
+
PPh3SO4H
HSO3
XV
(XIV),
().

4 (XV).
XV
+
PPh3Br
+
- CH 3COCl
PPh3Br
CH3CO
AlCl3
XVI
41-

(XV),
4-.
4 .
+
PPh3Br
CH3CO
NH2 NH
NO2
XVI
+
PPh3Br
CH3C
N NH
NO2
XVII
(XVII)
4,4-. ,

.
24
Br
Br + 2PPh3
+
BrPh3P
+
PPh3Br
XVII
(XVII) - , . . ,
-
1400, 1100, 1050, 970 850 -1,
.
.

,

.
(),
. 0,010,005%- ()

70 37% .

.
4-
().

. (V)
.

( )
().
1.

.
2.

.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. .....
3.

:
;
-
;

;

1.
2.
3.
4.
.. . .: , 1995. - 423 .
..
.-.: , 2001.- .2. 608 .

.., ..,
..

// . . .2003. - .7, 3. . 123-127.
..,
..,
.. .// .-. .1995.-.29, 1.-. 49-51.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
.., .., ..

. // . . .

.
. 2002. . 58 59.
.., .,
..

. //
: ...- .307:
. : ,2006. .46-48.
.
. -.: , 1976. .172-174.
..,
..,
..
. -.: ,
1975. - 284.
Horner
L.,
Hoffman
A.
Quartare
arylphosphonium saize nack der Codaltsais
methode // Chem. Ber.- 1958.- P.50-52.
Summary
Bukachuk O., Baranova L. Andriychuk Y.
Onium derivatives of biphenyl potential biological activity substances
It is synthesized new derivatives of biphenyl. Growth regulative activity of obtained substances
regarding the seeds and plants of corn has been investigated. Established connections between a structure
and biological activity.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
25
.., .., .., .. - ....
621. 669.187.001.2
-
,
.., ..*, .., ..

* . .
, Cu-W,
.
.
: , , , -
.

,

.

,

. ( )
. ,
, ,
. ,
,
. -
.

-
,

.
- [1].

,
().

,

.

26

.

Cu-W
.
Cu-W
, 3,
25022010 900
30
[2]. CuW
. 1.
. 1.
CuW

CuW,
0
32,98 % (.).
-

:
-
;
' ;
, ,
(293 ) (873 ) ;

293-1073 .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. - ....
10x10x100 10x10x5
,
, .
, ,
,
.
[3].
[4]. 100 2

() 100 .

20 .
.
.

() [5].
,

,

. ,

,
, .

. '

:
,
,
.
,
,
: 13
0,1
CuW. ' .
,
,
.
0,64 32,98 % (.) (.1).
, -
(
) "m". ' .
, 1%
. ,

(.2).
,
.

(.3).

"", ,
,
.
20,39 % ( ) .

32,98 % , ,
(. 4).

, , , .
, , 55 %.
1
-

1
2
3
4
5
0,64
3,57
8,27
15,23
20,39
. . . 422.: . , 2008
6
32,98
27
.., .., .., .. - ....
. 2. CuW: 0,64 %;
3,57 % W; 20,39 % W
,
, 1 (. 5 , ).
,

.
20% (.)
.

.
'

, ,

(. 5 , ).
,

,
28
. 3. () () Cu
15,23 % W
, ~10% (.)
80%
.

:
, (. 6).
. 6,
, 0,2
. 0,2 W
30,2 % 2,2 %
~32,98 % (.).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. - ....
. 4. CuW
, % (.): - (3,57);
- W
(8,27); - (15,23); -
(32,98)
.6. ,
0,2
CuW
( 1173 ,
1 ) 293
. 7. ,
0,2
CuW
( 1173,
1 ) 873
.5. u32,98
% W - , ;
( ) - ,

CuW 873
1173 1 (. 7).
( 4-5 ) ( 510 )
.

.

.
1-2 (. 1)

, ,
, '
, (. 8).
(15,23
20,39 %), , "",
(. 9,).
( 20,39%) : '

. '
, ,
, .
-
. . . 422.: . , 2008
29
.., .., .., .. - ....
,
,
(. 9,).

,

[6]. , , 873

,
.

0,64-3,57 % (.)
. 10.
,
.
. 8. u
3,57 % W :
, ; , '
. 9. :
(8,27 % W);

(32,98 % W)
,
,
.
-
(773973 ) [5].

873
,
( 45 ),
.

(. 7), 8,27 % .
,
'
, :
,
30
. 10.
- 290 1070
, %() : 0,64;
0,97; 1,47; 2,63; *3,75

, ,
.
,
,
,
100 % 2592781.
,

.

(G),

.
,
CuW
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. - ....

.
:
G (Cu2O) = 29901,95 /;
G (CuO) = 12820,40 /;
G (Cu) = 9931 /;
G (WO3) = 864,29 /.
,
CuW

WO3 Cu2O [6,7].

10 31
%
.

.

.

,
, () ,
, ,
.

.

.

. ,

(.2).
,
.

CuW -
,
.
,

.
,

,
. 20

, Cu-W
(. 11).
. 11. CuW
, % (.): 1 0,64; 2
8,27; 3 15,23; 4 20,39; 5 32,98
,
,

: . ,

: . ,
, ,
,
.
,
, .
2

, % (.)
W
Cu
0,64
3,57
8,27
15,23
20,39
32,98
( )

u, /
W, /
1,299
0,003
0,924
0,006
0,788
0,014
0,687
0,016
0,704
0,018
0,750
0,209
0,014
0,000
. . . 422.: . , 2008
31
.., .., .., .. - ....

.
(
0,008 /),
.

.

.

(. 12).
. 12.
, % (.): , 3,57; 15,23;, 32,98

3, 57 % (.)
(.12 ,).
,
.
15, 23 32,98 %(.)
(. 12 ,)
,

,

. ,
,

.
3,57 % ,
.

"",
32

,
( ,
)
. , ,
32,98 %.

, ,

. : ,
,
,
,
,
.
,

.
1. . .
.
.: , 1998. 162 .
2. ., ..
, . :
., 1983. 230 .
3. . ., . .,
. .
. .: , ,
1980. 208 .
4.

. : -
. . , 1980. 29 .
5. . ., . ., .
. . -

.
2 //
. 2006. 2. . 9
19.
6.
: . / . . .
..: , 1982. 527
.
7. Slade P.G. Arc erosion of tungsten Based
contact Materials. A review // Int.j.of
Refractory & Hard Metals. 1986. V.5.
N4. P. 208 214.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. - ....
Summary
Denisenko V.A., Minakova R.V., Grechanyuk V.G., Grechanyuk I.M.
A structure and physical and chemical properties of materials of compositions is on the
basis of copper and tungsten, got the method by electron beam evaporation
A structure, mechanical properties and corrosive firmness of compositions materials CuW, which are used for
electric contacts, is studied. Influencing of concentration of tungsten is shown in composition on these properties.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
33
.., .., . ., .. ...

546.4824-022.532:539.232
,
,
.., .., . ., ..

. , -
, -CdTe
- .
.
: , , , -
.

,
,

, 10-5-10-6 ,
, [1].

,

.

- .
1993

,
layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition.

[2, 3]. .
,
(, ,
) .
LBL
-,
-

[4].

, ,
34
,
. , (CdS, PbS, TiO2, CdSe, CdTe, MoS2
)
[5, 6]. LBL,
dTe/
[7, 8].
,
( ).
LBL electric field directed layer-by-layer
assembly (EFDLA) [9-11]. EFDLA
. LBL
CdTe [12].
LBL :
,
, , .
LBL
[13].
.
,
,
, .
(10-30 /),

. , 20
10 ,
.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., . ., .. ...

,
,

-.

CdTe
.1.
. 1.
,

:
,

LPT (Line Print Terminal)
IBM- .

,
. ,
4
.

,
.
2 .
IBM
, .

.

,
:
, ,

.
,

.
,

, -
.
,
.

. ,
,

.
: IBM
80286 ,
LPT-, MSDOS 5.0.

CdTe
(1-5)10-3 (
Te2-). Aldrich ()
= 200000 (.2).
0,5 - 2,5% 0,5%, 0,05-0,25 .
+
N
CH3
Cl
3 n
. 2.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
35
.., .., . ., .. ...

7
11 1 NaOH
HCl.

CdTe ;

.
.
:
,
, 10
.
(. H2SO4
. . 30% H2O2 . . .
3:1 )
20-30 .
,
,
.
(.1)
:
1. ()

10 .
2.

1
' 50-70 .
3.
CdTe

dTe 10-15 .
(1-3)

( ).
.

-dTe, ,
. 20 30.
-

Digital Instrument Nanoscope III.

-3
0,5 . .
36
410-600 .

-4.

. CdTe
,

(. 3).

.
. 3. CdTe,

, CdTe,
100 2 .

400 .

. 4.
. 4.
-CdTe,
/-CdTe
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., . ., .. ...
1, 2, 3%.
30.

. 5.
. 5.
/-CdTe,

.

,
,
.

(
).

CdTe
.
3%
.
. 5 ,

. 3% , , ,
-CdTe,
.

,
/-dTe
0.5 .
.

, .
. 6,
-
1 .
CdTe
(. 7), , , .
- CdTe- 18 .
. 6. -
,
(
11 )
)
. 7. /
CdTe, .
: ) 11 , ) 55
. . . 422.: . , 2008
37
.., .., . ., .. ...

,
Latimet,
160 (. 8).
. 9. CdTe,

,
, .
-
. = 10
= 9 ,

. , = 9 10,
.
)
. 8.
: ) ,
)
,
,

.
,

,
.

2% 9, 10 11.

. 9.

(, 9)
( ,
).
= 11
38

-CdTe/. , pH =
11
-c .
,

.
-
-,
. .
. ..
.
1.
..
//
. 1998. .67, 2. . 125 139.
2. Lvov Y. M., Decher G., Mohwald. Assembly,
layer deposited ultrathin films of poly(vinyl
sulphate) and poly(allyamine) // Langmuir.
1993. Vol.9, 2. P.481-486.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., . ., .. ...
3. G. Decher. Fuzzy nanoassemblies: toward

layered polymeric multicomposites // Science.
1997. Vol.277. P.1232-1237.
4. G. Decher, B. Schlenoff. Multilayer thin
films. Wiley-VCH, 2002.690 p.
5. Kotov N. A., I. Decany, J. H. Fendler. Layerby-layer self-assembly of polyelectrolyte
semiconductor nanoparticle composite films //
J. Phys. Chem. 1995. Vol. 99. P.1306513069.
6. P. J. Ollivier, N. I. Kovtyukhova, S. W.
Keller, T. E. Mallouk. Self-assembled thin
films from lamellar metal disulfides and
organic polymers // Chem. Commun. 1998.
P.1563-1564.
7. C. Lesser, M. Gao, S. Kirstein. Highly
luminescent thin films from alternating
deposition of CdTe nanoparticles and
polycations // Mater. Sci. and Eng. C. 1999.
Vol 8-9. P.159162.
8. M. Gao, C. Lesser, S. Kirstein, H. Mohwald,
A. L. Rogach, H. Weller. Electroluminescence
of different colors from polycation/CdTe selfassembled films // J. Appl. Phys. 2000.
Vol.87, 5. P. 2297-2302.
9. J. Sun, M. Gao, J. Feldmann. Electric Field

Directed Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Highly
Fluorescent CdTe Nanoparticles // J. Nanosci.
Nanotech. 2002. Vol.1, 2. P.133-136.
10. J. Sun, M. Gao, M. Zhu, J. Feldmann, H.
Mohwald. Layer-by-layer deposition of
polyelectrolyte/CdTe
nanocrystal
films
controlled by electric field // J. Mater. Chem.
2002. Vol.12. P.1-5.
11. M. Gao, J. Sun, E. Dulkeith, N. Gaponik, U.
Lemmer, J. Feldmann. Lateral Patterning of
CdTe Nanocrystal Films by the Electric Field
Directed Layer-by-Layer Assembly Method //
Langmuir. 2002. Vol.18. P.4098-4102.
12. J. Roither, S. Pichler, M. V. Kovalenko, and
W. Heiss, P. Feychuk and O. Panchuk, J.
Allam and B. N. Murdin. Two- and onedimensional light propagations and gain in
layer-by-layer-deposited colloidal nanocrystal
waveguidesm //Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006.
Vol. 89. P. 1111-20.
13. Z. Tang, Y. Wang, and N. A. Kotov.
Semiconductor Nanoparticles on Solid
Substrates: Film Structure, Intermolecular
Interactions, and Polyelectrolyte Effects. //
Langmuir. 2002. N.18. . 7035-7040.
Summary
Y. Khalavka. O. Kopach, V. Srutynskyy, L. Shcherbak
Preparation of the CdTe nanoparticles-polymer films by the automatic setup for the
layer-by-layer deposition
Preparation of composite films of CdTe-nanoparticles and polyelectrolyte on the solid substrate by the
automatic setup for the layer-by-layer deposition is described. Structure and optical properties of produced
films were studied by AFM, optical microscopy and UV/Vis-spectroscopy. It is shown that CdTe
nanoparticles keep their quantum-size properties in produced composite. Influence of pH and polyelectrolyte
concentration on the optical properties and stability of films are discussed.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
39
.., .., .. - ...

541.145
-
TiO2 CdS,

.., .., ..

,
.
, .
: ,
, .
TiO2,

,
. , ,
,
[1-5].
(), (TiO2 CdS)
-,
() .
, ,
,

[6, 7].
,
,
. ,

()
.
,
()
TiO2 CdS,
,
, ,
40
CdS,

.

TiO2//
CdS//
S = 50,0 2/,
TiCl4 1170-1370
. . S = 4,0 2/,
C40H42ClN3O5
( N-(--n-)4- ),
...,
() ..., 38 %
....
[8]. 10-5 / ,
.
, .
, 0,02-0,2 /.

-46.

-
Perkin Elmer Lambda Bio40 ( )

, (1-R)2/2R, ,
R
, (%).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. - ...

- ,
,
;

.
,
[9], [10],
[11-13]
,

.
[14, 15], -

max
.

-, - -.
,
,

.

- ,
(TiO2// CdS//)
.
[9, 10] ,

.
( )
.

, :
C40H42ClN3O5
(
N-(--n)-4- ), [16].

C40H42ClN3O5
(. 1)
432
603 . [17],

,

S1
, S1.
,
2/3
(..) (..) ,
, , 70 95 .
(..) (..)
C40H42ClN3O5
../.. = 0,75.
(../.) ,

[17]. ..
(../. > 1), ..
(../. < 1).
(../.),
.
0,65
0,60
0,55
0,50
0,45
0,40
0,35

,

: .= (01000)/(1/2S.m),
,
/(2); 0
, (/); 1/2 , (); S.
, (2/); m , ().
0,30
0,25
0,20
0,15
0,10
0,05
0,00
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
. 1.
( = 105 /)

(CdS//)

,
CdS (. 2).
TiO2// (. 3).
,

.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
41
.., .., .. - ...
. 2. CdS//.
- (/): 1
0,019; 2 0,094; 3 0,188; 4 0,94; 5 1,88
. 3. TiO2//
- (/): 1
0,019; 2 0,094; 3 0,188; 4 0,94; 5 1,88

TiO2//, ,
,
, . (. 1),
max .. 5, 4, 3 (
, . 3),
1,88, 0,94, 0,188 /,
, , 483, 490, 485 .
2 1
.

5 (max
590 ), 4 (max 591 )
3 (max 594 ). ,
,
,
,
. , 5 ..
1,2-1,4 ,
, ,
.. . ,
42
../.. .
, 5,
4 3 ../., , , 1,12; 1,19 1,29,
../.= 0,75.

(. .1).
,
, , ,

,

. , ../...
,
(../. = 0,75)
,
, (../. = 1,29)
TiO2//,
0,188 /.

,
.
../. = 1,12 , ,

1,88 / ,

.

TiO2// CdS//

(. 2).
TiO2// CdS//
(. 2) , , -,
, . ,

,
. , ,
,
.
, , ,
,
, (. . 2). , ,

. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. - ...

1
TiO2//
../..
1.
C39H34BrN3O3
2.
C43H42BrN3O3
3.
C47H42BrN3O3
4.
C43H40BrN3O3
5.
C40H42ClN3O5
6.
C40H36BrN3O
7.
C44H44BrN3O
max (..),
..
max (..),
453
456
461
467
472
459
464
471
476
464
464
467
468
449
452
457
462
483
490
485
454
456
457
458
461
464
467
471
465
0,370
0,204
0,053
0,037
0,031
0,442
0,250
0,064
0,021
0,121
0,084
0,039
0,020
0,268
0,176
0,104
0,060
0,190
0,076
0,050
0,194
0,132
0,044
0,043
0,137
0,103
0,068
0,035
0,011
615
617
617
628
632
631
638
640
643
641
625
627
624
631
590
591
594
608
610
620
624
0,309
0,146
0,029
0,356
0,157
0,038
0,304
0,206
0,068
0,046
0,260
0,126
0,054
0,040
0,170
0,064
0,038
0,160
0,101
0,072
0,035
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
5.
4.
3.
2.
5.
4.
3.
2.
5.
4.
3.
2.
5.
4.
3.
5.
4.
3.
2.
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
../..
1,20
1,40
1,83
1,24
1,59
1,68
0,40
0,41
0,57
0,44
1,03
1,40
1,93
1,50
1,12
1,19
1,29
1,21
1,31
1,90
2,94
* - TiO2//, /: 1 0,019, 2 0,094, 30,188, 4 0,94, 5 1,88.

2
TiO2// CdS//

TiO2//
, /2
CdS//
, /2

,
/
1.
0,019
8,410-2
2,410-2
6,810-1
2,210-2
2.
0,094
2,710-2
1,310-1
4,610-1
5,510-2
3.
0,188
1,010-2
3,910-1
6,510-1
3,910-1
4.
0,94
6,910-3
2,210-1
4,310-1
1,710-1
5.
1,88
4,710-3
7,510-3
9,710-1
2,810-3
=310400 > 400 < 520
,
- -
.
, ,

> 560
,
. .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
43
.., .., .. - ...
TiO2//
CdS//,

.
, '
, -
. ,

,

,
,

.

,
,

, ,

-.
1. Fujishima A, Zhang X, Tryk A.

Heterogeneous photocatalysis: From water
photolysis to applications in environmental
cleanup // International J. of Hydrogen
Energy. Vol. 32. I. 14. 2007, P. 26642672.
2. Kudo A. Recent progress in the development
of visible light-driven powdered photocatalysts for water splitting // International J.
of Hydrogen Energy. Vol. 32, Issue 14.
2007, P. 2673-2678.
3. Jang J.S., Kim H.G., Borse P.H., Lee J.S.
Simultaneous hydrogen production and
decomposition of H2S dissolved in alkaline
water over CdSTiO2 composite photocatalysts under visible light irradiation //
International J. of Hydrogen Energy. Vol.
32. I. 18. 2007, P. 4786-4791.
4. Yang X, Cao Ch, Erickson L., Hohn K.
Synthesis of visible-light-active TiO2-based
photocatalysts by carbon and nitrogen doping
// J. of Catalysis. Vol. 260, I. 1. 2008, P.
128-133.
5. Shinozaki R., Nakato T. Photochemical
behavior of rhodamine 6G dye intercalated in
photocatalytically active layered hexaniobate
// Microporous and Mesoporous Materials.
Vol. 113, I. 1-3. 2008, P. 81-89.
44
6. .., ..,
.. : -

- // . . .
1994. .30, 4. .175-191.
7. .., ..,
..

// . . .
2000. .36, 2. .69 89.
8. /
.. , .. , .. .
// . . . 1995.
.31, 6. .370 374.
9. .., ..,
.., ..
//
: . . . .
307: . : . 2006. .
149-156.
10. .., ..,
.., ..
//
: . . . .
401: . : . 2008. .
65-67.
11. .., ..,
..

, (1-5,6--2)-2,4- // . . .
2008. .44, 1. . 40 45.
12.

// . .
. 2008. .44, 2. . 79 82.
13. Kobasa I.M., Kondratyeva I.V. Sensitizing of
Semiconducting Photocatalysts by Cyanine
Pigment with Two Conjugated Chromophores
// Polish J. Chem., 82. 1639-1648 (2008).
14. .
/ . .
.., .. .:
, 1984. 484 .
15. .., ..
.
: . , 1990. 280 .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. - ...
16. ..
// . .
. 1998. . 68, . 8 . 13151317.
17. ..
. .:
, 1979.
Summary
Kobasa I.M., Kondratyeva I.V., Odosij L.I.
Optically-spectral features and photocatalytic action of heterostructures
based on TiO2 CdS, sensitizing by bisquinocyanine dyes
at the photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue
Heterostructures based on TiO2 CdS containing cyanine dye with two conjugated chromophores as a
sensitizer have been obtained. It has been found that photocatalytic activity of these materials depends on the
quantitative composition, optically-spectral and power descriptions.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
45
.., .. CdTe .
546.4824-022.532
CdTe
.., ..

CdTe . , CdTe
60 - 160 CdTe
1,1 1,4 , , .
: , , , , .

1980- .
.
,
,
, .
. .

.

.
, ,
,
,
.

( )
[1,2],
.

AIIBVI,
,

- . ,
AIIBVI, ,
,
,
[3].

:
1. ,
, (>
1000 C)
46
;
2.
(550 750 ) ,
.

AIIBVI dS, CdSe
[4-13], ZnSe [5,6], CdTe1-xSx
[14], CdSexTe1-x [15,16].

CdTe
[17-20]. , [17]
CdTe
.
RG850,
(52% SiO2, 20% K2O, 20% ZnO, 5%B2O3),
CdTe.
, 975 3
CdTe
.
550 16
590
16, 32 64 , ,
590
16, 32 64 , .
(. 1),
,
, ,

,

.
CdTe 2,63,
2,92 3,19 16, 32
64 , ,
2,71, 3,24 3,56 , .
[18] CdTe .
, , [17],
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. CdTe .
.1.

( )
( ) RG850
[17]
RG850. ,
1000 , 10 ,

. -
.
575 675
. , 600
4,5

~ 2.28 .
, ~ 170 /.
[19]
CdTe SiO2,
B2O3, Na2O, ZnO CdO
1 .% .

.
,
CdTe,

150, 300 420 540
2,36 , 2,67 2,80 ,
. CdTe, 560
,
.
[20]
CdTe .
1200
P2O5-Na2O-ZnOAlF3-Ga2O3 CdTe 1,2
.%.
440 . CdTe
460470 485 .

.
,

,
. ,

CdTe.

CdTe
,
, CdTe (, RG850),
CdTe
.
,

CdTe
CdTe ,
CdTe .

S-19
-30.
7,00 , CdTe 0,070 , 1%
. CdTe
,
.

,
.
1150 1 .
1 .

.

~ 350
12 .

.

,

-60 -30.
~ 1 , ~
8-9 .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
47
.., .. CdTe .
1
1
= * * , me* = 0,047me, mh* = 0,879me
me mh
CdTe.

CdTe :
hc
E =
,
(2)
O2
700
600
500
2,5
O5
2,0
O4
O3
O1
1,5
1,5
1,0
1,0
0,5
, . .
, . .
2,0
800
0,5
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
E, eV
. 2.
CdTe .
()
(. 3) .
605 20
('
- )
.
CdTe
1,1 .
,
1000 900
800
700
600
500
2,4
2,2
2,0
2,4
O1
= 605
= 20
2,2
2,0
1,8
1,8
1,6
1,6
1,4
1,2
1,0
1,4
1,4
O1
= 550
= 16
O1
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
1,2
, . .
Eg ;
1000 900
2,5
, . .
.

,
740-780 .
.

.
1 .
500-770 ,
3-16 .

-4
1200 / ,
- -02
Keithley
195A.

.
CdTe,
, :
h
R=
,
(1)
8E g
1,0
2,4
E, eV
; h - ;
- .
. 3. CdTe
O1

5
CdTe .
, ()
. , CdTe,
. (. 2)
,
.
1 550
, ~200
, 16

2 = 737
3 (. 4).
(20-40
) , 550
, CdTe
.
720-730 ,
CdTe,
~ 2.1 .
- -
.
48
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. CdTe .
600
500
3,6
O2
= 737
= 3
3,2
2,8
2,4
2,4
O2
2,0
2,0
1,6
1,6
1,2
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
E, eV
O3

= 500 16 = 621
8 (.5.).
,
3,5
3,0
800
700
600
O3
= 621
= 8
3,5
O3
= 500
= 16
2,5
2,0
1,5
500
4,0
O3
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
1,0
, . .
, . .
1000 900
4,0
0,5
0,5
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
E, eV
. 5. CdTe
O3
, O1,
,
(8 )
(621 )
( -
- -)
.
630-640
CdTe
~ 1.41 .
O4 O3 (625 C)
,
(. 6).
600
2,0
500
6,0
5,5
5,0
4,5
4,0
3,5
O4
3,0
= 625
= 4
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
2,2
2,4
E, eV
. 6. CdTe
O4

(665 )
(16 )
. - ,

648 ,
~
1,35 .
CdTe O5 (725 )
(16 )

(.7),
--,
.
,
1000 900
4,0
, . .
. 4. CdTe
O2
1000 900 800

700
6,0
O4
5,5
= 665
5,0
= 16
4,5
4,0
3,5
3,0
O4
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
1,4
1,6
1,8
, . .
2,8
700
800
700
600
500
4,0
3,5
3,5
3,0
2,5
2,0
3,0
O5
= 725
= 16
O5
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,5
1,0
1,0
0,5
, . .
3,2
800
, . .
, . .
1000 900
3,6
, . .
0,5
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
2,4
E, eV
. 7. CdTe
O5
1.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
49
.., .. CdTe .
1
CdTe .
(),
O1-1
O1-2
O2
O3-1
O3-2
O4-1
O4-2
O5
550
605
737
550
621
625
665
725
16
20
3
16
8
4
15
16
,

,
CdTe .
~ 75-100
C

,
.

,
CdTe

CdTe
1,8 .
CdTe 60 160
CdTe
1,1 1,4 ,
,
.
1. M. Rosenbluh, I. Antonov, D. Ianetz, Yu.

Kaganovskii,
A.A.
Lipovskii.
Microfabrication of structures by laser light in
metal-doped glasses // Optical Materials.
2003. Vol. 24. P. 401-410.
2. Yu. Kaganovskii, A. Lipovskii, M.
Rosenbluh, V. Zhurikhina. Formation of
nanoclusters through silver reduction in
glasses: The model. // J. Non-Cryst. Solids.
2007. Vol.353, N.22-23. P. 2263-2271..
3. Alan L., Brian L. Glass matrix doped with
activated
luminescent
nanocristalline
particles. US Patent 5585640.
4. P. D. Persans, H. Ykselici, L. B. Lurio, J.
Pant, M. Stapleton and T. M. Hayes.
Homogeneous nucleation of CdS nanocrystals
in glass // J. Non-Crys. Solids. 1996. Vol.
203. P.192-194.
50
E,
R,
2,14
1,68
1,88
1,92
1,73
1,1
2,1
1,4
1,35
1,8
5. A. A. Lipovskii, E. V. Kolobkova, I. E.
Yakovlev, N. V. Nikonorov, V. D. Petrikov
and A. A. Sitnikova. Cadmium sulfideselenide doped glasses: silicate and phosphate
glass matrices // J. Non-Crys. Solids. 1997.
Vol. 221, Iss.1. P. 18-26.
6. A. A. Lipovskii, E. V. Kolobkova and V. D.
Petrikov. Formation of IIVI nanocrystals in a
novel phosphate glass // J. Crys. Growth.
1998. Vol. 184-185. P. 365-369.
7. T. M. Hayes, L. B. Lurio, J. Pant, and P. D.
Persans. Stability of CdS nanocrystals in glass
// Phys. Rev. B. 2001. Vol 63. P.
155417.
8. Guang Mei, S. Carpenter, P.D. Persans.
Steady-state photomodulation mechanisms in
CdSxSe1-x doped glass // Solid State
Communications. 1991. Vol.80, N.8. P.
557-561.
9. Kevin L. Stokes, Peter D. Persans. Intensitydependent electroabsorption line shape in
Cd(S,Se) quantum dots // Phys. Rev. B.
1996. Vol.54, N.7. P. 4460-4463.
10. Kevin L. Stokes, Peter D. Persans. Excited
states and size-dependent electro-optical
properties of CdSxSe1-x quantum dots // Phys.
Rev. B. 1996. Vol.54, N.3. P. 18921901.
11. Allahverdi C., Ykselici M. H., Turan R.,
Seyhan A.. Photoluminescence spectroscopy
in the study of growth of CdSxSe1-x
nanocrystals in glass // Semicond. Sci.
Technol. 2004. Vol.19. P. 1005-1009.
12. E. Lifshitz, I.D. Litvin, H. Porteanu, A.A.
Lipovskii. Magneto-optical properties of CdS
nanoparticles embedded in phosphate glass //
Chemical Physics Letters. 1998. Vol. 295.
P. 249256.
13. I.D. Litvin, H. Porteanu, E. Lifshitz, A.A.
Lipovskii. Optically detected magnetic
resonance studies of CdS nanoparticles grown
in phosphate glass // J. Crys. Growth. 1999.
Vol. 198/199. P. 313-315.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. CdTe .
14. Kellerman G., Craievich A.F., Barbosa L.C.,

Alves O.L. Nucleation and growth of CdTe1xSx nanocrystals embedded in a borosilicate
glass. Effect of sulphur content and two-step
annealing // J. Non-Crys. Solids. 2001.
Vol. 293-295. P. 517-526.
15. Gurin V.S., Molochko A.P., Solovei N.P.,
Bodnar I.V. CdSexTe1-x nanocrystals in glass
matrix // First International Workshop on
Semiconductor Nanocrystals, SEMINANO2005, Budapest, Hungary. 2005. P. 255258.
16. Bodnar L.V., Gurin V.S., Molochko A.P.,
Solovei N.P., Prokoshin P.V., Yumashev
K.V. Optical properties of ultradisperse
CdSexTe1-x (0x1) particles in a silicate glass
matrix // Semiconductors. 2002. Vol. 36,
No. 3. P. 298306.
17. Kriti Sharma, Praveen K Pandey, Swati
Nagpal, P K Bhatnagar and P C Mathur.
Study of CdTe quantum dots grown using a

two-step annealing method // Phys. Scr.
2006. Vol. 73. P. 125-128.
18. M.H. Ykselici, C. Allahverdi. Solid-phase
precipitation of CdTe nanoparticles in glass //
Phys. Stat. Sol. (b). 2003. Vol.236, N. 3.
P.694-701.
19. Vasilevski M. I., Akinkina E. I., de Paula A.
M., Anda E. V. Effect of size dispersion on
the optical absorption of an ensemble of
semiconductor
quantum
dots
//
Semiconductors 1998. Vol.32, Iss.11. P.
1229-1233.
20. P. Lavallard, M. Chamarro, J. Perez-Conde,
A.K. Bhattacharjce, S.V. Goupalov, A.A.
Lipovskii.
Exchange
interaction
and
acoustical phonon modes in CdTe
nanocrystals // Solid State Communications.
2003. Vol. 127. P. 439442.
Summary
O. Kopach, O. Korovyanko
Obtaining and properties of CdTe nanoparticles in a glass matrix
The doped of CdTe optical glass is obtained. It is established that by the heat treatment of the doped CdTe glasses
at temperatures on 60 - 160 C below the glass softening temperature is possible to obtain the CdTe nanoparticles in
sizes 1,1 1,4 nm, thus both a temperature and duration of heat treatment influence on their sizes.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
51
.., .., .. - ....

(544.32:546.712)
- MnSe - H2O
.., .., ..

- -
MnSe - H2O.
MnSe .
: , - , , ,
.
d-
, , . ,
,

'.
: MnSe MnSe2
[1]. - MnSe
NaCl. ,
,
- MnSe. - MnSe
ZnS - MnSe
.
MnSe
83.
[2]. MnSe , 77
135 ,
270 ,
.
MnSe - 2,0
2,8 V. 160 180
MnSe , .
~200 MnSe [3].
,
.
MnSe ,
.
, - -
52
MnSe H2O.
MnSe H2O.
[4-6].
MnSe H2O
.
- -
,
-
.
,
-
.
-

[ 7,8], (.1).
1

MnSe H2O
/
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mn2+
MnSe
H2Se
HSeHSeO4H2SeO3
HSeO3SeO32SeO42H 2O
G 0298 /
-230,0
-199,1
22,0
44,0
-451,0
-426,8
-411,0
-364,1
-441,4
-237,2
- (G 0298 ) -

Eh=f(pH) (.2). '

MnSe H2O - 110-6,
110-3 1100 (/3).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. - ....

2

MnSe H2O =298
/
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
H2SeO3+4H++4e-= Se0+3H2O
HSeO3-+5H++4e- = Se0+3H2O
SeO32- +6H++4e- = Se0+3H2O
MnSe=Se0+ Mn2++ 2eH2Se=Se0 +2H+ +2eHSe-=Se0+H+ +2eMn2+ + H2SeO3 + 4H++6e-=MnSe + 3H2O
Mn2++HSeO3-+5H++6e-=MnSe + 3H2O
Mn2++SeO32-+6H++6e-=MnSe + 3H2O
MnSe+2H++2e-=Mn0+H2Se
MnSe+H++2e-=Mn0+HSeHSeO4- +3H++2e-= H2SeO3+ H2O
13
SeO42-+4H++2e-= H2SeO3+ H2O
14
SeO42-+3H++2e-= HSeO3-+ H2O
15
SeO42-+2H++2e-= SeO32-+ H2O
Eh=0,74 + 0,0147lg[H2SeO3] - 0,0591 pH

Eh=0,77 + 0,0147lg[HSeO3-] - 0,074 pH
Eh=0,90 + 0,0147lg[SeO32-] - 0,088 pH
Eh=0,1601+ 0,0295lg[Mn2+]-1
Eh=0,114 + 0,0295lg[H2Se-] + 0,0591 pH
Eh=0,2279 +0,0295lg[HSe-] - 0,0295pH
Eh=0,438+0,00985lg[Mn2+][H2 SeO3] - 0,0394 pH
Eh=0,465 +0,00985lg[Mn2+][HSeO3-] + 0,0591 pH
Eh=0,546+0,00985lg[Mn2+][SeO32-] - 0,0591 pH
Eh=-1,114-0,0295lg[H2Se] - 0,0591pH
Eh=-1,260-0,0295lg[HSe-] - 0,0295pH
Eh=1,1037+0,0295lg[HSeO4-] - 0,0295lg[H2SeO3] -0,0886pH
Eh=1,1535+0,0295lg[SeO42-] - 0,0295lg[H2SeO3] -0,118pH
Eh=1,0715+0,0295lg[SeO42-] - 0,0295lg[H2SeO3] -0,088pH
Eh=0,8280+0,0295lg[SeO42-] - 0,0295lg[SeO32-] -0,0591pH
G 0298 ,
/
-284,77
-300,6
-347,5
-30,9
-16,0
-44,0
-253,87
-269,7
-316,6
221,1
243,1
-213,03
-222,63
-206,8
-159,9
.
E,B 1,4
1,2
HSeO4
1,0
Mn
0,8
2+
2-
SeO4
H2SeO3
0,6
Se
0,4
HSeO3
0,2
Se
0,0
2+
Mn
2-
SeO3
-0,2
-0,4
MnSe
-0,6
-0,8
-1,0
-1,2
-1,4
HSe
H2Se
-1,6
-1,8
0
10
12
14
pH
.1. MnSe - H2O, =110-6/3)
MnSe
H2O -
110-6/3 (.1)
.
1. MnSe
0 14.
2.
MnSe ( 10, 11, .2),
:
MnSe + 2H+ +2-= Mn0 + H2Se;

MnSe + H+ +2-= Mn0 + HSe-.
,
MnSe ,
, H2Se (=03,88) HSe- (=3,8814).
3.
MnSe ( 4, 7, 8, 9, .2).
MnSe :
MnSe + 3H2O= Mn2+ + H2SeO3 + 4H++6e-;
. . . 422.: . , 2008
53
.., .., .. - ....
MnSe + 3H2O= Mn2+ + HSeO3- + 5H++6e-;

MnSe + 3H2O= Mn2+ + SeO32- + 6H++6e-;
MnSe = Mn2+ + S0+2e-.

, 110-6/3 MnSe

- ,

,
(0,32 -0,42 ,
MnSe) (-0,93 -1,49
, MnSe).
MnSeH2O
110-3/3 (. 2.) ,
E,B

MnSe -
, .
1,025 -1,58 -0,025 -0,37 .

1,0 /3 -
MnSe H2O
, . MnSe

(0-14),
(.3).
1,5
-
HSeO4
1,0
Mn
2+
2-
SeO4
H2SeO3
0,5
Se
0,0
Se
HSeO3
2+
Mn
2-
SeO3
-0,5
MnSe
-1,0
-1,5
H2Se
0
HSe
4
10
12
14
pH
.2. MnSe - H2O, =110-3/
E,B
1,4
-
1,2
HSeO4
1,0
2+
0,6
0,2
Se
SeO4
HSeO3
Se
0,4
2-
Mn
HSeO3
0,8
Mn
2+
0,0
2-
SeO3
-0,2
-0,4
-0,6
MnSe
-0,8
-1,0
-1,2
-1,4
H2Se
-1,6
HSe
-1,8
0
10
12
14
pH
.3. MnSe - H2O, =1 /
54
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. - ....
, ( 1-4 7-9, .2) 0,160 -0,332

, MnSe
( 10 11)
-1,114 -1,67 .
, MnSe - H2O , ( , )
MnSe
-

.
,
- -
MnSe H2O .

MnSe ( 4,
.2),
( 10 11, .2)
' (.1-3),
.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1. 1. .., ..
. .:. 1964. 320 .
2. 2. .., ..,
., .., ..,
.., ..
8.

MnSe
MnTe // . 2007.
.49, .11. . 1984-1987
3. .., ..,
..
Mn1-xMxSe(M Ti, V, Fe, Co) //
. . 2004. .40, 12,
.1431-1434.
.., ..

// . .
1991. .27, 11. . 152-163.
Murase Kuniaki, Watanabe Hiroto/ PotentialpH Diagram of the CdTe NH3 H2O System
and Electrodeposition Bchavior of the CdTe
from Ammoniacal Alkaline Baths
// J.
Electrochem. Soc. 1999. V. 146,5.
.1798-1803.
.., ..,
.., ..
Cd1-xZnxTe
// .
2008. .44, 1. . 26-34.
.., .., ..
:
. .: . 1977. 392 .
.., ..
a .
.: . 1979. 192 .
Summary
Krupko O.V., Voloshchuk A.G., Shcherbak L.P.
The thermodynamical analysis of redox reactions in a MnSe - H2O system
An analysis of redox and acid-bases reactions in a MnSe - H2O system have been provided in the
framework of heterogeneous equilibrium theory. Fields of MnSe chemical and electrochemical stability in
aqueous medium was determined based on constructed Pourbe diagrams.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
55
.., .., .., . ...

541.13: 543.632.572.2./.3
n-

..1, ..1, ..1, .2
1
, ,
. , 6, 79005 , ; e-mail: reshetniak@franko.lviv.ua
2
, , . , 18, 80952 ,

N- . ,
,
. N- 80%
,
,
N-. ,
,
.
:
.
N-,
,
, ,
[1]. 3
6 , - .
N--
[2], [3].
(Cbz)
N- (VCbz)
, [4],

() .

Cbz VCbz

( 0,01
LiClO4). -1 10-
0(+2,0)
50 1. , ,
Ag/AgCl .
( ) 0,01 3 (r) Cbz : VCbz 9:1, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8 1:9.
Sigma-Aldrich
56

: Cbz 95%; VCbz 98%; LiClO4
98,0%; 99,9% (Chromasolv).
10
.
. 1, ,
( +(1,01,5) ) (
+(0,10,6) ), .

+1,1 , ,
,
. ,
/,
. , (. 1, ),
r = 9:1
(. 1, ),
10- , ,
VCbz (. 1, ),

, .
, ,
10 , .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., . ...
4000
4000
3000
3000
2000
2000
2000
1000
1000
A
A
1000
0
0
0
-1000
-1000
-1000
B
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
0,0
2,0
0,5
3000
1,0
1,5
2,0
2000
1000
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
1,5
2,0
3000
2000
1000
0,0
2000
1000
0
-1000
-1000
-1000
-2000
-2000
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
0.0
B
0.5
(. . Ag/AgCl), B
1.0
1.5
0,0
2.0
0,5
1,0
(. . Ag/AgCl), B
(. . Ag/AgCl), B
. 1. 0,01 Cbz (), VCbz () Cbz : VCbz

9:1 (), 6:4 (), 2:8 () 1:9 (),
VCbz
.
r 8:2 4:6
, (. 1, ), ,

. -
VCbz 8090 .% (r = 2:8 1:9,

. 1, ) , ,
r ~ 2:8 (. 2, ) /
+)
)
I (max
I (max
, .
, ,
-400
Imax ,
Imax ,
1600
800
400
-1200
-1600
-2000
0.0
0.2
0.4
1.6
-800
( )
(+)
1200
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.0
1.0
0.2
0.4
( )
Emax , B
Emax , B
(+)
Emax , B
1.0
1.2
0.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.2
1.0
0.8
1.4
0.6
1.4
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
VCbz
1.0
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.2
0.0
VCbz
(+)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
VCbz
()
. 2. I max () I max () ,
(+)
( )
E max () E max () , max ()
N-VCbz (), (), () ()

. . . 422.: . , 2008
57
.., .., .., . ...
,
[2]. ,
-
VCbz,
,
. - , .
- , . 2, .
N-
(. 2, )
(. 2, ) , ,
.
, -
,
-
max. , . 2, ,
r ~ 2:8,
- bz
VCbz,
- ,
VCbz
.
, ,
N-
, --
(. 2).
bz
VCbz
VCbz <
60 .%.
1. Morin J.-F., Leclerc M., Ades D., Siove A.

Polycarbazole: 25Years of Progress // Macromolecul. Rapid Comm. 2005. Vol. 26,
Is. 10. P. 761778.
2. ., ., .,
. N-
- // . -,
. . 2007. . 48. . 102107.
3.
..,
..
-N- //
. . . :
, . , 1
5 2007 . , 2007.
. 147.
4. .., ..
N- // : . .,
. , 31 3 2007 .
, 2007. . 111112.
Summary
Maksymchuk V.S., Reshetnyak .V., ovalchuk E.P., Baejowski E.
Electrochemical copolymerization of carbazole and n-vinylcarbazole
in the acetonitrile medium
The electrochemical copolymerization of carbazole and N-vinylcarbazole in the medium of acetonitrile
has been studied by the cyclic voltammetry methods. Is determined that monomers ratio defines both the
electrochemical parameters of polymerization process and morphology and conductivity of obtained
polymerizate. The increase of the N-vinylcarbazole mole fraction in the mixture of initial monomers to the
80 per cent leads to the decrease of synthesized copolymer adhesion to the electrode surface and to the
increase of its friability, that essentially increases the rate of electropolymerization process in particular at
the expense of polymerization on the vinyl group of N-vinylcarbazole. As a consequence of it, the decrease
of conjugation degree was observed in the copolymers in comparison with individual polymers that lead to
the reversibility degradation for the oxidation-reduction processes of synthesized copolymer under the same
conditions.
58
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. ...
628.165

.., ..

.
, (3)2
3.
: , , .

.
,
, , ,
[1].

,

.
. ,

, .

.

,
, ,

. . [2-6].

.

.

,
.

2
(3)2

. ,

:
CO 32 + CO2 + H2O (HCO3) 22

.
:
,
( Ca Mg)

[2].

,
:

2
.
:
1
1
= k t ,
(1)
[a( HCO3 ) 2 ]t [a( HCO3 ) 2 ]0
2-

:
d CO2 p
dt
] = d [aHCO ] = k [aHCO ] , (2)

dt
+
3
+
3
k

.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
59
.., .. ...

,
3 + + 23
, 32
3 , +,
,
3 + + 23 2 + 2
2.

.
,
(IV)
.

, ,
-.
.

:
CO2(.) CO2(.).
(3)
(
).
2
(3).

,
:
2 + 2 23 ;
3- + + 32- .

,
.
,
.

, .

+ 22 + 2 (3)2 .

.

2-
.

.1.

.
23 + + 3- ;
/
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
60

-
3-
2,3,5-

-
()
2,4,6-
C6H5COOH
OHC6H4COOH
H3OS(OH)C6H3COOH
BrC6H4COOH
IC6H4COOH
I3C6H2COOH
C6H5NHC6H4COOH
(OH)3C6H2COOH
NH2C6H4OH
6H5OC6H4COOH
Br3C6H2OH
C6H5OH
., 0
122
138
206
201
248
754
213
170
109
214
330
94
122
159
98
254
187-188
215
182-183
220 (.)
170
114,5
96
42
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. ...
S-
.
[2].
, ,

2+.
,

, ,
.
, ,
3 .

.
2+ ,

,
,
, .

.
(3)2 3 2- .

,
.
,

.
,
(.1),

(.2).
:
-d[Ca2+]/dt = KF[Ca2+] = ke. [Ca2+]2 ,

.
,
(F) ,

.
. 1,

2-
,
1/[Ca(HCO3)2] - 1/[Ca(HCO3)2]0 t
.
(),

a(HCO3)2,
,
, .
. 1.

- (1) (2)
( 1', 2' )
2-
. 2
.
.2 .2-4 , ke.
,
.

CaCO3 ,
ke., .
,
.

,
.

,

.
.

, (, , -, ).
a(HCO3)2. (
).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
61
.., .. ...
2

[Ca(HCO3)2]0= 0,009 /, [] = 20 /

-
3-
2,3,5-

-
ke.,
/
1,80
0,52
1,50
1,89
2,40
2,50
1,45
1,70
1,92
1,20
1,30
1,00
1,20
3- -
. ,

, ,
CaCO3
.
ke.

,
CaCO3,

, ke.

ke. (, 2,4,6,
-,
)
.
ke. : max min (.2-4).
.

.
,

.
62
t.,
8,0
20,0
30,0
15,0
20,0
5,0
10,0
5,0
35,0
20,0
10,0
10,0
15,0
(
)
0,56
0,70
0,54
0,50
0,52
0,50
0,43
0,75
0,65
0,43
0,40
0,55
0,47
.2.

-
=50 oC; [Ca(HCO3)2]0 = 0,009 /

, ke.
,
,
.

40 /. . 3

(3)2 .
. 3,
(3)2
3 (
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. ...
3

. [Ca(3)2]0 = 0,009 /; [RAr] = 40 /; =50 0

2,3,5-

k,
/
1.80
0,57
1,89
2,20
5,50
3,00
2,50
0,80
2,20
2,25
0,70
.3.

(1) (2).
=50 oC; [Ca(HCO3)]2= 0,009 /
.4.

(1) (2)
.
=50 oC; [Ca(HCO3)]2= 0,009 /
()
0,44
0,65
0,69
0,38
0,71
0,49
0,50
0,42
0,48
0,52
0,30
t.,
8
85
105
35
45
40
75
85
65
65
,
2,3,5- ). ,

(3)2
0,3 0,4.

, (, ).

.

: k
Ca(3)2
.

. ,

,

. ,
3 .

,

,

,

().
. . . 422.: . , 2008
63
.., .. ...
1.
,

.
2. ,

,

(3)2 3.
3.
, 2,3,5-,
,

.
1. . . .
.: . . 1. 1972.
2. . . . .:
. . 2. 1973. . 162-168.
3. . ., . .,
. ., ..

// . .
49, . 8. 1979. . 481-485.
4. . ., . .,
. ., . .

// . . . 1978.
. 721-724.
5. . ., . .

//
. 1972. . 20-22.
6. . ., . . .

. : . 1998. .
95-99.
Summary
Mykhailovska T.N., Voloschuk U.V.
The influence of benzoic acid and its derivatives on kinetic laws
of transformation of calcium bicarbonate into carbonate
The research of the influence of benzoic acid and its derivatives on kinetic laws of transformation of
calcium bicarbonate into carbonate is conducted. The ambiguous impackt of benzoic acid and its derivatives
on the process under test which is explained by their influence on different stages of resolution of
transformation of calcium bicarbonate into carbonate is established.
64
. . . 422.: . , 2008
. ., . ., . . CdTe:V.
546.4:546.48'24+546.171.19
CdTe:V
. ., . ., . .

CdTe:V 470-1170 ,
CdTe ,
. ,
CdTe:V .

EC-0.8 .
.
: , , , .
CdTe
.

.
CdTe ~300
~ 11016 -3.
, , ,

[1].

[1-6],

CdTe, [2].
CdTe:V ()
[1, 3]. [1]
CdTe, ,

C0 = 21019 -3.

109 .
, V
,

1.5 .
,
(
Vn VnCd)
~ 51016 -3
V2+/V3+ Ed = EC - 0.8 .
[3] CdTe:V n- p CdTe.
,

VnCd,
Ed = EC - 0.9 .
VnCd CdTe
[4]
.

V2+/V3+ 0.95
.
dTe,
,
[5].

(PICTS), - .
, V CdTe
V2+ V3+,
V2+/V3+ 0.67
.
[6]
CdTe:V, ,
= (4.310-91.110-10) -1-1. ,
CdTe
C0 = 11018-11020
-3 n-
-, ,
.
( )
295-430 ,
,
Ed = C -(0.76-0.86
) n- Ed = V + (0.76-0.78 )
-.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
65
. ., . ., . . CdTe:V.

2
CdTe:V (V3Cd V4Cd),
,
(o) 51018
/3 11018 /3, .
,
,
.
. 1
V3Cd
V4Cd.
V3Cd.
66
500
e-
V3Cd
V4Cd
400

, ,
.
CdTe

, [7].
()
,
(d = 0.1
) . ""
[7].
,

Cd.

473-1173
Cd 10 3105 .
CdTe

, .
~560
( 500-560

CdTe, h+
[8]).

. ( ~ 760 )
,

.
,
CdTe ( e-
[8]). V4Cd , pn- 640660 .
, /
.
1073
,

.

, .
CdTe:V
() .
,
,
CdTe, ,

().
300
n-
200
100
p-
+
0
400
600
800
T, K
1000
1200
. 1.
V3Cd V4Cd Cd,max
(
CdTe)

V3Cd (. 2)
CdTe. ,
V CdTe .
,
.
(1-2):
0
0
Vn(s) + V Cd
Vn Cd
,
(1)
0
+
Vn Cd
Vn Cd
+ e-.
(2)
870-1070
lg[e-] = f(1/T) (0.03-0.07),
1170 0.13,
CdTe
870-1170 0.33. ,
, ,

1170 ,
.

CdTe.
,
. . . 422.: . , 2008
. ., . ., . . CdTe:V.
. 1 )
[8].

PCd
(. 2,
). ,
V3Cd
: 870
41016, 970 11017, 1070 41017 1170 K
61017 /3. ,

,

.
. 3
V4Cd.
. 2-3, ,
V4Cd ,
V3Cd,
CdTe,
.
1170
(0.15).

(. 3, ).
V4Cd
: 870 31016, 970 51016,
1070 31017 1170 K 61017 /3.
18,0
0.13
870
970
17,5
1070
0.07
lg[-], -3
1170
17,0
0.05
16,5
0.03
16,0
-4
-3
-2
-1
lg PCd, .
. 2.
V3Cd
(C0 = 51018 /3) ( [-]
CdTe ,
,
)
CdTe:V (. 1),

Cd .
: ,

KVn (
) .
, , EC - 0.8 [1, 6],
KVn =
11021. (
1
dTe:V
( K i = K i0exp( H i /kT) )
1.
0 e + h +
2.
Cd 0Cd + e Cd(v) + VCd
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
[ ][ ]
K = [e ] [V ] P
K = [e ] [V ] P
K = [e ] [Cd ] P
K = [e ] [V ] P
K = [e ] [Te ] P
K = [Vn ] [e ] [V ]
K1 = e h +
1
11
2
Cd 0Cd + 2e Cd(v) + VCd
10
Cd(v) Cd i2+ + 2e
Cd(v) Cd 0Cd + VTe2+ + 2e
CdTe + e Cd(v) + Tei
Cd
Cd
2
Cd
Cd
2+
i
1
Cd
2+
Te
12
+
Vn 0Cd Vn Cd
+ e
+
Cd
Vn
1
Cd
K i0
H i ,
51039
1.5
8106
2.08
110-15
1.14
61061
2.15
31057
1.47
395
1.12
11021
0.8
Cd
0
Cd
-1
PE, :
[e ] + [V ]+ 2[V ] + [Te ] = [h ]+ 2[Cd ]+ 2[V ] + [Vn ]
Cd
2
Cd
2+
i
2+
Te
. . . 422.: . , 2008
+
Cd
67
. ., . ., . . CdTe:V.
18,0
0.15
V4Cd
870
970
17,5
0.08
1070
17,0
0.13
lg[ ],
-3
1170
16,5
0.13
16,0
2
4
lg PCd, .
. 3.
V4Cd
(C0 = 11018 /3) ( [-]
CdTe ,
,
)
. 5.
V3Cd Cd = onst
( [-] CdTe
,
1 100 , 2 10 , 3 1 , 4 0.1 )
0.1-1

CdTe ( ), 10100
.
18
1
2
17
0.95
CdTe
lg[-], -3
16
15
14
13
12
0,8
1,0
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2,0
2,2
1000/T, K-1
. 4.
V3Cd PCd,max (
,
[-] CdTe)
. 4
V3Cd.
, 480
~1013
-3.

CdTe ( ).
(800-1170 )
lg[-]-1000/T 0.95 .
~1012 -3.
V4Cd .
V3Cd . 5.
(100 )
lg[e-] = f(1000/) ~ 1 ,
(0.1-10 ) ~ 0.8
. (
CdTe
[9]),
.
68

CdTe,
,
470-1170
:
1.
,

.
2.
CdTe:V .
3.

,

.
4.
EC - 0.8 ,

KVn = 11021.
1. Bardeleben H.J., Launay J.C., Mazoyer V.

Defects in photorefractive CdTe:V: An
electron paramagnetic resonance study //
Appl. Phys. Lett. 1993. Vol.63. 8. P.
1140-1142.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
. ., . ., . . CdTe:V.
2. Ifegous B., Fliyou M., Adhiri R., Sribi C. et

al. Numerical simulation of photorefractive
gain in CdTe:V with optimum frequency of
the electric field // J. Cryst. Growth. 2002.
Vol.240. 1. P. 190-195.
3. Briat B., Ramaz F., Hamri A., Bardeleben
H.J. et al. Monitoring of V2+ and V3+ in
vanadium-doped CdTe: a combined magnetic
circular dichroism and electron paramagnetic
resonance approach // Semicond. Sci.
Technol. 1995. Vol.10. 12. P. 16291633.
4. Rzepka E., Aoudia A., Cuniot M., Lusson A.
et al. Optical and thermal spectroscopy of
vanadium-doped
CdTe
and
related
photorefractive effect // J. Cryst. Growth.
1994. Vol.138. P. 244-248.
5. Joerger W., Laasch M., Kunz ., Fiederle M.
et al. Compensation mechanism in vanadium
and gallium doped CdTe and (Cd,Zn)Te //
Cryst. Res. Technol. 1997. Vol.32. 8.
P. 1103-1113.
6. . ., . .,
. ., . .

CdTe:V //
. 2006. . 7. 3.
. 430-435.
7. . ., . ., .
., . . .
CdTe
//
. . 364: .
: , 2007. .29-33.
8. Turkevych I., Grill R., Franc J., Belas E. et al.
High-temperature electron and hole mobility
in CdTe // Semicond. Sci. Technol. 2002.
Vol.17. P. 1064-1066.
9. Fochuk P., Grill R., Panchuk O. The nature of
point defects in CdTe // J. Electron. Mater.
2006. Vol.35. -6. P.1354-1359.
Summary
Obedzynska Yu. Yu., Fochuk P. M., Panchuk O. E.
High-temperature electrical properties of CdTe:V crystals
At first detailed measurements of the Hall effect and conductivity in CdTe:V single crystals at high-temperature
point defect equilibria under well-defined Cd vapour pressure were performed. It was shown that Vanadium in CdTe
forms substituent donor VnCd centers. After prolonged measurements at high temperatures and Cd vapour pressures the
crystals remained high-resistive. Computer modeling of point defect structure for vapour dependences of carrier
concentration at different temperatures agrees satisfactorily with experimental data. That model agrees satisfactorily
with experimental data. The results were discussed in the framework of Krgers point defect quasichemical reactions
theory.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
69
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.

541.14
SiO2/CdTe
.., .., ..

SiO2
SiO2/CdTe. , dTe
SiO2 ()
( ).
SiO2/CdTe (22 33 ),
CdTe (28-36 ).
SiO2/CdTe 5-20 ,
. SiO2/CdTe
CdTe.
: , CdTe, SiO2/-CdTe,
, ,

- , [1-5], [6].

[7-9],
[10, 11], SiO2, TiO2 [12 - 16], CdTe [8, 17]. ,
() ,
CdTe,
[10,
11].

SiO2.

,
[18].

SiO2 (CdS/SiO2) (

) [19].
[16] in situ
CdTe/SiO2
.

in situ 70
SiO2 [20].
,

SiO2 .
,
SiO2 [21],

. ,

CdTe SiO2.
SiO2

SiO2/Cd.

SiO2/Cd
CdCl22H2O .., 98 %
(, HSCH2CO2H)
Aldrich, 1M NaOH ..,
Al2Te3 (CERAC Inc.), NaBH4 ..,
(99,95%);
Milli-Q 18,2 M.
SiO2

"" , (. ),
SiO2H2O
70% 30 % .

SiO2 5
100
80. SiO2
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.

, NaOH
.

.

,

.

CdTe/
()
. 1, , .
a
0.5 h
1h
1.5 h
2h
6h
absorbance, a.u.
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
wavelength, nm
b
0.5 h
1h
1.5 h
2h
6h
100
PL intensity, a.u.
. 3
SiO2: 0,5410-3, 5.,410-3,
10,810-3 /.
CdTe,
, ,
[22, 23]. SiO2
CdCl22H2O, [Cd2+
]/[]= 1/ 2,4. 1111.5 1 NaOH.
Ar 30 .
NaHTe
[Cd2+]/[2-]= 1/0,5. () 100 0,5 - 6 .
- 2, (1)

, (2) Al2Te3
, (3) NaHTe,

.
CdTe
, ,
[22]:
d = (9.812710-7) 3 - (1.7147 10-3) 2 +
(1.0064) - (194.84),
d ,

.
c Variant
Cary 50 UV-Vis,
Cary Eclipse
390 .
80
60
40
20

CdTe/SiO2
CdTe (d = 3.3 )
(SiO2)
10
(CdTe + SiO2)

-CdTe.
CdTe,
CdTe/ .
, SiO2
0
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
wavelength, nm
. 1. () ()
dTe
.

, .
SiO2/Cd 5.410-3 /
SiO2 . 2 , , .
-
. . . 422.: . , 2008
71
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.
0.5 h
1h
1.5 h
2h
6h
absorbance, a.u.
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
wavelength, nm
PL intensity
30
0.5 h
1h
1.5 h
2h
6h
20
10
b
3000
2500
2000
450
500
550
600
650
700
72
200
100
450
500
550
600
650
700
wavelength, nm
CdTe+(1)SiO2
CdTe+(2)SiO2
CdTe+(3)SiO2
500
CdTe
450
500
550
600
650
700
wavelength, nm
wavelength, nm
, , CdTe SiO2
,
. , 6

CdTe 519 564 ,
CdTe+5.410-3/ SiO2 522
543 .
SiO2/Cd.
CdTe SiO2/Cd
,
(.3).
()

SiO2, (.3, ).

()
(. 1).
. ,
CdTe
25-30 [21, 22].
. 1,
1
2
3
300
1000
750
. 2. () ()
CdTe/SiO2, ( SiO2
5.410-3 ) .
400
0
400
1500
0
400
normalized intensity, a.u.
0.07
CdTe 28 36 ,
.
SiO2/Cd ,
CdTe,
SiO2

.
(22 - 30 )
SiO2
0.5410-3 /

(5.410-3 ),
SiO2 .
normalized intensity, a.u.
. 3. CdTe
CdTe/SiO2,
SiO2: 1 - 0.5410-3 , 2 - 5.410-3 , 3 - 10.810-3
2 .

390 . ()

.
1.
c
()
CdTe CdTe/SiO2
()

CdTe+ 0,5410-3 SiO2
CdTe+ 5,410-3, SiO2
CdTe+ 10,810-3 SiO2
CdTe
CdTe+ 5,410-3, SiO2
CdTe+ 0,5410-3 SiO2
CdTe+ 10,810-3
CdTe
6
.
44 56 52
52
60
46 48 50
58
58
54 52 54
60
66
56 60 60
70
72
()
20 18 18
16
21
14 18 22
17
22
23 23 27
21
53
12 13 12
16
20
0.5
1.5
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.
position of PL maximum, nm
(
). ,

CdTe,
SiO2,
. , SiO2, 0.5
20 23 . 53
SiO2
10.810-3 / 6 .

(1)
CdTe (2)
,
SiO2.
. 4
.
SiO2/Cd
,
Cd
.
SiO2.
CdTe
, 0.5

, . SiO2
0.5 ,
3- .

SiO2 0.5410-3
5.410-3 /
() (. 5).
SiO2

( 5 ),
SiO2
25 . :
1,4 SiO2 3,1
( ) .
, , ,
Cd, , ,
. ,
SiO2.
580
570
560
550
CdTe
CdTe+(1)SiO2
540
CdTe+(2)SiO2
CdTe+(3)SiO2
530
0
time, h
.4.
CdTe CdTe/SiO2
SiO2: 1 - 0.5410-3 , 2 5.410-3 , 3 - 10.810-3
.
. 5. CdTe/SiO2
SiO2 (a) - 0.5410-3 and () 5.410-3 .

. , Cd
SiO2,
, .
,
. . . 422.: . , 2008
73
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.
,
--.
,
( -)
.
,
SiO2,
.

.
,
- ,
. ,

SiO2/Cd (, , ).
,

.
. ,
CdTe/ SiO2,
SiO2 (0.5410-3 /)
NaHTe

. , -
,
. ,
2,
Al2Te3, 1-2
. ,
+
NaBH4 .
,
, , , .
( )
. ,
CdTe, ,
,

SiO2.
in
situ SiO2/CdTe.

CdTe
. 74
SiO2/CdTe (22 33 ),
CdTe (28-36 ),
.
CdTe/SiO2
CdTe SiO2.

. CdTe
SiO2
, CdTe
.
SiO2
SiO2 .

-.
( 2- ) , H2Te, (Al2Te3 +
H2SO4).
, CdTe (
),
SiO2 .
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biological detection// Nat. biotech. -2004. -V.
22, 1.- P. 47-52.
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M. Mauro, H. Mattoussi. Use of luminescent
CdSeZnS nanocrystal bioconjugates in
quantum dot-based nanosensors// Phys. Stat.
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3. W. J. Parak, T. Pellegrino, C. Plank. Labelling
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CdS quantum dots in labeling DNA
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8184.
5. J. R. Heath, M. E. Phelps, L. Hood
NanoSystems Biology. Molecular Imaging
and Biology//2003. -V. 5. 5. - P. 312325.
6. F. Fleishhaker, R. Zentel. Photonic crystals
from core-shell colloids with incorporated
highly fluorescent quantum dots//Chem. Mat.2005.- V. 17, 6. - P.1346 1351.
7. J. Sun, M. Gao, J. Feldmann. Electric field
directed layer-by-layer assembly of highly
fluorescent CdTe nanoparticles //J. Nanosci.
Nanotech.- 2001.- V. 1, . 2.- P. 133 - 136.
8. K. Rajeshwar, N. R. Tacconi, C. R. Chenthamarakshan Semiconductor-based composite
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .. SiO2/CdTe.
materials:
preparation,
properties
and
performance// Chem. Mater.- 2001. -V. 13,
9. - P. 2765-2782.
9. M. Gao, C. Lesser, S. Kirstein, H. Mohwald,
A. L. Rogach, H. Weller Electroluminescence
of different colors from polycation/CdTe
nanocrystal self-assembled films// J. Appl.
Phys.- 2000. -V. 87, 5.- P. 2297 2302.
10. A. Susha, A. L. Rogach, F. Caruso, G. B.
Sukhorukov, A. Kornowski, H. Mohwald, M.
Giersig, A. Eychmuller, H. Weller. Formation
of luminescent spherical core-shell particles
by the consecutive adsorption of polyelectrolyte and CdTe(S) nanocrystals on latex
colloids// Adv. Mat.- 2000.- V. 163.- P. 39
44.
11. I. L. Radchenko, G. B. Sukhorov, N. Gaponik,
A. Kornowski, A.L. Rogach, H. Mohwald.
Core-shell structures formed by the solventcontrolled precipitation of luminescent CdTe
nanocrystals on latex spheres //Adv. Mat.2001.- V.13, 22.- P.1684 - 1687.
12. Y. Yang, M. Gao. Preparation of luminescent
SiO2 particles with single CdTe nanocrystal
cores by reverse microemulsion method//
Adv. Chem. Mat. -2005. -V. 17.- P. 2354 2357.
13. Y. Wang, Z. Tang, M. A. Correa-Duarte, L.
M. Liz-Marza, N. A. Kotov. SiO2-coated
CdTe Nanowires: bristled nano centipedes//J.
Am. Chem. Soc.- 2004. -V.4, 2.- P. 225231.
14. I. Robel,V. Subramanian, M. Kuno, P. V.
Kamat. Quantum Dot Solar Cells. Harvesting
light energy with CdSe nanocrystals
molecularly linked to mesoscopic TiO2
Films//J. Am. Chem. Soc.- 2006. -V.128,
7.- P. 2385-2393.
15. N. R. Jana, C. Earhart. J. Y. Ying. Synthesis
of water-soluble and functionalized nanoparticles by silica coating//Chem. Mater.-
2007.- V. 19, 21. - P. 5074 - 5079.

16. J. Li, L. Wang, K, Zhao, D. Li, J. Li, Y. Bai,
T. Li, Coll. and Surf., A.- 2005.- V. 329.- P.
257-258.
17. D. Kurth, P. Lehmann, C. Lesser. Engineering
the surfacec Properties of semiconductor
nanoparticles: surfactant-encapsulated CdTeclusters//Chem. Commun. - 2000. - V. 15. - P.
949 - 950.
18. L. M. Liz-Marzan, M. Giersig, P. Mulvaney
.Synthesis of Nanosized Gold-Silica CoreShell Particles // Langmuir. 1996. V. 12. P.
4329 4335.
19. C. Graf, S. Dembski, A. Hofmann, E. Rhl A
general method for the controlled embedding
of nanoparticles in silica colloids//Langmuir.2006. - V. 22, 13. - P. 5604 - 5608.
20. W. Stober, A. Fink. Controlled growth of
mono-disperse silica spheres in the micron
size range//J. Colloid. Interface Sci. -1968. V. 26.- P. 62 69.
21. A. L. Rogach, T. Franzl, T. A. Klar, J.
Feldmann, N. Gaponik, V. Lesnyak, A.
Shavel, A. Eychmu1ller, Y. P. Rakovich, J. F.
Donegan. Aqueous synthesis of thiol-capped
CdTe nanocrystals: State-of-the-Art//J. Phys.
Chem. C. - 2007.- V.111, 40.- P.14628
14637.
22. W. W. Yu, L. Qu, W. Guo, X. Peng.
Experimental Determination of the extinction
coefficient of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS
nanocrystals//Chem. Mater.- 2003. -V.15.- P.
2854 2860.
23. N.Gaponik, D. V. Talapin, A. L. Rogach K.
Hoppe, E. V. Shevchenko, A. Kornowski, A.
Eychmu1ller, H. Weller. Thiol-capping of
CdTe nanocrystals: An alternative to
organometallic synthetic routes//J. Phys.
Chem.- B. 2002. -V. 106, 29. - . 7177 7185.
Summary
Piven N., Khalavka Y., Shcherbak L.
The syntesis and optical properties of SiO2/CdTe nanostructures
SiO2/nnCdTe structures were synthesized by cadmium telluride nanocrystals precipitation on SiO2
micelles. It was obtained that introduction of small SiO2 quantity even into the solution for CdTe synthesis
caused photoluminescent intensity three times reduction and increases electron-hole recombination time
(Stocks shift). Full width half maximum (FWHM) values witnes narrower size dispersion of SiO2/CdTe (22
33 n) nanocomposites in comparison with those the CdTe case (28-36 ). Transmission electron
microscopy results demonstrate existence of the SiO2/CdTe nanocomposites spherical particles of 5 -20 nm
sizes that depend of symbaticly yon the introducing SiO2 content. Linear type of kinetic curves of the CdTe
nanoparticles growth on the SiO2 differs from exponential ones in CdTe case.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
75
.., .. .
647.217.4:542.943

.., ..

. .
,
.
: , , .
76
CH-
:
R/H + ROOH R/. + RO. + H2O.
, -.
.
.
,
: CoAc2, CoSt2,
MnSt2, V2O5.

[2].

(. 1).

(. 1).
,

-
:
W = k [ ] .
25
[-O-O-] 102,/

.

, ,
;
.

,
, , ,
, .
,
.

(,
);

.
.
,
.

,

[1].
(
) : , -,
. . ,

,
. -
-
20
15
10
5
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
t,
. 1.
. = 363,
C6H5Cl, [CoSt2] = 210-3 /
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. .
1
RC(O)OOC(CH3)2C6H5
. = 363
/
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
-
C6H5Cl
-
C6H5Cl
14
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C3H7
C3H7
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
C6H5Cl
C6H5Cl
C6H5Cl
C6H5Cl
C6H5Cl
C6H5Cl
22
C6H5Cl
-
-
-
-
CoAc2
CoSt2
MnSt2
V 2O 5
V 2O 5
-
MnSt2
MnSt2
CoSt2
CoSt2
CoSt2
V 2O 5
V 2O 5
-
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
C7H15
(.1),
:
- < <

. k ,
. ,
(.1) ,
R

.

.
-. ,
, , : (
), (
)
( ).

,
.

-
.

[], [],
103 /
5,0
2,5
5,0
10,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
5/
5/
5,0
30,0
2,0
5,0
2,0
5,0
10,0
5/
5/
5,0
k103, .-1
5,47
4,64
11,2
5,9
4,47
12,8
11,66
9,0
6,4
5,5
6,0
7,2
7,6
10,5
12,0
11,0
18,8
21,0
16,6
12,0
14,1
10,5

.
(.1)
.

-
.
.

- (.1, . 2) ,

, , .
-
,
,
- .
-

- .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
77
14
k 103, -1
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
12
[-] 103, /
.2.

-
V() = 15.; = 363;
[] = 0,1 /
,
, () ,
[3].

- [4].
,
,

. (.3). (.3),
- . - .

, 2,910-3 -1.
78
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
(x/Rt-x/Ro)105

(CoAc2, CoSt2,
MnSt2, V2O5),
[2].
.1.
.1, (CoAc2, CoSt2)

,
-
. MnSt2
V2O5
,
(. 1). -V2O5- ,

.
,

- .
105
.., .. .
0
100
t,
.3.
(1) (2)
, = 363
,

.

.

.
(CoAc2, CoSt2, MnSt2, V2O5)
,
()
.
-
. -
, ,
.

(. 1). (. 1),

.

. (.1).
(210-3/)
MnSt2 .
.
CoSt2 k
(.1, .4).

, CoSt2 .

[5, 6].
,
.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. .
25
k 103, -1
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
12
[CoSt2] 103, /
.4.

CoSt2. = 363. [] = 0,1/.
C6H5Cl
V2O5
, (.1), - k .
,

.

.
,
- .
, - .
1. .., .., ..

// .
: . .
. . 307: . : ,
2006. . 8 12.
2. .., ..,
.. 2- //
. . . 1989. . 55, 12. .
1316 1319.
3. ..

. . . . . .
2002. 377 .
4. ..
// .
. 1999. . 73. - 4. . 661 665.
5. .., .
.: . 1984. 376 .
6. .., .., ..

// . 1994. .
63, 9. . 793 809.
Summary
Ryndych N.O., Lyavynets O.S.
Kinetic characterization of peroxyesters decomposition
We have investigated the decomposition of peroxyesters in the different solvents using different
components (inhibitor and catalysts). The experiments showed that chemical structure of solvent influences
on the direction peroxyesters decomposition.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
79
.., .. CdSb.
621. 357.7:546.56
CdSb
.., ..

CuCl2H2O HClNaClH2O. ,

.
: , , , .
[1,2], -
-Men+-H2O,
,
, Men+

. , ,
,
-
(
) [3].

.
-
,

.

- .
[4],
, 2,3KT
, 6
.
F

,
,
,
[5],
[6],
.
u,
g [7],
u2+ [8].

' , [9].
[10]
.
80
CdSb CdSb
CuCl2.
CdSb,
.

,
5 /.

(.%): HNO3 70, HF 40, HCl
35, H2O2 34, NH4OH 28, H2SO4 96.

, CdSb
1-2 .
1
CdSb
. 50
CuCl2 1,0;
2,0; 4,0; 6,0; 8,0 /.
30 '
1 . Cu2+
[11],

[12].
,
CdSb CuCl2.
:
A Aj
= 0
100% ;
(1)
A0
0 ;

.

CdSb (S=12),
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. CdSb.
(100). [13],
.

. ,

50-11. -1 Pt.

.

.
,
, .
CdSb

(' ); HNO3:HF =
12:1 [114]. 5-6 . 4.

CdSb (. 1).
. 1.
CdSb CuCl2 2
/3. 1 =f(), 2
=f()
=f() =f()

CuCl2. , CuCl2 ( u2+)
. = f() , ,
u2+ ,
,
.
u2+
CuCl2. ,
,
CdSb
.
(. 2) , CuCl2
CdSb.
. 2 . CuCl2
CdSb
2
CuCl2 CdSb , '
Cu2+ ' [15].
[16, 17] ,
- ,

Men+,

.

,
,
,
, - [18].

[19]
,
.

CdSb
. ,
CdSb, Cd
Cu (. 3, 4).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
81
.., .. CdSb.
(. 3, 4),

, = ()
.
. , , .
(. 3, 4)
: CdSb
Cu Cd .
CdSb ,

,
-
:
CdSb + xCu2+ CuxCd1-xSb + xCd2+. (2)
.3. Cu (1), CdSb

(2) Cd(3) CuCl2NaCl
=2,68 CuCl2 2,0 /3.

,
CdSb,
.
[15],
, ,
.
CdSbH2O [10] , CdSb
.

(<2).
,
Cd2+ , Sb3+,
,
,
.
,
dSb
.

Sb()3, HSbO2, Sb2O3, d()2. ,

,
,
.
dSb,
,
. ,
.
[10], ,

u2+, u+, u()2, u()3- u()42-.
,
-NaCl
dSb, , (.5-6).
. 4. Cu(1) CdSb
(2) Cd(3) CuCl2NaCl
=2,68 CuCl2 2,0 /3.

=1,0

= f().
(. 3, 4),
.

, -
82
. 5. Cu ( 1), Cd
( 2) CdSb ( 3) .

. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. CdSb.
. 6. Cu ( 1), Cd
( 2) CdSb ( 3) .
=1,0
,
=f() dSb-
S- ,
>2,5. ,
2,4-2,6, 0,028 , 0,06 . , <2,5
dSb-
'
(-0,036 ) ,
.
,
dSb-
.

dSb
.
1. .., ..
. .: , 1965.
338 .
2. ..
. : , 1995.
120 .
3. ,
.. ,
..
, ..

// . . . 1991. .57,
8. . 830834.
4. .. . .: , 1974. 568 .
5. .. : . 1
. :
, 2002. 254 .
6. ..
. .:
. , 1974. 164 .
7. .., .., ..
.

// . 2003.
5. . 3437.
8. / .
.. . .: , 1981. 488 .
9. .. // 1998. .
67, 2. . 3547.
10.
..,
..
CdSbCu2+H2O //
. :
. 307. .
2006. . 9397.
11. . . .: . 1974. 274 .
12. ., .
. .: , 1983.
254 .
13. .. 820250 , 3 23 3/02.
. /
.., ..; .
. - () 2850760/22 02.
10.12.79.
14. ..

: . . .
. . ., 1989. 16.
15. ..
:
. . . . ,
1997. 39 .
16. ..
. .
. 1978,
11.
17. ..
//.
. . 1980. . 53, 3. . 8392.
18. .., ..
.: .
, 1981. 332 .
19. ..
.: ,
1971. 480 .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
83
.., .. CdSb.
Summary
Sema O. V., Voloshchuk A.G.

Kinetics and potenciometrichne research of contact selection of Cuprum is on CdSb
Kinetics of contact selection of Cuprum is probed on crystals cadmium of stibid and them electrode
conduct in solutions of the systems of CuCl2H2O and HClNaClH2O. It is shown that degree of contact
selection of Cuprum and electrode potential the cadmium of stibidu in the probed solutions depends on the
size of rn solution and method of previous treatment of surface cadmium of stibidu.
84
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. - .
547.781:831
-
.., ..

3-(-)-4--6--2 3-()-4--6--2. -
1,4- 2, 15%-
. 2- 3-(-)-4--6--2 3-(-)
.
: 3-(-)-4--6--2, , .

:
(, , .), ;
; ;
[1-2].
3- 4-2. , 4-2 [3]. 2-,
3 .
[4-7] 1,4--
2- , .

,
.
- (1-3), 3-(-)-4--6-2 [8] :
-, -, -.
, - (1-3) '
1,4- 2- (4-6),
15%- 1,4 (7-9) ( 1).

(
HNO3
).
H
N
O
2 R NH2
C=O
Cl
-RNH2 . HBr
COCH2HNR 1
1-3
CH2Br
NaSCN
N
N
R
4-6
15% HNO3
SH
N
N
R
7-9
1,
R=3-(4--6--2-),
R1= 4-ClC6H4 (1, 4, 7),
4-CH3C6H4 (2, 5, 8), 4-NO2C6H4 (3, 6, 9)
,
-
(1-9) . 1.
-
1575, 1265, 1105, 940, 915, 740 -1.
620-650 -1 ' C-S.

( 12),
(, , ).
,

[1-2]. , , 2- .
2- (10), 3-(-)4--6--2 3-(2-{2-[1-(1--2-)]}-1,3--4-)-4--6-2 (11) ( 2).
. . . 422.: . , 2008
85
.., .. - .
H
N
CH3
C NNHCNH2
N
H

(12-14) 1710-1725 -1.
O
C O
Cl
CH2Br
10
N
H
H
N
O
N
S
CCH2Br
CH3
C NNHCNH2
10
HBr
Cl
R
O
CH3 N
N N C
H
N
H
C2H5OH
N
O
11
HBr
.
CH3 N
N N C
H
N
H
12-14
3,
R = H (12), NO2 (13), 5,6- (14)
2 (10) 3-(-) [9-11] , , (12-14)

( 3), -
. 2.
(1114) -,
1540-1550 -1. 1630-1695 -1
,
C=N .
- (11)

1645 -1 NH
3350 -1. -

6--3-[(4-)]4--2(1)- (1), 6--3-[(4)]-4-2(1)-
(2),
6--3-[(4-)-]-4--2(1)- (3).
1.88 (0.005 ) 3-(-)-4--6--2 15

5
. ' 30 .
,
. ,

. 1.
R1
, %
1
, -,
2-, (1-9)
. .,
(
)
4-ClC6H4
84
193-195 ()
16.84
6.91
C23H16Cl2N2O2
16.75
6.62
4-CH3C6H4
85
179-181 ()
8.21
6.53
C24H19ClN2O2
8.80
6.95
4-NO2C6H4
80
203-204 ()
8.06
9.23
C23H16ClN3O4
8.17
9.69
4-ClC6H4
69
15.64
8.28
6.27
C24H15Cl2N3OS
15.27
9.05
6.90
4-CH3C6H4
78
7.12
9.88
7.58
C25H18ClN3OS
7.99
9.47
7.22
4-NO2C6H4
63
6.98
11.66
6.03
C24H15ClN4O3S
7.47
11.80
6.75
4-ClC6H4
86
16.52
9.64
C24H15Cl2N3O
16.40
9.72
4-CH3C6H4
88
8.12
9.58
C25H18ClN3O
8.61
10.20
4-NO2C6H4
75
7.79
11.98
C24H15ClN4O3
8.01
12.65
86
235-236 ()
230-232 ()
238-240 ()
205-207 ()
208-210 )
249-251 ()
, %
Cl
. . . 422.: . , 2008
, %
Cl
.., .. - .
2
, %
, %
, %
, (12-14)
12
80
13
NO2
88
>270 ()
14.85
15.70
5.83
C21H15BrN6O4S
15.15
15.94
6.08
14
5,6-
52
>270 ()
14.73
12.95
5.92
C25H18BrN5O2S
15.01
13.15
6.02
. .,
(
)
250-252 (
)
Br
16.27
14.27
6.52
6--3-[1-(4-)-2-1--4-]-4--2(1)-
(4), 6--3-[1-(4-)-2-1--4-]-4--2(1)-
(5), 6--3-[1-(4-)-2-1--4-]-4--2(1)-
(6). 0.005 (1-3) 70

0.41 (0.005)
0.52 .
' 3 .
,
. ,
. 1.
6--3-[1-(4-)-1-4-]-4--2(1)- (7), 6--3[1-(4-)-1--4-]-4--2(1)- (8), 6--3-[1-(4-)-1--4-]-4-2(1)- (9). 0.005 (4-6)
70 15%- '
1 .
,
. ,
. 1.
2-
(10). 1.6 (0.01 ) 2-- 0.91 (0.01 )
25 1 .
, . 1.90 (82%). . . = 230-232 . %: N 29.77; S
13.48. C10H11N5S. , %: N 30.02; S
13.74.
3-(2-{2-[1-(1--2-)]}-1,3--4-)-4--6--2 (11). 2.33
(0.01 ) (10) 3.77 (0.01 )
3-(-)-4--6--2
Br
C21H16BrN5O2S
16.57
14.52
6.65
15 0.5 .

. 4.7
(81%). . . =
263-265 . %: Br 13.26; Cl 5.67; N
15.02; S 5.48. C27H20BrClN6OS. , %:
Br 13.50; Cl 5.99; N 14.20; S 5.42.
3-(2-{2-[1-(1--2-)]}-1,3--4-)
- (12), 3-(2-{2-[1-(1--2-)]}-1,3--4)-6-- (13), 3-(2-{2[1-(1--2-)]}-1,3--4-)-5,6- (14). 2.33 (0.01 )
(10)
: 3-(-)-, 3-()-6-, 3-(-)-5,6- 15
0.5 .

. ,
. 2.
, 3-(-)-4--6--2-
1,4- 2-,
15 %- .
3-()-4--6--2, 3-()
2-,
, , .
. . . 422.: . , 2008
87
.., .. - .
1. .. . .: , 2000. . 1. 544 .
2. .. . .: , 2000. . 2. 608 .
3. .., ..,
.., .., .. 2-4-. , , - // ,
, 1991. 21. . .
13.06.91, 870. 91.
4. Porretta G.C., Scalzo M., Artico M., Biava
M., Panico S., Simonetti N. Chemotherapeutic
agents with an imidazole moiety. I. Synthesis
and antifungal activities of 1-aryl-4-pnitrophenylimidazoles // Farmaco: Ed. Sci.
1985. Vol. 40, 6. . 404-416.
5. Porretta G.C., Cerreto F., Fioravanti R.,
Scalzo M., Fischetti M., Riccardi F.
Chemotherapeutic agents with an imidazole
moiety. II. Synthesis and biological activities
of new 1,4-diarylimidazoles // Farmaco: Ed.
Sci. 1988. Vol. 43, l. . 15-28.
6. .., ..,
.., .., ..
1--5--2--
// .-. . 1989. . 23,

11. . 1329-1331.
7. .. ..,
.., .., ..,
..
// .-. . 1996. . 30,
5. . 50-51.
8.
..,
..,
.. 3-4--6--2 // .
. . . -: .
. . 307: . : ,
2006. . 87-93.
9. .., ..,
.., ..
//
. . . 1991. . 61, . 8.
. 1856-1862.
10. .., ..,
.., ..
-
5,6- // . . .
1992. . 62, . 3. . 661-667.
11. ..
- : . . . : , 2004.
130 c.
Summary
Skripskaya O.V., Yagodinets P.I.
Synthesis of quinolone- and coumarincontaining derivatives of imidazoles
It was shown that cyclocondensation of 3-(-bromacetyl)-4-phenyl-6-chloro-2-oxoquinoline and
3-(-bromacetyl)coumarines with thiosemicarbazone 2-acetylbenzimidazole are able to form
2-substituted benzimidazoles. Condensation of 2-oxoquinolincontaining -aminoketones with natrium
thiocyanate let us to obtain 1,4-disubstituted mercaptoimidazoles.
88
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ....
621.794.42

..*, ..*, ..**, .*.
*
-
**
- ()
,
. ,

, .
,
.
: , , , ,
, , .
-

. ,

.
,
[1-5].

,
,
,
[6-8].

:

;
; -
; ;
,
;
.
. , . ,
.

, .
[9,10], ,
, , , , . [11],

.
,

.

.
,
,

,
.
[3],
,
.
, ,

, .
,
.
.

,
,
,

. ,

,
. . . 422.: . , 2008
89
.., .., .., .. ....
. - ,
.
( , , )

,
,

(, ).
(. 1
5),

,
.
,
,

, ,
. . ,

,
.
,
, ,
,
.
.
,
. ,

.
,

,

.
,

.

,

90
. ,
,
,
, .
. 1.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3
10
. 2.
1
Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3 10
. 3.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO;
3 10
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ....
. 4.
1
Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3 10
. 5.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3
10
,
- ().
,

. -
.
,
(. 6 10).
,

,
. ,

, .
-
. ,
,
. 6.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3
10
. 7.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3
10
. 8.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3 10
.

.

,
.

.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
91
.., .., .., .. ....
. 9.

1 Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3
10
. 10.

1
Fe2O3; 2 FeO; 3 3.
,

. ,
,
, .
,

.

.
,

()
(. 1.).
,

,
.

92

.
, (. 1),

,
. ,

,
,

, ,

,
.

. ,
, ,
.
1. ..
.
. - .: , 1968. .2,
.203-208.
2. .., ..
.: , 1985. 240 .
3. . ., ..,
.. . .:
, 1981. 183 .
4. ..
. .: , 1976. 472.
5.
:
: , . /
. .., ...
.: , 1987-280 .
6. ., .

// .
1983. .29, 15. .717-721.
7. ..

// . .
. 1997.-.63.- 4. .101-109.
8. .., ..,
.. // . 1998.
.34. 4. .378-383.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ....
9. .., .., ..

. //
2007: . . 2007.
.138.
10. .., .., ..,
.., .. -

// . 2007. 3. .27-30.
11. 23381
//
., .., ..,
.., .., ..
25 2007 .
.1
, /3
0
1
2
3
5
7,5
10
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
1,0
1,5
2,0
0-0
1 0,2
2 0,4
3 0,6
51
7,5 - 1,5
10 2
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
1,0
1,5
2,0
0-0
1 0,2
2 0,4
3 0,6
51
7,5 - 1,5
10 - 2
Fe - FeO
Fe - Fe2O3

Fe -FeO
Fe2O3
0,142
0,122
0,112
0,103
0,093
0,083
0,075
0,136
0,115
0,105
0,094
0,087
0,075
0,070
0,110
0,098
0,089
0,082
0,071
0,068
0,060
0,115
0,101
0,091
0,080
0,071
0,063
0,060
0,095
0,080
0,072
0,067
0,060
0,055
0,052
0,080
0,065
0,057
0,050
0,045
0,042
0,040
0,142
0,132
0,121
0,110
0,101
0,095
0,090
0,136
0,121
0,115
0,105
0,096
0,090
0,085
0,110
0,102
0,095
0,088
0,080
0,073
0,070
0,115
0,106
0,098
0,090
0,086
0,083
0,081
0,095
0,090
0,082
0,078
0,077
0,076
0,075
0,080
0,073
0,071
0,069
0,067
0,066
0,065
0,142
0,117
0,106
0,093
0,081
0,070
0,062
0,136
0,110
0,100
0,090
0,075
0,062
0,055
0,110
0,092
0,080
0,068
0,053
0,048
0,045
0,115
0,097
0,088
0,072
0,067
0,053
0,050
0,095
0,078
0,063
0,052
0,047
0,045
0,042
0,080
0,060
0,052
0,042
0,039
0,037
0,035
0,142
0,136
0,125
0,115
0,109
0,103
0,100
0,136
0,125
0,120
0,110
0,102
0,098
0,095
0,110
0,105
0,098
0,092
0,085
0,082
0,080
0,115
0,110
0,102
0,096
0,094
0,092
0,090
0,095
0,090
0,089
0,087
0,860
0,860
0,085
0,080
0,076
0,075
0,074
0,073
0,072
0,072
0,142
0,120
0,109
0,097
0,085
0,075
0,068
0,136
0,112
0,104
0,096
0,081
0,076
0,068
0,110
0,098
0,085
0,075
0,058
0,054
0,051
0,115
0,102
0,092
0,077
0,065
0,059
0,055
0,095
0,083
0,068
0,057
0,050
0,046
0,045
0,080
0,065
0,057
0,049
0,046
0,042
0,040
. . . 422.: . , 2008
93
.., .., .., .. ....
Summary
Vodyanka V.R., Boruk S.D., Makarov A.S., Kushnir S.V.
Influence of urea and thiosimicarbazide derivatives an aggregative and sedimentation
stabiliti of iron hydrosyspensions and its corrosion.
It has been shown that intensity of the inter-particle interaction in a system metal/corrosion products can
be influenced by addition of the urea and thiosemicarbaside derivatives to the steel etching solution.
Occurring of the positive disjoining pressure between a metal surface and rust/scoria particles was registered
as a result of adsorption. This process can provide more effective cleaning of the metal surface. The
contacting surface increases as a result of destruction of the aggregated corrosion particles, which also
increases effectiveness of their dissolution.
94
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. .
547.758:789

.., ..

2,3-
. ,
4- 1,3- - 2,5-
1,2,3-.
: 3-(-), , , , .

,

[1-3]. ,
,
3-(-),

[4, 5].

, , 3-(-). , [6],
2,4- . 2,3- ( 1).
-, -, - (1-3),
. 1.
,
. , n- (1) -
75%. , ,
N--2,4, 10% [7].
, , ,

.
. 1,
-
(2, 3) , (1),
.
-
[8].
,
(1) , N--2,4-, . 470 , ,
4

34 .
COCH2Cl
S
+ H2NC(S)CH3
CH3
CH3I
H
H
C
S
n-R1C6H4CHO
S
R
CH3
+N
_
CH3
I
+
N
_
CH3
I
1-3
H
C
n-(CH3)2NC6H4N=O
CHC6H4R1-n
NC6H4N(CH3)2-n
+
N
_
CH3
I
4
1,
R = 3-; R1 = N(CH3)2 (1), NO2 (2), OCH3 (3)
. . . 422.: . , 2008
95
.., .. .
1
- (1-3)
,
%
. .,
(.)
., (lg )
( )
75
182
80
68
, %
N
504 (4.25)
8.35
6.37
161
480 (3.92)
8.31
170
494 (4.05)
5.72

-,

(4), 528 (lg 3.94) ( 1).
,
=- =N- 24 .

[9-14],
.
,
N-()-2(4)- , N- [7,
15-19].

[20]
4-.
, 4-
1,3- 2,5- 1,2,3 (5) ( 2).
, %
C22H22N3S
8.62
6.58
6.30
C20H16N3O2S
8.58
6.55
6.54
C21H19N2OS
5.90
6.76
, ,
1,2,3- , ,
N-1- ,
[21-23].
, 4- , '
.
, '
,
'
,
1,3- .
, 24
, , - , . ,

-
. [24, 25].
,
Ph3P=CHCOR ( R=3, 65, 64NO24) 3 > 65 > 64NO2-4.
C C PPh3
_
+
H
O
+ N N N COC6H4NO2- 4
N
H
+
PPh3
O
R1
ROC
C
_
N
CH
N
R1
ROC
_
O
+
PPh3
CH
R1
- Ph3PO
H
C
C
N
C(O)R
5
2,
R = 4-O2NC6H4 (5); R1 = 3-
96
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. .
n-H3CC6H4SO2N3
. ,
4-
10 , R=65
1 ,
R=3 15 [26].
- 2,5-
(5) 1180, 1130,
1070, 1010 -1, 1,2,3- [27].
N-COR 726 -1,
[26],
3415 -1 NH
. 1515
1350 -1 .

6.72 (, -
), 7.42-8.10 ( 8
, NH ), 8.31 . . (,
1, ).

2-(-)-4-(3-)3- (1), 2-(-)4-(3-)-3- (2), 2-()-4-(3-)-3- (3). 0.002 2,3-4-(3-) 0.002 10
30-45 .

.
(. 1).
2-(-)-4-(3-)-3--2- (4). 0.35 (0.001
) 2,3--4-(3-), 0.15 (0.001 ) -- 10 3
1 .
, .
0.27 (56%). . .
. 225-227. , %: N 11.29; S 6.25.
C21H21IN4S. , %: N 11.47; S 6.56.
2-(4-)-5-(3-)-1,2,3- (5). 0.84 (0.002 ) 20
0.38 (0.002 ) 4-
1 (
). , . . 0.43 (65%).
. . . 174-176.
, %: 61.06; 3.10; N 20.78.
17H11N5O3. , %: 61.26; 3.33; N
21.01.
2,3-
.
,
4-

1,3-
2,5- 1,2,3-.
12.
..
. .: , 2000. . 1.
544 .
13.
..
. .: , 2000. . 2.
608 .
14.
..,
..
,
// . . 1972. . 41, .
9. . 1627-1659.
15.
3-
: .. 1267765
, 07 F 9/54/ .. ,
.. , .. , ..
(). 3714634; .
09.12.83; . 01.07.86.
16. .., ..,
..
// .
. 2004. 6. . 75-78.
17. Arya V.P., David J., Grewal R.S., Kaul C.L.,
Mizzoni R.H., Rajappa S., Shenoy S.J.
Synthesis and CNS depressant activity of
some 2,3-disubstituted indoles // Indian J.
Chem. B. 1977. Vol. 15, 5. . 473477.
18. ..
. .:
, 1979. 666 .
19. .., ..,
..
. XLIX.
N-
// . . . 1965. . 1,
. 8. . 1484-1486.
20. Frster Th. Quantenmechanischen rechnungen
zur theorie der organischen farbstoffe //
Z.phys. Chem.B. 1940. Bd. 48, 1.
S.12-16.
21. Knott E.B. The colour of organic compounds.
Part. I. A general colour rule // J. Chem. Soc.
1951. 4. P. 1024-1028.
22. Dewar M.J.S. Colour and constitution. Part I.
Basic dyes // J. Chem. Soc. 1950. 9.
. 2329-2334.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
97
.., .. .
23. Kuhn
H.
Electrnengasmodell
zur
quantitativen deutung der lichtabsorption von
organischen farbstoffen II. Teil B. Strung des
electronengases durch heteroatome // Helv.
chim. acta. 1951. Vol. 34, 290-291. .
2371-2402.
24. ..

. I. // . .
. 1964. . 30, 9. . 929-934.
25. ..

. III.

// . . . 1965. . 31, 11.
. 1171-1177.
26.
..,
..

. . N
// . . . 1958. . 28, .
5. . 1320-1324.
27.
..,
..

. V.
N-
// .
. . 1962. . 32, . 5. .
1408-1411.
28.
..,
..

. . N
//
. . . 1963. . 33, . 10.
. 3223-3228.
29.
..,
..,
.., ..
, 1 // . .
. 1970. . 40, . 10. . 22672271.
30.
..,
..

// . .
. 1948. . 14, . 1. . 29-44.
31. .., ..,
.., .., ..
// . . .
1984. . 54, . 4. . 772-775.
32. Ykman P., L'abbe G., Smets G. Reactions of
-keto- and -ester phosphorus ylides with
carbonyl azides. Isomerization of the reaction
products // Tetrahedron Lett. 1970. 60.
. 5225-5228.
carbonyl azides with -keto phosphorus ylides.
Synthesis of N-2 acyl and N-2 carbethoxy-1,2,3triazoles // Tetrahedron. 1971. Vol. 27,
22. . 5623-5629.
carbethoxyalkylidenetriphenylphosphoranes
with aryl azides // Tetrahedron. 1973. Vol.
29, 1. . 195-198.
35. Speziale A.J., Ratts K.W. Reactions of
phosphorus compounds. VII. Carbanion
stabilization and resulting effects on P-ylid
reactivity // J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963. Vol.
85, 18. P. 2790-2795.
36. Fliszr S., Hudson R.F., Salvadori G. Etude du
mcanisme de la raction des drivs
phosphomthylniques et des phosphobtaines
avec le benzaldhyde // Helv. chim. acta.
1963. Vol. 46, 5. P. 1580-1588.
37. Harvey G.R. The reactions of phosphorus
compounds. XII. A new synthesis of 1,2,3triazoles and diazo esters from phosphorus
ylides and azides // J. Org. Chem. 1966.
Vol. 31, 5. . 1587-1590.
38. ..
:
. . .: , 1966. 660 .
Summary
Yagodinets P.I., Skripskaya O.V.
Synthesis and investigation of new derivatives of indole
The methods of the synthesis of dyes based on substituted thiazolium salt were developed and their
spectral properties were investigated. It has been shown that -keto-stabilized phosphorus ylide reacts with
carbonyl azide to give substituted 1,2,3-triazole.
98
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ...

538.95

.., .., .., ..

.

, , .

.
: , , , ,
, .

- .
(CdSe, GaN) [3],

( 800 380 ),
- ,
(CdS) [4], (CdSe, CdTe) [5, 6],
(dS, CuS) . .
,

.

,
.

,
,
.
,
[7].
(
,
, ,
)
.
,

,

.
:
- (
);
- (,
,
, ).
,

[8]. - :
,
,
,
.

[1, 2, 7-11].

.

,

[8]. ,
[1, 2, 8-11]

.
Fe3O4 ,
Fe(CO)5 [11]. ,

.
,
,

.

. . . 422.: . , 2008
99
.., .., .., .. ...
,

.

: (.);
(NH4)2Fe(SO4)6H2O (.);
(.); (,,.);
(.); (.);
, , ,
(.); 18
.
-
, [9],
Fe2(SO4)3 (
2:1), 20%-
,
.

:
(1)
Fe3+ + 3OH- FeO(OH) + H2O;
Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2;
(2)
2FeO(OH) + Fe(OH)2 Fe3O4 + 2H2O. (3)

:
2Fe3+ + Fe2+ + 8NH3 + 4H2O
(4)
Fe3O4 + 8NH4+.

(. 1).

[10], 20 %
0,01 M
Fe2+ 0,02 M Fe3+.
,

1 .

.

,

.

.
,

- .
1.

1.
2.
0,01 M Fe2 +,
0,02 M Fe3+
V=100
0,01 M Fe2 +,
0,02 M Fe3+
V=100
12 20 % NH4OH
10 -.
~1
12 20 % NH4OH
10 -.
~1
. 1. Fe3O4
100
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ...

.

.
, . .

[10]

.

.

. ,

.

Fe3O4

()
-.

-4 1200
/ .
2
1
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
550
750
950
1150
,

.
,

10-15 ,
, .

,
.
.3. - ,
: ) , )

.
.

.
,
-

,

,
.
. 2.
Fe3O4,
(1 - ; 2-
4 )

Fe3O4

970-980
.
.4.

. . . 422.: . , 2008
101
.., .., .., .. ...
,
.

5 300
-0.1
+0.1 (. 4, 5). [11],
,
.

10 (10
).

(. 4),

.
.5. 5

.4. 5 300

,

.
102

,

.
1. O.Buluy,
E.Ouskova,
Yu.Reznikov,
A.Glushchenko,
J.West,
V.Reshetnyak.
Magnetically Induced Alignment of FerroNematic Suspension on PVCN-F Layer //
Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals. 2002.
V. 375. . 81 - 87.
2. C. Scherer, A. M. Figueiredo Neto.
Ferrofluids: Properties and Applications //
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .., .., .. ...
3.
4.
5.
6.
Brazilian Journal of Physics. 2005. V. 35,

3A. .718-727.
Y. Chen and Z. Rosenzweig. Luminescent
CdS Quantum Dots as Selective Ion Probes //
Anal. Chem. 2003. Vol. 74. P. 51325138.
X. Michalet, F. Pinaud, T.D. Lacoste, M.
Dahan, M. P. Bruchez, A. P. Alivisatos and
Sh. Weiss. Properties of Fluorescent
Semiconductor Nanocrystals and their
Application to Biological Labeling // Single
Mol. 2001. Vol.2, 4. . 261-276.
D.R. Larson, W.R. Zipfel, R.M. Williams,
S.W. Clark, M.P. Bruchez, F.W. Wise, W.W.
Webb. Water-Soluble Quantum Dots for
Multiphoton Fluorescence Imaging in Vivo //
Science. 2003. Vol.300. P. 1434 1436.
. ., ..,
.., ..

// .
. . 1996. . 32, 2.
.102 106.
7. .. , .. , ..
, .., .. ,
.. .
//
. 2007. .11, 2.
.4-6.
8. L. Willis, N. J. Turro, S. OBrien.
Spectroscopic Characterization of the Surface
of Iron Oxide Spectroscopic Characterization
of the Surface of Iron Oxide Nanocrystals //
Chem. Mater. 2005. V.17. . 59705975.
9. J-H Lee, Y-M Huh, Y-W Jun at al. Artificially
engineered magnetic nanoparticles for ultrasensitive molecular imaging // Nature
Medicine. 2007. V. 13. . 95-99.
10. Berger P., Adelman N. B., Beckman K. J.,
Campbell D. J., Ellis A. B., Lisensky G. C //
Journal of Chemical Education. 1999. V.
76. .943-8.
11. .
,
..
.
. ., 2006. 336 .
Summary
Jovtiuk O.V., Sytnyk M.S., Kushnir V.M., Korovyanko O.O.
Stabilization influence behavior on the properties of Magnetite nanoparticles
In this work we present the stabilization influence behavior on the properties of Magnetite nanoparticles.
Absorption, scanning electron spectroscopy and magnetization were used for the investigation of the
magnetite nanomaterials. Undecilenic acid and derivatives are proposed for the ferromagnetic nanocrystals
stabilization and for obtain of their composite systems.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
103
.., .. .
544.435

.., ..*

* -
,
. - ,
N. N=5
G-, - .
: , , , , G .
[1]

.
,

.

,

,
= R exp(iS / h).

[2-5].

,
[1], :
r r
dp dp
t
T=
= (s&, r&1 ,..., r&M )G (s&, r&1 ,..., r&M ) , (1)

2 dt dt 2
G ,
; s ,
; ri
. ,
N=5, G- (.
(9) [1]):
2 + M a 2
j =1 j
a1
G=
a2
a3
a4
104
a1
a2
a3
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
a4
0
0 (2)

,
:
h 2 1 2 1 2 ik
T =
g
g g
2
q i
q k
(3)
qk , g
G-, g ik
G-1. , g - s r1 , g ik
s {rl } . ,
,
(3)
.
T ,
, [1].
N=5,
( 3 = 4 = 0 ),
1 = , 2 = .
T
,
, ,
:
T = T ( ) + T (1) ( , ) + T ( 2 ) ( , ) ,
(4)
T ( ) , T (1) ( , ) , T ( 2 ) ( , )
:

T ( ) = 1 1 +
2
s
s
h

2
+ 4j =2 2
+
r1 r1
r j
. . . 422.: . , 2008
(5)
.., .. .

2 (1)
1
+
T ( , ) = r2 1 1

2
h
r1 r1
s
s

+
r1 1
r2 r2
s
1

2 ( 2 )
T ( , ) =
2
h

2
2 2
1
2
r1
+ r1
r
r
+
+ r2
2 2 1
2
r2
r1
r2
r2
r1
, T (1) ( , ) (6)
s
r1, r2 , T (1) ( , ) (7)
r1, r2
. ,
= 0, (4)
.
T ( ) .
-
,
,

.
(q, t ) = R(q, t ) exp(iS (q, t ) / h) ,
R (q, t ) S (q, t ) ,
R (q, t ) 0.
(q, t ) = R (q, t ) 2 ,

r
r
v = (1/ )S .
( q, t )

(1)
, :
ij
1 2
1 2 ij
R
1 Rg S ij + Rg (g g )i S j
=
t
2 + 2 Ri g ij S j
S
1
=
S i g ij S j
t 2
1
r2
.
r1
(7)
r
r
/ t = ( v ).

r
r
( J = v )
[6]
r r
r
v ek = (v )k = 1 g kj S j ;
(10)
r r
r
J = g 1 2 (g 1 2 (v )k )k = 1 g 1 2 (g 1 2 g kj S j )k .(11)
(11) = R 2
,

(8) ,
t = 2 R(R t ) , ,
.
G 1 ,
g jk = jk . (8)
:
R
1
=
RS jj + 2 R j S j .
t
2
(12)
(9) -
,
.

, ,
r
S i = g ij S j . ,
( )
(8)
(9)

[6]:
r r
r
r
S S = S i g ij S j = S k g kl S l
(13)
h2
g 1 2 (g 1 2 g ij )i R j + g ij Rij + V ( q)
2 R
(6)
, (3),
,
, ,
R j = R q j Sij = 2 S qi q j .
(8) ,
g ik g ij g jl = g kl ,
( ) ( )

(9)
.
:
2 R = g 1 2 (g 1 2 g ij )i R j + g ij Rij .
(14)
Q = ( h 2 / 2 )R 1 2 R [2] (13)(14), (9)
. . . 422.: . , 2008
105
.., .. .
-
:
(15)
( 2 ) R = C (RS ) + C (RS ) + C (R S ) .
2
(16)
1 1
:
S ss + ( 2 + r22 2 )S r1r1 +
C (RS 2 ) = R + ( 2 + r12 2 )S r2r2 +

2
+ S r3r3 + S r4r4 + S r5r5
S s ( 1 )s + S r1 ( 1 ( 2 + r22 2 ))r1
C (RS1 ) = R
1
1
+ S s r2 ( )r1 + S r1 r2 ( )s
S r1 1r1 2 + S r2 r1 ( 1 )s +
R
1
2
+ S r2 r2 ( r1 )r1
(18)
Rs S s + ( 2 + r22 2 )Rr1 S r1 +
C (R1S1 ) = 2 + ( 2 + r12 2 )Rr2 S r2 +

2
+ Rr3 S r3 + Rr4 S r4 + Rr5 S r5
r2 S s Rr1 + S r1 Rs
+ 2 r1 S s Rr2 + S r2 Rs
r1r2 S r1 Rr2 + S r2 Rr1
(19)
-
(9) :
r
(2 )S S = (S ) + ( + r )(S ) +
+ ( + r )(S ) +
+ [(S ) + (S ) + (S ) ] +
2
2
1
2
2
r3
r1
(20)
r2
r4
r5
+ 2 r2 S s S r1 r1 S s S r2 r1r2S r1 S r2
Q
Q = Q(1) + Q (2) ,
106
2
2
r1
r1
s 2
r2 1
r2 2
( 2R
(21)
r1
r1 2
1 r1
/ h 2 )Q (2) = Rss + ( 2 + r22 2 )Rr1r1 +

+ ( 2 + r12 2 )Rr2r2 +
(
+ 2 [r R
+ 2 Rr3r3 + Rr4r4 + Rr5r5 +

2
sr1
r1 Rsr2 r1r2Rr1r2

(16)-(21), ,
= 0 . ,
(16)-(21),
( 3 = 4 = 0 ). ,
3 4 -
.
(17)
+ 2 R r2S sr1 r1S sr2 r1r2 2 S r1r2

,
.
(8)-(9)
, .
(8) :
R S, R
S ,
R
S.
:
2
r1
S
1 r r
=
S S + Q + V .
t 2
( 2R / h )Q(1) = R ( ) +
+ R ( ( + r )) +
+ R r ( ) + R r ( )
R r R r ( )
R r ( r )
R S (8)-(9)
,
R t S t
.

,
(,
r
) u [2].
df dt ,
f t
r r
df / dt = f / t + u f (
).
,
,
,
r
r
u = (1/ )S . ,
(8) (9)
,
r r
(1/ )S R (8)
r r
(1/ )S S (9).
1. .. // :
... .364: .
; , 2007. . 38-41.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
.., .. .
2. R.E.Wyatt., Quantum Dynamics with

Trajectories (Springer, New York, 2005).
3. R.E.Wyatt, D.Babyuk, Phys.Rev.E. 2006.
73. -- P.046701
4. D.Babyuk, R.E.Wyatt, J. Chem. Phys.,
2006. 124. P.214109
5. D.Babyuk, R.E.Wyatt, J. Chem. Phys.,

2006. 125. P.064112
6. G.B.Arfken and H.J.Weber, Mathematical
Methods for Physicists, 4-th ed. (Academic
Press, New York, 1995).
Summary
Babyuk D.P., Babyuk O.Ya.
Hydrodynamic approach within quantum description of the reaction path
The kinetic energy operator is obtained in the curvilinear coordinates used in formulation of the reaction
path. The quantum hydrodynamic equations of motion based on this operator are derived for a general case
with N vibrational modes. For simpler case of N=5 and neglecting by two highest hyper-curvatures the Gmatrix, kinetic energy operator and quantum hydrodynamic equations of motion are expanded and analyzed.
. . . 422.: . , 2008
107

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1996

.., .., .., . ................... 56

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

r3+ r42- , 7500

.4. Cr3+ r42-

.., .., .. ....

.., .., .. ....

.., .., .. ....

.., .., .. ....

Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu

.., .., .. ....

.., .., .. .....

4'--4-(). 4,6 (0,01

2,4- 4'--4- (V).

-4- (). 3 (0,015 ) 4- 4 (0,015 )

4'--4- (). 4,6 (0,01 )

.., .., .. .....

-4- (VI). 5,4

%: Br 12,56; N 2.12. 3329BrNS.

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.., .., .. .....

.-.: , 2001.- .2. 608 .

.., .., .., .. - ....

.., .., .., .. - ....

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.., .., .., .. - ....

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.., .., . ., .. ...

.., .., . ., .. ...

.., .., . ., .. ...

3. G. Decher. Fuzzy nanoassemblies: toward

9. J. Sun, M. Gao, J. Feldmann. Electric Field

.., .., .. - ...

.., .., .. - ...

.., .., .. - ...

.., .., .. - ...

* - TiO2//, /: 1 0,019, 2 0,094, 30,188, 4 0,94, 5 1,88.

=310400 > 400 < 520

.., .., .. - ...

1. Fujishima A, Zhang X, Tryk A.

.., .., .. - ...

1000 900 800

1. M. Rosenbluh, I. Antonov, D. Ianetz, Yu.

14. Kellerman G., Craievich A.F., Barbosa L.C.,

Study of CdTe quantum dots grown using a

.., .., .. - ....

.., .., .. - ....

SeO42-+4H++2e-= H2SeO3+ H2O

SeO42-+3H++2e-= HSeO3-+ H2O

SeO42-+2H++2e-= SeO32-+ H2O

Eh=0,74 + 0,0147lg[H2SeO3] - 0,0591 pH