CH4

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

2-1

CH3-CH-CH3
|
CH3
CH3-CH-CH2-CH3
|
CH3

2-2

CH3
|
CH3 -C-CH3
|
CH3

2,3-

CH3- CH - CH-CH3
|
|
CH3 CH3

2,2-

CH3
|
CH3- C-CH2-CH3
|
CH3

2,3-

CH3- CH - CH-CH2-CH3
|
|
CH3 CH3

4,4-3

CH3
|
CH3- C-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3
2,2-

3 .
1
2

CH2=CH2

CH2=CH-CH3

1-

CH2=CH-CH2-CH3

2-

CH3-CH=CH-CH3

3-4

CH2=CH-CH2-CH3
1-

2--2-

CH3-C=CH-CH3
|
CH3

2-

CH3-C=C2
|
CH3

CHCH

CH3-CCH

1-

CH3-CH2-CCH

2-

CH3-CC-CH3

CH3-CC-CH2-CH3

1,3-

1-

CH2=CH-CH=CH2

CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

2-

CH3-CH-CH3
|
OH

2--1-5

CH3-CH-CH2-
|
CH3

.
-1-. .
.
4
5

2--2-6

|
CH3 -C-CH3
|
CH3

1-

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

2-

CH3-CH-CH2-CH3
|
OH
CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH

1--4-7

3--1-

1,2,3-

CH2 - CH- CH2

|
|
|

HCH=O

CH3-CH=O

CH3-CH2-CH=O

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=O

CH3-CH-CH=O
|
CH3

CH2=CH2-CH=O

2-

CH3-CH=CH2-CH=O

CH3-CO-CH3

CH3-CO-CH2-CH3

3-

CH3-CH2-CO-CH2-CH3

4--2-

CH3-CO-CH2-CH2-CH3
|
CH3

HCOOH

CH3-COOH

CH3-CH2-COOH

6
7

-2-
.

CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH

CH3-CH-COOH
|
CH3

2-

CH3-CH2-CH-COOH
|
CH3

2-

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-COOH
|
CH3

CH3-CH-C3
|
Cl

2-

1-

CH3-CH2-C2-CH2-Cl

2-

CH3-CH-C2-CH3
|
Cl

CH3-CH3

CH3-CH2-CH3

CH3-CH2- CH2- CH2-CH3

C2H6

CH3-CH3

CH2=CH2

CH3-CH2-CH=CH2

1-

CH3-CH=CH-CH3

2-

CH3-C=CH2
|
CH3

C3H6

CH3-CH=CH2

CHCH

CH3-CCH

CH3-CH2-CCH10

1-

CH3-CH-CCH
|
C3

11

C2H2

CHCH

CH3OH

CH3-CH2-OH

CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

1-

CH3-CH-CH3
|
OH

2-

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH3
|
OH

2-

CH2=CH-CH2-OH

2--1-

CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH

3--1-

12

CH4O

CH3OH

HCH=O

CH3-CH=

CH3-CH2-CH=

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=

13

14

C2H4O

CH3-CH=

.
CHCH2-C2-CH3
11 .
12 .
13 CH3-CH2-CH
14 .
9

10

CH3- C -CH3
||
O
CH3-CO-CH2-CCH

4--2-

HCOOH
CH3-C

CH3-CH2-C

CH2=CH-C

CH2= CH- CH2-CH2-C

4-

15

CH2O2

HCOOH

1-

CH3-CH2-Cl
CH3-CH2-CH2-Cl

1-

CH3-CH2-CH2-Br

1-

. :

CH2=CH-CH3

CHCH

CHCH

CH3-CH-CH3
|
CH3

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=O

5 CH3-CH-CH2-CH3
|

CH3

4 CH3-CO-CH2-CH3

15

CH3-CH-CH=O
|
CH3

HCOOH

4 CH3-C=CH2
|

CH3

1
CH3-CO-CH3

1


3
4

CH3-COOH

HCH=O

CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

1-

CH3-CH-CH2-CH3
|

2-

CH3-CH-CH3
|

CH3-CH2-CH=O
3

2-