Professional Documents
Culture Documents
China 2
China 2
ModelQC206/300-11.3(6.8)-1.95(0.51)/285(196)
111433SM
IPreface ..................................................................................................................... 3
IIBoiler Specification & Technical Parameter ............................................................. 4
IIIBrief Description of Boiler Structure ....................................................................... 5
1. General Description .............................................................................................. 5
2. Drum ..................................................................................................................... 6
3. Heat Surface ......................................................................................................... 6
4. Steel Structure & Platform and Stair ...................................................................... 6
5. Rapping Hammer System ..................................................................................... 7
6. CasingDuctFurnace Wall ............................................................................... 7
7. Spare & Wear Parts............................................................................................... 7
IVInstruction of Erection ............................................................................................ 7
1. General Provision .................................................................................................. 7
2. Equipment Storage................................................................................................ 8
3. Construction Preparation....................................................................................... 9
4. Erection ............................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Boiler Orientation ........................................................................................... 10
4.2 Installation Flow Chart ................................................................................... 11
4.3 Installation and Acceptance of Steel Structure and Platform & Stair .............. 12
4.4 Installation of the Heat Surface and Inner Casing ......................................... 15
4.5 Installation of Rapping Device ....................................................................... 17
4.6 Drum & Internal Equipment ........................................................................... 18
4.7 InletOutlet duct & Location for Gas Measuring ........................................... 19
4.8 Boiler Proper Piping & Valves ........................................................................ 20
4.9 Hydrotest ....................................................................................................... 20
4.10 Furnace Wall & Insulation ............................................................................ 21
4.11 Painting ........................................................................................................ 24
4.12 Dry-out, Boil-out and Commissioning, etc.................................................... 24
VUsage & Maintenance .......................................................................................... 27
1. Water Quality Requirements ............................................................................... 27
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111433SM
MADE
RVW
CKD
APP
DATE
DATE
DATE
DATE
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111433SM
IPreface
Thank you very much for being a customer of Hangzhou Boiler Group Co., Ltd.
(hereafter, as HBG). We not only supply you high quality product; but also professional
service all the time from a team of experienced engineers.
The points of the usage and the maintenance provided by this instruction are
just the summarization of some partial experiences, which have a particular premise
before they are applied. Maybe they are practical for a unit, while they arent
practical for another. The users should have an understanding of this when using
this instruction. In general, users should work out relevant standards of usage and
the maintenance according to their own conditions.
This instruction just provides the operating instructions of Waste Heat Boilers
and the components belong to the boiler according to the agreement reached by
supplier and retailer. To help users have a better understanding of this instruction,
we also have some suggestions on components out of the scope of supply. However
users cant mistake that it is our obligation.
This instruction is the summarization of the points which should be abided by in
the running and the maintenance of the equipment, but it is not complete and it is
difficult to be complete.
This instruction can only be the first edition before the end of trial running. All
the experiences and knowledge gained during the time of trial running may be used
for the modification and supplement of this instruction. It can replace the first edition
after being organized and then will tend to reach perfection.
The manufacturer of the parts and components should provide the instruction of
the equipment and the applicable standards of work which users should follow
besides this instruction.
If the content of this instruction contravenes local laws and rules, please subject
to local laws and rules without exception.
This instruction is compiled according to the steps of trial running in order of
precedence, and that is equipment description, preparation for startup, startup,
normal running, malfunction and the operating instruction of the stop of the boiler, and
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finally the project points of the relevant equipment maintenance which need to check.
The instruction, one of the technical documents offered by the HBG
accompanying by boiler equipment, emphasizes to introduce: Boiler technical
parameter & structure; Code for construction and usage in order to insure the
performance and safety of the whole boiler and each component. Relevant opinion
and advice of design and safe operation for construction organization. Please refer to
the technical documents and relevant drawings for details of each components
dimension, weight, and other information.
This product, (Model: QC206/300-11.3(6.8)-1.95(0.51)/285(196)), is the Waste
Heat Boiler for kiln rear preheater in the cement produce line (for short PH boiler). This
boiler is located between the kiln rear preheater and the high temperature fan.
With the development of the calcination technology of the cement clinker, the
energy conservation in cement industry has got a great improvement. For the high
temperature waste heat has been reused in the cements production, the energy
consumption of the cement clinker has been decreased to 3000~3300KJ/Kg now, in
contrast to 4600~6700KJ/Kg in the past. But there is still plenty of the middle & low
temperature heat wasted ,that is, the energy waste is still very serious. The heat of the
middle & low temperature waste gas, which is below 400, discharged from the
cement clinker cooling machine of the kiln head and preheater of the kiln rear
accounts for about 35% of the total consume in this system. So its necessary for the
cement supplier to recycle the waste heat through AQC & PH boiler,
it will decrease
the energy consume greatly, thus the competitive capacity of the enterprise will be
increased greatly.
HBG has begun to design the heat recovery boiler for cement kiln since 2002. The
first heat recovery boilers (including kiln head and rear) were put into use in 2003; and
several hundred other units are being in use up to now. The product described here is
the partly optimized design on the base of the former experience.
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Item
Description
111433SM
Value
Unit
11.3(6.8
t/h
1.95(0.51
MPa
285(196)
~142
206000
Nm3/h
300
~156
Dust content
90
g/Nm3
Gas composition
CO2
28.14
N2
60.76
O2
3.5
H2O
7.62
111433SM
point of awning.)
2. Drum
The HP. Drum is 1860mm in diameter with 30mm thickness, and the material is
SA-516 Gr.70. Its located at the top of the steel structure. The LP. Drum is 1836mm
in diameter with 18mm thickness, and the material is SA-516 Gr.70. Its located in the
middle of the steel structure.
Double orifice acts as the Primary Separator of the drum internal equipment, while
the demister the Secondary one. In order to ensure the high steam quality and the
qualified drum water, the drum also has the chemical dosing pipe and surface
blowdown pipe. Rapid drain pipe is fixed in order to control the water lever
conveniently.
In order to keep the safe and convenient operation, there are pressure gauges,
safety valve tube sets on the top of the drum. In the front of the drum, there are a silex
water level gauge and a double-color water level gauge so as to make it easy to set up
the industrial monitoring camera; meanwhile, there is also a set of electrode water
level meter arranged for indicating and alarm in control room; Two water level
balancing containers are installed to record and control the water level.
3. Heat Surface
The flue gas will flow across from up to down, and one HP. superheaters and HP.
evaporators, four HP evaporators, one HP. economizer, and LP. superheater, three LP.
evaporators, and one LP. economizer. are located along the gas direction in turn. To
ensure the safety of the water-steam circulation, some special measures are taken to
the tube and piping of the heating surface.
The material of the tube is SA-210 Gr.A1, and the header is SA-106 Gr.B.
4. Steel Structure & Platform and Stair
Steel structure is designed for seismic intensity no greater than 7 degrees.
In order to keep operation and inspection conveniently, there are 14 floors of
platforms. Except the inspection platform at the top is made of compound chequered
plate, the others are all made of common chequered plate, In order to improve the
operation environment. All gratings for platforms, walkways and stair treads shall be
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galvanized. Platforms would be capable of bearing 2000 N/m2 live load; the inspection
platform around the drum 4000 N/m2; while the stairs deflection would be no more
than 1/250 when it bears 3500 N/m2 live load.
5. Rapping Hammer System
Because there is a lot of dust in the flue gas, the rapping hammer system is
designed particularly for the SP boiler. There is two units of rapping hammer located at
each side of the block. Each unit is driven by one motor, and there are 40 units in total.
Rapping frequency is 1 times per minute, and the impact force is 1500N.
For motor, its available for 415Voltage, 50 Hz, and IP55.
Sprocket wheels could be interchanged so that the rapping frequency could be
changed to 2 times every minute when necessary. Inverter could also be adopted for
the motor to get a better control.
The rapping device is a very important component of this product . Each motor
has its own switch, i.e. each unit of rapping device could be controlled separately on
field. So when one unit is in repair, others will run without interference. For
weatherproof and noise protection, there is a shield casing with detachable slide door
arranged for the rapping hammer system.
6. CasingDuctFurnace Wall
The inner casing is located around the heating surface. It forms a gas chamber
along with the duct. The insulation is laid between the inner casing and the duct .
Outer casing, made of colorful steel plate mainly ,is laid all over the out surface of the
boiler, Its make sure that the boiler is in a good appearance, and harmony with the
surroundings while painted on site.
7. Spare & Wear Parts
To avoid operation failure because of some instruments accident, some spare and
wear parts such as rapping device, gaskets for drum manholes, gaskets for valves and
so on, are extra-supplied on purpose.
IVInstruction of Erection
1. General Provision
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Boiler erection is a complex technical work finished by many different work types
together. Pay more attention to the erection quality, because whether the boiler
can run smoothly will depend on it. The construction must be carried out according to
the requirements in the installation drawings and technical documents Hangzhou
Boiler Group Co., Ltd. Provides. and it should also follow the national relevant
professional technical codes and standards below:
(1) IBR(Calculation CriteritionIndian Boiler Act 1923and Regulations 1950 up to
Amendment 2011).
(2) Instruction of Boiler Design, Erection, Usage(111433SM).
When some engineering change is necessary, the construction must be paused
and not restarted until the related imperative procedure is implemented. Afterward, the
data on the change should be kept carefully and completely. By the end of the boilers
construction, the following documents must be available:
(1) Certified and co-signed record on equipment defect;
(2) Data on design change (or modification);
(3) Certified and co-signed record on midterm acceptance of concealed work;
(4) Certified and co-signed technical record of construction.
2. Equipment Storage
On the site, all the equipment, insulating and refractory materials should be stored
and protected well; Depending on their categories, weight, dimension and their
wrapping methods, outdoor, indoor, and semi-outdoor could be adopted respectively.
The stacking field should be plane and clear. Ditch should be arranged there to keep
all the articles dry, and to avoid water accumulating. No piling up on the earth
directly.
2.1 Outdoor Storage
It is mainly applicable for boiler steel structure, drum, platform, superheaters,
evaporators, headers, down-comers, connecting tubes etc. As for the steel structure,
in order to avoid distortion, its columns and beams should be put on a steadier, which
are fabricated and straightened beforehand. The drum and headers should be put on
a pillow; their convex part should be away from ground; the caps and lids should be
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Bottom up
ECO installation
EVAP installation
Rapping hammer
system installation
S.H.installation
Drum installation
Hydrotest
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4.3 Installation and Acceptance of Steel Structure and Platform & Stair
4.3.1 Lineation and Acceptance of Foundation
The owner and Erector witness and record carefully and completely the process
altogether.
While the boiler begins to erect, the foundation will be re-checked according to the
inspection & acceptance records, and it should agree with the following codes:
(1) The longitudinal and transverse centerline should be vertical.
(2) Deflection between the centerlines of two columns: 2mm.
(3) Diagonal deflection of the foundation is no more than 5mm.
(4) Deflection of embedded holes for anchor bolts: 10mm.
After inspection and acceptance, the longitude centerline and drum centerline
would be inked on the operation base, and would be marked with the paint for the
check-up of the installation.
Measuring, recording the elevation difference of the steel structures embedded
parts, and take the highest point as the installation base. As for the low-embedded
parts, they will be block up with the backing strip, but pay attention that the backing
strips number should be no more than 3 pieces.
4.3.2 Every part should be checked before the installation, and it should be adjusted
if it doesnt follow the table below.
Allowable Tolerance of Steel Structure before Installation
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NO.
111433SM
Allowable Tolerance
0
-4
Length of Column(m)
+2
>8
-6
0
-4
0
1~3
-6
Length of Beam(m)
3~5
-8
0
>5
-10
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NO.
Location of column
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Inspection Method
Distance
of
1/1000 of the distance, and
columns(Positive
no larger than 10.
deflection preferred)
Based
High
Difference
from
on
any
column supporting
2
Point of Elevation
drum,
the
measure
others
with
water level
Elevation
Difference
3
between Columns
Non-vertical
Degree
of
Columns
Two
Diagonal
Length
Difference of Columns
at
Elevation 1m and
the
top
of
the
column
Two
Diagonal
Length
Measured at the
1/1000 of the length, and
Difference of Columns in
Vertical Plane
column.
Supported Drum
-5
Level
Degree
of
the
4.3.4 Platforms, stairs, brackets, handrails, stair railings, pedal etc. would be welded
fast and erected straight; The pitch between the stair railings would be uniform, and
welding joint would be smooth.
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4.3.5 The oblique brace would be installed with no interference with other parts. In
order to avoid the distortion of the beam, the oblique brace at both sides should be
installed before the heat surface is assembled. Thereinto, air-cooling beams at the
superheater need grouting with insulation material on site.
4.4 Installation of the Heat Surface and Inner Casing
Tube panels are adopted in the heat surface and shipped in bulk. The panels will
be hoisted up to the air-cooling beams of each heat surface on-site, and then
assembly-installed. And because this boiler will be operated under high negative
pressure, its sealing is very important, so expansion joints between the heat surfaces
and the positions where the tubes penetrates the wall should be seal-welded. At the
same time, heat surface would be assembled along with the erection of the inner
casing.
4.4.1 Preparation for Heat Surface Erection
(1) Check the devices of heating surface before installation according to Supply List,
Package List and Drawings to see if theres any crack, contusion, staving, blister or
lamination and so on. The depth of these disfigurements should be no more than
10% of the tube thickness.
(2) Ball-passing test would be taken in the heat surfaces tube, and the diameter of the
ball is: 0.7Dn, here Dn is the inner diameter of the tube.(The Dn of HP system tube is
35mm, LP evaporator and SH 35mm,and LP economizer 31mm).
(3) Each tube panel would be rectified before the superheater, evaporators ,
economizer are erected.
4.4.2 Co-erection of Heat Surface and Inner Casing
Diagram of Heat Surface and Inner Casing Co-erection
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COLUMN
COMB PLATE
TUBE PANEL
FRONT INNER
CASING
FRONT
BEAM
Heat surface would be erected from the bottom to the top, thats to say, LP.
economizer will be erected first, then LP. evaporator 3#, LP. evaporator 2#, LP.
evaporator 1#, HP. economizer and LP. superheater, HP. evaporator 5#, HP.
evaporator 4#, HP. evaporator 3#, HP. evaporator 2#, HP. evaporator 1#, and HP.
superfeater will be the last. For each heat surface, its sequence is generally as follow:
(1)Install Left Side Inner Casings , Baffle and Right Side Inner Casings in turn, then
weld the Expansion Joint
sequence as above.
(2)Install Back Inner Casing, then weld the casing with the lower casings expansion
joint.
(3)Look through the drawings of the front and back inner casing first, weld the loose
parked u-bar with the corresponding deflection plates and put them in the right
place, then weld the expansion joint which is connected with the u-bar above.
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(4)Start to hoist tube panel, and weld the comb plates with the tube after one tube
panel is assembled.
(5)Install the front inner casing after the erection of the tube panels is finished.
Note: for Step 3, 4, 5, its just to emphasize the installation sequence. It doesnt
mean that all the steps must be done immediately one by one. Anyway, step 4 behind
step 3 is okay; but step 4 before step 3 is definitely forbidden. Its similar for step 4, 5.
4.4.3 Attentions for installation of heat surface and inner casing
(1) Make sure the welding seam is qualified enough so that the chamber is totally
sealed inside with inner casing.
(2) The tube panel would be assembled neatly. The pitch between each panel would be
uniform and its deflection from the drawings will be no more than 2mm.
4.4.4 Requirements of the tube welding
(1) The tube should be welded per IBR(Calculation CriteritionIndian Boiler Act 1923
and Regulations 1950 up to Amendment 2011).
(2) As for the slant degree of the welding tube end, it will be 0.5mm if the diameter
60mm ,others will be no more than 0.6mm.The unfitness of mating tubes
central-line will be 10% of the tube thickness and its no more than 0.8mm. The
deflection caused by the welding would be inspected at the distance 200mm from
the welding centerline, and it should be no more than 1mm.
(3) All the tube welding fittings would be welded before the hydrotest.
(4) The tube should be hydro-tested singly before assembly, which is potentially difficult
to be remedy post welding, once any defect happens. The hydrotest will be 2 times
of its working pressure.
4.4.5 Allowable Tolerance of Header Installation
NO.
Inspection Item
Allowable Tolerance(mm)
Remark
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forth item of technical requirements on the drawing (Draw. NO. 1433/82-0) especially,
the difference would be no more than 2mm, and the rapping rod equipments
(96982-1-0) should contact with the rods (Draw. NO. 1433/82-24-0, 1433/82-31-0)
sufficiently. The heads of rapping rods would be level and the rods would be at the
same level, while the hammers should be put in the proper places to insure the
accurate, smooth rapping.
Before leaving the factory, inject into oil cup of supporting bearing with lithium
base grease, ensure adequate lubrication of the bearing in test switch. On-site
installation, must first check the status of support bearing oil cup, clean up the aging
grease, and re-put fresh lithium grease, when running, add appropriate amount of
grease during each shift squeeze must be rotated and promptly added lithium grease
in the screw-cap-type oil cup.
Rapping motor should be put in the right place to ensure the proper tightness of
the chain, the awning for it will be fabricated with the colorful steel plate on site, but
make sure its tidy and in good appearance .
After running under hot state for 72 hours, each rapping device should be checked,
and the hammers should be adjusted where the hammers deviate from the rapping
rods.
4.6 Drum & Internal Equipment
Drum will be supported with saddles which are fixed on the steel structure. When
erected, the drum would be adjusted to make it level and in the right elevation, and at
the same time, the bolt would be screwed according to the drawing detail.
Arc striking and welding random at drum skin is prohibited during
installation.
4.6.1 Drums Inspection & Rectification
The number, specification and location of tube stubs should be inspected to make
sure they are right. Meanwhile, confirm if there is any damage to them. If any, it should
be repaired on the ground. The drums internal and external skins should be checked
carefully to confirm if there is any nick, contusion or other defect. As for the defect
whose depth is less than 2 mm, it could be milled to the extent of smooth transition; for
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greater than 2 mm, it must be repair-welded, then milled smooth. Its longitudinal and
transverse central lines should be checked and settled according to the practical
positions of the tube stubs. (Theyre marked up on the drum skin before shipped.
Confirmation is necessary.)
4.6.2 Drums Hoist
When its ready to be hoisted, the drum should be laid at the location right below
the lifting direction to relieve the possibility of its swing, which could cause collision or
damage. When the drum is lifted beyond the ground, it should be held on for a while;
then its transverse horizontality be adjusted; at last it could be lifted slowly to its own
installation position and laid down.
When its put on its installation position, the drum should be aligned strictly and
accurately. Make sure it conforms to the requirements in Table below:
Allowance
NO.
Inspection Items
Remarks
Tolerance(mm)
Elevation
Longitudinal/ Transverse
2
2
Horizontality
Distance to Column
5
Measuring the distance
Axial position
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firm. At the same time, attention should be paid to avoid damage on headers and
tubes while its welded. Air tight test should be taken after installation.
The gas measuring would be located according to the measuring drawing, refer to
the drawing(111433-8) for the actual location. Installation company will cut the outer
casing and erect it on site. The inspection sleeves, whose interface dimension is M33
2, will be supplied by HBG. See 1433/89GM, and it can also be fabricated on site.
4.8 Boiler Proper Piping & Valves
4.8.1 The valve should be sealing-tested by the clean water one by one.
4.8.2 The bleed-off line on safety valve should be fixed on site.
4.8.3 After calibrated as qualified, the pressure gauges should be marked up with
certificate and lead-seal.
4.8.4 The blowdown and drain piping line should be expedite. The slant degree to the
flow direction will no less than 0.2%, moreover, as less as possible elbow is
preferable.
4.8.5 The elevation difference of water level gauge will be no more than 2mm(keep
the normal level as the base). HHH,HH, Normal, LL ,LLLshould be marked on the
glass tube.
4.8.6 Other valves and instruments should be installed according to relative
instruction and requirements strictly.
4.9 Hydrotest
Hydrotest should be done per IBR(Calculation CriteritionIndian Boiler Act 1923
and Regulations 1950 up to Amendment 2011) after the steam, water system and the
fittings are erected.
4.9.1 Preparations:
(1) Clean up the remnant of the drums and headers; Inspect if the tubes are blocked,
and if the bolts on the manholes, handholes, flanges are wrenched firmly.
(2) Assemble the pressure gauge qualified;
(3) Install the drain piping and vent valve;
(4) Check if all the instruments are isolated, and they will not be damaged for
over-pressure in this state .
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(5) Check hydrotest procedure in the safety valves instruction. Some protection
measurement should be taken according to the requirements of the instruction
when the whole boiler is being hydrotested.
4.9.2 Water Quality & Temperature Requirements of Hydrotest
The testing water would be in high quality, and the chemical added would be
mixed completely.
4.9.3 Hydrotest Pressure
The maximum allowable working pressure of HP. drum is 2.3MPa(333.5Psi), and
the maximum allowable working pressure of LP. drum is 0.7MPa(101.5Psi). The
hydrotest pressure of the whole HP. boiler system will be 3.45MPa(500.3Psi), and the
hydrotest pressure of the whole LP. boiler system will be 1.05MPa(152.3Psi).
4.9.4 Hydrotest Process
(1) The water would be injected as quickly as possible to vent the air off the boiler
effectively.
(2) All the vent valves should be open to give the air off completely when the boiler is
injected.
(3) The dew on the metal surface should be cleaned up when the boiler is filled with
water. When the pressure is raised to 10% of the working pressure, the boiler
should be checked to remove the abnormal phenomena; the bolts on the manholes,
handholes, flanges may be wrenched firmly if necessary.
(4) When the hydrotest pressure is raised to the working pressure, the complete
inspection should be done. The hydrotest pressure could keep rising slowly and the
boiler could have an over-pressure test now if the working pressure doesnt drop.
(5) The water should be let out completely after the hydrotest. If it will be a long time to
start the boiler after the hydrotest, rust-resistant measures of the steam-water
system would be taken.
4.9.5 Others will be processed per IBR(Calculation CriteritionIndian Boiler Act
1923and Regulations 1950 up to Amendment 2011).
4.10 Furnace Wall & Insulation
For this product, its furnace wall is constructed with the inner casing, outer casing
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4)A complete inspection of all the furnace wall material should be done before the
construction.
5)At the material warehouse, reserve a spacious room for good working
circumference.
6)The mechanical equipment for constructing furnace wall and insulation should
be mounted, checked and trial-operated for at least one time beforehand.
7)Check the water and power equipment, clean the yard, install the scaffold and
the necessary auxiliary device.
8)Keep the devices, equipment on the boiler from damage when the furnace wall
is constructed.
9)Compile terms and methods for quality assurance and acceptance of concealed
work.
Furnace Walls Thickness
The thickness and dimensions of the furnace wall can't be altered optionally. If
there is some tolerance at some structures assembly with the wall, it may be adjusted
suitably. Once the changes on dimension are relatively great, HBGs confirmation and
permission must be acquired first. Meanwhile, it must be recorded in details as long as
such changes happen.
Alteration in Material
While alteration is inevitable, HBGs permission must be acquired first.
Construction of Pre-formed Casing
While constructing pre-formed casing, firstly, the supporting anchors should be
welded well in staggered layout as design. When it comes to the wall of no less than
two layers, the seam between layers and floors should be away from each other. That
is, a successive seam at two layers or floors should be avoided. The holes on the
insulation material where the anchors penetrate through will be drilled with proper
tools. Random drilling or embedding is definitely forbidden. The iron web outside the
insulation must be tensed and clamped well. For two adjacent webs, some
overlapping margin should be reserved. The anchors will be clamped with pat behind
the iron web. As for the position where the construction is very complex, it could be
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stuffed with aluminum silicate fiber pasted with mastic. As for seams between plates,
mastic is adopted for connection as well.
4.11 Painting
The steel structure will be painted according to Painting Guide.
4.12 Dry-out, Boil-out and Commissioning, etc
After the boiler passes the hydrotest as qualified, furnace wall, out casing,
steam/water connection tubes, piping insulating and dry-out could be carried out step
by step. When it comes to this boiler, dry-out could be omitted and boil-out conducted
immediately after the construction and insulation is accomplished; because the most
part of wall is just insulation outside the chamber only with a little of castable material
at air-cooling beams. For boil-out, it could be with two kinds of chemical: acid or
alkaline. Either could be selected based on boilers fouling condition and practical
condition.
4.12.1 Attentions
Its strongly recommended that clean gas source, instead of flue gas from kiln, is
used for boil-out so as to avoid dust sticking to tube surface; because there is much
moisture and dust content in the kilns flue gas at pre-heater. Otherwise, the feedwater
temperature should be increased as much as possible to avoid flue gas dewing on
tube surface.
4.12.2 It is recommended that alkaline boil-out method should be adopted for this
boiler, and the chemical dose may be as the following table:
Chemical Dose Adding for Boil-out
Chemical
Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH)
Tri-sodium Phosphate
(Na3PO412H2O)
Thick Rust
2~3
3~4
2~3
2~3
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phosphate.
Sodium carbonate may be used singly in boil-out, and the dose is
6kg/m3(water).
4.12.3 Water Volume:
Part Name
HP System
Operation
68m3
54.4m3
55.1m3
44.2m3
Water Volume
LP System
Water Volume
While the boiler is boiled-out with alkaline, the chemical solution should be
absolutely forbidden into the superheater.
No matter its boiled-out with alkaline or acid, the job must be carried out
under the professional guide of the Chemist or done by the professional team
on person.
4.12.4 Before boil-out, the chemical solution with the purity of 20% should be
confected. When dosing, the water will be at the low level, and the chemical solution
should be absolutely forbidden into the superheater. After the chemicals dosed, the
pressure could be increased. It should last 2~3 days with a blow-off flow-rate of
10~15% of nominal steam production, meanwhile, the dirty water should be blown
down from the lower positions as clean water pumped in until the internal water
quality meets the related criteria. Then it could be stopped; or the pressure could be
increased so to carry out steam blowing, steam tightness test, and set-point the
safety valves. If its boiled out at a low steam pressure, the time should be prolonged
properly.
4.12.5 The water in the drum and lower headers should be sampled periodically
during boil-out. When the alkalinity is below 45mmol/L, chemical should be redosed.
At the end of the boil-out, the steam pressure would be kept as 75 percent of the
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working pressure.
4.12.6 After its boiled-out, the deposit in the drum and headers should be cleaned.
Meanwhile, the valves that contacted with chemical solution and the boiler inside
should be flushed. The blowdown valves should be inspected to confirm if there is
any blockage. There should be no oil dirty in the internal surface of the drum and
headers, and no rust spot would exist at the metal surface after the fittings are wiped
off.
4.12.7 The feed-water piping lines for the boiler unit should be flushed and blown to
eliminate the contaminant and rust inside before the boiler starts to be fed water and
to produce steam. Its better to use softened water. The water usage for flushing
should be greater than that of feed-water while running normally. Only when the
outlet water quality confirms to the related requirements could its flushing be certified
as qualified.
Afterward, the first commissioning and steam tightness test could be done:
Increase the pressure to 0.3~0.4 MPa, while heat up; Fasten the bolts of flanges,
manholes, handholes and other connection positions among the boiler unit under the
hot condition; Continue to increase the pressure to boilers nominal working pressure;
Re-check the pressure sealing interface, the expansion and force condition of piping
lines, supporters, hangers, suspending frameworks, etc carefully.
4.12.8 Set-point of Safety Valves
Calibrate the pressure gauges on the drum, confirm its accurate; Adjust and
set-point the safety valve on the drum and the superheater, See the following table for
requirement on set-point; Inspect if there is any leakage or impact phenomena.
HP. Drum: No.1: 2.2MPa(319Psi); No.2: 2.25MPa(326Psi)
Safety valve on the drum
LP. Drum: No.1: 0.65MPa(94.3Psi); No.2: 0.67MPa(97.2Psi)
Safety valve on the
HP Superheater: 2.05MPa(297Psi)
superheater
LP Superheater: 0.6MPa(87Psi)
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2.0mol/L
15g/L
50g/L
10g/L
8.8~9.2
27
Oil Content:
111433SM
<1.0mg/L
2. Normal Startup
2.1 The precondition for startup:
(1) Erection is finished with the boiler wholly-hydrotested as qualified.
(2) Chemical cleaning is finished.
(3) Safety valves work well.
(4) Feed water equipment is ready.
(5) Auxiliary equipment is ready.
(6) Power supply is ensured.
2.2 Preparation for Startup
(1) Check and eliminate the rust in the duct, and shut off all the manholes, duct
interfaces, inspection doors firmly.
(2) Inspect if the whole boiler is ok, confirm the display of DCS with field indication,
and the hand-operated valves should be checked manually.
(3) Inspect if all the rapping devices go right.
2.3 After all the preparations are finished, water from AQC feedwater station could be
pumped into this SP boiler. While the feed water temperature is above100 , its
feeding velocity should not be too high in order to alleviate the heat impact on drum,
about 5 t/h is recommended. Make sure the drum water attain to the normal level.
2.4 When the flue gas is being introduced, the boiler could be started up. Regulate
the opening of the gas damper to regulate the boiler load and make each inspection
point attain to the required value as design.
3. Requirements for running and control
3.1 The owner should work out the operation specification fit for this system per IBR
(Calculation Criterition Indian Boiler Act 1923 and Regulations 1950 up to
Amendment 2011) and related specifications, instruction of PH & AQC boiler etc. (AQC
boiler should be considered together with this boiler.)
3.2 Open the regulating damper for flue gas slowly when the boiler is started up.
3.3 In order to avoid the dust sticking to the tube surface, the boiler feedwater should
be kept at a high temperature when the PH boiler is started up, thats to say, AQC
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others.
Compare the value of the remote pressure gauges and thermal meters
recorded in the control room with that of field indication periodically, and keep
a record and adjust them while deviating
The water level gauge should be blown down twice each shift to avoid fouling
and unclear display of the water level in the glass tube.
Whether the rapping device is normal or not.
3.10 The inlet flue gas volume of the boiler dont exceed 220,000Nm3/h. The
temperature of the inlet flue gas dont exceed 360.
3.11 When the boiler is working (include stopping), monitor the ash deposition of the
ash bucket. The height of the ash dont exceed 1600mm.
4. Measuring
4.1 Stop of Boiler
The fluctuation of cement producing will result in the change of steam production,
even the interruption of steam output. However, as long as the boiler proper works
well, and its likely that the boiler could be ready for running at any moment once the
cement producing system could startup shortly.
As for this kind of temporary interruption, the main steam valve should be shut off
at first to keep the superheaters being still cooled with steam, meanwhile, the steam
pressure should be controlled carefully, and the continuous water feeding should be
sustained to ensure the economizers could be cooled completely.
As for the necessary stop of boiler, the hot flue gas should be shut off. Because of
duct liners high temperature and its thermal inertia, to cool down the boiler is a long
process. So the cooling-down of duct is also a step of the stop of boiler. Just as above
mentioned, during the relief process of remainder steam, the superheaters must be
cooled well, and the feedwater of economizers should be kept; meanwhile, the boilers
temperature should be under control until the flue gas inlet temperature decreases to
100 .
Attentions for Stop of Boiler
Have a thorough inspection before the stop of boiler.
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Switch off the regulating damper of inlet flue gas, and open the bypass.
When AQC boiler is stopped, PH boiler should be stopped; otherwise, PH
boilers feedwater should be preheated.
4.2 Maintenance of Rapping Hammer System
Rapping hammer system is very important to the boiler and should be inspected
periodically to ensure its reliability.
To ensure the good rapping effect and a long lifetime of the device, the lubricant
should be added timely if it is found lacked in the rapping shaft bearings.
The graphite sleeve should also be changed timely.
4.3 Schedule of Periodic Maintenance
S means Visual InspectionIncluding the boiler or its accessories.
F means Function TestTest the devices function characteristic(e.g.: restrainer,
regulating control valve, safety valves etc.)
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No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Running&
Maintenance
Safety Valve
Water Level Gauge
(on field)
Water Level Gauge
(Remote-indication)
Flow-rate
Pressure Gauge
(on field)
Thermometer
(on field)
Bleeding or
Draining
Valves
Rapping Device
Day
Week
Month
Half
Year
S
S
Raising
F
F
Inspection Type
Flushing
Year
Reduce
Flow-rate
Compression
and Depression
Measure
Referrence
Draining Start
F
Start-up
Normal Working
State; Bearings
Lubricant
Enough;
Hammers & Rods
Abrasion
10
Feedwater System
S.F
11
Flange Connection
12
Insulation
13
Boiler Inspection
(Cooperating with
Gov. Supervision
Dep.)
14
Vessel Inspection
(Cooperating with
Gov. Supervision
Dep.)
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Analysis
Feedwater
Quality
Fasten the bolt
where it leaks.
Disfigurement
and Flue Gas
Leakage
Boiler
Inspection,
Disfigurement
Inspection, UT
for Tube Wall
Thickness
Hydraulic Test
Internal
Inspection
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instruments.
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Precautions must be taken for the boiler to avoid inner/outer corrosion on stop.
Normally, as for the emergency stop of the boiler , wetting maintenance will be adopted;
while, as for the long stop of boiler, dry maintenance or moisture remover will be
adopted.
4.6.1 Wetting Maintenance
Wetting maintenance could be adopted if there is plenty of the chemical treated
water. It prevents the corrosion by raising the PH value of the water and deaerating the
medium. For medium to be used, it must be treated appropriately and protected with a
positive pressure from air intaking.
4.6.2 Drying Maintenance
No matter whether its possible that it freezes or not, drying maintenance should be
adopted while the boiler is stopped for a long time (over two weeks), or no appropriately
treated water is available. For drying maintenance, the boiler is drained totally and
exhaustively to prevent corrosion.
Nitrogen Protection
Its a very effective method to blast nitrogen to isolate oxygen away from tube inner
surface.. When the pressure is decreased to 0.07Mpa and the boiler begins to drain,
nitrogen will be blown from the drum or the upside connection pipes to replace the
water .When the nitrogen goes out from the drain piping, the drain valves should be
shut off at once, Maintain the pressure of the nitrogen at 0.0354Mpa to prevent the
open air from entering.
Allover blowing with dry air
Allover blowing with dry air (whose relative humidity is lower than 30 %.) is an
economical method of maintenance. Moisture inside the tubes and piping lines etc will
be taken away as dry air flows throughout. With switching vent, drain, blowdown valves
here and there, make dry air could arrive everywhere inside. Shut off all the valves to
prevent the air from entering when the humidity inside attains to related requirements (it
takes about one day). Check the valves periodically.
Drying Agent
Its also a good method to remove the moisture with the drying agent. Silica gel, one
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of the drying agents, can absorb moisture as much as about 25 % of its own weight.
The dose of silica gel depends on the field temperature and humidity. Otherwise,
calcium oxide could be used as the drying agent too. Put it in a flat anti-corrosive tray,
then lay them into the drum, make sure it doesnt block any holes on the drum. In
addition, the drying agent shouldnt be scattered, otherwise, it will result in the
corrosion.
4.6.3 The general maintenance procedure, details and some important remarks for stop
of the boiler:
If freezing may happen, drying maintenance is recommended for use.
The solution used for wetting maintenance should be tested every week, and the
chemical dosing be adjusted if necessary.
The maintenance chemical may be dosed into the boiler water at the several
hours before the boiler is stopped when the wetting maintenance is adopted.
The air should be prevent from entering when the relative humidity is inspected.
Only when necessary could the manholes be opened.
4.7 Routine Maintenance
4.7.1 For this boiler, its better to have a major maintenance every 5 years, and a minor
one every year, at the same time, at least once exterior inspection every year. For its
rapping system, routine maintenance is indispensable.
4.7.2 For each major maintenance, a interior inspection should be done. When it comes
to a newly-built boiler, the first interior inspection should be done after one-year run.
4.7.3 When the boiler has been stopped for more than one year, and the pressure parts
are repaired or reconstucted greatly, the interior & exterior of the boiler should be
inspected, The hydrotest should be done at the same time.
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1.Working State 1:
1
2
Symbol Unit
Tube Specification
The Temperature of
LP-SH
LP-EVAP LP-ECO
mm
42
42
42
42
42
38
'
300
300
225
225
214
175
"
281
225
210
219
175
156
t'
215
215
142
166
166
142
t"
285
215
215
190
166
166
Wgjk
m/s
5.88
9.27
Wgchk
m/s
7.30
10.67
19.5
6.52
The Temperature of
Outlet Flue gas
The Temperature of
Inlet Water/Steam
The Temperature of
Outlet Water/Steam
The Velocity of
Inlet Water/Steam
The Velocity of
Outlet Water/Steam
Heat transfer
kJ/Nm3 11.17
46.21
12.29
3.88
quantituy
9
10
Calculated Steam
Utilization of waste
t/h
11.3 (6.8)
42
heat
Description
Value
Unit
687
Pa
Stack Draft
91.2
Pa
209500
Nm3/h
~156
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The change curve between HP. Evaporation and the temperature of inlet gas
The change curve between LP. Evaporation and the temperature of inlet gas
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