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ENGR-1100 Introduction To Engineering Analysis
ENGR-1100 Introduction To Engineering Analysis
ENGR-1100 Introduction To Engineering Analysis
Analysis
Lecture 17
In-Class Activities:
Reading Quiz
Applications
Centroid
Determine Centroid
Location
Method of Composite
Areas
Concept Quiz
Group Problem Solving
Attention Quiz
CENTROID OF A BODY
~
x dA
x
dA
~y dA
y
dA
CONCEPT OF CENTROID
The centroid, C, is a point defining the
geometric center of an object.
The centroid coincides with the center of
mass or the center of gravity only if the
material of the body is homogenous (density
or specific weight is constant throughout the
body).
If an object has an axis of symmetry, then
the centroid of object lies on that axis.
In some cases, the centroid may not be
located on the object.
~ y)
~ of the centroid of the rectangular
3. Determine coordinates (x,
element in terms of the general point (x,y).
4. Express all the variables and integral limits in the formula using
either x or y depending on whether the differential element is in
terms of dx or dy, respectively, and integrate.
EXAMPLE
Given: The area as shown.
Find: The centroid location (x , y)
Plan: Follow the steps.
Solution:
1. Since y is given in terms of x, choose
dA as a vertical rectangular strip.
2. dA = y dx
3. x~ = x and
= x3 dx
~
y = y / 2 = x3 / 2
EXAMPLE(continued)
4. x = ( A ~x dA ) / ( A dA )
=
1 3
x
(x
)dx
0
1/5 [ x5 ]1
=
13 ) d x
(x
0
1/4 [ x4 ]1
0
0
y =
A y dA
A dA
1 3
3
(x
/
2)
(
x
) dx
0
1 3
0 x dx
1/14[x7]10
1/4
APPLICATIONS
The I-beam (top) or T-beam
(bottom) shown are commonly
used in building various types
of structures.
When doing a stress or
deflection analysis for a beam,
the location of its centroid is
very important.
How can we easily determine
the location of the centroid for
different beam shapes?
EXAMPLE
Given: The part shown.
Find: The centroid of
the part.
Plan: Follow the steps
for analysis.
Solution:
1. This body can be divided into the following pieces:
rectangle (a) + triangle (b) + quarter circular (c)
semicircular area (d). Note the negative sign on the hole!
EXAMPLE (continued)
Steps 2 & 3: Make up and fill the
table using parts a, b,
c, and d. Note the
location of the axis system.
Segment
Area A
(in2)
Rectangle
Triangle
Q. Circle
Semi-Circle
18
4.5
9/4
/2
28.0
x
(in)
y
(in)
3
1.5
7
1
4(3) / (3 ) 4(3) / (3 )
0
4(1) / (3 )
x A
( in3)
y A
( in3)
54
31.5
9
0
27
4.5
9
- 2/3
76.5
39.83
EXAMPLE (continued)
4. Now use the table data results and the formulas to find the
coordinates of the centroid.
Area A
28.0
x
A
76.5
yA
39.83
2.73 in
1.42 in
READING QUIZ
1. A composite body in this section refers to a body made of ____.
A) Carbon fibers and an epoxy matrix in a car fender
B) Steel and concrete forming a structure
C) A collection of simple shaped parts or holes
D) A collection of complex shaped parts or holes
2. The composite method for determining the location of the
center of gravity of a composite body requires _______.
A) Simple arithmetic
C) Differentiation
B) Integration
D) All of the above.
CONCEPT QUIZ
Based on the typical centroid
information, what are the minimum
number of pieces you will have to
consider for determining the centroid of
the area shown at the right?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 2
D) 1
3cm
1 cm
1 cm
3cm
ATTENTION QUIZ
2.
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
2cm
4cm
x
2cm 2cm