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SRI COLLEGE
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER SEPTEMBER 2016

DIPLOMA IN EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT

SUBJECT

TEACHING SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN

SUBJECT CODE

ECD 1543

DATE

18TH DECEMBER 2016

TIME

10.30 PM 1.30 PM

LECTURERS NAME:

NORHAYATI OTHMAN

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1.

This question paper consists of TWO (2) sections: A, and B.

2.

Answer ALL questions in section A. Answer only TWO (2) question in section B.

3.

Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the
invigilator.

Read the following before answering the examination questions:

Read each question carefully before you begin to answer.

Apportion your time according to the number of marks allocated for the question.
Firstly, attempt the questions that you feel you can obtain most marks.
Number the answers to the questions clearly before answering.
Please write neatly as illegible handwriting cannot be marked.

I/C NO.

STUDENTS NO.

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TOTAL MARKS

* DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO*
============================================================
This question paper consists of 14 printed pages including front page

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SECTION A (60 MARKS)

SECTION A (i) (20 MARKS)
INSTRUCTION: Circle the correct answer.

1. Special needs is a term used to describe _________________.

A. individuals who have achieved special awards in Paralympics Games.

B. individuals who have special talents in defining Maslows hierarchy of needs.
C. individuals who have been clinically diagnosed who require assistance for
disabilities that may be medical, mental or psychological.
D. individuals who have been prescribed with special drugs from doctor.

2. Ahmad learns together regular students in the class. He is a very jovial and favoured
by other friends but he is unable to move freely like other children because he suffers
from

vision

problems

since

birth.

Ahmad

may

be

defined

as

having

_________________.

A. family problem
B. physical problem
C. mental problem
D. emotional and behavioural problem

3. Kogilan is a quiet and shy pupil who does not want to interact with other pupils and
often isolates himself. He does not respond to the questions asked by the teacher
and does not pay attention to what is going on in the classroom. Although quiet, he
sometimes is aggressive for no reason. Kogilan may be defined as having a
_________________.

A. family problem

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B. physical problem
C. mental problem
D. emotional and behavioural problem

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4. May May is a rough and violent pupil who always interferes and fights with other
pupils. She does not focus while studying and often damages school property. Her
classmates do not like her and label him a troublemaker. May May may be defined as
having a _________________.

A. family problem
B. physical problem
C. mental problem
D. emotional and behavioural problem

5. A person with learning difficulties or disabilities that make it harder for him or her to
learn than most of other children in one or more of the following areas: thinking,
communication, movement, getting along with others, and taking care of self, most
probably requires _________________.

A. special prescription needs (SPT)

B. special educational needs (SEN)
C. needs analysis
D. special school needs (SSN)

6. Children with learning disabilities struggle in following areas of learning EXCEPT

A. reading
B. Mathematics
C. writing

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D. life skills

7. Children with emotional disorder experience difficulty in learning and maintaining

good _________________ relationships with peers and teachers.

A. interpersonal
B. intrapersonal
C. married
D. intimate

8. Gifted and talented children are _________________.

A. high achievers in academic studies

B. able to produce unique ideas
C. active in imagination
D. All of the above.

9. Like many children, Jalil loves to listen to stories read to him by his teachers and
parents. A bright-eyed seven-year-old, Jalil understands the stories well and likes to
relate them to his family members and friends. Therefore, it was an utter shock when
his father Rahim was informed by teachers that Jalil was identified as an
underachiever who had problems progressing to Year Two. Jalil might be experiencing
_________________.

A. dyslexia
B. hearing impairment
C. emotional behaviour disorder

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D. giftedness

10. The most obvious sign of dyslexia is _________________.

A. dyslexia
B. hearing impairment
C. unexpected difficulty in learning to read
D. giftedness

11. The following are some of the signs and symptoms of dyslexic children in reading
EXCEPT

A. Oral reading is choppy, not fluent and smooth

B. Reads words in the wrong order
C. Ignore punctuation when reading
D. Good reading comprehension

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12. Dyslexic children with dysgraphia experience below difficulties EXCEPT

A. Handwriting looks adult-like even into the teenager years

B. Irregularly shaped letters
C. Improper pencil grip
D. Improper use of uppercase and lowercase letters

13. The following are the symptoms of hyperactivity in children with ADHD EXCEPT

A. Constantly fidget and squirm

B. Talk excessively
C. Often sitting quietly
D. Is always on the go, as if driven by a motor

14.The following are the types of diagnostic evaluations that should be conducted before
early intervention can be conducted EXCEPT

A. Interviews with parents/caregivers

B. Collection of information from all professionals involved in the care of the
care.
C. Direct observation of the child
D. Attending forest school

15. When should intervention for autistic children begin?

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A. Right after birth

B. Between 1-2 years
C. Between 2-4 years
D. After conception

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16. Children with difficulties in recognizing numbers and symbols, memorizing facts,
aligning numbers, and understanding abstract concept such as place value and
fractions are called _________________.

A. dysfunction
B. dyscalculia
C. distractor
D. disable

17. A child who is not able to process the information they hear in the same way as
others because their ears and brain do not fully coordinate is said to have
_________________.

A. Auditory Processing disorder

B. Visual Processing Disorder
C. Sensory Processing Disorder
D. Information Processing Disorder

18. The following are several types of EBD that can affect children EXCEPT

A. Specific Phobias
B. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
C. Toileting disorders
D. Eating disorders

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19. A child who has excessive anxiety and worries in events and activities that he or she
involved in daily basis is considered to experience _________________.

A. Generalised Worry Disorder

B. Simplified Worry Disorder
C. Simplified Anxiety Disorder
D. Generalised Anxiety Disorder

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20. Many children experience separation anxiety between 18 months and three years old.
The following are the reasons for separation anxiety EXCEPT

A. Stressful events or transitions, such as moving to a new town or parent

separation.
B. A childs exaggerated beliefs about the dangerousness of being without
parents.
C. A childs employment of safety behaviour.
D. Genetic inheritance.

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SECTION A (ii) (10 MARKS)

INSTRUCTION: Circle T for true statement and F for false statement.

NO

STATEMENT

TRUE

FALSE

Getting assistance in the areas of special need can lead to a

1.

child being included with typical students for regular activities.

Children with special needs should be identified as early as

2.

possible to ensure that they receive the special help needed in

life.
A child who can only hear sounds at 90 dB and above is said to

3.

have difficulty in hearing.

Giftedness

4.

and

Mental

Disability

are

two

categories

of

disabilities that were proposed by IDEA.

Hearing loss can affect the ability to read and understand

5.

grammar.
Children with low vision are those who unable to see anything,

6.

including objects or light sources.

Visual impairment does not affect intellectual capacity or ability

7.

to learn, however special education services are necessary to

succeed in education.

8.

9.

Cerebral palsy affects a persons spine and causes the body to

be bent and eventually succumb to paralysis.
Children with muscular dystrophy find it hard to move and have
to use wheelchair and many die when reaching adolescence.
A child who is not able to master the components of language

10.

skills; phonology, morphology, syntax, semantic and pragmatic

aspects, is said to has language problems.

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SECTION A (iii) (10 MARKS)

INSTRUCTION: Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

understanding

disrupting

intrusive

memory

severity

diagnosis

aptitude

development

recognition

hearing

1. Gifted

individuals

are

those

who

demonstrate

outstanding

levels

of

___________________ or competence.

2. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterised by unwanted and

___________________

thoughts

(obsessions)

and

feeling

compelled

to

repeatedly perform rituals and routines (compulsions) to try and ease anxiety.

3. If children have hearing problems that goes undetected and untreated, they will
have difficulties with speaking and ___________________ what is going on in
their environment.

4. Students

with

learning

disabilities

often

have

difficulties

with

word

___________________, which relates to the students ability with respect to

sight vocabulary.

5. The

outlook

for

people

with

autism

varies

depending

on

the

___________________ of symptoms, the age at which treatment is started, and

the availability of supportive resources for the child.

6. When many people think of attention deficit disorder, they picture an out-ofcontrol kid in constant motion, bouncing off the walls and ___________________
everyone around.

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7. The difficulties faced by children with dyslexia include weaknesses in processing

the sounds of language, poor ___________________ and sequencing skills.

8. Several countries (such as the United States) use the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases as
guidelines for clinical ___________________ of disabilities.

9. Children with ___________________ disabilities are divided into several groups

based on the level of hearing loss.

10. Early Intervention is a concept which applies to children who are discovered at a
young

age

to

have

special

educational

needs

which

may

affect

their

___________________.

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SECTION A (iv) (20 MARKS)

INSTRUCTION: Answer these questions in short and complete sentences.
1. Special Education is a purposeful intervention designed to prevent, eliminate, and
overcome the obstacles that might keep an individual with disabilities from learning
and from full and active participation in school and society. Describe the three basic
types of intervention.
i.

Preventive Intervention
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)

ii.

Remedial Intervention
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)

iii.

Compensatory Intervention
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)

2. Explain the approaches in early intervention.

i.

Define early intervention.

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(2 Marks)

ii.

Teacher-Centred Intervention
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

iii.

___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)
Student-Centred Intervention
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)

iv.

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Family-Centred Intervention

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___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
(3 Marks)

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SECTION B (40 MARKS)

INSTRUCTION: Answer only TWO (2) questions.
1. Each dyslexic has his own personal set of difficulties, but with appropriate help,
most of them can learn to read and write well enough to become successful
students.
a. Define Dyslexia.
(2 Marks)
b. Dyslexic children have problem with spelling. Give TWO (2) examples of
these problems.

(4

Marks)
c. Explain the types of reading problems dyslexic children encounter.
(6 Marks)
d. Discuss the procedures a teacher can implement to help a dyslexic child
read better.

(8 Marks)

2. Students with ADHD pay the price for their problems in low grades, scolding and
punishment, teasing from peers, and low self-esteem.
a. Define ADHD.
(2 Marks)
b. List TWO (2) challenges presented by children with ADHD.
(4 Marks)
c. Explain the teaching and learning practices for a lesson with ADHD
children?
d. Discuss the classroom organisation for ADHD kids.

(6 Marks)
(8 Marks)

3. Children with Autism who received Early Intervention tend to have better brain
function, communication skills and overall social behaviour compared to Autism
children with no early intervention.
a. What is Autism?
(2 Marks)
b. Describe the sign and symptoms of Autism in social and communication
context.
(4 Marks)
c. Explain the possible causes of autism.
(6 Marks)
d. Discuss the types of early intervention strategies that are possible to be
conducted for autistic children.

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(8 Marks)

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4. The term gifted children was first used in 1869 by Francis Galton, a psychologist.
a. Define gifted.
(2 Marks)
b. Explain the signs of giftedness among toddlers.
(6 Marks)
c. Discuss how a teacher could support gifted children in mainstream
classroom.

(12 Marks)

5. One issue that is still being debated is whether students with mild disabilities
should be placed in the same class as normal or regular students.
a. Define inclusive education.
b. State the purpose of Diagnostic Testing
c. Describe the integrated programmes in mainstream schools.

(2 Marks)
(8 Marks)
(10 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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