Ngy son :

Ngy ging:

Tiet 01 . ON TAP KIN THC HA HC V C.

I.Muc tieu :
1.Kien thc : On lai cac kien thc a hoc lp 9
- Kien thc ve hoa hoc c ban
- Kien thc ve moi quan he gia cac chat vo c
- Kien thc ve nong o dung dch (C% , CM).Moi lien he gia C% , CM.
- Lam cac bai tap ly thuyet c ban .
2.Ky nang : - Lam BT van dung .
- Giai bai tap lien quan en : C% , CM , D , n
II. Trong tam :
- Kien thc ve moi quan he gia cac chat vo c , Van dung lam
BT .
- Kien thc ve nong o dung dch , C% , CM ,D , n
III.Phng phap : am thoai , neu van e, qui nap, so sanh, thao
luan nhom.
IV.Chuan b : He thong cau hoi va bai tap.
IV.Hoat ong:
1. On nh :
2. Kiem tra : Va on tap va kiem tra
3. Bai mi :
Hoat ong
Noi dung
Gv cho hs thao luan
Hng dan lam cac bai tap sgk va sbt
theo nhom . Sau o
01. C nhng cht sau: Cu, CaO, Mg, CaCO 3, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Fe(OH
trnh bay .
Hy cho bit nhng cht no tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long th sin
ra: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Nhom 01
02 . Bang PPhh hay phan biet cac dd sau :
ai dien nhom len
NaOH , H2SO4 , Na2SO4 va NaCl
trnh bay
03 . Co nhng chat : Na2O ; Na ; NaOH ; Na2SO4
GV tong ket
Na2CO3 ; NaCl .
Nhom 02
- Da vao moi quan he gia cac chat , hay sa
ai dien nhom len
xep cac chat tren thanh mot day chuyen o
trnh bay
hoa hoc c ?
GV tong ket
- Viet cac PTPU cho day chuyen oi hh tren ?
Nhom 03
04 .Ngam mot la Cu trong 20 ml dd AgNO 3 cho en k
ai dien nhom len
Cu khong the tan them c na . Lay la Cu ra
trnh bay
ra nhe , lam kho va can th thay khoi lng la C
GV tong ket
tang them 1,52 g . Hay xac nh CM cua dd AgNO
Nhom 04
a dung ( G thiet toan bo lng Ag sinh ra bam
ai dien nhom len
tren la Cu )
trnh bay
05 .Fe tac dung c vi chat nao sau ay ?
GV tong ket
a. dd Cu(NO3)2 ; b. Dd H2SO4 ac nguoi ; c. Kh Cl2 ; d
Dd ZnSO4 ;
Nhom 05
e. Dd H2SO4 loang g. Dd AgNO3
ai dien nhom len
06. Cho 0,83 g hh Al va Fe tac dung vi dd H 2SO
trnh bay
loang d . Sau PU thu c 0,56 lt kh ktc .
GV tong ket
a. viet cac PTPU hh ?
Nhom 06
b. Tnh % theo Klng cua moi kim loai trong hh au
ai dien nhom len
trnh bay
GV tong ket

4. Cung co :
5. Dan do :
* Rut kinh nghiem , bo sung

Ngy son :
Ngy ging
Tit 2.
BI TP V THNH PHN NGUYN T
I. Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc.
- HS rn luyn v thnh phn ca nguyn t : V nguyn t v ht nhn; V nguyn t cu to bng
electron, ht nhn cu to bng ht proton v ntron.
- Khi lng v in tch ca cc ht e; p, n kch thc v khi lng rt nh ca ngt.
2. K nng.
0

- HS bit s dng cc n v o nh: V, vt, nm,

v bit gii cc bi tp c lin quan.
3. Thi .
- Gip HS c tinh thn lm vic cng ng ca nhn loi, mi cng trnh khoa hc c th c
nghin cu qua nhiu th h.
II. Chun b
- GV: Gio n son h thng cu hi vn p v nhng kin thc c bn cn
nh v cc bi tp luyn tp.
- HS: kin thc c v thnh phn v cu to nguyn t
III. Tin tnh bi dy
1. Kim tra s s, ng phc:
2. Bi c.
- Trnh by thnh phn cu to nn nguuyn t gm nhng g? nu li nh lut bo ton cc cht v
bo ton khi lng.
- Trnh by li s m t mi quan h gia s mol (lng cht) vi khi lng, th tch cht kh,
s phn t cht.
3. Bi mi:
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung
I. Kin thc cn nh
Hot ng 1
- GV: Yeu cau hs neu thanh phan
1. Thnh phn nguyn t
cau tao nguyen t , nguyen t
Gm c cc ht e, n, p cu to nn
2. c im ca mi thnh phn.
c cau tao nh the nao ? c im
-31
-c im ca e l: me=9,1094.10 kg v qe ca mi thnh phn.
= -1,602.10-19C = 1vt =1- HS: Tho lun n tp li kin thc c v tr li
- c im ca p l:
cu hi.
mp = 1,6726.10-27 kg v c qp = 1+
- c im ca n l:

mn = 1,6748.10-27 kg v c qn = 0.
3. Cc i lng o lng.
0

1nm = 10-9m ; 1

= 10-10m ;

1nm = 10 ; 1nm = 10-6mm

1u = 1,6605.10-27kg => mp sp x mn v sp
x bng 1u
II. Bi tp
Bai 1 : V cau tao cua
nguyen t
Al (Z = 13 ) , Ar ( Z = 18 ) .
- Z=13 => c 13e => c 13p ; Z = 18 =>
c 18e v c 18p
Bai 2: Biet nguyen t C co 6
proton, 6 electron va 6 notron .
a. Tnh khoi lng ( gam ) cua
toan nguyen t C.
b. T le khoi lng cua
electron so vi khoi lng cua
toan nguyen t .
S : a.mnguyen t C = 20,0899 *
10-24 g .
b. T le me / mnt =
0,00027
Bai 3 : Nguyen t X co tong
so hat bang 13 , trong o so
hat mang ien nhieu hn so
hat khong mang ien la 3
hat . Hay tnh so hat
proton,electron ,notron trong X
S : P = E + Z = 4, N = 5.

Hot ng 2
GV: Yu cu hc sinh nhc li cc n v o lng
v cc s liu quy i gia cc i lng .
HS: Tho lun n tp li v tr li yu cu ca GV.
Hot ng 3
GV Cho hs lam bai tap , nhan xet
va cung co cho hs v thnh phn nguyn
t.

GV: Dung cac cau hoi gi m

giup hs a ra ct tnh khoi lng cua
nguyen t.
GV : Cho hs lam bai tap .
GV : Chu y en pp oi he so m,
nhan manh cho hs , giup hs cung
co .
GV: Qua t le va tm c em co
nhan xet g ve khoi lng cua
electron so vi khoi lng cua toan
nguyen t ? .
GV: S dung cac cau hoi gi m
giup hs thiet lap cac phng trnh
thong qua cac gt .
GV: cho hs lam bai tap , nhan xet
anh gia va a ra pp giai tong
quat cho bai toan.

4.Cung co: trong khi luyen tap.

5. Dan do: btvn: nguyen t Ni gom 28p , 28e , va 28n .Tnh
khoi lng cua nguyen t Ni va khoi lng cua electron co
trong mot kg Ni.

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 3.
N TP V HT NHN NGUYN T - NGUYN T
HO HC - NG V
I-Mc tiu bi hc
1) Kin thc.
- Cng c kin thc v in tch ht nhn, s khi ca ht nhn nguyn t l g ? Th no l
nguyn t khi, cch tnh nguyn t khi, nguyn t ha hc, trn c s in tch ht nhn. S hiu
nguyn t ? K hiu nguyn t cho bit g ? ng v l g ?
- Cch tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh
2) K nng.
- Rn luyn k nng gii cc bi tp lin quan n in tch ht nhn, s khi, k hiu nguyn
t, ng v , nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh ca cc nguyn t ha hc.
3) Thi .
- Thng qua t duy bin chng GD cho HS trnh m tn d oan nhiu v c tinh thn on kt
tt khi lm vic tp th, lm vic nhm
II- Chun b:
- GV: Gio n son h htng cc cu hi v kin thc chnh ca bi.
- HS: Hc cc kin thc c v bi thnh phn nguyn t.
III- Tin trnh bi dy
1. n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c
1/ Thnh phn cu to nguyn t ? cu to ca ht nhn nguyn t ?
Nhn xt v khi lng v in tch ca cc ht cu to nn nguyn t ?
2/ Sa bi tp 5 trang 9 SGK
3) Hot ng dy hc
Noi dung
I. Kin thc cn nh
1/ in tch ht nhn
- Proton mang in tch 1+, nu ht nhn c Z
proton th in tch ca ht nhn bng Z+
Trong nguyn t : S Z = S p = S e
Vd: nguyn t Na c Z+ = 11+ ngt Na c
11p, 11e
2/ S khi
L tng s ht proton v ntron ca ht nhn
: A = Z + N
3/ Nguyn t ho hc l nhng nguyn t c
cng in tch ht nhn
4/ S hiu nguyn t
- S n v in tch ht nhn nguyn t ca 1
nguyn t c gi l s hiu nguyn t ca
nguyn t (Z)
5/ K hiu nguyn t

Hoat ong cua thay va tro

Hot ng 1
- GV: Nguyn t c cu to bi nhng loi ht
no ? nu c tnh ca cc ht ? T in tch v
tnh cht ca nguyn t hy nhn xt mi lin
quan gia cc ht ?
=> in tch ht nhn c tnh bi loi ht no?
V sao?
Hot ng 2
- GV: nh ngha, nhn mnh cc im cn lu
.
Hot ng 3
GV:Hng dn h/s c SGK v ghi, nhn mnh
nu in tch ht nhn ngt thay i th tnh cht
ca ngt cng thay i theo. Phn bit khi nim
ngt v ngt (ngt l ht vi m gm ht nhn v
lp v, ngt l tp hp cc ngt c cng in tch
ht nhn)
HS: Lm bi tp p dng theo hng dn ca

S kh i A
S hi u nguyn t Z

gio vin
- GV: Hi qua k hiu nguyn t em c th xc
nh c nhng thng tin g ?
- HS: Da vo c.to nguyn t, s khi v s Z
=> K hiu nguyn t cho bit Z, P, N, E, ngt
II. Bi tp
khi.
Bai 1: Tong so hat trong nguyen GV : cho hs lam bai tap , nhan
t cua mot nguyen to bang 40, xet va cho iem.
trong o so hat mang ien nhieu
hn so hat khong mang ien la GV: gii thieu ac iem cua cac
12. X so khoi A, so hieu nguyen to co
nguyen t cua nguyen to o.
2 < = Z < = 82 ta luon co 1< = N <
S : A = 27 , Z = 13.
= 1,5
Bai 2 : Tong so hat trong nguyen
Z
t cua mot nguyen to bang GV : dung cac cau hoi gi m
13 . X so hieu nguyen t va giup hs nh hng pp giai bai
so khoi cua nguyen t nguyen tap .
to o .
S: Z = 4 , A = 9.
GV : cho hs van dung valam bai
Bai 3 : Tong so cc loi hat trong tap.
nguyen t cua mot nguyen to GV : nhan xet , cung co cho hs.
bang 115 . X so hieu nguyen GV : khai quat pp chung e giai
t va so khoi cua nguyen t dang bai tap nay.
nguyen to o .
GV : cho hs van dung cac kien
S : Z = 33 , A = 82; Z = 34 , A = thc va co e lam bai tap .
81
GV : nhan xet va cho iem .
Z = 35 , A = 80; Z = 36 , A
= 79
Z = 37 , A = 78; Z = 38 , A
GV : cho hs van dung cong thc
= 77Bai 1 : Tnh nguyen t khoi
tnh nguyen t khoi tb e giai
tb cua Ni biet rang Ni co 4 ong bai tap.
v : 5828Ni ( 67,76 % ) , 6028Ni (26,16
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.
% ), 6128Ni ( 2,42 % ) , 6228Ni ( 3,66
%).
S : Atb = 58,74.
GV : dung cac cau hoi gi m
Bai 2 : Nguyen t khoi tb cua Ag giup hs nh hng lam bai tap.
la 107,87 trong o 109Ag chiem
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.
44% , phan con lai la ong v
th hai .X so khoi cua ong v
th hai .
S: A2 = 107.
GV : cho hs van dung nhnh kien
Bai 3 : Oxy co ba ong v :
thc a co e lam bai tap.
16
17
18
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.
8O ,
8O ,
8O . Tnh nguyen t
khoi tb cua oxy. Biet % cacc
ong v la x1 , x2 , x3 ma x1 = 15x2
va x1 x2 = 21x3.
S : Atb = 16,14.
4.Cung co: trong khi luyen tap.
5. Dan do: btvn:
- Tong so hat trong nguyen t cua mot nguyen to bang 78 . X
Z va A cua nguyen t nguyen to o.
X

K hiu ngt

- Neon co nguyen t khoi tb bang 20,18 gom 2 ong v

22
10Ne. Tnh % cua cac ong v.

20

Ne ,

10

Rt kinh nghim

..

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 4 + 5
N TP CU TO V NGUYN T + CU HNH
ELECTRON NGUYN T
I. MC CH CA BI DY
1) Kin thc c bn:
- Nam c ac iem cau tao vo ngt , cau hnh electron
ngt . phan loai ngto.
2) K nng.
- Gii cc bi tp lin quan n ng v, ngt khi, ngt khi trung bnh ca cc ngt ho hc.
3) Thi .
- Thng qua t duy bin chng GD cho HS trnh m tn d oan nhiu v c tinh
II. Chun b:
- GV: Gio n son h thng cc cu hi v kin thc chnh cn nm ca bi.
- HS: Hc cc kin thc c v bi thnh phn nguyn t.
III- Tin trnh bi dy
1) n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c
1/Ngt ho hc l g?S hiu ngt l s nh th no?K hiu ngt cho bit nhng thng tin g?
2/ Sa bi tp 6 trang 14 SGK
4) Hot ng dy hc
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung

I. S chuyn ng ca cc electron trong

nguyn t:
-Cc electron chuyn ng rt nhanh trong khu
vc xung quanh ht nhn nguyn t khng theo
nhng qu o xc nh to nn v nguyn t.
- Trong nguyn t: S e = s p = Z.

Hot ng 1.
- GV: Treo hnh 1.6 SGK, hng dn HS c
SGK,nu cu hi.
- HS: Tr li v rt ra nhn xt: e c.ng xung quanh
ht nhn theo qu o xc nh.
Quan im ny ngy nay cn ng khng?
- GV: Hy cho bit s chuyn ng ca cc electron
trong nguyn t .
- HS: Cc e c.ng rt nhanh trong khu vc xung
quanh ht nhn theo qu o khng xc nh to
thnh lp v ngt..
II. Lp e v phn lp e
- GV: Em hy cho bit mi lin quan gia s e ,s p
1.Lp electron:
v s hiu. HS: s e= s p=Z.
- trng thi c bn, cc e ln lt chim cc
Hot ng 2.
mc nng lng t thp n cao (t gn HN ra - GV: Cho HS cng nghin cu SGK cng rt ra
ngoi ) v xp thnh tng lp.
cc nhn xt.
- Cc e trn cng mt lp c mc nng lng gn - GV: Thng bo cho HS cc e gn ht nhn c
bng nhau
nng lng thp b ht nhn ht mnh, kh bt ra
khi v v ngc li
- GV: Nhng e c mc nng lng nh th no th
c xp vo mt lp?
Th t lp 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
- HS: c mc nng lng gn bng nhau.
Tn lp
K L M N O P Q
- GV: Mi lp electron li chia thnh phn lp.
2.Phn lp electron:
-Cc e trn cng mt phn lp c mc nng
lng bng nhau
- Em hy nu nhn xt v mc nng lng ca cc
-Cc phn lp c k hiu bng ch ci thng : electron c xp trong cng mt phn lp
s,p, d, f,
- Cc e trn cng mt phn lp
- GV thng bo mt s quy c
S phn lp = STT lp
Cc e phlp s gi l e s, tng t ep, ...
3) Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t:
-Cu hnh e ca ngt biu din s phn b e trn
cc phlp thuc cc lp khc nhau.
- Quy c cch vit cu hnh electron :
+ STT lp e c ghi bng ch s(1, 2,...)
+ Phn lp c ghi bng cc ch ci thng s, p,
d, f.
+ S e c ghi bng s pha trn bn phi ca
phn lp.(s2 , p6 )
- Cch vit cu hnh electron:
+ Xc nh s electron ca nguyn t.
+ Phn b electron vo cc phn lp theo chiu
tng mc nng lng( bt u l 1s), ch s e
ti a trn s, p, d, f.
+ Sp xp li theo s phn b th t cc lp.-VD:
+Fe,Z= 26, 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6
- Cch xc nh nguyn t s, p, d, f:
+Ngt s: c e cui cng in vo phlp s.
+ Ngt p: c e cui cng in vo phlp p.
+ Ngt d: c e cui cng in vo phlp d.
+ Ngt f: c e cui cng in vo phlp f

Hot ng 3:
- GV treo ln bng hnh 1.10, hng dn HS c
SGK bit cc quy lut.
Hot ng 4:
-GV treo cu hnh electron ca 20 nguyn t u v
cho HS bit cu hnh electron l cch biu din s
phn b electron trn cc lp v phn lp.
-GV vit mu cu hnh electron ca Cacbon , hng
dn HS vit cu hnh ca Fe. Sau HS t cho Vd v
cng sa sai trn bng.

Hot ng 5:
-GV hng dn HS nghin cu bng trn tm

3) c im ca lp e ngoi cng:
-i vi ngt ca tt c cc ngt, lp ngoi cng
c nhiu nht l 8 e. + Nhng ngt kh him c
8 e lp ngoi cng (ns2np6) hoc 2e lp ngoi
cng (ngt He ns2 ) khng tham gia vo phn ng
ho hc . + Nhng ngt kim loi thng c 1, 2,
3 e lp ngoi cng.V d:Ca, Z=20, c cu hnh
1s22s22p63s23p64s2, Ca c 2e lp ngoi cng nn
Ca l kim loi. +Nhng ngt phi kim thng c
5, 6, 7 e lp ngoi cng.v d: O, Z = 8,
1s22s22p4, O c 6 e lp ngoi cng nn O l phi
kim. +Nhng nguyn t c 4 e lp ngoi cng c
th l kim loi hoc phi kim.
* Kt lun: Bit cu hnh electron ngt th d
on tnh cht ho hc nguyn t.
III. Bi tp
Bai 1: Viet cau hnh e cua cac
ngt ngto co so hieu ngt sau :
Z bang : 12, 15, 17, 20, 31, 33, 36.
cho biet ngto nao la kim loai, phi
kim, kh hiem? vi moi ngt lp e
nao lk vi hat nhan chac che
nhat, lp nao lien ket vi hat
nhan yeu nhat ? .
Bai 2: Ngt cua ngto X co tong
so hat bang 36, so hat mang ien
nhieu hn so hat khong mang
ien la 12. Viet cau hnh e cua
ngt ngto X. cho biet X la kim loai,
phi kim hay kh hiem ?
S : Mg ( Z = 12 ) 1s22s22p63s2. kim
loai
Bai 3: Tong so hat trong ngt
cua mot ngto bang 13. Xac nh
so khoi A va viet cau hnh e cua
ngt. S : A = 9 . Cau hnh e :
1s22s2.
Bai 4: Tong so hat trong ngt
cua mot ngto bang 60 .Tnh so
khoi A va Z cua ngt ngto o
biet ngt cua ngto o co 2e lp
ngoai cung. S : A = 40 , Z = 20
Bai 5: Hp chat A c tao nen
40
20 Ca
t ngt
va mot phi kim X co
hoa tr I, tong so hat co trong A
bang 164, so hat mang ien nhieu
hn so hat khong mang ien la
52. Xac nh so khoi A va cau
hnh e cua ngt ngto X. S : A =
35

thm nguyn t ch c th c thm ti a bao nhiu e

lp ngoi cng, t rt ra nhn xt.
-GV cho bit thm cc ngt c 8 e lp ngoi cng
ns2np6 v ngt He ns2 u rt bn vng, chng khng
tham gia vo phn ng ho hc tr1s trng
hp(kh him).
-GV cho HS tm thm nhng kim loi, vd Ca, Mg, Al
c bao nhiu e lp ngoi cng.
-GV cho HS tm thm nhng phi kim, vd Cl, O, N
c bao nhiu e lp ngoi cng.
-GV cng HS tng kt, rt ra kt lun nhn xt cn
nh.

GV : cho hs viet cau hnh electron cua

nguyen t cac nguyen to .
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.nhan
manh nhng iem hs hay sai khi viet
cau hnh electron .
GV : cho hs lam bai tap
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.

GV : cho hs van dung nhnh kien

thc a co e lam bai tap.
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.GV : cho
hs lam bai tap
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.

GV : dung cac cau hoi gi m giup

hoc sinh lap cong thc phan t cua
A . viet cac phng trnh theo gt bai
toan.
GV : cho hs lam bai tap .
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.

GV : dung cac cau hoi gi m giup

hoc sinh nh hng cach lam bai
tap.
GV:cho hs lam bai tap .
GV : nhan xet va cho iem.

Cl ( Z = 17 ) 1s22s22p63s23p5
Bai 6: Ngt cua hai ngto X , Y lan
lc co phan lp e ngoai cung
la 4px va 4sy cho biet X khong
phai la kh hiem . cho biet X va Y
la kim loai hay phi kim biet tong
so e cua hai phan lp ngoai
cung cua ngt hai ngto bang 7e.
S: Cau hnh e phlp ngoai
cung cua hai ngt. X : 4s24p5
( pk ) , Y : 4s2 ( kl )

4. Cung co: - Trong khi luyen tap.

5. Dan dobi tp v nh:
- Nguyen t cua nguyen to X co tong so hat bang 115 , trong o
so hat mang ien nhieu hn so hat khong mang ien la 25 . Tnh so
khoi A va Z cua X , viet cau hnh electron cua nguyen t nguyen to
X cho biet X thuoc loai nguyen to
- Viet cau hnh electron cua ccac ngt co so Z nh sau : 15, 22, 28, 34,
39,42.

Ngy son
Ngy ging:
Tit 6
LUYN TP: CU TO V NGUYN T
I. Mc tiu bi hc:
1. Kin thc:
-Hc sinh nm vng:
+ V nguyn t c cc lp v phn lp electron.
+ Chiu tng mc nng lng ca lp, phn lp.
+ S electron ti a trong mt lp, mt phn lp.
+ Cch vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t, t cu hnh suy tnh cht.
2. K nng :
-Hc sinh vn dng:
+ Vit cu hnh electron
+ D on tnh cht nguyn t.
3. Thi :
- Hc sinh c thc on kt tt khi lm vic nhm, c trch nhim vi cng vic c giao,
nhim v c giao.
II. Chun b:
GV: S phn b mc nng lng ca cc lp v cc phn lp (hnh 1.10)
HS: Chun b trc bi luyn tp, kin thc v s phn b electron trn v nguyn t, cch vit cu
hnh electron nguyn t.
III. Tin trnh dy hc:
1) n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c (3 HS ln bng)
1- Bi tp 4/28 SGK;
2- Bi tp 5/28 SGK;
3-Bi tp 6/28 SGK
3) Hot ng dy hc:
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung
I. Kin thc cn nm vng:
Hot ng 1: GV t chc tho lun a) Lp v phn lp
chung cho c lp cng n li kin STT lp (n)
1
2
3
4
thc.
Tn ca lp
K
L
M
N
-V mt nng lng, nhng e nh th S e ti a
2
8
18
32
no c xp vo cng 1 lp, cng 1 S phn lp
1
2
3
4
phn lp?
K hiu phn 1s
2s2p
3s3p3d 4s4p4d4f
-S e ti a lp n l bao nhiu?
lp
-Lp n c bao nhiu phn lp ? Ly v S e ti a 2
2, 6
2, 6, 10 2, 6, 10,14
d khi n=1, 2, 3
phn lp v
lp
b) Mi quan h gia lp e ngoi cng vi loi nguyn t:
Cu hnh e ns1
ns2np2 ns2np3
ns2np6
lp
ngoi ns2
ns2np4
(He:1s2)
2
1
2
5
cng
ns np
ns np
- S e ti a mi phn lp l bao S e thuc 1, 2, 3
4
5, 6, 7
8
nhiu?
lp
ngoi
(He:2)
cng
Loi nguyn Kimloi Kloi
phikim Kh him
t
(tr H, hay
He,B)
pkim
Tnh cht c
bn ca ngt

II. Bi tp:
1) Bi tp trc nghim:
- Cu 1, 2, 3, 4/22 SGK v bi tp SBT theo bi hc.
Hot ng 2: GV t chc cho HS cng - Cu 1, 2, 3 /28 SGK v bi tp SBT theo bi hc.
lm bt.
2) Bi tp t lun:
Dng 1:Xc nh s ht p, n, e
-Bi 6/22 SGK
-Bi 4/28 SGK
-GV hng dn bi tp 4/28 SGK
+Lu :Z N 1,5Z(*)
+Lp biu thc:2Z+N=13
-HS ln bng lm
Kt hp BT(*) bin lun N, Z
Dng 2: Vit cu hnh electron
-GV cng HS tng kt, rt ra kt lun - Bi 6/28 SGK
nhn xt cn nh.
- Bi 6,8/30 SGK
- T cu hnh d on tnh cht nguyn t
- Bi 7/28 SGK
4) Cng c:
-Tnh s ht p, n, e
-Cch vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t
-D on tnh cht nguyn t da trn cu hnh electron
5) Dn d v bi tp v nh:
-Hc k cc kin thc trng tm ca bi 4 v bi 5 V lm bi 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9/30 SGK v cc bi tp
theo bi hc sch bi tp.

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 7
BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HO HC

I. Mc ch bi dy
1. Kin thc c bn:
- Cu to ca bng tun hon , cch xc nh v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon.
2. K nng:
- Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3. Thi .
- Thng qua bi truyn t cho hc sinh cc quy lut tng qut ca t nhin => GD th gii quan
duy vt bin chng t gip hc sinh yu thch b mn thm.
III. Tin trnh dy hc:
1) n nh lp:
A1:/.: ..
A3:/.: ..
2) Kim tra bi c .
- Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon. Cch xc nh v tr ca mt
nguyn t trong bng tun hon .
3) Bai mi :
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung
I. Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t trong bng
Hot ng 1:
tun hon :
- GV treo bng tun hon, HS nhn vo bng v
C 3 nguyn tc:
GV gii thiu nguyn tc 1 km theo : v d minh
1. Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn ha
ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t.
- HS theo di v ghi nh 3 nguyn tc.
- GV t cu hi (da vo cu tr li ca HS
2. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong phn KTBC): cc nguyn t c cng s lp
nguyn t c xp thnh 1 hng gi l chu k.
electron c xp vo bng tun hon nh th
3. Cc nguyn t c s electron ha tr trong
no?
nguyn t nh nhau c xp thnh 1 ct gi l
- HS: xp cng 1 hngGV a ngtc 2
nhm
- GV t cu hi : cc nguyn t c cng s
electron lp ngoi cng c xp vo bng tun
hon nh th no?
- HS: xp cng 1 ct GV a ngtc 3
II. nguyn t:
-Mi nguyn t ha hc c xp vo 1 ca
Hot ng 2:
bng, gi l nguyn t.
- GV gii thiu cho HS bit cc d liu c ghi
-STT ca nguyn t bng s hiu nguyn t ca trong nh: s hiu ngt, k hiu ha hc, tn
nguyn t .
ngt, ngt khi, m in, cu hnh e, s oxi
III. Chu k:
ha.
-Chu k l dy cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca
Hot ng 3:
chng c cng s lp electron, c xp theo chiu -GV ch mt s nguyn t ca cc chu k trn
in tch ht nhn tng dn.
bng tun hon, cho HS nhn xt cc c im
ca chu k.
IV. Nhm nguyn t:
-HS: nhn xt cc c im v kt lun
-Nhm nguyn t l tp hp cc nguyn t m
Hot ng 4:
nguyn t c cu hnh electron tng t nhau, do -GV ch mt s nguyn t ca cc nhm trn
c tnh cht ha hc gn ging nhau v c bng tun hon, cho HS nhn xt cc c im
xp thnh 1 ct.
ca nhm
Bi 1 :
-HS nhn xt v kt lun
- Cho cc nguyn t c s hiu nguynt sau : 13,
Hot ng 5
18 , 20, 32, 35 .Hy xc nh v tr ca cc nguyn
GV : Cho hs lm bi tp
t trong bng tun hon .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
Bi 2 :
- Nguyn t A thuc chu k 5 , nhm VIIA . Xc

nh s hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t A , vit cu

hnh electron ca A.
S : I ( Z = 53 ) :
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s25p5 .

GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip dnh hng

pp gii bi tp
GV : cho hs lm bi tp .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.

Bi 3 :
- Mt nguyn t thuc nhm VIA , nguyn t ca
nguyn t c tng s ht bng 28 . Hy xc nh tn GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip hc sinh nh
nguyn t , vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t
hng cch lm bi tp.
nguyn t y.
S : Nguyn t Flo : 1s22s22p5 .
GV:cho hs lm bi tp .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
4. Cng c: trong khi luyn tp.
Tng s ht trong nguyn t ca nguyn t X bng 52 .X thuc nhm VIIA .Xc nh s khi ca X
, vit cu hnh electron ca X.
5. Dn d:
V nh n tp li bi c v lm cc bi tp cn li trong SGK v cc bi tp c lin quan trong SBT

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 8.
N TP V S BIN I TUN HON ELECTRON NGUYN T.
I. Mc tiu bi hc

1. Kin thc c bn:

Hc sinh nm c quy lut bin i cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon.
2. K nng:
Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3. V thi :
Gio dc thc hot ng tp th, c thc nghim tc trong hc tp v trong hot ng nhm, c
trch nhim trong nhim v c giao trong nhm.
II Chun b.
- GV: Bng tun hon, bng 5 trong SGK v gio n
- HS: Kin thc c v cu to bng tun hon.
III. Tin trnh dy hc:
1) n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c
Nu qui lut bin i cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon hy gii thch qui
lut bin i .
3) Bai mi :
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung
1. S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron nguyn
Hot ng 1:
t ca cc nguyn t:
-GV cho HS nhn xt: S bin thin s e lp
- Nhn xt: cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t trong
nguyn t cc nguyn t c lp i lp li sau mi cc nhm A
chu k: u chu k l ns1, cui chu k l ns2np6 -HS: Xt cu hnh e cc nguyn t nhm A
qua cc chu k ,t suy ra s e lp ngoi
chng bin i mt cch tun hon.
cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t c lp i
- Kt lun: nguyn nhn s bin i tun hon tnh
lp li chng bin i 1 cch tun hon
cht ca cc nguyn t l do s bin i tun hon
cu hnh e lp ngoi cng khi in tch ht nhn tng -GV b sung v kt lun v nguyn nhn s
dn.
bin i tun hon
2. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng nguyn t ca
Hot ng 2:
cc nguyn t nhm A
-GV v HS da vo bng 5 tho lun
-Trong cng 1 nhm A: nguyn t cc nguyn t c -GV: em c nhn xt g v s e lp ngoi
cng s electron lp ngoi cng tnh cht ha hc cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t trong cng
1 nhm A ?
ging nhau.
-STT ca nhm = s e lp ngoi cng = s e ha -GV : STT ca mi nhm A vi s e lp ngoi
cng trong nguyn t cc ngt trong nhm c
tr.
lin quan nh th no?
Hot ng 3.
Bi 1 :
GV : Cho hs lm mt s bi tp
Cho bit cc nguyn t cc nguyn t A,B,C cc
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
electron c mc nng lng cao nht c xp vo
cc phn lp tng ng l : 2p3,4s1 , 4p5.Vit cu hnh
electron y ca cc nguyn t nguyn t trn v
cho bit v tr ca cc nguyn t .
GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip dnh
Bi 2 :
hng pp gii bi tp
A v B l hai nguyn t cng mt phn nhm v
thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon . tng GV : cho hs lm bi tp .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
s electron trong hai ht nhn nguyn t bng 32 .
Xc nh v tr ca A v B trong bng tun hon .
S: A l Mg thuc chu k 3 nhm IIAv B l Ca
thuc chu k 4 nhm IIA.
Bi 3 : Hai nguyn t A v B ng k tip nhau trong
cng mt chu k ca bng tun hon c tng s in
tch ht nhn l 25 xc nh hai nguyn t A v B.

GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip hc sinh

S: A l Mg v B l Al

nh hng cch lm bi tp.

GV:cho hs lm bi tp .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.

4. Cng c: trong khi luyn tp.

5. Dn d: btvn : hai nguyn t A v B thuc cng chu k v hai nhm k tip nhau trong bng
tun hon .Xc nh v tr ca A v B trong bng tun hon bit tng s proton trong A v B bng
51.

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 9.

N TP V S BIN I TUN HON TNH CHT CA CC NGUYN T.

I. Mc tiu bi hc
1) Kin thc c bn:
- Nm c quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon.v nh lut tun
hon .
2) K nng:
- Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3) V thi :
- Truyn t ti hc sinh mt nh lut tng qut ca t nhin gp phn hnh thnh th gii quan
duy vt bin chng cho hc sinh.
II Chun b.
- GV: Sch gio khoa , gio n, Bng HTTH
- HS: Kin thc c lin quan n bi hc.
III. Tin trnh dy hc:
1) n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c
Nu qui lut bin i tnh kim loi , phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon gii thch qui
lut .
3. Bai mi :
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung
1. Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim
Hot ng 1
- Tnh kim loi: l tnh cht ca ngt m ngt ca n GV hi th no l tnh kim loi, tnh phi

kim? Nguyn t cng d mt hoc thu e

d mt e tr thnh ion .
tnh kim loi hoc phi kim bin i nh
- Nguyn t cng d mt e th tnh kim loi cng th no.
mnh.
HS tho lun v tr li cu hi.
- Tnh phi kim: l tnh cht ca mt ngt m ngt ca
n d thu e tr thnh ion m.
- Nguyn t cng d thu e th tnh phi kim cng mnh.
2. S bin i tnh cht trong mt chu k:
Hot ng 2.
- Trong mt chu k, theo chiu tng dn ca in tch GV hi trong mt chu k tnh kim loi, phi
ht nhn, tnh k.loi ca cc ngt yu dn ng thi kim bin i nh th no.
tnh p.kim mnh dn.
HS n tp v tr li cu hi
Hot ng 3.
1.
S bin i tnh cht trong mt nhm A:
GV hi trong mt nhm A tnh kim loi,
Trong mt nhm A, theo chiu tng dn ca in tch phi kim bin i nh th no.
ht nhn, tnh k.loi ca cc ngt mnh dn ng thi HS n tp v tr li cu hi
tnh p.kim yu dn.
Bai 1 :
Hot ng 4.
Hy sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo th t. gii
GV : Cho hs lm bi tp
thch ?
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
a. Tnh kim loi tng dn: Na , Mg , Al , Si ,P ,K.
b. Tnh phi kim gim dn : As, Se , Br , Cl, F.
Bi 2 :
Mt ngt c xit cao nht l R 2O7. Ngt y to vi GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip dnh
hiro mt cht kh trong hiro chim 0,78 % v hng pp gii bi tp
khi lng. Hy xc nh nguyn t y .
GV : cho hs lm bi tp .
S: MR= 127 , R l I2.
GV: nh hng pp gii bi tp chung.
Bi 3 :
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
Cho 0,2 mol oxit ca nguyn t thuc nhm chnh
nhm III tc dng vi axit HCl c d th thu c
GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip hc
53,5 gam mui khan, hy xc nh nguyn t y.
sinh nh hng cch lm bi tp.

S: Nguyn t Al.

GV:cho hs lm bi tp .
GV : nhn xt v cho im.

4.Cng c: trong khi luyn tp.

5. Dn d: btvn
Ho tan mt xit ca ngt thuc nhm IIA bng mt lng va dung dch H 2SO4 10% th thu
c mt dung dch mui nng 11,8 %. Hy xc nh nguyn t trn .

Ngay soan :
Ngy ging:
Tit 10
N TP V S BIN I TUN HON CU HNH V TNH CHT
CA CC NGUYN T HO HC
I. Mc tiu bi hc

1) Kin thc c bn:

Nm c quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon v nh lut tun
hon .
2) K nng:
Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3) V thi :
- Truyn t ti hc sinh mt nh lut tng qut ca t nhin gp phn hnh thnh th gii quan
duy vt bin chng cho hc sinh.
II Chun b.
- GV: Sch gio khoa , gio n, Bng HTTH
- HS: Kin thc c lin quan n bi hc.
III. Tin trnh dy hc:
1) n nh lp:
2) Kim tra bi c( Lng theo bi hc)
3) Bai mi :
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung
1. m in:
Hot ng 1.
a.
Khi nim: m in ca mt nguyn t c1. m in l mt khi nim mi, do GV
trng cho kh nng ht e ca ngt ngt khi hnh cung cp cho HS nh ngha ny.
thnh lin kt ha hc.
HS quan st bng 6 trang 45 SGK, nhn xt
b.
Bng m in:(xem bng 6(45) SGK).
s bin i, nu quy lut bin i m in .
- Trong mt chu k khi i t tri sang phi theo chiu HS khc nhc li.
tng ca in tch ht nhn, gi tr m in ca cc
nguyn t ni chung tng dn.
2.
GV: s bin i m in ging vi
- Trong mt nhm A khi i t trn xung di theo s bin i tnh cht no ca ngt?
chiu tng in tch ht nhn, gi tr m in ca
HS: quy lut bin i m in ging vi
cc nguyn t ni chung gim dn. Quy lut bin i s bin i tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t.
m in ph hp vi s bin i tnh kim loi v
tnh phi kim.
Kt lun: tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn
t bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht
Hot ng 2
nhn.
GV: t hy nu s bin i ha tr ca cc
HA TR CC NGUYN T:
nguyn t trong mt chu k.
Trong mt chu k, i t tri sang phi ho tr cao nht HS: nu s bin i, GV b sung. HS khc
ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht vi oxy tng dn t nhc li.
1 n 7; cn ha tr ca cc phi kim trong hp cht
vi hidro gim t 1 n 4.
Yu cu HS bng 8 trang 46 SGK, nu nhn
OXIT V HIDROXIT CA CC NGT NHM
xt v s bin i tnh axit baz ca cc oxit
A
v hidroxit . Suy ra quy lut bin i tnh axit
Trong mt chu k, i t tri sang phi theo chiu tng baz.
dn in tch ht nhn, tnh baz cc oxit v hidroxit
tng ng yu dn ng thi tnh axit ca chng tng GV: qua cc quy lut bin i c kho st,
dn.
ta nhn thy rng khng nhng tnh cht ca
III.
NH LUT TUN HON
cc ngt ( l tnh kim loi , phi kim) m cc hp
Tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v n cht, cng
cht (oxit cao nht, hp cht vi hidro) v cc
nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht to tnh cht ca n (tnh axit, baz) cng bin i
nn t cc nguyn t bin i tun han theo
tun hon. Tng hp li ta c quy lut chung
chiu tng in tch ht nhn.
Hot ng 3
II. Bi tp
Bai 1 :
GV : Cho hs lm bi tp
Cho mt kim loi c ho tri khng i tc dng vi
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
nc ngi ta thu c 168 ml kh H2 (kc) xc nh
kim loi trn. S : Ca

Bi 2 :
GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip dnh hng
Hp cht X to bi hai ngt A v B c phn t lng pp gii bi tp
76 .Av B c ho tr cao nht vi oxi l nov mo c
GV : cho hs lm bi tp .
hoa tri vi hidri l nH v mH tho mn iu kin: no-nH GV : nhn xt v cho im.
= 0 v mo=3m hy lp cng thc phn t ca X. S:
CS2.
GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip hc sinh
Bi 3 :
nh hng cch lm bi tp.
Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp hai kim loi Mg
GV:cho hs lm bi tp .
v Al vo 200 gam dung dch HCl sau phn ng thu
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
c 8,96 lt kh H2 ( kc )
a. Cc nh % khi lng cc kim loi trong hn hp
Tnh C% cc mui c trong dung dch thu c sau
phn ng .
S : a.%mMg = 30,77 v %mAl = 69,23.
b.C%(MgCl2 )=4,59% v C%(AlCl3)=12,9%
4. Cng c: trong khi luyn tp.
5. Dn d:btvn
Ho tan hon ton 16,8 gam mt kim loi M ho tri II v III vo lng d dung dch H2SO4 thu
c 6,72 lt kh H2(kc) .Xc nh kim loi M.

Ngy son :
Ngy ging:
Tit 11
N TP NGHA CA BTH CC NGUYN T HA HC.
I. MC TIU:

1.

2.

3.

4.

1. Kin thc:
- Khng nh tnh ng n ca bng HTTH. T cu to nguyn t HS c th suy ra tnh cht ha
hc v ngc li. So snh tnh cht ca nguyn t ny vi nguyn t khc. D on cu to nguyn
t v tnh cht ha hc ca nguyn t cha bit.
2. K nng:
Rn luyn cho HS bit s dng bng HTTH:
- Bit v tr ca mt ngt trong bng HTTH . C th suy ra cu to ngt v ngc li , c th suy ra
tnh cht ha hc c bn ca nguyn t v cc ngt thuc cng nhm.
- HS vn dng cc quy lut bin i so snh cc tnh cht ca ngt ny vi ngt khc.
3. Thi :
Hc sinh c thi nghim tc trong hc tp, c tinh thn lm vic tp th tt, c trch nhim
vi nhim v c giao.
II. Chun b:
- GV: Sch gio khoa, gio n son h thng cc cu hi v ni dung ca bi.
- HS: Bng HTTH
III. Tin trnh dy hc :
1. n nh lp.
2. Kim tra bi c.
Nu quy lun bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim trong chu k v trong nhm A. Vn dng quy lut
sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo chiu tng dn tnh kim loi: K; Mg; Na; Al.
3. Bi mi
Hot ng ca thy v tr
- Ni dung
GV: Nu khng da vo BTH; ch da vo I.
QUAN H GIA V TR CA NGUYN T V
cu to ngt th c bit c v tr ca mt
CU TO NGUYN T.
ngt trong BTH?
V tr
Cu to
HS: da vo cu to nguyn t:
STT ca nguyn t S p = s e
s e = s p
STT ()
STT ca chu k
S lp e
STT ca nhm A
S e lp ngoi cng
S lp e
STT ca chu k.
S e lp ngoi cng
V d 1: nguyn t c STT 19, thuc chu k 4, nhm IA.
STT ca nhmA
GV: vy ngc li nu bit v tr ca mt Vy cu to nguyn t :
ngt ta c th suy ra c cu to ngt ca Nguyn t c STT l 19 nn nguyn t c 19proton v
19electron. Ngt thuc chu k 4 nn c 4 lp e. Ngt thuc
mt ngt.
nhm IA nn c 1e lp ngoi cng. Nguyn t l Kali.
HS lm v d:
V d 1: Nguyn t c STT l 19; chu k 4; V d 2: ngt R c cu hnh e l 1s 2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4.. C th
suy ra:
nhm IA. HS nu cu to nguyn t.
2
2
V d 2: nguyn t R c cu hnh e la 1s 2s - Tng s e l 16 nn ngt c 16 p, vy ngt th 16,
thuc chu k 3 v c 3 lp e, thuc nhm VIA v c 6e
2p6 3s2 3p4..C th suy ra c nhng g?
lp ngoi cng=> l ngt lu hunh.
GV: khi bit c v tr ca mt ngt trong QUAN H GIA V TR V TNH CHT CA
bng HTTH th c th suy ra tnh cht c bn NGUYN T.
V tr
Tnh cht
ca ngt . l nhng t/cht no?
HS: ta c th bit c nguyn t l kim Vi d: nguyn t lu hunh c STT l 16, thuc chu k 3,
loi phi kim kh him; cng thc oxit cao nhm VIA.Vy ta c th suy ra:
nht, hp cht vi hidro ( nu c), tnh axit - Lu hunh l phi kim.
- C ho tr cao nht l 6, oxit cao nht l SO 3 l oxit axit;
baz
HS lm v d 3: nguyn t lu hunh c STT hidroxit l H2SO4 l axit mnh
- Ho tr vi hidro l 2, hp cht kh vi hidro l H2S.
l 16, thuc chu k 3, nhm IIIA.Vy
SO SNH TNH CHT HA HC CA MT
GV: Da vo cc quy lut s bin i tnh
cht ca cc nguyn t v LTH ta c th so NGUYN T VI CC NGUYN T LN CN
snh tnh cht ca mt nguyn t hay hp Vd: So snh t/cht ca P vi Si v S; vi N v As
- Xp theo th t tng dn in tch ht nhn: Si; P; S: cc
cht tng ng vi cc nguyn t khc.

HS lm v d so snh tnh cht ca P vi Si

v S; vi N v As.
GV yu cu HS pht biu quy lut ca s
bin i tnh kim loi phi kim theo chu k
v theo nhm,s bin i tnh axit baz theo
chu k, t rt ra kt lun.

ngt thuc cng chu k 3. Trong mt chu k, theo chiu

tng Z tnh phi kim tng nn: P c tnh phkim mnh hn Si
nhng yu hn S.
- Xp theo th t N; P; As: thuc nhm VA. Trong nhm A
theo chiu tng dn in tch ht nhn, tnh phi kim yu
dn, do P c tnh phi kim yu hn N nhng mnh hn
As.
- Hidroxit ca n: H3PO4 c tnh axit yu hn H2SO4 v
HNO3.

4. Cng c luyn tp:

- Cu to ngt
V tr ngt trong HTTH
Tnh cht ha hc c bn ca ngt.
- Da vo quy lut ca s bin i: so snh tnh cht ca nguyn t ny vi nguyn t khc
(theo nhm v theo chu k)
5. Dn d bi tp v nh:
- Hc bi v lm bi tp cn li trong SGK trang 51 - SGK.

Ngy son:
Ngy ging:
Tit 12
LUYN TP: BNG TUN HON, S BIN I TUN HON CU HNH
ELECTRON CA NGUYN T V TNH CHT CA
CC NGUYN T HA HC
I. Mc tiu bi hc.
1. Kin thc
- Hc sinh nm vng: Cu to ca bng tun hon. S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron nguyn
t ca cc nguyn t, tnh kim loai, tnh phi kim, bn knh nguyn t, m in v ha tr. nh
lut tun hon.
2. K nng.
- C k nng s dng bng tun hon. T v tr nguyn t suy ra tnh cht, cu to nguyn t v
ngc li.
3. Thi .
- HS c thi nghim tc, hng hai trong hc tp, rn luyn. C trch nhim vi nhim v c
giao.
II. Chun b.
GV: Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc.
HS: Kin thc c c lin quan n bi hc.
III. Tin trnh dy hc.
1. n nh lp.
2. Kim tra bi c
3. Hat ng dy hc
Hat ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung
Hot ng 1:
A. Kin thc cn nm vng
- GV: Yu cu HS nhn vo bng tun hon v tr 1. Cu to bng tun hon
li cc cu hi:
a) Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t trong bng
- Cho bit nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t tun hon.
trong bng tun hon.
- Cc nguyn t c xp theo chiu tng dn ca
- Ly s sp xp 20 nguyn t u trong bng
in tch ht nhn.
tun hon minh ha cho nguyn tc sp xp
- Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong
- Th no l nguyn t?
nguyn t c xp thnh 1 hng.
- Cc nguyn t c s electron ha tr nh nhau
Hot ng 2:
c xp thnh 1 ct.
GV: Yu cu HS nhn vo bng tun hon v tr b) nguyn t: Mi nguyn t xp vo 1 , STT
li cc cu hi sau:
ca bng s z.
- Th no l chu k? C bao nhiu chu k nh, c) Chu k. Mi hng l 1 chu k. BTH c 7 chu k: 3
chu k ln? Mi Chu K c bao nhiu nguyn chu k nh v 4 chu k ln.
t?
- Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t thuc 1 chu k c s
- S th t ca Chu K cho ta bit iu g v s lp electron nh nhau. (S th t chu k = S lp
lp electron?
electron )
- Ti sao trong mt Chu K, khi bn knh d) IA n VIIIA thuc Chu K nh v Chu K ln.
nguyn t cc nguyn t gim dn theo chiu t Nhm B thuc Chu K ln. Nhm IA, IIA l nguyn
tri sang phi, th tnh kim loi gim tnh phi t s, IIIA n VIIIA l nguyn t p. Nhm B l cc
kim tng dn.
nguyn t d v f
Hot ng 3:
- GV: Yu cu HS da vo cu hnh electron ca 2. S bin i tun hon
20 nguyn t u (SGK/26) cho nhn xt v s a - Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t. Cu hnh
bin i cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t electron ca nguyn t ca cc nguyn t bin i
mi Chu K.
tun hon.
- GV: Kt lun.
b) S bin i tun hon tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim,

- GV: Yu cu HS ch vo BTH v trnh by s

bin thin tun hon tnh cht :
- Tnh kim loi, Tnh phi kim, Bn knh nguyn
t. Gi tr m in ca cc ngt. V pht biu
nh lut tun hon.

bn knh nguyn t v gi tr m in ca cc
nguyn t. c tm tt trong bng trong SGK trang
53 .
c) nh lut tun hon.
Tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v n cht, cng nh
thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht to nn t
cc nguyn t bin i tun hon theo chiu tng
ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t.
B. Bi tp
GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi
Bi tp l thuyt t lun
HS tr li cu hi:
BT 6. SGK trang 54. Mt nguyn t thuc chu k 3,
- c im ca chu k.
nhm VIA trong bng tun hon.
a) Nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu electron
- c im ca nhm A
GV yu cu HS lm cc bi tp l thuyt t lun 6 lp electron ngoi cng?
b) Lp electron ngoi cng l lp th my?
trong SGK, 20 trong SBT.
c) Vit s electron tng lp electron.
HS da theo sgk gii bi tp.
BT 2.49 SBT trang 20
a) So snh tnh phi kim ca: Si, Al v P
b) So snh tnh phi kim ca: Si, C v Ge
4. Cng c
HS nhc li cc quy lut bin i tun hon tnh cht cc nguyn t ha hc. HS pht biu nh lut
tun hon.
5. Dn d bi tp v nh
- V nh n tp li bi c v c trc bi chun b cho tit hc sau.

Ngy son :

Ngy ging:
Tit 13.
N TP V LIN KT ION TINH TH ION.
I. MC CH CA BI DY
1. Kin thc c bn:
Nm c bn cht ca lin kt ion .s to thnh cc ion dng ion m.
2. K nng:
Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3. Thi .
- GD cho hc sinh t nhn thc c khoa hc lun gn lin vi thc t, c ng dng nhiu
trong thc t.
II. Chun b
- GV: Hnh v tinh th NaCl, gio n son h thng cu hi v kin thc c bn.
- HS: Kin thc c c lin quan n bi hc.
III. Tin trnh dy hc
1. n nh.
2. Kim tra bi c
Th no l ion , ion dng , ion m , bn cht ca lin kt ion ?
3. Bi mi :
Noi dung
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
I. S to thnh ion, cation, anion.
Hot ng 1:
a. Ion. Ngt trung ho v in. Khi ngt - GV t vn : Cho Na(Z = 11). Hy tnh xem ngt Na
nhng hay nhn e n tr thnh phn t mang c trung ha in hay khng? Yu cu HS vit cu hnh e
in gi l ion.
ca Na. Nu nguyn t Na nhng 1e phn lp ngoi
b - Cation
cng (3s1) th in tch ca phn cn li ca ngt l bao
nhiu?
Al Al3+ + 3e
- GV: kt lun
Ion nhm
n+
Hot ng 2:
TQ: M M
+ ne
HS
so
snh
cu
hnh
e ca ion Na+ vi cu hnh e ca
Cc ngt k.loi lp ngoi cng c 1, 2, 3e u
kh him gn nht (Ne)

- GV cho HS vn dng: vit phng trnh nhng e ca

d nhng e tr thnh ion .
cc nguyn t Mg, Al
c) Anion
2- GV kt lun v hng dn HS gi tn cc cation kim
Vd2: O + 2e O
loi (gi theo tn kim loi).
Anion oxit
Hot ng 3:
nTQ: X + ne X
- GV yu cu HS vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t
Cc nguyn t phi kim lp ngoi cng c 5, 6,
Cl.
7 electron c kh nng nhn thm 3, 2 hay 1e
- GV: HD HS tm hiu s to thnh ion Cl tr thnh ion m.
- HS so snh cu hnh e ca ion Cl- vi cu hnh e ca kh
2. Ion n ngt v ion a nguyn t.
him gn nht (Ar)
a. Ion n nguyn t: L cc ion to nn t
- GV cho HS vn dng: vit phng trnh nhn electron
1 ngt. V d: Li+, Mg2+, F-, O2ca cc ngt O, N.
b. Ion a nguyn t: L nhng nhm ngt
-HS:nhn xt v s to thnh cc ion: Cl-, O2mang in tch dng hay m.
- GV kt lun v hng dn gi tn cc anion phi
NH 4 SO42
kim(gi theo tn gc axit tr O 2-gi l anion oxit).
V d: OH ,
,
Hot ng 4:
II. S to thnh lin kt ion.
- GV: rt ra kt lun v ion n nguyn t v ion a
Xt phn ng ca Na vi clo:
nguyn t v hng dn HS nghin cu SGK bit tn
Ion Na+ ht ion Cl- to nn phn t NaCl
cc ion a nguyn t.
Hot ng 5:
2 1e
Pt: 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
-GV:lin kt gia Na+v Cl- l lin kt ion.
Vy: Lin kt ion l lin kt c hnh thnh - HS: rt ra nhn xt v lin kt ion.

bi lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in - GV: kt lun

tri du.
Hot ng 6:
III. Tinh th ion
- HS: quan st m hnh tinh th NaCl.
1. Tinh th NaCl
- GV: m t mng tinh th ion (NaCl)
th rn, NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th ion. - GV: tho lun vi HS v cc tnh cht m cc em
2. Tnh cht chung ca hp cht ion.
bit khi s dng mui n hng ngy nh trng thi vt l,
- Cc hp cht ion u kh rn, kh nng tnh tan trong nc.
chy, kh bay hi, tan nhiu trong nc. Khi - GV c th cho HS bit tnh dn in ca dung dch
nng chy v khi tan trong nc chng dn mui n.
in cn trng thi rn th khng dn in.
Bi 1 : Bit K,Mg,Al thuc nhm IA,IIA,IIIA
Hot ng 7.
cho bit cu hnh electron ca cc ion
GV : cho hs lm bi tp
K+,Mg2+,Al3+.
GV : nhn xt v cho im.
Bi 2 : Hp cht A c cng thc RX trong
R chim 22,33% v khi lng .Tng s cc GV : dng cc cu hi gi m gip dnh hng pp gii
ht trong A bng 149 .Tng s proton ca R bi tp
v X bng 46. S notron ca X = 3,75 ln s GV : cho hs lm bi tp .
notron ca R. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t, GV : nhn xt v cho im.
vit cu hnh e nguyn t ca R v X. Cho
bit bn cht lin kt trong phn t RX.
GV:cho hs lm bi tp .
Bi 3:Hy gii thch bn cht ca cc lin kt GV : nhn xt v cho im.
trong cc hp cht sau : Al2O3 , CaCl2 ,Na2S.
4.Cung co: trong khi luyen tap.
5. Dan do: btvn :Hay giai thch s tao thanh lien ket
trong cac hp chat sau : K2O, NaNO3 , MgSO4.

Ngy son :
Ngy ging:
Tit 13
N TAP LIEN KET CONG HOA TR.
I. Mc tiu bi hc.
1.Kin thc c bn:
- Nm c bn cht ca lin kt cng ho tri , lin kt phi tr. Nm c cch xc nh ho tr
ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht cng ho tr v trong hp cht ion. Cch xc nh s xiha ca
cc nguyn t .
2.K nng:
- Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3. Thi .
- Gio dc cho HS lun c thc t hc t rn luyn c s chun b bi tt khi n lp
II. Chun b
- GV:
- HS: Kin thc c c lin quan.
C/ TIN TRNH LN LP
1.n nh lp :
2. Kim tra bi c :
- Nu bn cht ca lin kt CHT ,cho v d.
- Ho tr ca mt nguyn t c xc nh nh th no ? nu cc qui tc xc nh s xiha ca cc
nguyn t
3. Bi mi :
Ni dung
Hot ng ca thy v tr
A.. Lin kt cho - nhn
* Gio vin yu cu hc sinh nhn xt v
Trong mt s trng hp, cp electron chung ch do s electron lp ngoi cng ca S v O. T
mt nguyn t ng gp th lin kt gia hai nguyn t yu cu hc sinh gii thch v s to
l lin kt cho nhn.
thnh phn t SO2 theo quy tc bt t.
V d: Phn t SO2.
* Khi hc sinh khng gii quyt c gio
S
vin gii thch v s to thnh lin kt
O
O
trong phn t SO2.
=> iu kin c lin kt cho nhn
Gv: cho hs lm bai tp
Bi 1 : Vit cng thc cu to ca cc hp cht sau v
GV : nhn xt v cho im
cho bit bn cht ca cc li kt trong cc hp cht : GV: dng cc cu hi gi m gip hs nh
Na2CO3 , K2SO4 , Cl2O7, Ca2(PO4)3.
hng pp gii bi tp
Bi 2 : Trong hp cht AB 2 A,B l hai ngt cng mt GV : cho hs lm bi tp
nhm A thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun GV: nhn xt v cho im.
hon .Tng s proton trong ht nhn ngt ca A v B l
24
a. Vit cu hnh electron ca A v B v cc ion A2- v
B2-.
GV: yu cu hs nu qui tc xc nh bn
b.Vit cng thc cu to ca phn t AB 2 v cho bit cht ca lin kt da vo m in.
phn t c loi lin kt no?
GV : cho hs lm bi tp
S : SO2. Gv: nhn xt v cho im .
Bi 3 : Da vo m in , hy sp xp theo chiu
tng phn mc ca lin kt gia hai ngt trong ph/t GV: cho hs ln bng lm bi tp
cc cht sau : CaO , MgO , AlN, N 2 , NaBr , BCl3 , GV nhn xt v cho im
AlCl3 , CH4.
Bi 4: Vit cng thc cu to v xc nh ho tr ca
cc ngt trong cc hp cht sau : N2O5, AlCl3, KNO3,
C2H4, NH4Cl, Ca(HCO3)2.

Bi 5: Xc nh s xiha ca cc ngt trong cc hp

HS vn dng qui tc xc nh s xiha
cht sau : Fe ,CO2 , HNO3 ,Cu(NO3)2 , H2SO4 ,ZnSO4,
xc nh s xiha ca cc nguyn t
K2Cr2O7, Cl2 , NH4NO3.
trong hp cht.
Bi 6 : Ngt R c tng s ht bng 52. Ngt R c hai
loi ng v. ng v th hai c tng s phn t nhiu
GV dng cc cu hi gi m gip hs nh
hn ng v th nht ni trn 2 ht v c 120 ngt ca
hng pp gii bi tp
ngt R th c 30 ngt ng v th hai . Xc nh ngt
GV cho hs ln bng lm bi tp.
khi trung bnh ca R v vit cng thc cu to ca xit Gv: nhn xet v cng c cho hs.
cao nht ca R.
S : R l Cl ngt khi trung bnh ca R bng 35,4
,cng thc oxit cao nht ca R l Cl2O7.
4.Cng c: Trong khi luyn tp.
5. Dn d: btvn :Hy nu bn cht cc dng lin kt trong cc hp cht sau : AgCl , HBr ,
NH3 , H2O2, NH4NO3. Lm cc bi tp trong sch bi tp.

Ngy son:
Ngy ging
Tit 15
N TP HA TR V S OXI HA
I. Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc.
Hc sinh thuc:
- Ha tr ca mt nguyn t trong hp cht ion, trong hp cht cng ha tr. S oxi ha, qui tc xc
nh s oxi ho.
2. K nng.
Hc sinh rn luyn: Xc nh ng: in ha tr, Cng ha tr, S oxi ha
3. Thi .
Gio dc cho hc sinh lun c thi hc tp nghim tc, c trch nhim trong cng vic c
giao.
II. Chun b.
GV: Bng tun hon.
HS: Kin thc c c lin quan n bi hc.
III. Tin trnh dy hc.
1. n nh t chc.
2. Kim tra bi c.
- Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc ngt trong cc hp cht sau y: NaCl, CH 4, CO2, CaF2, H2O, NH3.
Cho bit hp cht no c lin kt cng ha tr? Hp cht no l hp cht ion?
3. Hot ng dy hc.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung
Hot ng 1:
I. Ha tr
GV nu quy tc
1. Ha tr trong hp cht ion(in ha tr)
HS vn dng: Xc nh in ha tr cc nguyn Trong hp cht ion, ha tr ca mt ngt bng in
t trong: Fe2O3, Al2O3, K2HPO4
tch ca ion. - Cc nguyn t kim loi thuc IA,
GV lu cch vit in ha tr ca nguyn t: IIA, IIIA c in ha tr 1+, 2+, 3+. Cc nguyn t
ghi gi tr in tch trc, du ca in tch phi kim thuc VIA, VIIA c in ha tr 2-, 1sau.
Hot ng 2:
2. Ha tr trong hp cht cng ha tr
GV nu quy tc
( cng ha tr)
GV phn tch lm mu vi NH3
Trong hp cht cng ha tr, ha tr ca mt ngt
HS vn dng: Xc nh cng ha tr cc c xc nh bng s lin kt ca ngt ngt
nguyn t trong H2O, CH4
trong phn t.
Hot ng 3:
GV t vn : S oxi ha thng c nghin
cu trong phn ng oxi ha-kh.
GV trnh by khi nim s oxi ha.

II. S oxi ha
1. Khi nim: S oxi ha ca mt ngt trong phn
t l in tch ca ngt ngt trong phn t, nu
gi nh rng lin kt gia cc ngt trong phn t l
lin kt ion.

Hot ng 4:
2. Quy tc xc nh.
GV hi: Trnh by tng quy tc xc nh s - Quy tc 1: S oxi ha ca nguyn t trong cc
oxi ha. Nu cch vit s oxi ha?
n cht bng khng.
- Quy tc 2: Trong hu ht cc h/cht. S oxi ha
ca hiro =1+ (tr hirua kim loi).
HS Nu quy tc v vn dng xc nh s oxi S oxi ha ca oxi = -2 ( tr OF2, peoxit)
ha ca nguyn t trong: H2O, MgO, Fe2O3, - Quy tc 3:
MnO2, KMnO4
+ S oxi ha ca cc ion n nguyn t bng in
tch ca ion . Trong ion a nguyn t, tng s s
oxi ha ca cc ngt bng in tch ca ion.
- Quy tc 4: Trong mt phn t, tng s s oxi ha
ca cc nguyn t bng khng.

4. Cng c luyn tp
Cng
Cng ha S oxi ha
thc
tr ca
ca
N Cng
l 3 thc N lin
0 ha
NN
S oxi ha
Cl l 1
Cl l 0tr ca
Cl Cl
ca
Na l +1
HO H
H NaCl
l 1
H l +1Na l 1+
Cl
l
1Cl l -1
O l 2
O l -2
CaCl2
Ca l 2+
Ca l +2
Cl
l
1Cl l -1
- Vn dng kin
thc hc hy x.nh in ho
tr, cng ho tr,
s oxi ho ca cc ngt trong cc
hp cht sau: (NH4)2SO4, Fe(H2PO2)2, FeSO4, HNO3, HClO, Na3PO4, K2Cr2O7.
5. Dn d Bi tp v nh
Lm cc bi tp cn li trong SGK v trong SBT ca chng.

Ngy son:
Ngy ging:
Tit 16
LUYN TP V LIN KT HA HC
I. Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc
Hc sinh nm vng:
- Lin kt ion, lin kt cng ha tr. c im cu trc v lin kt ca ba loi tinh th. Khi nim s
oxi ho, quy tc xc nh s oxi ho.
2. K nng
- Xc nh ha tr v s oxi ha ca nguyn t trong n cht v hp cht.
- Dng hiu m in phn loi mt cch tng i loi lin kt ha hc.
3. Thi .
- Hc sinh lun c thc t hc tp v rn luyn tt khi luyn tp, n tp cng nh hc bi c
nh.
II. Chun b.
- GV:
- HS: Bng tun hon nh v kin thc c c lin quan.
III. Tin trnh bi dy
1. n nh t chc
2. KT Bi c.
Vit phng trnh biu din s hnh thnh cc ion sau y t cc ngt tng ng:
Na Na+
Mg Mg2+
Al Al3+
Cl ClS S2O O2Xc nh s oxi ha ca cc ion trn.
Xc nh s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t trong: KClO3, Na2Cr2O7, NO3-, SO42-, Br 3. Bi mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung
Hot ng 1:
A Kin thc cn nm vng
GV yu cu HS so snh 3 loi lin kt : lin Bng 9: So snh lin kt ion v lin kt cng ha
kt ion, lin kt cng ha tr c cc v lin kt tr.
cng ha tr khng cc.
p dng: BT 2 / SGK 76
- V sao cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau.
- C my cch hnh thnh lin kt.
Hot ng 2:
Bng 10: So snh tinh th ion, tinh th nguyn t,
GV t chc cho HS tho lun vn th hai: tinh th phn t.
Mng tinh th.
p dng: BT 6 / SGK 76
Ly v d v tinh th ion, tinh th nguyn t, Tinh th ion: NaCl, MgO
tinh th phn t.
Tinh th nguyn t: kim cng
So snh nhit nng chy ca cc loi tinh Tinh th phn t: iot, nc , bng phin. Tinh th
th , gii thch?
ion, tinh th ngt kh nng chy, kh bay hi. Tinh
Tinh th no dn in trng thi rn.
th phn t d nng chy, d bay hi. Khng c tinh
th dn in trng thi rn. Tinh th ion dn in
- Tinh th no dn in khi nng chy, khi khi nng chy, khi ha tan trong nc.
ha tan trong nc?

Hot ng 3:
p dng: BT 7 / SGK 76
GV t chc cho HS tho lun vn th ba: in ha tr ca:
in ha tr.
- Nguyn t kim loi (IA): 1+
- Nguyn t phi kim (VIA): 2- Nguyn t phi kim (VIIA): 1Hot ng 4:
p dng: BT 8 / SGK 76
Da vo bng tun hon :
- Nguyn t c cng cng ha tr trong oxit cao
GV t chc cho HS tho lun vn th t:
nht:
Ha tr cao nht vi oxi v ha tr vi hiro
RO2
R2O5
RO3
R2O7
Si, C
P, N
S, Se
Cl, Br
- Nguyn t c cng cng ha tr trong hp cht
kh vi hiro:
RH4
RH3
RH2
RH
Si
N, P, As
S,Te
F, Cl
Hot ng 5:
p dng: BT 9 / SGK 76
1 5 2
GV t chc cho HS tho lun vn th nm:
1 7 2
H
K
Mn
O
4
3PO4
S oxi ha
Phn
t:
,
HS nu cc quy tc xc nh s oxi ha.
4 2
3 1
Hot ng 6:
C O32 N H 4
GV t chc cho HS tho lun vn th su:
- Ion:
,
m in v hiu m in.
- GV yu cu HS nhc li mi tng quan p dng: BT 3 / SGK 76
Lin kt ion: Na2O, MgO, Al2O3.
gia m in, hiu m in vi lin kt
Lk CHT c cc: SiO2, P2O5, SO3.
ha hc.
Lk CHT khng cc: Cl2O7

Hot ng 7:
Cng c tit 27:
GV t chc cho HS cng c k nng gii 2 bi p dng: BT 1,5 / SGK 76
tp trn.
4. Cng c - luyn tp.
Cng c
- Phiu hc tp.
- Bi tp 3.45, 3.56 SBT trang 26
5. Dn d Bi tp v nh.
- Xem bi Phn ng oxi ha kh.
- Bi tp: 3.46 3.50 SBT trang 26.

Ngy son:

Ngy ging:
Tit 17
PHN NG OXI HA KH

I. Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc
Hc sinh bit: - S oxi ha, s kh, cht oxi ha, cht kh v phn ng oxi ha kh l g? Mun lp
phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng oxi ha kh theo phng php thng bng electron phi tin
hnh qua my bc?
2. K nng
Cn bng nhanh chng cc PTHH ca phn ng oxi ha kh n gin theo phng php thng
bng electron.
3. Thi .
- Gio dc cho hc sinh lun c thu hc tp nghim tc, c trch nhim trong cng vic c
giao, c thc bo v mi trng, hiu c nghin cu khoa hc lun gn lin vi cuc sng v
phc v cho cuc sng.
II. Chun b.
- GV: gio n son h thng cu hi v nhng kin thc c bn ca bi.
- HS: Kin thc c v ho tr v s oxi ho v kin thc c c lin quan.
III. Tin trnh by hc
1. n nh t chc
2. Kim tra bi c
- Khi nim s oxi ha v quy tc xc nh s oxi ha.
3. Bi mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung
Hot ng 1:
I. nh ngha
GV: Yu cu hc sinh:
- Cht kh (cht b oxi ha) l cht nhng electron ( c s
- Nhc li quan nim c. Ch ra bn cht oxi ha tng)
phn ng oxi ho kh. Cht kh, cht - Cht oxi ha (cht b kh) l cht nhn electron ( c s oxi
oxi ha. Qu trnh kh, qu trnh oxi ha gim)
ha. Nu nh ngha
- Qu trnh oxi ha (s oxi ha) l qu trnh nhng electron.
- Qu trnh kh (s kh) l qu trnh nhn e.
Hot ng 2:
- Phn ng oxi ha kh l phn ng ha hc trong c s
GV: cho HS nhc li nh ngha phn ng chuyn e gia cc cht phn ng. Hay phn ng oxi ha-kh
oxi ho - kh.
l phn ng ha hc trong c s thay i s oxi ha ca
GV lu : s oxi ha v s kh l hai mt s ngt.
q/trnh tri ngc nhau, nhng din ra
ng thi trong mt ph/ng.
Hot ng 5
GV Yu cu HS nhc li nguyn tc
v cc bc cn bng phn ng theo
phng php thng bng electron.

II. Lp ph/trnh ha hc ca phn ng oxi ha - kh.

1.Nguyn tc: Tng s e do cht kh nhng ra bng tng s e
m cht oxi ha nhn vo.
2. Cc bc lp phng trnh phn ng oxi ha-kh theo
ph/php thng bng e.
a)Bc 1: Xc nh s oxi ha ca cc ngt trong phn ng tm
cht oxi ha, cht kh.
b)Bc 2: Vit qu trnh oxi ha, qu trnh kh, cn bng mi qu
trnh.
c)Bc 3: Tm h s thch hp cho cht oxi ha, cht kh sao cho
tng s e do cht kh nhng bng tng s e m cht oxi ha
nhn.
d)Bc 4: t cc h s ca cht oxi ha, cht kh vo s
phn ng, t tnh ra h s ca cc cht khc c trong ph/trnh

ha hc. Kim tra cn bng s ngt ca cc ngt v cn bng in

tch hai v hon tt vic lp ph/trnh ha hc ca ph/ng.
Hot ng 7:
III. ngha ca phn ng oxi ha-kh trong thc tin.
GV: Cho HS nhc li phn ng oxi ha- - L loi phn ng ph bin trong t nhin , c tm quan
kh c ngha trong t nhin, trong i trng trong sn xut v i sng.
sng v sn xut ha hc.
4. Cng c
1) Th no l cht kh, cht oxi ha. Th no l qu trnh kh, qu trnh oxi ha.
2) Th no l phn ng oxi ha kh. Cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ha - kh theo phng php
thng bng electron.
5. Dn d Bi tp v nh.
- HS n tp trc cc nh ngha phn ng ha hp, phn ng phn hy, phn ng th, phn ng
trao i c hc THCS.
- HS tm mt mt s phn ng thuc loi: phn ng ha hp, phn ng phn hy, phn ng th,
phn ng trao i.
- lm cc bi tp: 1>4 SGK / 82, 83
- HS chun b bi Phn loi phn ng trong ha hc v c .

Ngy son:
Ngy ging:
Tit 18. LUYN TP PHN NG OXI HO - KH
I. Mc tiu bi dy.
1. Kin thc c bn:
- Nm r c cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ho - kh. Cn bng c cc phn ng oxi ho kh
2. K nng:
- Vn dng kin thc vo vic gii quyt cc bi tp c th.
3. Thi .
- Gio dc cho cho hc sinh thc t hc t rn luyn tt hn, t to hng th hc tp cho hc
sinh gip hc sinh yu thch b mn hn.
II. Chun b.
GV: Phiu hc tp
HS: kin thc v phn ng oxi ha kh.
III. Tin trnh ln lp
1. n nh lp :
2. Kim tra bi c :
- Nu cc bc cn bng phn ng oxi ha kh phng php cn bng da trn nguyn tc
no? Cn bng phn ng xi ha kh sau theo phng php thng bng electron.
3. Bi mi :
Ni dung
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Bi 1: Cn bng cc phn ng xiha kh sau theo
GV : Trnh by phng php cn
phng php thng bng electron .
bng mt phn ng xi ha kh c
a. C + HNO3
CO2 + H2O
nhiu cht kh , cht xi ha.
b. Al + HNO3
Al(NO3)3 + NH4NO3 + H2O
GV: cho hs ln bng lm bi tp
c. KMnO4 + HCl
KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
GV : nhn mnh nhng im hs hay sai
d. Cu + H2SO4
CuSO4 + H2S + H2O
st .
e. H2SO4 + HI
I2 + H2S + H2O
GV nhn xt v cho im .
f.Zn + HNO3
Zn(NO3)2 + N2O + H2O.
Bi 2: Cn bng cc phn ng xiha kh sau theo pp
GV: cho hs ln bng lm bi tp
thng bng electron .
GV : nhn mnh nhng im hs hay sai
a. K2S +KMnO4 + H2SO4
S + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O st .
b. Cu2S + HNO3
Cu(NO3)2 + H2SO4 + N2O + H2O
GV nhn xt v cho im .
c. K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4
Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + K2SO4 +
H2O
d. Fe3O4 + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + N2 + H2O
e. Fe3O4 + CO
Fe + CO2
Bi 3: Cn bng cc phn ng xiha kh sau theo
GV: cho hs ln bng lm bi tp
phng php thng bng electron .
GV : nhn mnh nhng im hs hay sai
a. Fe3O4 + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
st .
b. FeO + HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
GV nhn xt v cho im .
c.M + H2SO4
M2(SO4)n + SO2 + H2O
Bi 4: Cho m gam Al phn ng ht vi d/dch HNO3 thu
Gv: nh hng cho hs gii bt
c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO v N2O c t khi hi GV: Trnh by phng php cn bng
so vi hidro bng 16,75 .
phn ng da vo t l s mol ca NO
a. Tnh m
v N2O.
b. Cn bng phn ng
Al + HNO3
Al(NO3)3 + NO + N2O + H2O

4. Cng c:
- Khi ho tan hon ton m gam Zn vo lng d dung dch H2SO4 thu c 3,2 gam S v
2,24 ltt kh H2S (kc) tnh m v cn bng ptp .
Zn + H2SO4
ZnSO4 + S + H2S +H2O
5. Dn d: btvn :- Lm cc bi tp trong sch bi tp.