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How To Frame A Robust Sweet Spot Via Response Surface Methods (RSM)
How To Frame A Robust Sweet Spot Via Response Surface Methods (RSM)
120.00
Tool wear:
Material rate:
X1
X2
C : V o lta g e
112.00
104.00
0.089
0.256
4.20
104.62
96.00
88.00
80.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
A: Feed rate
Strategy of Experimentation
RSM
Region of Interest
Region of Operability
Frame a Robust Sweet Spot
RSM vs OFAT
Process
Fitting*
Polynomial Model
Response Surface
All models are wrong, but some are useful. - George Box
FCD
*(RSM Simplified: Optimizing Processes Using Response Surface Methods for Design of Experiments,
Mark J. Anderson & Patrick J. Whitcomb, Productivity Press, NY, NY (2007) Chapter 10, pp: 224228.)
Frame a Robust Sweet Spot
Wing Weight
600
500
400
300
200
100
5.00
4.50
4.00
A: Aspect
3.50
3.00
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
C: Thickness
100.00
95.00
C : P ow er
UPKs: 1.000
90.00
85.00
Taste: 70.000
80.00
75.00
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
B: Time
UPKs
100.00
100.00
40
0.6
45
0.8
50
95.00
95.00
55
75
C: Power
C: Power
60
90.00
65
85.00
1.2
90.00
1.4
1.6
85.00
70
1.8
2
2.2
80.00
2.4
80.00
2.6
2.8
3
75
75.00
4.00
4.50
5.00
B: Time
5.50
75.00
6.00
3.2
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
B: Time
10
C : P ow er
This is the
sweet spot
for making
popcorn.
Overlay Plot
100.00
Taste:
UPKs:
X1
X2
95.00
76.956
0.803
4.09
98.85
UPKs: 1.000
90.00
85.00
Taste: 70.000
80.00
75.00
4.00
4.50
5.00
B: Time
5.50
6.00
11
13
1750.00
B: Pressure
2000.00
1500.00
1250.00
1000.00
3000.00
3250.00
3500.00
3750.00
4000.00
A: Temperature
*(How many test points will be needed is an issue of power, which goes beyond the
scope of this talk. For details on design-sizing for RSM, see the Sept. 08 Stat-Teaser.)
Frame a Robust Sweet Spot
14
Results
The following response surfaces were generated via re-simulation from
predictive equations provided in coded form by the experimenters. The
graphs closely resemble the published results for the key measures of
dynamic pressure (Q) and total sensible enthalpy (Hts).
2200
2000
1800
1400
1000
1200
900
1000
800
700
2000.00
4000.00
1750.00
3750.00
1500.00
B: Pressure
3500.00
1250.00
3250.00
1000.00
3000.00
Hts
1600
600
500
400
A: Temperature
2000.00
4000.00
1750.00
3750.00
1500.00
B: Pressure
Frame a Robust Sweet Spot
3500.00
1250.00
3250.00
1000.00
3000.00
A: Temperature
15
2000.00
B: Pressure
1750.00
2
1500.00
Q: 1600
Hts: 650
1250.00
Hts: 750
Q: 1400
1000.00
3000.00
3250.00
3500.00
A: Temperature
3750.00
4000.00
16
B : P ressure
To be more conservative
(robust) in framing the
sweet spot, superimpose
the confidence intervals
(CI) a function of the
underlying standard
deviation (provided by
the original publication)
and the power of the
experiment design
(stronger in our resimulation). The flag in
the center might mark a
good place to operate!
Frame a Robust Sweet Spot
Overlay Plot
1500.00
Q: 1600.000
Q CI: 1600.000
1400.00
Q:
Hts:
X1
X2
1300.00
1495.473
698.972
3522.70
1300.97
Hts: 650.000
Hts: 750.000
Q CI: 1400.000
Q: 1400.000
1200.00
1100.00
3375.00
3450.00
3525.00
3600.00
3675.00
A: Temperature
17
Conclusion
Via application of response surface methods (RSM)
experimenters in the field of test and evaluation
can frame an operating window (aka sweet spot
or design space). To be more conservative
(robust), shade out the regions that fall within the
confidence intervals of the boundary lines.
18
19