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‫احكام التجؤيد‬
‫ ترقيق او تفخيم‬: ‫احكام‬

The ‫(صفة‬quality) of Arabic letters can vary depending on their context so that some of
them are read with a full mouth and thick (‫ ) تفخيم‬whereas others are read with an empty
mouth and thin (‫) ترقيق‬.

‫( تفخيم‬To read thick)

 The following letters are read with ‫ تفخيم‬under all circumstances and are known as
‫حروف االطباق‬:
‫ص ض ظ ط‬

 These are supplemented by the following three letters which are only read with
‫ تفخيم‬if they posses a fatha, dhamma or sukoon. Like all letters, excepting the
above-mentioned ‫ حروف االطباق‬these letters will become ‫ ترقيق‬should they be
maksoor (possess kasra):
‫غ خ ق‬

These seven letters with the quality of ‫ تفخيم‬are known in totality as ‫( حروف االسطعالء‬the
letters of heaviness).

These letters can be remembered using the simple acronym ‫خص ضغط قظ‬.

‫( ترقيق‬To read thin)

The remaining 20 letters of the alphabet are read with ‫ ترقيق‬excepting the letter alif

 Alif (‫ ) ا‬will be read thick / thin depending on which letter comes before it:

‫الف‬

‫حروف االسطعالء‬ All of the remaining letters

‫ترقيق‬ ‫تفخيم‬ e.g. ‫ خ ا‬is read thick

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8133

Types of ‫( ادغام‬assimilation)

‫ادغام‬

‫متجانس‬ ‫متقارب‬ ‫متماثل‬

‫ مخرج‬is same ‫ مخرج‬is similar ‫ مخرج‬is same)same letter)
‫ صفة‬is different ‫ صفة‬is similar ‫ صفة‬is the same in origin

E.g. ‫وجد تم‬ E.g. ‫بل رفعه‬ E.g. ‫ربحت تجارتهم‬

‫اذظلمو‬ ‫الم نخلقكم‬ ‫اضرب بعصاك‬

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