COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER 2 2014 / 2015

SOLUTION
PROGRAMME

: B. Eng. Electrical & Electronics (Honours)

B. Eng. Electrical Power (Honours)
B. Eng. Mechanical (Honours)

SUBJECT CODE

: EEEB113

SUBJECT

: Circuit Analysis I

DATE

TIME

: (3 hours)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1.

This paper contains FIVE (5) questions and solutions in SIXTEEN (16) pages.

2.

Answer ALL questions.

3.

Write ALL answers in the answer booklet provided.

4.

Write the answers to each question on a new page.

5.

ALL steps and diagrams must be shown clearly in your answers.

6.

A sheet of useful formula is included at the end of this paper as an Appendix on Page 16.

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 16 PRINTED PAGES INCLUDING THIS COVER

PAGE.
Page 1 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 1 2013/2014

QUESTION 1: [20 marks]

(a) In the circuit shown in Figure 1 a, calculate the following:

i)

Current, i

[ 5 marks ]

ii)

Power absorbed by the 6 resistor

[ 2 marks ]

Figure 1a
(b) Determine the equivalent resistance (using wye delta conversion method) measured between terminal a
and b for combination of resistors in Figure 1b.

(c)

Figure 1b

Solution:
a)

Page 2 of 22

[ 13 marks ]

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

1. Combine the series connection 10 and 2 resistors into an equivalent 12 resistor

[1 marks]
2. Obtain the equivalent parallel connection of 12 and 6 resistors into 4 resistor.
[2 marks]

3. Apply voltage division across 4 resistor equivalent to 2.5V

[1 marks]
4. Obtain current through 6 resistor equal to 0.4167 A
[1 marks]
5. The current 0.4167 A is flowing from the 5 V source into 6 resistor. Therefore, 6 resistor is
consuming power
[2 marks]
2
= = =

P = 1.042 W
2

(d) In this circuit there are two networks and one Y network. Transforming just one of this will
simplify the circuit. If we convert the Y network consists of 40, 20 and 10.
R1= 40, R2= 20 and R3= 10

Page 3 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

6. Conversion to delta consists of Ra, Rb and Rc

[6 marks]
12 + 23 + 31
1400
=
= 35
1
40
12 + 23 + 31
1400
=
=
= 70
2
20
12 + 23 + 31
1400
=
=
= 140
3
10
=

7. Parallel connection between 15//140 ohms and 35//8 ohms

[4 marks]
For 15//140
1
1
1
=
+

15 140
=

2100
= 13.55
155

For 35//8
1
1
1
=
+

35 8
=

280
= 6.51
43

Page 4 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

8. Combination of series connection 13.55 and 6.51 into equivalent resistance.

[1 mark]
20.06
9. Obtaining final value of equivalent resistance
[2 marks]
15.59

Page 5 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

QUESTION 2: [20 marks]

(a) Determine all the node voltages in the circuit of Figure 2a using NODAL Analysis.
[ 10 marks ]

Figure 2a

(b) Referring to Figure 2b, apply MESH Analysis to solve for:

i)

Current i1, i2 and i3

ii)

Then, calculate the branch current IA

[ 7 marks ]

Figure 2b
2a. Determine all the node voltages in the circuit of Figure 2a using NODAL Analysis.

Page 6 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

Solution:

KCL at supernode

2 i1 i 2 i3 V 0 0
v1 (v1 v3)
2
v 2 v0 0
6
1

1 mark

But v0 v1 v3
Therefore, v1 6v2 12 (1)

1 mark
1 mark

1 mark

KVL around the SN

v1 2 I 0 V 2 0

1 mark

v3
2
v1 v 2 v3 (2)

I0
KCL at node 3

1v0 I 0 i4 i3 0
v3 (v3 9) (v1 v3) 0
(v1 v3)

2
2
1
2v3 9
v3 4.5V
Page 7 of 22

1 mark
1 mark

1 mark

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

Solving for v1 and v2

V1=-2.14V

V2=2.365V

1 mark

1 mark

2b. Apply MESH Analysis to solve for i1, i2 and i3 in the circuit shown in Figure 2b.

Figure 2b
Solution:
From mesh 3: i3 3 A
KVL in Mesh 1

2 mark
20i1 i2 10i1 30i1 i3 40
6i1 2i2 9 4
6i1 2i2 5 (1)

KVL in Mesh 2

2 mark

20i2 i1 40i2 30i2 i3 20

2i1 9i2 9 2

2 mark

2i1 9i2 7 (1)

Solving for i1 and i2

i1 1.18 A
i2 1.04 A
Calculate IA

I A i1 i3
I A 1.18 (3)
I A 1.82 A

Page 8 of 22

2 mark

2 mark

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

QUESTION 3: [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit shown in Figure 3a :
i)

Determine the Thevenin equivalent circuit at terminals a-b

[ 9 marks ]

(NOTE: YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO USE NORTONS THEOREM)

ii)

Calculate the maximum power dissipation Pmax in the load resistor RL

[ 4 marks ]

Figure 3a

(b) Determine voltage, in the circuit shown in Figure 3b by using SUPERPOSITION theorem.
[7 marks]

Figure 3b

Page 9 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

Solution:
To find RTH, turn off independent source (19 V s/c) and introduce 1V voltage source between
terminal a-b.

[1 mark]

RTH =VO/iO = 1/ iO
Apply mesh analysis to determine io
KVL @Mesh 1
-3Vx +6 i1 + 5 (i1-i2)=0
Vx= 12 (i2-i3)
11 i1- 41 i2+ 36i3= 0

..(1)

KVL@Mesh 2
5 (i2-i1) + 1 +12 (i2-i3) = 0
5i1-17i2+12i3=1

..(2)

KVL@Mesh 3
12(i3-i2) +4i3=0
12i2-16i3 = 0

..(3)

i2= - 0.6111 A hence io = 0.6111 A (Kak Zai kira 0.7778)

[2 mark]

Page 10 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

RTH = 1/0.6111 = 1.636 (Kak Zai kira 1.2857)

[1 mark]

VTH is the o/c voltage at terminal.

[1 mark]

Using Voltage Divider Rule to solve for VTH = Va Vb

=
=

5
15
3 =

5+6
11

12
19 = 14.25
12 + 4
[1 mark]

Va = 19.43 V
[1 mark]
VTH = 19.43-14.25 = 5.18 V

[1 mark]

1.636
5.18 V

Page 11 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

[1 mark]

(i)

Calculate the maximum power dissipation Pmax in the load resistor RL.

[4 marks]

For maximum power transfer, RL = RTH = 1.636

[1 mark]

Pmax = VTH/ 4RTH

[1 marks]

Pmax = 5.18/ (4 x 1.636)

[1 mark]

Pmax = 4.1 W

[1 mark]

(a) Determine voltage, in the circuit shown in Figure 3b by using SUPERPOSITION theorem.
[7 marks]

Figure 3b

Turn off 12.5 A source (o/c) and 50 V source (s/c), using VDR:

[1 mark]

4|| 8= 2.667
V1= [2.667/(1+2+2.667) ]x 100 V= 47.06 V

[1 mark]

Turn off 100 V source and 50 V source (s/c) , using CDR and Ohms Law :
[1 mark]
4|| 8= 2.667
i2.667= [2/(2+3.667)] x 12.5 A = 4.412 A

Page 12 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

V2= 2.667x 4.412 = 11.765 V

[1 mark]

Turn off 100 V source (s/c) and 12.5 A source (o/c) , using VDR:
[1 mark]
3|| 4= 1.714
V3= [1.714/(8+1.714) ]x -50 V= -8.824 V

Vo = V1+V2+V3 = 47.06+11.77-8.82 = 50.00 V

Page 13 of 22

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

QUESTION 4: [20 marks]

(a)

For the circuit given in Figure 4a, consider ideal op-amps; determine output voltage Vo.
[6 marks]

Figure 4a

Solution:
Op-amp A is summing amplifier:
V V
V
VoA 1 2 3 R f
R1 R2 R3

2
3
1

80k = -10 V
10k 20k 40k

[2 marks]
Op-amp B is voltage follower:
VoB Vi = 1 V

[1 mark]
Op-amp C is inverting amplifier:
Rf1
60k
VoB
VoC
1 -6 V
R
10
k

[1 mark]
Op-amp D is difference amplifier (subtractor):

VoD VoC VoA = 6 + 10 = 4 V

Page 14 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

[2 marks]

(b)

The circuit shown in Figure 4b is a current amplifier in which the output current is proportional
to input current based on equation 1:
io = A is

Eq. 1

where io is the output current, A is the current gain and is is the input current.

Figure 4b

(i)

If the design of this converter aims to achieve an output current io of 6 A, determine the
correct input current is that needs to be supplied given that the resistor values are
R1 = 3 k, R2 = 8 k, R3 = 2 k, and R4 = 1 k.
[8 marks]

Solution:
Assume ideal:
1) I1 = I2 = 0 A
2) V1 = V2 = 1000io
[1 mark]
3) Apply KCL at V1,
is = I1 + I3 + I4
is = 0 + (V1 0)/3k + (V1 Vo)/8k
is = 0.3333mV1 + 0.125mV1 0.125mVo
is = 0.4583mV1 0.125mVo

Page 15 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

is = (0.4583m x 1000io) 0.125mVo

is = 0.4583io 0.125mVo

...Eq. A
[3 marks]

4) Apply KCL at V2,

I5 = io
(Vo V2)/2k = io
Vo V2 = 2000io
Vo 1000io = 2000io
Vo = 3000io

...Eq. B
[2 marks]

5) Subs. Eq. B into Eq. A,

is = 0.4583io 0.125m (3000io)
is = 0.4583io 0.375io
is = 0.0833io
io = 12 is
[1 mark]
Given io = 6 A,
6 = 12 is
is = 0.5 A
[1 mark]

(ii)

Analyse what happens to the current gain A if resistors are set such R1 = 1 k, R2 = 6 k,
R3 = 5 k, and R4 = 1 k, instead of the values given in (i).

[6 marks]

Solution:
From (i), A = io / is = 12
[1 mark]
When R1 = 1 k, R2 = 6 k, R3 = 5 k, and R4 = 1 k,
1) Apply KCL at V1,
is = 0 + (V1 0)/1k + (V1 Vo)/6k
is = 1mV1 + 0.1667mV1 0.1667mVo
is = 1.167mV1 0.1667mVo
is = (1.167m x 1000io) 0.1667mVo

Page 16 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

is = 1.167io 0.1667mVo

...Eq. A
[2 marks]

2) Apply KCL at V2,

I5 = io
(Vo V2)/5k = io
Vo V2 = 5000 io
Vo 1000 io = 5000 io
Vo = 6000 io

...Eq. B
[1 mark]

3) Subs. Eq. B into Eq. A,

is = 1.167 io 0.1667m (6000 io)
is = 1.167 io 1 io
is = 0.1667 io
io = 6 is
[1 mark]
Magnitude of current gain A decreases by half (from 12 to 6).
[1 mark]

Page 17 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

QUESTION 5: [20 marks]

(a) For the circuit shown in Figure 5a, SWITCH Y was closed at t<0 and is opened at t=0. SWITCH
X was opened at t<0 and is closed at t = 0. Determine i(t) for t > 0.
[5 marks]

Figure 5a
Solution:
t < 0-

10

(0) = 10 = 1 A

[1 mark]

t > 0+

Req = 5||5 = 2.5

[1 mark]

[0.5 mark]

=2s

[0.5 mark]

() =

() = () + [(0) ()] /
= 6 5 /2

Page 18 of 22

[1 mark]

[0.5 mark]
[0.5 mark]

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

(b) Consider the circuit shown in Figure 5b. Switch X is in position A for a long time and Switch Y is
opened. At t = 0, Switch X is moved from position A to position B and Switch Y is closed. Find i(t)
for t > 0.
[15 marks]

Figure 5b
Solution:
(i)
t<0

(0) = 1

[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(0) = 0

[1 mark]

t > 0+

[1 mark]

= 2 /

[1 mark]

= 2 = 0.25 /

[1 mark]

< , underdamped [1 mark]

Page 19 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

= 0 2 2 = 1.984 [1 mark]
() = (1 + 2 ) A

[1 mark]

() = 0.25 (1 1.984 + 2 1.984)

()

= 0.25 0.25 (1 1.984 + 2 1.984) + 0.25 (1.984)(1 1.984 +

2 1.984)

[1 mark]
()

= [(0) + (0)]

(0)

= 0.5

[ 1 mark ]
[ 1 mark ]

Solve for A1 and A2:

For t = 0,
(0) = 1 = 1
(0)

[ 1 mark ]

= 0.5 = 0.25(1 + 0) + 1.984(0 + 2 )

2 = -0.126

() = 0.25 (1.984 0.1261.984)

-END OF QUESTION PAPER-

Page 20 of 22

[ 1 mark]
[1 mark]

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

APPENDIX: USEFUL FORMULA

DC CIRCUITS
Wye-Delta Transformations:
1 =

+ +

1 2 + 1 3 + 2 3
1

2 =

+ +

1 2 + 1 3 + 2 3
2

3 =

+ +

1 2 + 1 3 + 2 3
3

1st order RL or RC circuits:

Source-free response: () = (0) /
Step response: () = () + [(0) ()] /
2nd order, RLC circuits:
Series RLC:

= 2

= 1

Parallel RLC:

= 1(2) ,

= 1

When ( > o) then circuit response is an overdamped response:

Source-free response : () = 1 1 + 2 2
Step response
: () = + 1 1 + 2 2
When ( = o) then circuit response is a critically damped response:
Source-free response : () = (1 + 2 )
Step response
: () = + (1 + 2 )
When ( < o) then circuit response is an underdamped response:
Source-free response : () = (1 cos + 2 sin )
Step response
: () = + (1 cos + 2 sin )

where

1,2 = 2 2
= 2 2
Page 21 of 22

EEEB113, Semester 2 2014/2015

SUPPORTING MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

Derivatives:
If = (), = (), and = ,

() =

() =
+

( ) = 1

( ) =

(sin ) = cos

(cos ) = sin

Indefinite Integrals:
If = (), = (), and = ,
= +
+1
=
+,
+1

1
+

1
sin = cos +

cos =

1
sin +

Page 22 of 22