ME-1011 Engineering Graphics

Sections [Part - 2]

Abdul Wahab
Lecturer
Email: abdul.wahab@jinnah.edu.pk

Sectional View Types

Following are the different types of sections
Full Section (Previous Lecture)
Half Section
Broken-out Section
Revolved Section
Removed Section (Detailed and Aligned)
Offset Section
Assembly Section
Auxiliary Section

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Full Section
A full section view is made by passing the imaginary cutting plane
completely through an object.

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Half Section
Half sections are created by passing an imaginary cutting plane only
halfway through an object.
Cutting plane line bend around 90

Half sections views are used most often on parts that

are symmetrical, such as cylinders.
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Broken-Out Section
A broken-out section is used when only a portion of the object needs to be
sectioned.
They are some time used instead of half section to save time.
A break line is drawn freehand.
No CP line is drawn.

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Revolved Section
A revolved section is made by revolving the cross-section view 90
degrees about an axis of revolution and superimposing the section
view on the orthographic view.

When the revolved view is superimposed on the part, the original

lines of the part behind the section are deleted.
The cross-section is drawn true shape and size.

The axis of revolution is shown on the revolved view as a

centerline.
Revolved sections are useful for describing a cross-section w/o
having to draw another view.

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Revolved Section (Illustration)

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Removed Section Area Section

Removed sections are used to show the contours of complicated
shapes, such as wings and fuselage of an airplane, blades for jet
engines or power plant turbines etc.
They are often used when there is not much room for revolved sections.
The removed section view is then labeled, such as SECTION A-A

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Removed Section (Contd)

Multiple removed section views of a connecting rod identified with
labels

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Detail View
Removed section can also be drawn to a larger scale for better
representation of the details of the cross-section and for
dimensioning.

The scale used for the removed section view is labeled beneath
the view.

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Aligning Removed Section View

Sometimes removed sections are placed on center lines adjacent to
the axis of revolution.

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Offset Section
Offset sectional views are used in cases where the sections to be
shown do not lie in a straight line.
The CP is bent (more than once), to show a number of sectional
views as one view.
The offset section are used for complicated parts that cannot be
sectioned by a single straight CP line.

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Offset Section

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Assembly Section
Assembly sections are typically orthographic, pictorial, full or half
section views of parts as assembled.
Standard parts not sectioned

Leonardo da Vinci was one of the first to create assembly section,

using them to illustrate pictorially the complex machine designs as
he developed.
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Assembly Section (Examples)

Injection mold assembly

Hatching pattern different

for different parts

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Auxiliary Section
Auxiliary section can be a full or partial section.
They follow the same convention as other types of sections.

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Aligned Section
Aligned sections are special types of orthographic drawings used
to revolve or align special features of parts, to clarify them or make
them easier to represent in section.

The principles of orthographic projection are violated in order to

more clearly represent the features of the object.

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Aligned Section (Contd)

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Conventional Breaks
Conventional breaks are used to
shorten elongated part.
This allows to draw a part at larger
scale.

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Thank you

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