Cac Giai Phap Day Manh Hoat Dong Xuat Nhap Khau Bang Duong Hang Khong Tai Cong Ty Co Phan Giao Nhan Va Van Chuyen Indo Tran

B TI CHNH
TRNG I HC TI CHNH MARKETING

KHOA THNG MI
..
0.
SVTH: TRN THN T UYN

LP: LTDHK7TM1
CHUYN TT NGHIP
ti:
CC GII PHP Y MNH HOT NG XUT
NHP KHU BNG NG HNG KHNG TI
CNG TY C PHN GIAO NHN V VN CHUYN
INDO TRN
GIO VIN HNG DN: H C SN

CHUYN NGNH: THNG MI QUC T
Tp. H ch Minh, thng 05 nm 2013.
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
LI CM N
Trong sut thi gian hc tp, rn luyn, nghin cu v lm vic, em nhn
c s ging dy tn tm ca cc thy c ti Trng i hc Ti chnh-Marketing v
hng dn nghip v thc t nhit tnh ca cc anh ch ti Cng ty C phn giao nhn &
vn chuyn Indo-Trn.
Nhn dp hon thnh bo co thc tp tt nghip em xin c by t lng bit n
su sc v li cm n chn thnh ti:
Ths. H c Sn, ngi trc tip hng dn v to mi iu kin thun li
gip em hon thnh bo co thc tp ny.
Ban gim c cng Cc anh ch trong cc phng ban ti Cng ty c phn giao
nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn nhit tnh gip v cung cp cc s liu cn thit
cho em trong sut qu trnh thc tp ti cng ty.
V cui cng, em xin knh chc Ban gim hiu, khoa Thng mi v tt c cc
Thy C trong trng i hc ti chnh Marketing sc khe di do, ngy cng thnh
cng trong s nghip ging dy, Cng ty Indo Trn ngy mt pht trin mnh hn.
Do thi gian c hn, nn bi bo co ca em cn nhiu thiu st. Rt mong s
ng gp ca qu Thy C bo co ca em c tt hn
Sinh vin thc hin
Trn Th T Uyn
SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN
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Tp. H ch Minh, ngy .. thng . nm 2013
GVHD
Ths. H c Sn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
NHN XT CA N VN THC TP
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Tp. H ch Minh, ngy .. thng . nm 2013
Ngi hng dn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
DANH MC CC BNG S DNG

Bng 1.1: T l xut khNu bng ng hng khng t nm 2008-2012
Bng 2.1: Doanh thu ca Cng ty t nm 2008-2012
Bng 2.2: Tc tng trng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
Bng 2.3: C cu dch v hng ha
Bng 2.4: C cu th trng giao nhn
Bng 2.5: C cu ngnh hng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
Bng 2.6: T trng cc dch v giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
DANH SCH CC THN, S , HNH V
S 2.1: C cu nhn s ca Cng ty ti TP. H Ch Minh

S 2.2: Quy trnh xut hng bng ng hng khng
S 2.3: Quy trnh nhp hng bng ng hng khng
th 2.1: Doanh thu ca Cng ty t 2008-2012
th 2.2: Tc tng trng ca Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
th 2.3: C cu dch v hng ha
th 2.4: C cu th trng giao nhn
th 2.5: C cu ngnh hng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
th 2.6: T trng cc dch v giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
Hnh 2.1: Thng tin hng nhp trn webside TCS ca i l Indo Trn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
MC LC
LI M U ................................................................................................................ 1
CHNG 1.................................................................................................................... 4
C S L LUN V DNCH V GIAO NHN HNG HA XUT NHP KHU
BNG NG HNG KHNG ................................................................................. 4
1.1
Khi nim chung v giao nhn ......................................................................... 4
1.1.1
Nghip v giao nhn, ngi giao nhn ...................................................... 4
1.1.1.1 Nghip v giao nhn:................................................................................ 4

1.1.1.2 Ngi giao nhn ....................................................................................... 5
1.1.2
Phn loi giao nhn .................................................................................... 6
1.1.2.1 Theo phm vi hot ng ............................................................................ 6

1.1.2.2 Theo phng thc vn ti ......................................................................... 6
1.1.3
1.2
Vai tr ca giao nhn.................................................................................. 8
Tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng ti Vit Nam ............................................... 9
1.2.1
Khi qut v tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay ............................ 9
1.2.1.1 Khi qut v giao nhn giao nhn hng khng ......................................... 9
1.2.1.2 c im ca vn ti hng khng ........................................................... 10
1.2.1.3 C s vt cht k thut ca vn ti hng khng ........................................ 10
1.2.1.4 Tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay .............................................. 11
1.2.2
Vai tr ca giao nhn hng khng ........................................................... 16
1.2.3
Cc nhn t nh hng n giao nhn hng khng ................................ 17
1.2.4
S cn thit phi y mnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay .................. 20
KT LUN CHNG 1............................................................................................. 22

CHNG 2.................................................................................................................. 23
THC TRNG DNCH V GIAO NHN HNG HA XUT NHP KHU BNG
NG HNG KHNG TI CNG TY C PHN GIAO NHN & VN
CHUYN INDO TRN .............................................................................................. 23
2.1 Gii thiu khi qut v Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo Trn 23
2.1.1 Gii thiu v loi hnh v quy m hot ng ca Cng ty............................. 23
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.1.2 Qa trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ............................................................... 23

2.1.3 Chc nng v nhim v................................................................................. 25
2.1.4 C cu t chc ca Cng ty........................................................................... 26
2.1.5 Mi trng lm vic, c s vt cht k thut ................................................ 27
2.1.6 Cc lnh vc hot ng ch yu ca Cng ty ................................................ 28
2.1.7 Khi qut kt qu hot ng kinh doanh ca Cng ty t nm 2008 n nm
2012 ........................................................................................................................ 30
2.2 Thc trng dch v giao nhn hng ha xut nhp kh1u bng ng hng
khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo Trn. ........................... 33
2.2.1 Quy trnh giao nhn hng khng .................................................................. 33
2.2.1.1 i vi hng xut kh u ............................................................................ 33
2.2.1.1.1 Nhn booking t khch hng ................................................................. 33
2.2.1.2 i vi hng nhp kh u ........................................................................... 43
2.2.2 Thc trng kinh doanh giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao
nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn .............................................................................. 55
2.2.2.1 Tc tng trng ................................................................................. 56
2.2.2.2 C cu dch v hng ha ........................................................................ 57
2.2.2.3 Th trng giao nhn .............................................................................. 60
2.2.2.4 C cu ngnh hng ................................................................................. 62
2.2.2.5 Cc dch v trong giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty.............................. 63
2.2.3 nh gi thc trng giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn
v vn chuyn Indo Trn ....................................................................................... 65
KT LUN CHNG 2............................................................................................. 68
CHNG 3.................................................................................................................. 69
GII PHP Y MNH KINH DOANH DNCH V GIAO NHN HNG HA
XUT NHP KHU BNG NG HNG KHNG TI CNG TY C PHN
GIAO NHN & VN CHUYN INDO TRN ......................................................... 69
3.1 C s, quan im xut gii php................................................................... 69
3.1.1 C s xut gii php ................................................................................. 69
3.1.1.1 C s vt cht .......................................................................................... 69
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
3.1.1.2 Ngun nhn lc ........................................................................................ 70

3.1.1.3 H thng thng tin v qun l................................................................... 70
3.1.1.4 Ga thnh ................................................................................................. 70
3.1.1.5 Th trng hng ha................................................................................. 71
3.1.1.6 Ngun vn ................................................................................................ 71
3.1.2 Quan im khi xut gii php................................................................... 72
3.1.2.1 C s vt cht .......................................................................................... 72
3.1.2.2 Ngun nhn lc ........................................................................................ 72
3.1.2.3 H thng thng tin v qun l................................................................... 73
3.1.2.4 Gi thnh ................................................................................................. 73
3.1.2.5 Th trng hng ha................................................................................. 74
3.1.2.6 Ngun vn ................................................................................................ 74
3.2 Cc gii php ...................................................................................................... 74
3.2.1 Gii php nng cp c s vt cht ................................................................. 74
3.2.1.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 74
3.2.1.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 75
3.2.1.3 D on kt qu ....................................................................................... 76
3.2.2 Gii php pht trin ngun nhn lc ............................................................ 76
3.2.2.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 76
3.2.2.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 76
3.2.2.3 D on kt qu ....................................................................................... 77
3.2.3 Gii php nng cp h thng thng tin v qun l ....................................... 78
3.2.3.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 78
3.2.3.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 78
3.2.3.3 D on kt qu ....................................................................................... 79
3.2.4 Gii php ci thin gi thnh ........................................................................ 80
3.2.4.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 80
3.2.4.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 80
3.2.4.3 D on kt qu ....................................................................................... 81
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
3.2.5 M rng th trng hng ha........................................................................ 81

3.2.5.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 81
3.2.5.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 81
3.2.5 D on kt qu ........................................................................................... 82
3.2.6 Gii php v ngun vn ................................................................................. 82
3.2.6.1 Mc tiu gii php ................................................................................... 82
3.2.6.2 Cch thc thc hin ................................................................................. 83
3.2.6.3 D on kt qu ....................................................................................... 83
3.3 Kin ngh ............................................................................................................. 84
3.3.1 Hon thin lut php v chnh sch.............................................................. 84
3.3.2 u t, nng cp c s h tng phc v cng tc giao nhn ....................... 84
3.3.3 Hon thin chnh sch thu, tn dng ........................................................... 85
LI KT ...................................................................................................................... 87
TI LIU THAM KHO ........................................................................................... 89
PH LC ..................................................................................................................... 90
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
LI M U
ngha v tnh cp thit ca ti
Trong nhng nm tr li , ngnh hng khng chim mt v tr quan trng trong
nn kinh t ca Vit Nam. N gip cho qu trnh lu thng hng ha trong nc
v lin kt trn ton Th gii c thc hin mt cch lu lot. Bn cnh , n
cng gip cho qu trnh bun bn gia cc thng nhn trn th gii c thun
tin hn. Cng vi s pht trin kinh t ca Th gii, Vit Nam ang trn con
ng hi nhp vo nn kinh t ny nn kinh t ca Chng ta ngy mt pht
trin hn.
Trong qu trnh pht trin ny, hng lot Cng ty giao nhn vn ti ra i, p ng
nhu cu tt yu ca th trng.
Ngoi ra, trong ngnh vn ti c nhiu phng thc vn ti khc nhau. Nhng ph
bin nht vn l vn chuyn hng ha bng ng hng khng.V phng thc
ny m bo hng ha c vn chuyn nhanh, an ton
Trc tm quan trng ca khu giao nhn trong hot ng xut nhp khNu . Trong
thi gian thc tp ti cng ty Indo Trn em la chn ti: Cc gii php Ny
mnh hot ng xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao
nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn. Cng vi nhng l thuyt hc trng v
nhng kin thc tip thu t thc t c em vn dng m t li qu trnh
giao nhn hng xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng ca cng ty.
Mc tiu ti
Tm hiu v tnh hnh xut nhp khNu hng ha bng ng hng khng ti Cng
ty Indo Trn ni ring nhm a ra nhng gii php hon thin, gp phn nng
cao v th ca cng ty trn th trng.
i tng v phm vi nghin cu
Cng ty c phn giai nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Phng php nghin cu

Da trn c s l lun v Logistics kt hp vi tnh hnh thc t thc tp ti
Cng ty Indo Trn, em tm hiu thc trng, th tc v nghip v giao nhn hng
xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng ti cng ty v a ra gii php nng
cao hiu qu hot ng.
phn tch ti em s dng mt s phng php sau:
- Thng k m t: S dng s liu cc nm 2008-2012, thng k v phn tch v
tnh hnh ti chnh, tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty nh gi, nhn
xt qu trnh hot ng cng nh hiu qu ca hot ng kinh doanh ti cng ty.
- Phn tch tng hp: Phn tch thc trng v quy trnh giao nhn hng ha bng
ng bin ti cng ty, t a ra cc u im, nhc im ca dch v ti cng
ty v a ra cc phng php ci thin tnh hnh cho hot ng ca cng ty
trong tng lai
Gii thiu s b v b cc ti
Ni dung ti gm 3 chng:
Chng 1: C s l lun v dch v giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng
ng hng khng ti Cng ty Indo Trn
-
Nu nh ngha v hot ng giao nhn, c s php l, nguyn tc giao

nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng
Nu ln tnh hnh giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng hng
khng hin nay v s cn thit phi Ny mnh giao nhn hng khng hin
nay.
Chng 2: Thc trng dch v giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng
hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn
-
Tm hiu v quy trnh hng xut v hng nhp bng ng hng khng
Thc trng kinh doanh giao nhn ti Cng ty Indo Trn
nh gi thc trng kinh doanh ti Cng ty
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Chng 3: Gii php Ny mnh kinh doanh dch v xut nhp khNu bng ng
hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn v vn chuyn Indo Trn
-
C s, quan im ra cc gii php
a ra cc gii php
Cc kin ngh i vi Nh nc
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
CHNG 1
C S L LUN V DNCH V GIAO NHN HNG HA XUT
NHP KHU BNG NG HNG KHNG
1.1 Khi nim chung v giao nhn

1.1.1 Nghip v giao nhn, ngi giao nhn
1.1.1.1Nghip v giao nhn:
Trong qu trnh pht trin ca nn kinh t, vic vn chuyn hng ha gia cc ni
trong mt quc gia hay t quc gia ny n quc gia khc ang ngy cng c ch
trng. H quan tm lm sao hng ha c vn chuyn mt cch nhanh chng, an ton
t ngi bn, c th qua trung gian ri n ngi mua hng cui cng. cho qu trnh
vn chuyn ny c tin hnh xuyn sut, ta cn thc hin nhiu cng vic c lin
kt vi nhau to nn mt s vn chuyn hon chnh nh: nhn thng tin t khch
hng, t booking, a hng ra cng/ sn bay, lm th tc Hi quan, t chc bc/d hng,
giao hng cho ngi nhn ti ni nTt c cc cng vic ny c gi chung l
nghip v giao nhn Fowarding.
Theo Lut thng mi Vit Nam, dch v giao nhn c nh ngha nh sau:
Dch v giao nhn hng ha l hnh vi thng mi, theo ngi lm
dch v giao nhn hng ha nhn hng t ngi gi, t chc vn chuyn, lu
kho, lu bi, lm cc th tc giy t v cc dch v khc c lin quan giao
hng cho ngi nhn theo s y thc ca ch hng, ca ngi vn ti hoc ngi
lm dch v giao nhn khc ( gi chung l khch hng) iu 136 Lut thng
mi Vit Nam (14/06/2005)
Tm li, hiu theo mt cch n gin giao nhn hng ha l qu trnh bao
gm cc th tc xut, nhp khNu l hng, vn chuyn v giao hng cho khch ca
nhng ngi lm nhim v logistics. Nhng ngi ny c vai tr rt quan trng
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
trong vic kt ni cho qu trnh logistics c tin hnh thun tin t ngi gi
hng n ngi nhn hng cui cng.
Theo , dch v giao nhn v dch v logistics c lin quan cht ch v b sung
cho nhau cng pht trin. Dch v giao nhn l mt phn khng th thiu trong dch v
logistics, gp phn thc Ny cho dch v logistics ngy mt pht trin hn. Nn theo 2
nh ngha di y ta c th phn no hiu thm v dch v logistics:
Theo PGS.TS on Th Hng Vn trong cun Qun tr Logistics: Logistics l
qu trnh ti u ho v v trv thi gian, vn chuyn v d tr ngun ti nguyn
t im u tin ca dy chuyn cung ng cho n tay ngi tiu dng cui cng,
thng qua hng lot cc hot ng kinh t.
Theo PGS.TS Nguyn Nh Tin trong cun Logistics- kh nng ng dng v
pht trin trong kinh doanh dch v vn ti giao nhn Vit Nam: Logistics l
ngh thut t chc s vn ng ca hng ha, nguyn vt liu t khi mua sm,
qua cc qu trnh lu kho, sn xut, phn phi cho n khi a n tay ngi tiu
dng.
1.1.1.2Ngi giao nhn
Ngi chuyn kinh doanh nghip v giao nhn gi l Ngi giao nhn
ForwarderFreight Fowarder. Ngi giao nhn c th l ch hng, ch tu, cng ty xp
d hay kho hng, ngi giao nhn chuyn nghip hay bt k mt ngi no khc c ng
k dch v giao nhn hng.
Ngi giao nhn phi tho mn cc yu cu sau y:
-
Bit kt hp gia nhiu phung thc vn ti khc nhau.
Bit vn dng ti a dung tch, trng ti ca cc cng c vn ti nh dch

v gom hng.
Bit kt hp gia vn ti - giao nhn - xut nhp khNu v lin h tt vi

cc t chc c lin quan n qu trnh vn chuyn hng ho nh Hi Quan,
i l tu, Bo him, Ga, Cng, sn bay...
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-
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Ngi giao nhn cn to iu kin cho ngi kinh doanh xut nhp khNu
hot ng c hiu qu nh vo dich v giao nhn ca mnh.
Nh xut nhp khNu c th s dng kho bi ca ngi giao nhn hay ca

ngi giao nhn i thu t gim c chi ph xy dng kho bi.
Nh xut khNu gim c cc chi phi qun l hnh chnh, b my t chc

n gin, c iu kin tp chung vo kinh doanh xut nhp khNu
1.1.2 Phn loi giao nhn

1.1.2.1 Theo phm vi hot ng
Giao nhn quc t: L hot ng giao nhn nhm phc v t chc chuyn
ch hng ha quc t, hng ha lu thng gia cc quc gia . Gip cho vic
cn bng cung cu gia cc quc gia c m bo v lm cho nn kinh t
ca mi quc gia ngy mt pht trin hn.
Giao nhn ni a: L hot ng giao nhn nhm phc v t chc chuyn
ch hng ha ni a trong phm vi mt quc gia. Giao nhn hng ni a
gip cung ng v phn phi cc sn phNm gia cc vng min khc nhau
c m bo, cn i nn kinh t trong c nc.
1.1.2.2 Theo phng thc vn ti
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng bin
-
u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, thch hp vn chuyn cho tt c cc

loi hng ha, chi ph u t xy dng tuyn ng thp
Nhc im: chu chi phi bi phong tc tp qun chnh tr, ph thuc vo
iu kin t nhin, tc vn ti chm.
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng sng

-
u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, thch hp cho tt c cc loi hng ha,

chi ph xy dng cc tuyn ng thp, gi thnh vn ti thp, c ly vn
chuyn trung bnh ln
Nhc im: ph thuc nhiu vo thin nhin, tc vn chuyn thp, th

tc phc tp, thi gian nhn hng ha chm do sc ch qu nhiu
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng hng khng

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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
u im: khng ph thuc vo a hnh, khng phi u t xy dng c s

vt cht h tng,tc vn ti cao, thi gian vn chuyn nhanh, vn ti an
ton, cung cp dch v cht lng cao
Nhc im: gi thnh vn ti cao, hn ch vn ti cc mt hng cng

knh, gi tr thp, u t xy dng c s vt cht k thut tn km, tnh linh
hot km
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng b

-
u im: tnh linh hot cao, khng b l thuc vo ng x, bn bi; th

tc n gin ; thi gian giao nhn hng ha nhanh chng; tc vn
chuyn kh cao; tin cy cao
Nhc im: cc vn ti cao, vn chuyn trn qung ng ngn, ph

thuc nhiu vo iu kin t nhin
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng st

-
u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, tc vn chuyn tng i cao, gi

thnh thp, tnh linh hot n nh.
Nhc im: u t c s h tng tn km, tnh u n km, b nh

hng bi thin tai, chin tranh
Giao nhn hng ha bng ng ng

-
u im: tnh u n v n nh, tin cy v an ton cao
Nhc im: tc chm, khng linh hot, kn chn hng vn chuyn
Giao nhn hng ha bng vn ti a phng thc

-
u dim : to ra u mi vn ti duy nht door to door, tng nhanh thi

gian giao hng, gim chi ph vn ti, n gin ha th tc chng t, gim
bt trch nhim v ri ro.
Nhc im: hng ha ni n cui cng khi xy ra s c, hng h hng

thng kh tm ra nguyn nhn v quy trch nhim cho bn no. V hng
c vn chuyn qua nhiu phng thc vn ti, nn chnh xc b gim.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
1.1.3 Vai tr ca giao nhn

c im ni bt ca thng mi quc t l ngi mua v ngi bn nhng
nc khc nhau. Sau khi hp ng mua bn c k kt, ngi bn thc hin vic
giao hng tc l hng c vn chuyn t ngi bn sang ngi mua. cho qu
trnh chuyn c bt u, tip tc v kt thc tc l hng ha ti tay ngi
mua, cn phi thc hin mt lot cc cng vic lin quan khc nhau ti chuyn
ch nh: a hng ra cng, lm th tc gi hng, xp hng ln tu, chuyn ti
hng dc ng, d hng ra khi tu v giao cho ngi nhnTt c nhng
cng vic l nghip v ca ngi giao nhn. Nh vy, trc tin nghip v
giao nhn l iu kin khng th thiu cho s tn ti v pht trin ca thng mi
quc t.
Hot ng giao nhn to iu kin cho hng ha lu thng nhanh chng, an ton,
tit kim m khng cn c s tham gia hin din ca ngi gi cng nhu ngi
nhn hng.
Gip ngi chuyn ch Ny nhanh tc vng quay ca cc phng tin vn ti;
tn dng mt cch ti a v c hiu qu dung tch, trng ti ca cc phng tin
vn ti, cc cng c vn ti cng nh cc phng tin h tr khc. y l mt vic
tt yu trong qu trnh giao nhn. Vic giao nhn cng din ra nhiu th c nhiu
hng ha s c lu thng v cc phng tin vn ti c c hi pht trin hn.
Khi di chuyn hng ha t kho CFS, cng hay kho sn bay, rt cn cc phng
tin vNn ti vi trng lng t nh n ln. iu ny cng to iu kin cho ngnh
vn ti pht trin hn.
To iu kin cho cc nh xut nhp khNu c th tp trung vo hot ng kinh
doanh ca h. Khi ngnh giao nhn pht trin s c rt nhiu cng ty trong ngnh
ny xut hin v pht trin theo. i vi cc nh xut nhp khNu iu quan tm
u tin l kim tin N trang tri cuc sng nn mt ngnh pht trin cng c sc
nh hng n vic ch tm vo ngnh lm cho cng vic ca mnh ngy
mt pht trin hn. T , ngnh giao nhn i ln l mt tt yu. Ga s, trong mt
ngnh m ang xung dc, khng c th trng kinh doanh th lm sao cc nh
Trang 8
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
kinh doanh trong yn tm m hot ng trong ngnh c? L tt nhin, h

s tm kim v chuyn sang cc ngnh khc thun li hn kinh doanh.
Bn cnh , giao nhn cng gip cc nh xut khNu gim bt cc chi ph khng
cn thit khc nh: chi ph xy dng kho tng, bn bi nh vo vic s dng kho
tng, bn bi ca ngi giao nhn, cho ph o to nhn cng. Tt c cc cng ty
giao nhn c kho bi cha hng l iu tt yu. Giao nhn hng ha thng
xuyn lm gim lng hng ha tn ng trong kho bi gim xung v hng ha
lu thng trong th trng tng ln. iu ny, to iu kin cho cc cng ty giao
nhn c th gim din tch kho bi, khng cn phi xy qu ln, tit kim phn
no cc chi ph xy dng cng nh chi ph cho cc trang thit b trong kho bi.
Gp phn lm gim gi thnh hng ha xut nhp khNu. Giao nhn lm cho hng
ha lun chuyn linh hot, hng ha c phn b u, khng gy ra tnh trng
khan him ngun hng v do gi thnh hng ha xut nhp khNu gim l iu
hin nhin.
1.2
Tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng ti Vit Nam
1.2.1 Khi qut v tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay
1.2.1.1Khi qut v giao nhn giao nhn hng khng
Tng t nh giao nhn bng ng bin hay cc phng thc khc, giao nhn
hng khng hot ng ch yu bng cc loi my bay, ng nhin tc vn chuyn
ca loi hnh ny cng nhanh hn. Cc th tc, chng t c n gin ha so vi bng
ng bin. Tuy nhin, vn chuyn bng my bay thng dng cho nhng loi chng t
quan trng, cc loi hng qu him, cn s m bo cao, hn ch cc loi hng cng
knh, qu kh
Hin nay, giao nhn hng khng nc ta ang trn pht trin rt tt. V cc
sn bay nc ta dn c ci thin v mt k thut, p ng cc tiu chuNn trn quc t.
Ngoi ra, cc hng bay ca nc ta nh: Vit Nam airline c cng nhn l thnh vin
ca Hip hi vn chuyn hng khng Quc t (IATA), iu ny gp phn vo s tin
tng ca khch hng dnh cho cc dch v giao nhn hng khng trong nc. Nc ta
ang c gng pht huy cc tim nng vn c. Bn cnh , iu kin kh hu thun li
Trang 9
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
gp phn to nn s nh hng cho vic pht trin dch v hng khng. Trong tng lai,
nc ta ang c gng nng cp cc h thng sn bay khc: Hu, H Ni, nng
t chuNn quc t tt nht trong vic giao nhn hng ha quc t bng hng khng.
1.2.1.2 c im ca vn ti hng khng
Tuyn ng trong vn ti ng hng khng l khng trung v hu nh l ng
thng, khng ph thuc vo a hnh.
Tc vn ti cao, thi gian vn ti ngn.
Vn ti hng khng an ton hn so vi cc phng tin vn ti khc.
Vn ti hng khng lun i hi s dng cng ngh cao.
Vn ti hng khng cung cp cc dch v cht lng cao, tiu chuNn hn hn so
vi cc phng thc vn ti khc.
Vn ti hng khng n gin ho v chng t, th tc so vi cc phng thc vn
ti khc.
Gi thnh vn ti cao
Hn ch vn ti cc mt hang cng knh, gi tr thp, khi lng ln
Ph thuc rt nhiu vo kh hu v thi tit.
Vn ti hng khng i hi s u t ln v c s vt cht, k thut cng nh o
to nhn lc phc v.
Tnh linh hot km
1.2.1.3 C s vt cht k thut ca vn ti hng khng
Cng hng khng: Cng hng khng l ni cng nh ni h, ct cnh ca my
bay, l ni cung cp cc iu kin vt cht k thut v cc dch v cn thit lin
quan n vn chuyn hng ho v hnh khch. Cng hng khng c khu vc hng
xut, hng nhp v hng chuyn ti.
My bay: My bay l cng c chuyn ch ca vn ti hng khng. My bay c
nhiu loi, loi chuyn ch hnh khch, loi chuyn ch hng ho, cng c loi kt
hp ch c khch v hng.
Trang thit b xp, d hng: Gm c cc trang thit b xp d v vn chuyn hng
ho trong sn bay v cc trang thit b hng ho theo n v. Ngoi ra cn c cc
Trang 10
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
trang thit b ring l nh pallet my bay, container my bay, container a phng

thc, xe ko, dolley,
1.2.1.4 Tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay
Trong xu th pht trin ca nn kinh t Vit Nam v th gii hin nay, s pht trin
ca vn ti hng khng ngy mt tng cao. Tuy nhin, s st gim kinh t t t nm
2011, ko di n nm 2012 lm suy gim phn no vic vn chuyn hng ha
gia cc nc bng ng bin ln ng hng khng.
Theo bo co trong bo Thng mi Vit Nam, t l xut khNu bng ng hng
khng tng ng k:
Bng 1.1: T l xut kh u bng ng hng khng t 2008-2012
Nm
Ga tr xut kh1u
( T USD )
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
39,6
48,4
62,9
57
71,6
21,5
29,5
-9,7
25,5
Tc tng
trng kim ngch
xut kh1u(%)
Ngun: Bo Thng mi Vit Nam (01/2013)
Qua s liu trn, ta thy hot ng xut khNu bng ng hng khng c tng
trng tng bc bn vng. Nm 2009 , tc tng trng xut khNu ch chim 21,5%,
nhng n 2012 t 25,5%. Do nm 2011, b nh hng ca cuc khng hong
kinh t nn t l gim xung, ko theo 2012 tng ch phn no. Mc ny khng qu
nhiu nhng y l mt tin trin mi trong giao nhn hng khng Nc ta.
Cng theo bo co ny, gi tr nhp khNu tng t nm 2009 (44.41 t USD ) ln
n 2012 (84 t USD). Nn ta c th nhn thy, hin nay tnh trng nhp nc ta
cao hn xut. Trong tng lai cn gim t l nhp khNu v tng t l xut khNu.
T khi cc t chc kinh t mi i vo hot ng, cc ngnh kinh t hot ng
trong ch bao cp, ch c cha y 20 nm bc sang nn kinh t th trng. Gn
mt th k di s cai tr ca ch thc dn c, li tip theo hai cuc chin tranh
Trang 11
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
xm lc tn c, lm cho nn kinh t nc ta suy sp, nhn dn ngho i, tng

chng kit qu khng ng ln ni. Nhng nh c ng li lnh o ng n ca
ng, i sng nhn dn pht trin ln dn, xa b ngho nn lc hu, vng bc xy
dng mt quc gia dn giu, nc mnh, x hi cng bng, dn ch, vn minh. Nhn
chung, chng ta c th thy mt vi thun li v kh khn nh sau :
Thun li :
T con s khng, hin nay nc ta c mt s h thng sn bay quc t
c phn b mt cch rng ri v ng u, phc v cho vic chuyn ch
hng ha c thun tin v linh hot hn. Mt s sn bay ln nh : sn
bay Tn Sn Nht- TP.H Ch Minh, Sn bay quc t Ni Bi-H Ni, sn
bay Nng v hin nay c thm sn bay quc t Ph QucHng hng
khng t tiu chuNn quc t gp phn tng s tin tng ca khch hng
khi vn chuyn hng ha. in hnh l hng hng khng Vit Nam chnh
thc l thnh vin ca Hip hi vn ti hng khng quc t vo ngy
5/12/2006.
Theo bo in t th vo ngy 02/12/2012, Cng hng khng quc t Ph
Quc chnh thc c m phc v khai thc. Cng hng khng quc
t Ph Quc (mi) do Tng cng ty Cng hng khng Vit Nam trin khai
u t xy dng nm trn a bn x Dng T, huyn Ph Quc, tnh
Kin Giang, cch trung tm th trn Dng ng 7km v pha Nam.
Sau 4 nm trin khai thi cng tch cc, Cng hng khng quc t Ph Quc
c hon thin vi quy m sn bay cp 4E, tip nhn cc loi tu bay
B747-400 v tng ng tr xung. Nng lc thng qua ca nh ga hnh
khch l 2.650.000 hnh khch/nm; 1.325 hnh khch/gi cao im. (Nh
Ha, 2012)
Bn cnh , i ng nhn vin phc v trong ngnh vn ti hng khng l
nhng nhn vin tr, c tinh thn hc hi v tinh thn trch nhim cao. C
kh nng p ng s lng cng vic ln cng nh kh nng lm vic trong
Trang 12
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
mi trng nng ng, c tnh cnh tranh cao. T , kin thc chuyn
mn ca i ng nhn vin dn dn c hon thin.
Ti TP.H Ch Minh, a s cc Cng ty giao nhn phc v cho vic chuyn
ch hng ha bng ng hng khng u tp trung gn khu sn bay. iu
ny gp phn thun tin cho vic ly chng t, ly hng v phn phi n
khch hng trc tip ti cc tnh ln cn nh : ng Nai, Bnh Dng, Bnh
Phc
Kh khn :
C cu hng ch nh (nominated) v khng ch nh trong vn ti ngoi
thng mt cn i trm trng bt ngun t tp qun mua CIF (Cost
insurance and freight) bn FOB (Free on board), iu ny dn n cc
doanh nghip Vit Nam ch khai thc vn ti v bo him c t 10 n
18% lng hng ha xut nhp khNu. Nm 2012, kim ngch xut khNu Vit
Nam t 11 t USD nhng lng hng cn vn chuyn v s dng dch v
hng khng ch chim 20~25% tng kim ngch xut khNu.
Theo B Cng Thng nhn nh kim ngch xut khNu c nm t khong
114,5 t USD, tng 4,6% so vi k hoch v tng khong 18,2% so vi nm
2011. ng gp cho thnh tch xut khNu nm nay, cng vic mt s mt hng
tng gi nh ch tng 0,3%, ht tiu tng 15,9%, du th tng 0,5%, xng du
cc loi tng 3,7%, qung v khong sn khc tng 182,9%, th mt s th
trng c s tng trng tr li. Trong , th trng Nht Bn dn u vi
tng 23,3% v chim t trng 11,4% tng kim ngch xut khNu ca Vit
Nam, th trng M tng 17,0% v chim t trng 17,2%, th trng EU tng
21,3%, chim t trng 17,3%; th trng khu vc ASEAN tng 28,1% chim
t trng 15,2%; th trng Trung Quc tng 11,1% chim t trng 10,7%. Tc
tng trng nhp khNu tip tc thp hn so vi tc tng trng xut khNu
(6,8%), gp phn ci thin ng k cho cn cn thng mi. Bo co ca B
Cng Thng cho bit, thng 11, kim ngch nhp khNu hng ho c t 10,25
Trang 13
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
t USD, tng 0,8% so vi thng 10 v tng 7,0% so vi thng 11/2011. Tnh

chung 11 thng, kim ngch nhp khNu c t 103,99 t USD. Xt theo nhm
hng, so vi cng k, kim ngch ca nhm hng cn kim sot nhp khNu c
t trn 4,0 t USD, gim 35,5% v chim t trng 3,9%; kim ngch ca nhm
hng hn ch nhp khNu c t 4,92 t USD, gim 5,5% v chim t trng
4,7%. B Cng Thng ang theo di st sao, cp nht tnh hnh din bin gi
c, tin xut khNu cc mt hng, nhng bin ng ca th trng th gii
c bin php h tr, tho g kh khn cho doanh nghip sn xut hng xut
khNu v doanh nghip xut khNu v vn, th trng, th tc... gp phn duy tr
tc tng trng xut khNu. (Nh Ha, 2012)
C s h tng ca cc sn bay ti nc ta vn cn thp hn so vi cc nc
pht trin khc trong khu vc. Tnh tng sn bay nc ta c khong trn
20 sn bay. Chnh cht lng sn bay cha t tiu chuNn cao nn lng
hng qu cnh qua nc ta cng b hn ch, nng lc cnh tranh dch v
thp, gi thnh vn ti cao v ngnh dch v hng khng trong nc ang
chu nhiu thch thc
Bt cp v trnh cng ngh thng tin : Cc doanh nghip phc v vic
giao nhn hng khng trong nc cn nhiu hn ch trong vic cp nht cc
cng ngh thng tin mi. Gy kh khn cho vic cung cp cc thng tin vn
chuyn hng ha bng ng hng khng trn th gii. V th lng hng
ha xut nhp khNu cng b gim phn no.
Cht lng ngun nhn lc : lao ng k nng ang thiu ht c v s
lng v cht lng. i ng cn b qun l, iu hnh thiu kin thc v
kinh nghim kinh doanh; s ng cha c cp nht tri thc mi; phong
cch lnh o, qun l cha p ng c yu cu. Nhn vin tc nghip
ch yu o to t nhng chuyn ngnh ngoi logistics; cn lc lng lao
ng trc tip i a s l bc vc, xp d, li xe, kim m hng kho bi
vi trnh thp, lm vic thiu chuyn nghip. Vn ng lo ngi l
Trang 14
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
nghip v giao nhn cha xy dng mang tnh chuyn ngnh, i ng

chuyn gia t so vi nhu cu. Vi ngun nhn lc mang tnh chp v, va
thiu v s lng li yu v cht lng, ngnh dch v ny kh c c hi
cnh tranh bnh ng c vi nhng i th danh ting nc ngoi.
Theo thng k cho thy hin nay c nc c khong hn 1000 doanh
nghip kinh doanh trong ngnh logistics. S K hoch u t TP.HCM a
ra mt con s kinh ngc: Trung bnh mi tun c mt n hai cng ty giao
nhn - Logistics c cp php hot ng hoc b sung chc nng
logistics. iu ny cng th hin sc ht mnh m ca ngnh kinh doanh
c bit vi chi ph chim 25% GDP ny. Tuy nhin, cng chnh v s pht
trin nhanh chng ca ngnh kh nng m cc doanh nghip kinh doanh
loi hnh dch v ny ang rt lng tng trong vic tm kim ngi ti.
Theo ng Xun Quang - Ch tch Hip hi Giao nhn kho vn Vit
Nam (VIFFAS) cho bit, ngun cung cp lao ng cho ngnh logistic ch
p ng c khong 40% nhu cu, trong khi tc tng trng trung bnh
ca ngnh logistic mi nm tng 20-25%. Mt khc, cht lng ngun nhn
lc cng l vn ng quan tm. Qu trnh iu hnh v vn hnh trong
ngnh logistics i hi tnh cng ngh chuyn nghip cao. V vy, ngun
nhn lc hot ng trong lnh vc ny cn c o to mt cch c h
thng v c trang b y kin thc nh nhng nh giao nhn quc t
th mi p ng c yu cu. Trong thc t, cc chuyn gia c o to
chuyn nghip v lnh vc ny cn qu t so vi yu cu pht trin dch v.
Phn ln kin thc m ngi lm logistics c c l t thc tin khi lm
i l hoc i tc cho cc cng ty nc ngoi chuyn lm dch v ny
Vit Nam. Vic o to ti cc trng i hc cn hn ch v s lng v
cht lng. Ti Vit Nam ch c mt s trng c o to c nhn v Qun
tr Logistics v Vn ti a phng thc. Tuy nhin mn hc logistics (hoc
lin quan n logistics) ti cc trng H ca Vit Nam c ni dung hn
ch, ch yu o to thin v vn ti bin v giao nhn ng bin m cha
Trang 15
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
ch trng ti s pht trin ca ngnh vn ti hng khng v cc dch v gia

tng, cc k thut giao nhn hin i nh vn ti a phng thc, k nng
qun tr chui cung ng nh 3PL, 4PL...(Thanh Thy, 2012)
Chi ph giao nhn hin nay ti Vit Nam cao.
ng Xun Quang, Ch tch Hip hi Doanh nghip Dch v logistics
Vit Nam (VLA), Ch tch Lin on cc Hip hi Giao nhn ng Nam
(AFFA) cho rng logistics c vai tr rt quan trng trong nn kinh t quc
dn. S pht trin ca ngnh logsitics s tng sc cnh tranh cho hng ha
v cho cc doanh nghip xut nhp khNu. Do vy, Logistics c xem nh
chic n bNy thc Ny nn kinh t. Tuy nhin, hin chi ph logistics nc
ta cao hn rt nhiu so cc nc trong khu vc. Trong khi chi ph logistics
nc ta chim khong 25% GDP th Nht Bn chi ph logistics ch chim
11%/GDP, Singapore 8%, Malaysia 13%, Indonesia 13%...(Thanh Thy,
2013)
1.2.2 Vai tr ca giao nhn hng khng
Vn ti hng khng hin nay l mt ngnh kinh t mi nhn i din cho s
pht trin kinh t ca nc ta, gia tang ngoi t ca quc gia hn.
y cng l phng thc vn ti tin tin v hin i nht, vi u im ni bt
vt tri v tc vn chuyn, thi gian vn chuyn nhanh, cc chng t phc
v trong sut qu trnh ny c n gin ha. Bn cnh , h thng cc
tuyn ng hng khng c ph bin khp ton cu. Nh tnh nng ny
m a s cc nh vn chuyn u s dng dch v ny phc v cho vic vn
chuyn hng ha ca mnh n vi khch hng vi s m bo uy tn cao nht,
nng cao cht lng dch v hn.
Gp phn pht trin cho kinh t quc gia, phc v tt c cc ngnh trong x hi
ngy mt rng ri v mnh m: giao thng, tiu dngChnh s m bo v
vn chuyn nhanh v an ton ca vn ti hng khng cung cp cc sn phNm
cho ngi tiu dng, cc thit b sn xut, nghin cumt cch nhanh
Trang 16
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
chng nht. m bo cho qu trnh lu thng hng ha cung cp cho con

ngi khng b nh tr.
Bn cnh , vn ti hng khng c tc dng to ln i vi vic kinh doanh
xut nhp khNu hng ha, thc Ny vic bun bn quc t ngy cng pht trin
mnh, gp phn lm thay i c cu hng ha v c cu th trong trng trong
hot ng kinh doanh xut nhp khNu. Trong , vn chuyn hng khng gip
cho vic lu thng hng ha gia cc nc ng tin v nhanh chng. m
bo vic chuyn ch hng ha ngy mt tng trong x hi. Hin nay, tng khi
lng hng ha chuyn ch trong bun bn quc t t khong 7 t tn/ nm,
trong vn chuyn hng khng chim khong 4 phn. ng ngha vi vic
bun bn quc t c pht trin. Hai yu t ny c tc dng qua li, h tr
cho nhau cng pht trin.
Vn ti hng khng pht trin v hon thin to iu kin cho vic m rng
chng loi cc mt hng trong bun bn quc t ni chung v thay i c cu
tng nhm mt hng ni ring.
H thng vn ti quc t m rng, gi thnh vn ti trn c ly di gim to
iu kin m rng th trng cung cp v tiu th. Do , vn ti hng khng
gp phn lm thay i c cu th trng trong thng mi quc t.
Phc v quc phng: Vn ti hng khng pht trin ng vai tr to ln v
ngha i vi vic tng cng sc mnh quc phng v an ninh quc gia. Bi
v mi hot ng phc v cho vic an ninh, quc phng u cn n vn
chuyn
1.2.3 Cc nhn t nh hng n giao nhn hng khng
Mi trng bn trong
S cnh tranh gay gt ca cc Cng ty logistics trong ngnh . Hu ht cc
Cng ty u dng mi chin thut t c lng hng nh d nh. T ,
dn n tnh trng cnh tranh gia cc Cng ty v ngay c vi cc b phn
trong cng Doanh nghip. Chng hn, nh cnh tranh v gi cc. Khi mt
Trang 17
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
khch hng mun t ch hng xut i ti i l no, iu tt nhin l h

kim tra gi rt nhiu i l khc hay hng hng khng. Bn no cng mun
h mc gi cc ca mnh xung thp nht c th hay a ra chin thut nu
khch hng t nhiu th c th gim gi. Tnh trng tng t cng xy ra
trong vic vn chuyn hng bng xe ti(i vi cc l hng door to door).
iu ny gy ra tnh trng cnh tranh ngm vi nhau gia cc Cng ty trong
ngnh giao nhn hng khng.
Hin nay, kinh t ca Quc gia ang trong tnh trng kh khn, dn n khan
him v ngun hng. Nhu cu xut nhp hng ha khng ng u. Nc ta
ch yu l nhp siu.Chng ta nn chuyn sang xut siu trong tng lai c
c hn ngch bnh qun hng nm cao, nn kinh t t s pht trin hn.
Hin nay, a phn hng nhp c ng hng khng ln ng bin l cc loi
nguyen ph liu may mac cc Cng ty Vit Nam gia cng cho cc Cng
ty khc u nc ngoi. Cho nn, mt hng xut khNu chnh cng nghing v
ngnh may mc. Cc mt hng cc ngnh khc chim t trng rt nh. Gy
nh hng n vic pht trin kinh t khng ng u.
C s vt cht, h thng sn bay, my bay cha p ng c tiu chuNn trn
Th gii nn hn ch vic u t t cc nc tin tin trn Th gii. Hin ti,
cc sn bay ln Vit Nam c t l xut nhp khNu hng ha nhiu nht ch c
3 sn bay: Sn bay Tn Sn Nht (TP. H Ch Minh), Sn bay Ni Bi (H
Ni), Sn bay Nng. V lng sn bay ln cn hn ch, nn phi mt thi
gian, chi ph khi phn phi hng n cc c s ca khch hng nhng ni xa
sn bay trung tm. Nhiu khi trong khi vn chuyn, gy ra cc thit hi hay mt
mt i vi nhng mt hng rau c, hng d v
Trnh nhn lc nhiu, chuyn mn gii nhng cha thc s bit cch p
dng vo thc tin hin nay ti Vit Nam. y l mt thc t c rt nhiu
ngi cng nhn. V nh chng ta bit, ngun nhn lc Vit Nam ch c
o to trn l thuyt l nhiu, kh nng c o to kt hp l thuyt vi
thc hnh rt t.Ch sau khi hc xong l thuyt, h mi i lm v hc hi kinh
Trang 18
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
nghim t nhng ngi i trc nn s c s chnh lnh vi cc kin thc

hc c. Nn vn p dng l thuyt mt cch ng n, c khoa hc cn
c pht trin.
Cc b lut ca nc ta v hot ng giao nhn hng ha vn cn nhiu im
bt cp, th tc phc tp, nhiu nhn vin Hi quan cn gy kh d cho Doanh
nghip. in hnh cho vic ny, cc khu lm th tc xut nhp khNu cn rm
r, tn nhiu giy t. Hay nh cn b Hi quan thch nhn vin Cng ty ny th
to iu kin, cn ngc li nhn vin cng ty no b ght th s mt thi gian
thuyt phc cn b Hi quan, gy thit hi cho qu trnh lm th tc nhp
ln xut hng.
Mi trng bn ngoi
Tnh hnh kinh t hin nay trn Th gii ang b khng hong nn nh
hng nhiu n vic xut nhp khNu hng ha. Nhiu Cng ty dn n
tnh trng ph sn. Bn cnh , nhiu Cng ty khc th ang trong b vc ph
sn. Lng cng vic gim xung, nhn cng b tht nghip nhiu. Tnh hnh
kinh t sa st.
Theo thng k, bnh qun mi thng trong nm 2012 c khong 500 doanh
nghip gii th v ph sn, ng ngha vi s ngi lao ng b mt vic lm
cng tng ln. Lnh o Phng Thng mi v Cng nghip Vit Nam cho
bit, s doanh nghip b gii th t nm 2011 n nm 2012 bng 50% ca c
giai on 10 nm va qua. Mt b phn ang c vic lm lun thp thm vi
nguy c mt vic. S liu thng k va cng b cng cho thy, t l thiu vic
lm ca lao ng trong tui nm 2012 l 2,8%, trong khu vc thnh th
l 1,58%, khu vc nng thn l 3,35%. Trong khi , t l lao ng phi chnh
thc nm 2012 tng so vi mt s nm trc, t 34,6% nm 2010, tng ln
35,8% nm 2011 v 36,6% nm 2012. (Nh Ha, 2013)
S chim hu v cnh tranh mt cch thi qu ca Cc cng quc khc trn
Th gii khi mun chim c th trng trong nc v lnh vc logistics.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Mt quc gia pht trin no khi u t vo Vit Nam th thng km theo

cc iu kin nh: hng ha ch c xut khNu sang th trng nc u
t hoc cc nc ln cn m c nc u t cho php. Hoc khi xut khNu
sang cc nc khc th b cnh tranh v gi, gim cht lng sn phNm trong
nc.
S bin ng v kinh t chnh tr trn Th gii phn no nh hng n
tnh hnh xut nhp khNu ni chung.
Din bin ca thi tit cng lm nh hng n qu trnh giao nhn hng ha.
Nc ta l nc nhit i, c kh hu n ha, thng khng c cc thin tai
ln nh: ni la, ng tnn qu trnh vn chuyn hng ha c m bo
hn.
1.2.4 S cn thit phi y mnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay
Thng mi quc t pht trin, nhu cu tiu dng hng ha ca con ngi ngy
cng nhiu nn vic chuyn ch hng ha t nc ny n nc khc vi thi gian
ti thiu v m bo an ton hng ha ngy cng c nng cao. V th vic Ny
mnh giao nhn hng khng hin nay l mt tt yu.
Vic chuyn ch hng ha hng khng ngy cng tng gp phn lm cho c s h
tng: sn bay, bn bi, cc loi my bayngy cng c p ng ph hp vi
khi lng hng ha c lun chuyn, to iu kin cho cc cc hng hng
khng cc nc khc qu cnh vo nc ta tng cao. Gii thiu cng nh qung
b hnh nh, cht lng phc v ca giao nhn hng khng ti Vit Nam.
Hin ti cng nh trong tng lai, nhu cu ca con ngi v s m bo hng ha
m h t mua t cc nc khc cng c a ln hng u nn vn chuyn bng
hng khng l mt trong nhng phng thc ti u.
Mt khi giao nhn hng khng pht trin, nn thng mi Quc t ca nc ta s
pht trin theo. ng ngoi t cng khng b mt gi mt cch nhanh chng v
ko di. Nn kinh t nc ta khng b ng. Cc doanh nghip trong nc c
iu kin tip cn nhiu hn vi nn kinh t tin tin trn Th gii.
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Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Khi giao nhn hng khng pht trin, iu ny ng ngha vi vic ngnh ny
chng ta c mt i ng nhn vin gii, c kh nng pht huy kh nng cng
nh c thm c hi hc hi kinh nghim v hon thin kin thc chuyn mn hn.
Giao nhn hng khng pht trin gp phn tch cc vo vic nng cao c cu mt
hng, to nn ngun hng xut nhp khNu tr nn a dng, phong ph.
Trang 21
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
KT LUN CHNG 1
Qua nhng kin thc em tm hiu trong chng 1, chng ta phn no hnh
dung c th no l giao nhn ni chung v giao nhn hng khng ni ring. T lc bt
u hot ng cho n nay, ngnh giao nhn nc ta tri qua rt nhiu thng trm. T
khi mi bt u, c s vt cht & thit b k thut cn thp, trnh cn b nhn vin
cn hn ch, cha c kh nng x l nhy bn cc tnh hung phc tp, ngun hng xut
nhp khNu cha c phn b nhiu. Hin nay, tnh hnh xut nhp khNu nc ta tng
i pht trin. i ng cn b cng nhn vin dy dn kinh nghim, c nhiu c hi
giao lu v hc hi vi cc doanh nghip cc nc tin tin trn th gii. C s vt cht
tng i y , hin i, c kh nng phc v cao.
Trong , phi k n giao nhn hng khng, v y l mt trong nhng ngnh
kinh t mi nhn ca nc ta. Hin nay, giao nhn hng khng pht trin tng i
cao, cc c s h tng: my bay, sn bay, cc trang thit b phc v cho vic xut nhp
khNu hng hatng i y . C cu mt hng c phn b cho ngnh ny tng
ln rt nhiu. Mt khc, giao nhn hng khng thu ht c s ch ca a s khch
hng v kh nng phc v hng ha nhanh chng & m bo.
Sau y, qua chng 2 chng ta s tip tc tm hiu quy trnh xut nhp khNu hng
ha bng ng hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo Trn
hiu v ngnh ny mt cch c th hn.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
CHNG 2
THC TRNG DNCH V GIAO NHN HNG HA XUT
NHP KHU BNG NG HNG KHNG TI CNG TY
C PHN GIAO NHN & VN CHUYN INDO TRN
2.1 Gii thiu khi qut v Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo Trn
2.1.1 Gii thiu v loi hnh v quy m hot ng ca Cng ty
Ti Vit Nam, tn cng ty l Cng ty C phn giao nhn & vn chuyn IndoTrn, tr s chnh ca cng ty t ti 52 Trng Sn, Phng 2, Qun Tn Bnh, Thnh
ph H Ch Minh.
Cng ty cn c cc chi nhnh ti cc tnh thnh ca Vit Nam v cc nc Chu
nh: H Ni, D Nng, Lo, Campuchia, Thi Lan, Singapore, Myanma
Ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo-Trn , c 4 lnh vc kinh doanh m
cng ty ang cung cp cho khch hng nhm mang n s hi lng v tha mn nhu cu
kinh doanh v pht trin bn vng ca cng ty khch hng.
-
Dch v giao nhn vn chuyn quc t
Dch v cc vn chuyn quc t
Dch v Hng khng
Dch v vn chuyn ni a
Cng ty ang lm vic vi cc khch hng l cc tp on ln, uy tn nh Electrolux,

Unilever, Nokia, 3M, Avon, Tp on du kh Vit Nam
2.1.2 Qa trnh hnh thnh v pht trin
Nm 2000 Cng ty TNHH A&T c thnh lp theo quyt nh s 4102000063
ca S k hach v u t k ngy 26/01/2000 do b Trnh Th Mai Trm lm gim c,
ngnh ngh kinh doanh ch yu l: i l vn ti hng hi v hng khng, mua bn in
thoi, kt st cc loi, hng th cng m ngh, thit b vn phng phNm.
Trang 23
Chuyn tt nghip
Tn cng ty
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
: Cng ty TNHH A&T
Tn giao dch : A&T Freight and Services Co., Ltd

a ch
: 278 Nam K Khi Ngha, Q3, HCM
in thoi
: 08-3320985-9320986
Fax
: 08-9320725
Tri qua giai an pht trin vi cch thc t chc hat ng cng nh xy dng
chin lc thm nhp th trng c hiu qu, cng ty m rng quy m hat ng ln
hn, n ngy 01/03/2002 cng ty TNHH A&T i tn php nhn thnh Cng ty C phn
Giao nhn & vn chuyn In-do Trn v chnh thc bt u i vo hot ng.
Tn giao dch: Cng ty C phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo-Trn
Tn ting Anh: Indo-Trans Logistics Corporation
Tn vit tt
: ITL
a ch
: 52 Trng Sn, P2, Tn Bnh, TP.HCM
in thoi
: 08-8488569-8488567-8488591
Fax
: 08-8488593
Cng ty hat ng vi s vn iu l l 600 triu ng. T mt cng ty hat ng

bc u ch vi 6 thnh vin nhng hin nay s lng nhn vin trong tan tng cng ty
ln n 400 ngi hat ng rt chuyn nghip v ang tng bc khng nh thng
hiu v uy tn trn thng trng.
Vi i ng chuyn nghip trong ngnh cng nghip giao nhn- vn chuyn hng
ha v dch v-gii php hu cn, c 1 mng li vn chuyn hng ha a quc gia rng
khp.
Trang 24
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Tn cng ty Indo-Trans l t vit tt ca Indochina Transport, thng c gi tt

l ITL. Nhng khng v th m cng ty ch gii hn pht trin trong khu vc ng dng
m ngy nay, vi kinh nghim v thc lc ca mnh, cng ty xm nhp thnh cng
khng nhng vo th trng Vit Nam v th gii m cn dn u trong ngnh cng
nghip ny ti Vit Nam.
S thnh cng ca cng ty Indo-Trans ngy hm nay u do s sng to khng
ngng ngh. Trc y, khi ngnh cng nghip vn ti hng ha ch n thun l vn
chuyn truyn thng th cng ty Indo-Trans Logistics khng ch c vn chuyn hng ha
v dch v hu cn m cn cung ng nhng gii php thch hp trong phn phi hng
ha.
Ngoi ra, cng ty c nhng c trng rt ring lm nn mt im nhn ca
Indotrans m cc i th trong cng lnh vc khng th cnh tranh c.
Cng ty Indo-Trans thit k nhng dch v cho tng th trng ring l cng nh
cc yu cu c bit, nhng nhu cu ring ca tng khch hng. Indo-Trans logistics c
mt v tr xng ng trong ngnh cng nghip vn ti hng ha.
2.1.3 Chc nng v nhim v
Cng ty ITL Vit nam vi mc tiu tr thnh ngi cung cp dch v - gii php
hng u trong lnh vc giao nhn vn chuyn hng ha, dch v hu cn, cung cp
thng tin v qun l vn chuyn lu thng hng ha ti Vit Nam.
L mt vai tr ct li trong hot ng kinh doanh ca khch hng thng qua mng
li phn phi v lu thng hng ha, cng ty Indo-Trans tha mn mi yu cu ca
khch hng mi lc mi ni vi dch v tt nht v chuyn nghip nht.
S sng to khng ngng l yu t hng u. Cng ty ITL lin tc i mi cng
ngh cng nh nhng dch v - gii php pht trin tt u nht mang n cho khch
hng s tin cy v hi lng nht v dch v cung ng ca mnh.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Chc nng ch yu ca cng ty l tp trung vo khai thc nghip v i l tu

bin, i l cho hng hng khng, cung cp dch v Logistics (hot ng giao nhn, vn
ti, dch v v kho bi) v i din cho mt s hng hng khng nh Thai Cargo,
Brunei Airlines, Qatar Airway, Martin Air v Etihah. Nh hot ng vi qui m ln trn
th gii v nhiu lnh vc, do lng hng ho xut i chim t trng rt ln. V vy
m cng ty nhn c nhiu s u i v gi c, dch v t cc hng tu v hng hng
khng.
S dng hiu qu ngun vn xy dng cng ty vng mnh trong nn kinh t th
trng c nh hng X hi ch ngha.
Cung cp tt nht nhim v p ng nhu cu ca khch hng.
m bo thc hin hp ng kinh t, hp ng ngoi thng vi khch hng
trong v ngoi nc.
Thc hin nghim chnh cc chnh sch, ch vi nhn vin v thc hin tt k
lut lao ng.
Bo co thng k nh k thng nm theo biu mu quy nh ca nh nc v
hon thnh ngha v ng thu vi nh nc.
2.1.4 C cu t chc ca Cng ty
Ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh
Ban Gim c
: 2 ngi
Th k
: 1 ngi
B phn kinh doanh v dch v khch hng
: 8 ngi
B phn k ton
: 6 ngi
B phn hng Air
:14 ngi
B phn hng Sea
: 8 ngi
B phn Operation
: 20 ngi
B phn Logistics
: 25 ngi
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Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
B phn Nhn s - hnh chnh
: 8 ngi
Trung tm iu phi
: 25 ngi
i din hng hng khng
: 9 ngi
Ti H Ni
Vn phng
: 13 ngi
Trung tm iu phi
: 8 ngi
S 2.1: C cu nhn s ca cng ty ti TP.H Ch Minh

Ban Gim c
Phng
Kinh
Doanh
Phng
K
Ton
Phng
Hnh
Chnh
nhn s
Phng
Logistic
Phng
Opration
Phng
Chng
t
i
din
hng
hng
khng
Ngun: Phng K ton

2.1.5 Mi trng lm vic, c s vt cht k thut
Tri qua mt qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin, hin nay c s vt cht ni chung
ti Cng ty tng i y v tin nghi, phc v cho nhn vin lm vic mt cch hiu
qu nht. Vi phng chm S hi lng ca khch hng chnh l ng lc ln nht thc
Ny mi nhn vin ITL khng ngng phn u hon thnh tt cng vic d ln hay nh
Ban iu hnh ca cng ty lun to mi iu kin, to mi trng tt nht nhm h tr
cho nhn vin trong cng vic vi cc trang thit b hin i p ng nhu cu lm vic
nhn vin: h thng my tnh c ni mng vi tc cao, h thng qun l lu tr
thng tin, h thng qun l xut-nhp hng ti kho gi l WMS-Warehouse Management
Systems(do i tc Singapore trc tip cung cp v ging dy) nhm gip nhn vin qun
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Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
l, t chc cng vic mt cch khoa hc em li hiu qu cao trong cng vic. Bn cnh
, c mt i ng nhn vin IT gii, kp x l cc tnh hung bt ng , gip cc nhn
vin chng t c th x l vn tc thi, khng gy ra thit hi g ng k cho Cng ty
cng nh khch hng. T , Cng ty v cn b nhn vin to nn mt s tin tng
cho khch hng.
Ngoi ra, khi lm vic trc tip vi khch hng, tt c cc nhn vin u nhit
tnh, ha ng, ci m, phc v khch hng mt cch chu o nht. Nu khch hng c
bt c phan no no v cht lng dch v cng nh cung cch phc v c th trc tip
a ra kin vi phong nhn s. Do , m cng to c nim tin cho khch hng hn.
2.1.6 Cc lnh vc hot ng ch yu ca Cng ty
V giao nhn vn ti hng ha quc t: (Forwarding and Groupage)
-
Giao nhn hng ho vn chuyn bng ng bin.
Dch v giao nhn hng ha bng ng st ( ch phc v tuyn ni a).
Cung cp dch v vn chuyn hng l( LCL- Less than container Load).
C quan h tt p v kh nng gi ch vi tt c cc hng tu chnh ang

hot ng ti Vit Nam gip cng ty c th p ng nhu cu a dng ca
khch hng c v cc ph, tuyn ng cng nh thi gian vn chuyn.
Giao nhn hng ho vn chuyn bng ng hng khng t ca n ca
(Door to door service); vn chuyn bng ng hng khng n cc sn bay

(Airport to airport).
-
Dch v khai bo hi quan.
V dch v kho bi v phn phi hng ho( Warehouse& Distribution):

ITL hin c cc nh kho v trung tm phn phi hng Tp HCM v H Ni c th
cung cp cho khch hng nhng dich v sau:
-
Lu gi v bo qun hng ho.
Vn chuyn hng ha bng xe (trucking)
Dn nhn hng ho ( Labeling)
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Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Gom hng (consolidation)
ng gi hng ho ( Packing/re-packing)
ng pallet
Kim tra m s, m vch ( Barcoding and Scanning )
Phn loi hng ha ( Sorting)
Vi quy m rng ln, vi nhiu chi nhnh trn Th gii, hot ng nhiu lnh
vc, cng ty to nn nhng mi quan h tt vi cc i l khc, cc hng hng
khngNh th, cng ty nhn c nhng gi cc u i t cc hng hng khng
v m bo quyn li cho khch hng. Do , m lng khch hng tin tng vo dch
v ngy cng tng. m bo cho hot ng ca Cng ty c n nh v ngy cng pht
trin hn.
Trang 29
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.1.7 Khi qut kt qu hot ng kinh doanh ca Cng ty t nm 2008 n nm 2012

Bng2.1: Doanh thu ca Cng ty t nm 2008 2012
VT: Triu USD
Nm ti
chnh
Nm 2008
Nm 2009
T
Tr gi
trng
Nm 2010
T
Tr gi
(%)
trng
Nm 2011
T
Tr gi
(%)
trng
Nm 2012
T
Tr gi
(%)
trng
T
Tr gi
(%)
trng
(%)
Dch v
giao
nhn
125.23
47,06
140.570
46,00
154.950
46,15
160.680
45,1
208.884
45,1
140.89
52,94 165.330
54,00
180.780
53,85
195.620
54,9
254.306
54,9
266.12
100
100
335.730
100
356.300
100
463.19
100
xut
khNu
Dch v
giao
nhn
nhp
khNu
Tng
cng
305.900
Ngun: Phng K ton
Trang 30
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
th 2.1: Doanh thu ca Cng ty t nm 2008-2012

30000
25000
20000
Dch V XK
15000
Dch V NK
10000
5000
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nhn xt:
Nhn chung tnh hnh kinh doanh ca cng ty ITL trong khon thi gian gn y
t nm 2010 -2012 c nhiu thay i theo chiu hng tt, doanh thu tng r rt qua cc
nm.
Chnh lch doanh thu ca Cng ty trong 5 nm:
Dch v xut khNu: (125.23 + 140.570 + 154.950 + 160.680 + 208.884)/5 =
158.063
Dch v nhp khNu: (140.89 + 165.330 + 180.780 + 195.620 + 254.306)/5 =
187.385
Nh vy, trung bnh mi nm doanh thu ca dch v xut khNu tng 158.063 triu
USD. Trong khi , doanh thu ca dch v nhp khNu tng 187.385 triu USD mi nm.
Ta c th thy, doanh thu ca dch v nhp khNu tng hn doanh thu ca dch v xut
khNu: 29.322 triu USD mi nm. Theo s liu ny c th nhn thy kh r rang tnh hnh
nhp khNu ti Vit Nam pht trin cao hon th trng xut khNu. y cng l mt du
hiu va tt nhng cng ng lo ngi cho ngnh logistics ni chung v dch v giao nhn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng ni ring. Nu nh dch v nhp khNu
pht trin qu mc s gy ra tnh trng nhp siu, dn n cn cn xut nhp khNu trong
nc b chnh lnh cao.
Doanh thu ca dch v nhp khNu tng cao so vi dch v xut khNu cng dn n tnh
trng t trng nhp khNu tng hn so vi xut khNu trung bnh mi nm.
T trng dch v xut khNu tng trung bnh trong 5 nm :
(47,06 + 46,00 + 46,15 + 45,1 + 45,1)/5 = 45,88 %
T trng dch v nhp khNu tng trung bnh trong 5 nm:
(52,94 + 54,00 + 53,85 + 54,9 + 54,9)/5 = 54,12 %
Trung bnh mi nm t trng dch v nhp khNu tng cao hn so vi dch v xut
khNu l: 8,24%. Tc ny tng i nhanh nn cn c bin php o ngc tnh
hung, xut khNu pht trin hn nhp khNu.
Nm 2008, thi k ny cng ty ang trong giai on pht trin v h thng cc chi
nhnh ca Cng ty cha phn phi u nn lng hng xut nhp khNu bng ng hng
khng cn nhiu hn ch. Doanh thu ca dch v nhp khNu cao hn ca dch v xut
khNu. Dch v xut khNu chim 125,23 triu usd, chim 47.06 % . Trong , dch v nhp
khNu chim 140,89 triu usd, t trng : 52.94%.
Nm 2009, tng doanh thu ca cng ty l 305,900 USD th n nm 2010 tng
thm 29.830 USD tng ng vi 10% sau mt nm cng c ngnh ngh. Tuy hot
ng kinh doanh ca cng ty c pht trin nhng nhn chung vn cha pht huy ht kh
nng ca mnh, nguyn nhn ch yu l do cng ty mi ch tp trung vo th trng thnh
ph H Ch Minh m cha ch trng m rng th trng cc tnh. n nm 2009 tnh
hnh hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty tng cao hn so vi nm trc 20.750 USD, tng
trng gn 7%.
Cng ty t c mc tng trng nh trn l do cng ty m rng th trng,
nhn y thc qua cc tnh ln cn nh Bnh Dng, ng Nai, Long An v c s kt
hp cht ch hn t khu bt u n khu kt thc trong nghip v ca mnh, nhm gip
Trang 32
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
cho khch hng yn tm kinh doanh sn xut, hot ng kinh doanh c hiu qu cao nh
vo dch v linh hot v chu o.
Bn cnh , Cng ty cn tng cng cc hot ng th tc Hi Quan cho khch
hng. Lm th tc cc l hng door to door cho khch hng, c gng pht huy kh nng
ny. V th, lng khch hng ca Cng ty ngy mt tng thm. To thm nhiu vic lm
cho nhn vin giao nhn trong Cng Ty. Ngoi ra, cc nhn vin s c hc hi nhiu
kinh nghim hn cho cc trng hp thc t i vi cc mt hng khc nhau, ca cc
Cng ty khc nhau.T , ta s rt nhiu kinh nghim hn trong qu trnh lm vic v
p ng nhu cu khch hng ngy mt tt hn.
2.2 Thc trng dch v giao nhn hng ha xut nhp kh1u bng ng hng khng
ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn & vn chuyn Indo Trn.
2.2.1 Quy trnh giao nhn hng khng
2.2.1.1 i vi hng xut kh u
S 2.2: Quy trnh xut hng bng ng hng khng
Nhn
booking t
KH
t ch vi
hng hng
khng
Gi hawb
nhp cho
KH
Tin hnh
lp phiu
cn
a hng
vo kho
hng xut
Hon chnh
b chng t
km hng
Nhn MAWB
t hng hng
Thanh l t
khai
ng ph
lao v
Cn hng
khng
2.2.1.1.1 Nhn booking t khch hng

T khch hng trc tip
Thng thng, trong trng hp ny khch hng trc tip lin h thng vi b
phn chng t gi hng i. C th, trong lc lm vic cc nhn vin chng t v
Trang 33
Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
khch hng to c mi lin h thn thit, v th khi c hng gi i h s lin h vi

nhn vin chng t. Lc ny, nhn vin chng t s kim tra tt c cc chi ph cho l
hng : cc vn chuyn, chi ph lm hng, ph vn chuyn t kho ca khch hng n
sn bay, la chn hng hng khng theo yu cu ca khch hng hay ty theo mc gi
cc cao hay thp m t vn cho khchSau , bo cho khch. Nu khch xc nhn
ng tt c chi ph ny th s tip tc tin hnh.
T nhn vin sale ca Cng ty
i vi tt c cc Cng ty, u c mt i ng sale tm kim khch hng. Lc
ny, khch hng s lin h vi nhn vin kinh doanh tng lm vic vi mnh t
ch. Nhn vin kinh doanh s ghi li tt c thng tin lin quan n l hng: thi gian i,
ni n, s lng, loi hngNhn vin kinh doanh s tham kho tt c cc gi ca cc
hng m mnh ang lm vic. Sau , la chn ra hng c gi cc tt nht bo cho
khch hng.
Chng hn, khch hng mun gi hng i Nht Bn ( Sn bay Narita ), nu mun
i trc tip ( direct ) th c th i hng hng khng All Nippon Airways (NH), mt
khong 1 ngy. Nu Mun i chuyn ti th c th i hng hng khng Hn Quc
(Korean airline-KE), s c chuyn ti ti Hn Quc, thi gian i t 2~3 ngy. i vi
i direct, cc ph s t hn so vi i transit, v ty theo nhu cu ca khch hng m
chn cho ph hp.
T i l
y l nhng l hng ch nh. Ngi nhn hng t nc nhn hng s lin h vi
i l nc ( Bangkok, Singapore, ..) .Lc ny, nhn vin chng t s kim tra li
vi ngi gi hng Vit Nam xc nhn thng tin ng hay cha ? Nu thng tin
chnh xc th nhn vin chng t s cn c vo lch trnh v bng gi, ph ph c cp
nht trn trang web ton cu ca Cng ty v bo li cho khch. Sau , s tin hnh nh
bnh thng.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.1.1.2 t ch vi hng hng khng

Khi nhn c thng tin c l hng xut i, cc nhn vin chng t hay nhn vin
kinh doanh phi lin h vi nhn vin b phn hng ha t ch cho l hng ca
mnh. Nhn vin ITL phi cung cp cho nhn vin hng hng khng cc thng tin c lin
quan n l hng: tng khi lng, kch thc, tn hng, sn bay n, ngy i, iu kin
thanh ton, hng c bo qun vi nhit bao nhiu, hng bnh thng hay hng nguy
him Nhn vin hng hng khng s kim tra tt c cc thng tin ny xem c ph hp
hay khng? Hoc l vo ngy , my bay ca hng cn ch hay ht?...
Khi hng hng khng xc nhn v vic t ch ny, h s gi li cho nhn vin
ITL mt bn xc nhn (booking confirmation). Nhn vin ITL phi kim tra li cc thng
tin trn mt cch thn cNn thn trnh sai st hoc gy ra cc thit hi khc.
Trong vn chuyn bng hng khng, mi tnh, thnh ph c t mt m code
ring, V th khi kim tra booking , nhn vin chng t phi kim tra xem m code ni
n trong booking c phi l code ca ni m khch hng mun gi hng n hay khng?
Thng thng, tn nc thng c quy nh bng 2 k t (Vit Nam : VN), tn thnh
ph c quy nh bng 3 k t (TP. H Ch Minh: SGN). Vic th hin m code ng
rt quan trng. Nu lm sai c th hng s gi nhm ni n, khng n c ngi mua,
phi mt chi ph chuyn tr tr v, v vic ny ng ngha cng lm gim s uy tn ca
ITL i vi khch hng.
Khi nhn vin ITL c booking trong tay, ta phi gi li cho khch hng xem xt
li cc thng tin: ngy bay, s hiu chuyn bay, s MAWB, HAWB, gi ct mng
khch hng chuNn b ra hng cho kp gi. Thng thng, hng ha c ct trc 4 ting
gi chuyn bay khi hnh, cn chng t c ct trc 2 ting gi chuyn bay khi
hnh. Khch hng s xem xt ri a hng ra sn bay cho kp gi. Nhn vin giao nhn
ca ITL sn bay s n hng, kim tra hng, dn nhn, cn o hng, ng tin lao v
cho kho v thanh l t khai.
Sau y l v d v booking t ch ca khch hng Panko Vina Corp i Incheon
qua hng hng khng Korean airline
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
INDO-TRANS LOGISTICS
52 Truong Son St., Tan Binh Dist.,
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Tel : (848) 848 8567 (7 lines)
BOOKING NOTE
TO: Panko Vina Corp
Fax : (848) 848 8593 - 848 8570

Email : indo-trans@itlvn.com
TK
ATTN: Ms Lap,
We would like to book an air shipment via your esteem airlines with details as
follow:
1.Flight No
KE / 15 March
2.Destination: ICN
3.Commodity: Garment
4.Ctns/GW/VOL: 20 CTNS / 450 KGS / 2.0 CBM
5.RATE REQUEST: 2.49++ /+300 KGS
6.Freight term: PP BY ITL
Kindly confirm the above booking as soon as possible.
Thank you for your attention & confirmation.
2.2.1.1.3 Gi bill nhp (draft house airway bil) cho khch hng
Thng trc khi ra hng, khch hng s gi commercial invoice & packing list
cho nhn vin chng t. Nhn vin chng t s cn c vo nhng chng t ny lm
bill nhp. Sauk hi lm xong, s gi li cho khch hng kim tra cc thng tin nh:
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
ngi gi hng (shipper), ngi nhn hng (consignee), m t hng ha, ni i, ni

n,s kinNu khng c g sai st, khch hng s gi li xc nhn cho vic s dng
bill nhp ny nh bill chnh. Lc cn hng sn bay xong, nhn vin giao nhn ca ITL
s bo li cho nhn vin chng t s k thc t. Theo , nhn vin chng t s s k
thc t no vo bill v gi li cho khch hng.
2.2.1.1.4 Tin hnh lp phiu cn
Nhn vin giao nhn n kho hng xut (TCS/SCSC) xin t phiu hng dn gi
hng (Phiu cn) ghi cc thng tin lm hng.
Nhn vin giao nhn em phiu hng dn gi hng v cng ty cho nhn vin
b phn chng t hng khng tin hnh lp phiu cn hng vi y chi tit trn t
phiu hng dn gi hng nh sau:
Ngi gi (Tn/ a ch/ S in thoi): Thng tin i l gi hng s c th
hin ti phn ngi gi hng trn Master.
n v cung cp dch v (Tn/ a ch/ M s thu): y l thng tin kho hng
TCS/SCSC xut ha n ph lao v, lu kho (nu c) cho ngi ng tin ca l hng
xut. Trng hp l hng ny c nhiu khch hng, 1 Master nhng nhiu House th s
xut ha n ph lao v, lu kho (nu c) cho i l, lc ny phn ny s c th hin
bng ch NIL, sau i l s tin hnh xut ha n v thu ph lao v, lu kho (nu c)
cho tng khch hng. Trng hp ph lao v, lu kho (nu c) c xut ha n cho
khch hng th mc ny phi th hin y thng tin tn cng ty, a ch, m s thu
ca cng ty khch hng.
Ngi nhn (Tn/ a ch/ S in thoi):Thng tin i l nhn hng ti ni n s
c th hin ti phn ngi nhn hng trn Master.
S hiu chuyn bay/ ngy: Mc ny th hin chuyn bay, ngy khi hnh ca l
hng nh Booking confirmation ca hng hng khng xc nhn.
L trnh: Cc chng ni khi hng i t H Ch Minh n ni n cui cng.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
V d nh l hng c t ch i trc tip t H Ch Minh i n sn bay Narita

(Nht Bn) c th hin: SGN/NRT, nu t ch chuyn ti qua Incheon (Hn Quc) th
c th hin: SGN/ICN/NRT
Hnh thc thanh ton: Trng hp cng ty k hp ng vi hng hng khng,
cng ty s c thanh ton tin cc vn chuyn bng phng thc chuyn khon vo
cui thng th nhn vin chng t s nh du vo chuyn khon. Trng hp cng ty
vn cha c hp ng cho n cc vn chuyn vi hng hng khng, nhn vin chng t
nh du vo tin mt v tin hnh tnh ton s tin nhn vin OPS hin trng
chuNn b tin mt ng cho hng hng khng.
Chng loi hng: Nhn vin chng t s in chnh xc tn hng ha c xut i
phn ny.
Tng s kin : phn ny c th hin tng s kin hng trn Master airway bill,
1 Master airway bill c th gm nhiu House airway bill.
Sau ,nhn vin chng t hon chnh b chng t lm hng theo th t gm :
Phiu cn
Booking confirmation ca hng hng khng
House airway bill nhp ca l hng. Nu l hng c 1 MAWB, nhng c
nhiu Hawb th phi xut trnh tt c cc hawb .
2.2.1.1.5 a hng vo kho hng xut
Ti kho hng xut, nhn vin giao nhn lin h vi khch hng nhn b t khai
hi quan hon tt v mt th tc trnh cho hi quan gim st ti cng (nu l hng
c nim ch ca Hi Quan ni ng k). ng thi nhn vin giao nhn xut trnh t
phiu hng dn gi hng v 1 t Booking Note cho bo v TCS/SCSC hng c
vo kho hng xut. Nhn vin bo v cng kim tra ri k v ghi r vo t phiu hng
dn gi hng ngy, gi hng vo kho hng xut ca TCS/SCSC.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.1.1.6 Tin hnh kim tra hng v dn nhn trc khi lm th tc

Trc khi nhn hng v cht hng ln Dolley (cn gi l mm) hoc Pallet, nhn
vin giao nhn i chiu cc s hiu ghi trn kin hng nh Shipping Marks, s PO, s
Style, s carton kim tra xem hng c giao c ng nh tho thun gia khch
hng v cng ty hay khng.
Sau khi kim tra xong nhn vin giao nhn tin hnh dn nhn hng khng v
nhn ca i l ln cc kin hng sau cht ln Dolley hoc Pallet.
a phn hng ca Cng ty l ca hng Nike, nn cn ch khi xut hng ca
khch hng ny. i vi kin hng ca hng Nike th nhn vin giao nhn phi dng
my scan scan cc m vch trn kin hng nhp vo h thng qun l ca Nike ti
cng ty.
Khi dn nhn ln trn hng, nhn vin giao nhn phighi y thng tin tren
nhn MAWB & Hawb, sau dn c nhn Mawb ca hng hng khng v nhn Hawb
ca ITL.
Mt s nhn ca hng hng khng v ca ITL:
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.1.1.7 Cn hng
Tip theo hng ho s c chuyn n khu vc cn hng. Ti y l hng s
c nhn vin giao nhn cng vi nhn vin cn hng (i din cho hng hng khng)
cn, o v ghi nhn trng lng thc t (Gross Weight) v trng lng c tnh theo th
tch (Dimension)
Cng thc dng tnh trng lng theo th tch nh sau:
Kch thc: ghi kch thc di, rng, cao ca kin hng, c bao nhiu kch thc
th ghi by nhiu.
Tng trng lng: s Kgs thc t cn sn bay
V d:
Mt l hng xut sang Hn Quc vi 4 kin v cc kch thc nh sau (n v
tnh: cm )
-
2 kin u c kch thc: 20x26x18
2 kin sau c kch thc: 35x28x40
Trng lng tnh cc s c tnh nh sau:

Trng lng = (20x26x18) x2/6000 + (35x28x40) x2/6000 = 8 kgs
S khi = 0.048cbm
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Cn v o hng xong nhn vin cn hng s so snh gia trng lng thc t v
trng lng c tnh theo th tch, nu trng lng no ln hn s c tnh lm trng
lng tnh cc (Chargeable Weight). Theo quy nh ca cc hng hng khng, nu
gross weight di 45 kg th vn tnh 45kg trong phn tnh cc. Sau , nhn vin cn
hng ca hng hng khng k tn vo t phiu hng dn gi hng, nhn vin cn hng
ny s gi li 1 t phiu hng dn gi hng mu vng cng vi Booking Note.
Ti y nhn vin giao nhn c th bo s liu thc t cn o vi nhn vin cn
hng v cho nhn vin chng t hon thnh b h s, cng cc chng t khc c lin
quan gi km theo b chng t theo hng khch hng nhn hng.
2.2.1.1.8 ng ph lao v
Ph lao v ny ch ng i vi mt s hng hng khng khng bao gm ph lao
v trong gi cc nh: Singapore Airline, Philippine Airline
Nu hng ho c book ch qua cc hng hng khng ny th nhn vin giao
nhn n b phn k ton ca TCS/SCSC v giao cho nhn vin k ton TCS/SCSC b
phiu hng dn gi hng ng ph lao v. Ti y, nhn vin k ton ln ho n,
thu tin, v gi li lin mu hng, ng thi giao lin mu vng cng booking note cho
b phn Loading ca kho hng sn bay TCS/SCSC sau my soi. Nhn vin giao nhn ly
li 2 lin mu trng v vng cng vi ho n ng ph lao v. Ph lao v c tnh
theo trng lng (Gross Weight) ca l hng, vi gi cc l 400VN / 1kg, ti thiu l
43000VND cha bao gm thu gi tr gia tng.
2.2.1.1.9 Thanh l t khai
Nhn vin giao nhn n phng Hi Quan gim st ca sn bay thanh l t khai
hi quan. Ti y, nhn vin giao nhn ghi r vo t khai (i vi hng m t khai ti hi
quan sn bay Tn Sn Nht) hoc bin bn bn giao chuyn ca khNu (i vi hng xut
chuyn ca khNu) tng s kin thc xut, loi hng, trng lng theo t khai, s Master
airway bill, s hiu chuyn bay v ngy bay.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Nhn vin Hi Quan gim st sau khi kim tra s kin, trng lng trn t khai so
vi thc t trn phiu hng dn gi hng mu xanh th k v ng du vo phiu hng
dn gi hng ny ri giao li cho nhn vin giao nhn. n y th l hng hon tt
th tc hi quan ti sn bay.
Khu tip theo l th tc soi chiu an ninh l qu trnh kim tra li tng th hng
ho trc khi hng ho ln my bay. Nu hng phi hun trng th phi ng du hun
trng trc khi a vo soi.
n b phn an ninh TCS/SCSC, nhn vin giao nhn trnh t phiu hng dn
gi hng mu xanh c ng du ca Hi Quan gim st cho nhn vin an ninh xin
cho l hng c qua my soi chiu.
Nhn vin an ninh tip nhn, k nhy v ghi r ngy gi vo t phiu hng dn
gi hng mu xanh. Tip theo nhn vin giao nhn chuyn l hng n my soi nhn
vin bc xp a qua my soi, sau cm t phiu hng dn gi hng mu xanh n
bn Tip Nhn Soi Chiu An Ninh a cho nhn vin an ninh ti y nhn vin ny
nhp s liu vo my.
Khi l hng soi chiu xong, nhn vin an ninh s ng du xc nhn hng
qua soi chiu vo t phiu hng dn gi hng mu xanh. y l ranh gii trch nhim
gia i l vi hng hng khng, n y i l mi ht trch nhim v hng ho ca
mnh.
Nhn vin giao nhn n phng Tip Nhn Soi Chiu An Ninh nhn li phiu
hng dn gi hng mu xanh v lu vo h s phng giao nhn.
2.2.1.1.10 Nhn Master airway bill t hng hng khng
ng ph lao v xong, nhn vin giao nhn cm t phiu hng dn gi hng mu
trng v mt t Booking Note n hng hng khng xin cp Master airway bill. Ti
y nhn vin nh bill ca hng hng khng s cn c vo cc chi tit ghi trn t
phiu hng dn gi hng nh Master airway bill. nh xong nhn vin nh Bill k
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
tn vo t Bill v a cho nhn vin giao nhn. Nhn vin giao nhn i chiu li cc s
liu trn Master airway bill v phiu hng dn gi hng xem c trng khp khng v k
vo t Bill, sau nhn hai t Bill: mt bn chnh v mt bn copy, ri a tt c cc t
Bill cn li cho nhn vin nh Bill cng vi t phiu hng dn gi hng mu trng.
2.2.1.1.11 Hon chnh b chng t i km hng
Sau khi c MAWB & b chng t gc ( hawb, invoice, packing list, manifest) ,
nhn vin giao nhn kim tra lai ln na cc thng tin xem c khp vi nhau hay khng
gi km theo hng cho ngi nhn hng c th lm th tc nhn hng. Ring v hawb,
i l bn nc xut hng s gi li lin mu xanh , trng lu h s. Cn lin mu ,
vng, trng s a nhn vin giao nhn gi km theo hng. Hawb gi km theo hng phi
l hawb gc. cn invoice, packing list th c th gi bn gc hay bn copy. Thng
thng, cc chng t invoice, packilng, C/Ongi gi hng s chuyn pht nhanh trc
tip n cho ngi nhn hng trnh tht lc v ngi nhn hng c th lm th tc
nhn hng.
2.2.1.2 i vi hng nhp kh u
S 2.3: Quy trnh nhp hng bng ng hng khng
Nhn chng
t t i l
nc ngoi
Lm D/O &
gi GBHD
cho KH
Quyt ton v
tr h s cho
KH
Km tra tnh
trng hng
v
Giao hng
cho KH
X l cc s
c c lin
quan
Kim tra hng &

nhn t khai
thng quan
Hon thnh
b y quyn
Lm th tc
Hi quan &
nhn hng
2.2.1.2.1 Nhn chng t t i l nc ngoi

Khi i l nc ngoi hon thnh th tc ti sn bay, h s gi cho nhn vin
chng t ca ITL bang email mt b chng t ( pre-alert ) bao gm: Mawb, hawb,
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
invoice, packing list, manifest, lch chuyn bay, Debit note ( nu nhng l hng bn
theo gi FOB, cc thu H Ch Minh)
Khi nhn c cc thng tin ny, nhn vin chng t phi kim tra s mawb, s
hawb, s kin, s kg, tn v a ch khch hng trn cc chng t c khp vi nhau hay
khng ? Nu khng khp, phi bo li vi i l chnh sa kp thi.
-
i vi tn v a ch ngi nhn hng trn Hawb, nhn vin giao nhn phi gi
cho khch hng xc nhn tn v a ch chnh xc hay cha. Trnh trng
hp , l a ch c hay khng ng.
i vi tn v a ch ngi nhn trn Mawb ( tc l ITL ), nhn vin chng t

phi kim tra thng tin ca ITL mt cch chnh xc trnh trng hp sai tn
hay a ch th nhn vin kho hng s khng tch chng t cho i l, gy tr ngi
cho vic nhn hng.
Nu l hng c 1 Mawb, nhng c nhiu Hawb, nhn vin chng t phi cng tt
c cc s kin v tng trng lng ca mi hawb c ng vi s trn Mawb hay
khng ?
V mt im m nhn vin chng t cn kim tra k l phng thc thanh ton

ca l hng. Cc c tr trc (Freight pre-paid) hay tr sau (Freight collect),
hng c giao theo iu kin giao hng no ? (CIF, Ex-works hay FOB?...)
Kim tra thng tin d kin hng v thng trn webside ca cc hng hng khng
hay ca i l:
http://cargotracking.utopiax.org
http://www.trackload.com
www.cosmoair.com
2.2.1.2.2 Lm D/O v gi giy bo hng n cho khch hng

Khi nhn vin chng t kim tra thng tin hng v chnh xc kho TCS/SCSC,
nhn vin chng t tin hnh nhp d liu vo h thng lm giy y quyn, thng bo
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
hng n, v cc d liu cn thit khcNhn vin chng t kim tra hng v kho bng
cch truy cp vo webside hay in thoi trc tip ca kho:
Kho TCS: www.tcs.com.vn , in thoi: 08-38486489 ( ext: 123 )
Kho SCSC: www.scsc.vn , in thoi: 08-39976930 ( ext: 7722/7726)
Cc thng tin trong giy bo hng n c gi cho khch hng bao gm:
Tn v a ch Ngi gi hng
Tn v a ch Ngi nhn hng: Thng tin ny cn chnh xc khch hng kim
tra xem c sai st g khng ? Nu c, tin hnh chnh sa kp thi kp tin
lm th tc v ly hng.
S Mawb
S Hawb
S kin
S kg
Tn hng: thng trn hawb th hin c th tn hng nn khi lm giy bo c
th as the bill, khch hng yu cu th nhn vin chng t s gi km hawb
vi giy bo.
Ngy i
Ngy n
Ni i
Ni n. Cn phi th hin chnh xc trn giy bo hng v kho no, khch
hng ln t khai cho ng. Nu bo sai, khch hng s ln t khai sai, sau , phi
mt thi gian chnh sa.
Bn thng bo (nu c)
Cc ph phi tr khi ly lnh
Cc giy t xut trnh khi nhn lnh
Ta c th thy thng tin ca l hng nhp trn webside TCS ca i l ITL nh
sau. vo c ti khon ca i l cn phi c tn ngi s dng v mt khNu.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Hnh 2.1: Thng tin hng nhp trn webside TCS ca i l Indo Trn
2.2.1.2.3 Kim tra tnh trng hng v

Khi hng v n kho, nhn vin chng t cn kim tra hng v c bnh thng hay
khng khch hng c th nhn hng. Nu hng bnh thng th khch hng c th ly
hng. Nu pht sinh cc s c nh: sai tn v a ch ngi nhn hng trn hawb, sai tn
ngi nhn trn Mawb, hng v thiu hay khng , trn hawb khng th hin s kin
hay s mawb, sai tn hng, sai phng thc thanh ton hay hng khng c nhn th
phi lin h li vi kh x l kp thi, nhanh chng khch ly hng. Nu chm
tr s dn n hng b lu kho.
2.2.1.2.4 X l nhng s c c lin quan n l hng
Nh cc s c xy ra trn, mi s c cn phi c cc cng vn v cch x l
khc nhau.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Chnh sa thng tin trn Master airway bill

Chng t hng nhp khNu bng ng hng khng s c i km cng vi hng
ha, khi ngi nhn (i l) trn Master Airway bill khng trng khp vi ngi nhn
hng trn Master Airway bill c ng k trc vi TCS/SCSC, hoc sai bt k
chi tit no trn Master nh cc ct prepaid nhng li th hin sai ct collect th lc
ny TCS/SCSC s khng tch House cho khch nhn hng, h thng ca TCS/SCSC s
kha l hng ny li khng cho khch lm th tc nhn hng.Hng s trong tnh trng
hng cha iu kin giao.
Khi , i l s tin hnh cc bc sau:
-
Thng bo cho i l gi hng v tnh hnh b sai chi tit trn Master nn
khch hng ti ni n khng th tin hnh th tc nhn hng. i l gi
hng c trch nhim yu cu hng vn chuyn gi in chnh sa thng tin
ngi nhn hng, cc n hng vn chuyn ti ni n v kho hng sn
bay TCS/SCSC.
ng thi, thng bo cho hng vn chuyn ti H Ch Minh v vic sai

thng tin trn Master v yu cu hng vn chuyn lin h vi hng ca h
ti ni gi hng kim tra v xc nhn thng tin chnh sa Master n
TCS/SCSC.
Sau khi nhn c in chnh sa t hng hng khng, TCS/SCSC tin

hnh chnh sa thng tin trn Master gc (bn original 2- for consignee) v
m kha h thng khch hng c th lm th tc nhn hng. Lc ny,
hng tnh trng hng sn sng giao.
Chnh sa thng tin trn house airway bill

Khi khch hng c yu cu chnh sa cc chi tit trn House nh ngi gi hng
(shipper), ngi nhn hng (consignee), tn hng ha (commodity), nhn vin chng t
hng nhp phi lm mt b cng vn hon chnh yu cu chnh sa chi tit trn House
gc.
B cng vn chnh sa House gm c:
-
Cng vn yu cu TCS/SCSC chnh sa thng tin trn House Airway bill
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
in yu cu chnh sa House t nc ngoi, c ng du i l
in yu cu chnh sa House (bn dch ting vit), c ng du i l
bn House Airway bill copy, c ng du i l
House Airway bill gc (bn original 2-for consignee)
u tin b cng vn ny s c xut trnh cho Hi quan gim st kho. Ngi

Hi quan ny s xem xt h s, tra trn web ca kho TCS. Khi thy b h s hp l, nhn
vin Hi quan s k tn trn cng vn. Sau , nhn vin giao nhn s trnh b cng vn
ny ti Quy s 11 ( i vi kho TCS ), quy thng tin ( i vi kho SCSC ) , Phng lm
th tc hng nhp nhn vin tip nhn ca kho c th tin hnh chnh sa trc tip
trn House gc . Sau khi hon thnh, TCS /SCSC s tr li House gc chnh sa cho
i l v thu ph chnh sa. Ph chnh sa hin ti l 47,300VND ( bao gm VAT) cho
1 ln chnh sa, sau i l c th giao cho khch hng tin hnh th tc nhn hng.
Trong trng hp, tng s kg trn hawb khng khp vi trn Mawb hay hng v
khng ng nh thc t th i l phi tin hnh chnh tng trng lng trn hawb hay
cn li hng. u tin, nhn vin ca ITL phi lin h vi kho, chuNn b cng vn em
qua quy s 10 lm th tc cn li hng. Lc , kho s tin hnh lin h vi hng
hng khng v cn li hng theo yu ca ca khch. Thng, qu trnh ny mt khong 1
tun. Sau khi chnh xong, nhn vin ca kho s bo li hng hng khng chnh s kg
trn Mawb, v kho s chnh trn hawb cho khch. Lc , s kg thc t bao nhiu th
khch s lm th tc vi trng lng .
Ph cho mi ln chnh l 43,000vnd (cha bao gm VAT). S kg cn li tng hay
gim s c tnh vo tin tch hawb cho i l.
Mc gi thng thng : 7.250vnd 1kg (cha bao gm VAT)
Mc gi ti thiu: 43.000vnd/ hawb (cha bao gm VAT)
Mc gi ti a: 145.000vnd/hawb (cha bao gm VAT)
Dn nhn cc kin hng khng c nhn
Trng hp hng v nhng khng c nhn Master, nhn House trn kin hng ,
TCS/SCSC yu cu hng hng khng, i l phi dn li nhn Master, House trn thng
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
hng. Hng hng khng chu trch nhim dn nhn Master, i l phi lm Cng vn np
TCS/SCSC dn nhn House trn thng hng. Trng hp c nhn trn thng hng
nhng b sai s Master, s House so vi trn bill, TCS/SCSC cng yu cu i l, hng
hng khng dn li nhn trn thng hng.
B cng vn dn li nhn House trn thng hng bao gm:
-
Cng vn yu cu TCS/SCSC dn li nhn House trn thng hng
in yu cu dn li nhn t nc ngoi
in yu cu dn li nhn trn thng hng (bn dch ting vit)
1 Master copy, c ng du i l
1House copy, c ng du i l
Master Airway bill gc (bn original 2-for consignee)
Nhn dn trn thng hng (s lng nhn ph thuc vo s kin hng)
B cng vn ny s c xut trnh ti quy 11, Phng lm th tc hng nhp

TCS k nhn ln cng vn, sau i l em cng vn ny xut trnh cho Hi quan gim
st kho hi quan gim st kim tra v k xc nhn ng cho dn li nhn l hng
trn, hi quan gim st kho s gi li 1 b cng vn copy. Khi , mang b cng vn
cng nhn hng ha n kho hng nhp, nhn vin kho hng TCS/SCSC s kim tra v tr
hng v dn nhn cho thng hng, nhn vin kho hng k xc nhn ln cng vn
dn nhn cho l hng trn. Lc ny, mang b cng vn ln li quy 11 ng ph dn
li nhn cho l hng v khch hng c th nhn hng bnh thng.
Gi ti thiu mi ln dn nhn l: 43.000vnd (cha bao gm VAT)
Gi phc v: 2.180vnd/ kin
B sung chng t trong trng hp hng v chng t khng c hay b tht
lc
Trng hp hng v b mt b chng t i km hng ha, TCS/SCSC s gi in
thng bo n hng khng v vic b mt b chng t i km hng ha. Hng hng
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
khng s tin hnh b sung Master Airway bill, sau i l tin hnh lm cng vn b
sung House Airway bill, Manifest khch nhn hng.
B cng vn b sung House Airway bill gc, manifest bao gm:
-
Cng vn yu cu TCS/SCSC b sung House gc, manifest cho l hng
in yu cu b sung House gc, manifest t i l nc ngoi
in yu cu b sung House gc, manifest (bn dch bng ting vit)
1 House copy, c ng du i l
1 Manifest c ng du i l
B cng vn ny s c xut trnh ti quy 11, Phng lm th tc hng nhp

TCS k nhn ln cng vn, sau i l em cng vn ny xut trnh cho Hi quan gim
st hi quan chp nhn b sung House gc, manifest. Sau ,TCS s tip nhn b cng
vn ny v tin hnh b sung House gc, manifest, tch House cho i l, kim tra hng
thc t so vi chng t v lc ny khch hng c th tin hnh lm th tc nhn hng.
Nu hng v khng c bt k chng t g th khi b sung s khng mt ph, nhng
nu c km theo hawb copy nhng khng bn gc th khi b sung bn gc s mt ph:
43.000vnd/ ln (cha bao gm VAT)
2.2.1.2.5 Hon thnh b y quyn giao cho khch hng
Khi hng ha ti kho hng sn bay iu kin hng sn sng giao, nhn vin
chng t tin hnh hon chnh b chng t giao lnh cho khch hng.
B chng t bao gm:
Giy y quyn v vic i l y quyn lm th tc, ng ph v nhn hng
ti kho hng sn bay.
1 House copy, c ng du i l
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Cc chng t i km: Commercial invoice (ha n thng mi), Packing

list (bng lit k chi tit hng ha), Certificate of origin
2.2.1.2.6 Lm th tc Hi quan v nhn hng ti kho hng
Thng thng, i l ch giao lnh cho khch hng. i vi trng hp lm theo
iu kin DDU/DDP hay khch hng yu cu i l lm th tc th nhn vin giao nhn
ca ITL s tin hnh khai hi quan.
Sau khi hon thnh t khai,snhn vin giao nhn hin trng s tin hng sang kho
hng sn bay TCS/SCSC lm th tc nhn hng.
Nhn vin giao nhn xut trnh s House airway bill ca l hng ti quy bc s,
nhn vin TCS/SCSC tin hnh kim tra tnh trng l hng trn h thng c tnh
trng hng sn sng giao, khi nhn vin TCS/SCSC mi cho s th t cho l hng;
trng hp l hng tnh trng hng cha iu kin giao, nhn vin TCS/SCSC
yu cu khch hng lin h vi i l c hng gii quyt x l nhng s c, sai st
trn chng t v hng ha, sau khi chnh sa hon tt nhng s c ny mi c th tin
hnh nhn hng bnh thng.
c im ca hng nhp bng ng hng khng l thi hn min lu kho rt t,
hng ch c min lu kho 3 ngy k t khi hng v, bao gm ngy lm th tc, khng
min th by, ch nht v p dng cho hng bnh thng. Cc loi hng nh hng nguy
him (Dangerous goods), hng lnh (coldroom), hng gi tr cao (value goods) th khng
c min ph lu kho, bng gi lu kho c p dng nh bn di:
Gi lu kho loi hng c bit
Hng qu him
Min lu kho trong vng 6 gi t lc tip nhn hoc t khi my bay p
Khng min lu kho ngy ch nht, ngy l, v ngy pht hng
Tin lu kho s c tnh theo ngy dng lch
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Gi lu kho (Kg/ngy)
5,500
Gi ti thiu (Ngy)
900,000
Hng cha trong kho lnh

Khng min lu kho k t khi hng c yu cu kho lnh
Tin lu kho s c tnh theo ngy (24gi/ngy)
Gi lu kho i vi hng nhp khNu
(Kg/ngy)
1,300
Gi lu kho i vi hng xut khNu
(Kg/ngy)
1,300
Gi lu kho ti thiu
(Ngy)
220,000
Hng ng vt sng
i vi hng nhp khNu: khng min ph lu kho cho ngy chuyn bay n, khng
min lu kho vo ngy ch nht, ngy l v ngy pht hng
i vi hng xut khNu: khng tnh lu kho cho ngy tip nhn hng, ngy ch
nht, ngy l v ngy hng ho c gi ch chuyn bay
Gi lu kho (Kg/ngy)
Gi lu kho ti thiu
1,100
(Ngy)
500,000
Hng v kh, cht n

i vi hng nhp khNu: khng min lu kho cho ngy hng n, khng min lu
kho vo ngy ch nht, ngy l v ngy pht hng
i vi hng xut khNu: khng min lu kho cho ngy tip nhn hng, ngy ch
Trang 52
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn

Gi lu kho (Kg/ngy)
Gi lu kho ti thiu
3,600
(Ngy)
900,000
Hng nguy him

i vi hng nhp khNu: khng min lu kho cho ngy hng n, khng min lu
kho vo ngy ch nht, ngy l v ngy pht hng
i vi hng xut khNu: khng min lu kho cho ngy tip nhn hng, ngy ch
Gi lu kho (Kg/ngy)
Gi lu kho ti thiu
1,820
(Ngy)
90,000
Hng c gi tr cao
i vi hng xut khNu: min lu kho cho ngy tip nhn hng v ngy hng ho
c gi ch chuyn bay, khng min lu kho ngy ch nht, ngy l, Tt
Gi lu kho (Kg/ngy)
Gi lu kho ti thiu
1,620
(Ngy)
210,000
Khi n lt s th t, nhn vin giao nhn xut trnh cc giy t sau ti quy lm
th tc ng tin lao v, lu kho (nu c) cho kho hng:
Giy gii thiu ca cng ty
Giy y quyn v vic nhn hng ca i l
Chng minh nhn dn ca ngi nhn hng ( trong trng hp l hng c nhn )
Trang 53
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
TCS/SCSC s gi li 1 bn giy gi thiu, giy y quyn nhn hng ca i l v

tin hnh xut ha n, phiu xut kho cho khch hng thu tin.
2.2.1.2.7 Kim tra hng v nhn t khai thng quan ti Hi quan gim st kho
Sau khi nhn c ha n v phiu xut kho t quy lm th tc ca kho hng
sn bay, nhn vin giao nhn tin hnh n kho cha hng TCS/SCSC xut trnh phiu
xut kho v House airway bill gc ca l hng cho nhn vin gim st kho hng ti
TCS/SCSC. Nhn vin gim st kho hng TCS/SCSC k nhn, ng du tn v ghi ngy
thng pht hng ln trn House airway bill gc. Nhn vin TCS/SCSC tin hnh ko hng
ra cho nhn vin giao nhn. Nhn vin giao nhn xut trnh t khai v House airway bill
gc cho Hi quan gim st kho ti cng kho hng nhp sn bay.
Trng hp hng c min kim, Hi quan gim st kho tin hnh k tn v
ng du cng chc hi quan ln t khai, sau tr t khai v cho nhn vin giao nhn
a hng v kho ring cng ty.
Trng hp hng kim ha ti sn bay, Hi quan gim st tin hnh m hng ra
kim tra v i chiu xem hng ha thc t nhp v c chnh xc nh khai bo trn t
khai hay khng. Nu ng gia thc t hng ha v hng ha c khai bo, t khai
c n hn thu hoc hng c min thu th Hi quan tin hnh ng du thng
quan v cho nhn vin giao nhn a hng v kho. Nu hng bt buc phi ng thu
ngay hoc m t khai phi mu dch, sau khi kim ha xong nhn vin giao nhn tin hng
np thu, sau mi c mang hng v kho khi hng c thng quan.
Trng hp cng ty xin a hng v a im ngoi khu vc Thnh ph H Ch
Minh, chng hn a hng v hi quan khu cng nghip Vit Nam- Singapore II kim
ha, nhn vin Hi quan tin hnh nim phong l hng v cho php nhn vin giao nhn
a hng v kim ha sau khi nhn vin giao nhn xut trnh Bin bn bn giao v
vic kim ha hng di l cho hi quan sn bay Tn Sn Nht. Ti a im kim ha di
l, hi quan s kim ha hng v k xc nhn hng kim ha, c thng quan.
Trang 54
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.1.2.8 Giao hng cho khch

Sau khi nhn hng t kho, nhn vin giao nhn s lin h vi khch hng kim
tra thi gian v a im giao hng. Nu hai bn xc nh th ngi giao nhn thu
phng tin vn ti ch hng n a im qui nh. Ti y, ngi li xe ti s a
mt t k nhn cho ngi nhn l hng ny. Sau , v a li cho nhn vin giao nhn
lu h s.
2.2.1.2.9 Quyt ton chi ph v lu h s.
Sau khi hon thnh vic giao hng, nhn vin lm th tc l ny tin hnh tnh
cc chi ph pht sinh thanh ton li vi Cng ty. Ton b chng t ca l hng s
c ph mi chng t mt bn li lm h s lu. Thi gian lu chng t thng l 2
nm lm bng chng khi c bt k khiu ni g t pha khch hng. Sau thi gian ,
Cng ty s thanh l tt c giy t ny.
2.2.2 Thc trng kinh doanh giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn v
vn chuyn Indo Trn
Tri qua gn 13 nm k t khi mi thnh lp, hin nay ITL c mt ch ng
vng trong ngnh kinh doanh giao nhn, c bit l trong giao nhn hng khng. Trong
khong thi gian nay, Cng ty tri qua nhiu thng trm. Hin nay, Cng ty c mt
lng khch hng n nh, v c nhng thun li v kh khn ring.
Trang 55
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.2.1 Tc tng trng

Bng 2.2: Tc tng trng ca giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty thi k 2008-2012
VT: Triu USD, %
Nm
Ga tr
2008
2009
2010
11,077
420,950
20,626,550
35
38
49
Tc tng
trng
2011
2012
1,051,954,050 5,785,747,000
51
55
Ngun: Phng K ton

th 2.2:
Tc tng trng ca giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty thi k 2008-2012
Tc TT
60
50
40
30
Tc TT
20
10
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nhn xt:
Theo thi gian t lc thnh lp n khi i vo hot ng v pht trin nh hm
nay, tc tng trng ca giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty cng c phn pht trin
theo.
Trang 56
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Tc tng trng 2008 l 35%, n nm 2009 mc ny tng ln 38%, chim

0.92% trong tng t trng tng trng. Mc ny tng khng ng k. Tuy thi gian
Cng ty thnh lp gn 8 nm, nhng vo hin ti mc pht trin ca ngnh hng
khng cha cao, nn tnh hnh mng ny ca cng ty cng c phn hn ch. n nm
2011, tc tng trng ln 51%, ngha l chim 0.69% tng t trng so vi nm 2008.
Giai on ny, tuy giao nhn hng khng pht trin nhng b nh hng ca cuc
khng hong kinh t nn s gia tng b gim, nh hng n tnh hnh kinh doanh ca
Cng ty ni ring v ngnh giao nhn hng khng ni chung. Vo 2012, tc tng
trng l 55%, tng 4% so vi 2011. y cng l mt khi sc ng mng cho giao
nhn hng khng ti Cng ty.
2.2.2.2 C cu dch v hng ha
Bng 2.3: C cu dch v hng ha
VT: Triu USD
Tng
Nm
doanh
thu
Cc nhp kh1u
Doanh
thu
T
trng
(%)
Cc xut kh1u
Doanh
thu
T
trng
(%)
Dch v giao nhn

xut nhp kh1u
Doanh
thu
T
trng
(%)
2008
300,6
105,4
35.06
100,1
33.3
95,1
31.64
2009
506,1
300,3
59.34
108,9
21.52
96,9
19.14
2010
921,3
668,7
72.58
108,9
11.82
143,7
15.6
2011
1056,5
746,1
70.62
147,5
13.96
162,9
15.42
2012
1204.2
852,8
70.82
173,5
14.41
177,9
14.78
Ngun: Phng K Ton
Trang 57
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
th 2.3: C cu dch v hng ha
900
800
700
600
500
Cc Nhp Khu
400
Cc Xut Khu
DVGN XNK
300
200
100
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nhn xt:
Qua bng s liu v biu , ta thy rng c cu ny phn nh ng tnh hnh
kinh doanh hin nay ca cng ty l ch yu pht trin mnh v bn cc hng nhp
khNu.
Doanh thu ca cc xut khNu, cc nhp khNu, dch v giao nhn xut nhp
khNu tng trung bnh trong 5 nm:
Cc nhp khNu: (105,4 + 300,3 + 668,7 + 746,1 + 852,8)/5 = 480,66
Cc xut khNu: (100,1 + 108,9 + 108,9 + 147,5 + 173,5)/5 = 127,78
Dch v xut nhp khNu: (95,1 + 96,9 + 143,7 + 162,9 + 177,9)/5 = 106,1
Theo tnh ton trn, ta c th nhn thy mc tng trung bnh trong 5 nm qua ca
dch v bn cc nhp khNu l cao nht vi 480,66 triu USD mi nm, k n l dch
v bn cc xut khNu vi 127,78 triu USD, v cui cng l dch v xut nhp khNu
vi 106,1 triu USD. Kh nng sale hng i vi cc nhn vin kinh doanh cc chi
Trang 58
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
nhnh nc ngoi mnh hn H Ch Minh rt nhiu. H c kh nng tt, mi quan h

nhiu hn i vi hng nhp v Vit Nam. Bn cnh , c th dch v lm th tc cho
khch hng ca Cng ty cn cha tt, chua thu ht c di do mt lng ln khch
hng, nn mc tng doanh thu trung bnh so vi 2 mng kia ca dch v xut nhp khNu
khim tn hn nhiu.
Doanh thu tng dch v qua cc nm u tng, nm 2008 c cu cc dch v ca
cng ty cha th hin s chnh lch ng k: cc nhp khNu, cc xut khNu v dch
v giao nhn c doanh thu tng ng nhau. Tuy nhin, cc nhp khNu vn c doanh
thu cao hn, th hin ng th mnh ca cng ty l thin v cc nhp khNu. ng k
nht l doanh thu cc nhp khNu t nm 2009 n 2010 tng 368,4 triu ng (t
300,3 triu ln 668,7 triu ng) t t trng trn tng doanh thu l 72,58%, v nm
2010 tng kh co sovi nm 2008 l 563,3 triu ng. Nhng t nm 2010 n 2011
mc tng doanh thu cc nhp khNu li c du hiu chng li khi mc tng ch t 77,4
triu ng khin t trng gim xung cn 70,62%. Sang nm 2012, tuy th trng trong
nc v th gii ang b khng hong nhng doanh thu v cc ca cng ty vn tng,
tuy nhin s ny khng ng k. V doanh thu cc xut khNu : trong hai nm 2009 v
2010 vn gi mc 108,9 triu ng nhng khng tng nhiu so vi 2008. Tuy nhin, v
t trng li c s thay i kh ln t 33,3% nm 2008 xung 21,52% nm 2009 v t
21,52% nm 2009 gim xung cn 11,82% nm 2010 (s thay i ny l do trong nm
doanh thu cc nhp khNu tng mnh), nm 2011 doanh thu cc xut khNu t 147,5
triu tng 38,6 triu v t trng t 13,96%, nm 2012 doanh thu cc xut khNu t
173,5, y l du hiu ng mng cho thy cng ty tng bc m rng quy m lnh
vc bn cc xut khNu hng ha. Ring doanh thu dch v giao nhn xut nhp khNu
tuy v t trng c chiu hng gim dn (do s thay i tht thng ca doanh thu
cc nhp khNu v xut khNu) nhng v s tuyt i li c mc tng kh n nh t
95,1 triu (2008) tng ln 96,9 triu (nm 2009), ln 143,7 triu (nm 2010) v nm
2011 & 2012 t ln lt l 162,96 triu ng v 177,9 triu ng. iu ny chng t
dch v giao nhn v thng quan hng ha cng ty ang dn c khch hng tn
nhim..
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
2.2.2.3 Th trng giao nhn

Bng 2.4: C cu th trng giao nhn
VT: Triu USD, %
2008
2009
T
Th
Doanh
trng
thu
Chu
165,9
40.54
393,6
Chu u
123,3
30.13
Chu M
76,5
Chu c
2011
Doanh
Doanh
thu
trng
thu
48.25
420,2
47.02
492,5
177,5
21.76
199,6
22.00
18.70
141,6
17.36
168,4
43,5
10.63
79,1
9.70
Chu Phi
23,9
Tng
409,2
100
815,7
trng
Doanh
2010
thu
2012
T
Doanh
thu
trng
48.79
510,8
47.93
200,2
19.83
208,7
19.58
18.85
175,6
17.40
190,6
17.88
90,3
10.10
112,6
11.16
125,5
11.77
2.93
18,1
2.03
28,5
2.82
30,2
2.84
100
893,6
100
1009,4
100
1065,8
100
trng
trng
Ngun: Phng K ton

th 2.4: C cu th trng giao nhn
600
500
400
2008
2009
300
2010
2011
200
2012
100
0
chau phi
chau uc
chau my
chau au
chau a
Trang 60
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Nhn xt:
ITL c h thng rng ri khp th gii nn c nhiu mi lin h rng ln nn
cng ty d dng thit lp quan h rng khp vi nhiu i l trn th gii. iu ny
gip cho cng ty c mt th trng cc vn ti kh ton din, c bit trong hai
nm gn y l th trng kh mi m - Chu Phi. Nm 2010 doanh thu t th trng
cc Chu Phi l 23,9 triu ng t 2,93% trn tng doanh thu. Sang nm 2011, doanh
thu t th trng ny gim xung cn 18,1 triu ng do nhng bt n ca nn kinh
t th gii vo nhng nm 2010 - 2011 tc ng su sc ti th trng ny. Ty nhin,
vo nm 2012 doanh thu ca th trng ny li c cht bin chuyn theo chiu hng i
ln. Nhn trn bng biu v biu ta thy doanh thu cc xut nhp khNu t cc nc
Chu l nhiu nht v tng mnh nht c bit l t Hn Quc, Trung Quc, Hng
Kng, Singapore. S d nh vy l do cc khch hng ca cng ty ch yu nhp hng t
cc nc Chu v nhp vi s lng tng i ln, hng chuyn phc v cho du
kh, cn hng gp nn vn chuyn bng ng hng khng cho kp tin cng vic.
Cng ty c mi lin h lm n thn thit vi cc Cng ty i tc Singapore nn c
lng hng xut khNu ln nhp khNu n nh. Nhng l hng nhp t cc Chu lc khc
th ch yu l hng Sea v hng air vi s lng khng nhiu. Nhn chung, doanh thu t
cc th trng tng rt nhanh trong giai on 2009-2010 nhng giai on t 2010-2012
li tng kh chm.
Trong thi gian ti bn cnh vic duy tr s pht trin th trng cc t Chu ,
cng ty vn c gng tm kim cc khch hng c nhu cu nhp khNu, xut khNu t cc
th trng ln nh M, CanadaNgoi ra vic xy dng kho hng ring v mua
phng tin vn chuyn cng ang c cng ty xem xt v c gng ln k hoch trong
thi gian sm nht nng tnh cnh tranh ca cng ty trong lnh vc bn cc xut
khNu v dch v giao nhn v p ng tt nht cc nhu cu ca khch hng.
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2.2.2.4 C cu ngnh hng

Bng 2.5: C cu ngnh hng ti Cng ty trong giai on 2008-2012
VT: Triu USD, %
Nm
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Mt
Ga
Ga
Ga
Ga
Ga
hng
tr
trng
tr
trng
tr
Trng
tr
trng
tr
trng
Nike
415
58.2
468
60
550
60.57
670
69.07
620
60.1
Khc
298
41.8
312
40
358
39.43
300
30.93
412
39.9
Tng
713
100
780
100
908
100
970
100
1032
100
Ngun: Phng k ton

th 2.5: C cu ngnh hng ti Cng ty trong giai on 2008-2012
80
70
60
50
40
Nike
30
Khc
20
10
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nhn xt:
Mt hng ch yu ca cng ty l hng ch nh ca hng Nike, nhn chung
qua 5 nm mt hng ny chim t trng rt ln, nm 2011 chim n 69.07%. y
l mt hng em li ngun li nhun ch yu cho cng ty v mi chuyn hng u
mang li li nhun rt cao. V cng ty Indo-Trn c chin lc gi cnh tranh so
vi cc cng ty forwarder khc trn ton cu v dch v lm hng tt, to c s
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tn nhim ca Nike.Tuy nhin, n nm 2012 Nike bt u phn chia hng cho

cc forwarder khc cng thc hin dch v vn chuyn hng Nike cho cc th
trng khc nhau c gi cnh tranh v gim thiu ri roc ho Nike. Do vy, t
trng hng Nike ca nm 2012 c gim so vi nm 2011 v iu tt yu l cng ty
cn tm thm nhiu mt hng na ngoi mt hng ch nh em li li nhun
nhiu hn, gim thiu ri ro khi hng ch nh Nike b mt i. V th, t trng cc
mt hng khc ca Cng ty tng thm c cht t.
2.2.2.5 Cc dch v trong giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty
Bng 2.6: T trng cc dch v giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012
VT: Triu USD, %
Nm
Dch v
Khai hi
quan
Bn
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tr
Tr
Tr
Tr
Tr
gi
trng
gi
trng
gi
trng
gi
trng
gi
trng
73,85
21.1
105,81 39.76 155,2 50.74
106,15 29.79 167,09 36.07
96,02
36.08 102,8 33.61 182,05 54.23
Trucking
64,29
24.16
47,9
15.65
79,83
24.67
82,15
23.06
98,07
21.18
Tng
266,12
100
305,9
100
335,73
100
356,3
100
463,19
100
cc
168
47.15 198,03 42.75
Ngun: Phng k ton
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th 2.6:
T trng cc dch v giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty giai on 2008-2012

60
50
40
KHQ
30
BC
TRUCKING
20
10
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nhn xt:
T trng khai hi quan tng trung bnh trong 5 nm:
(39.76 + 50.74 + 21.1 + 29.79 + 36.07)/5 = 35.49
Mi nm, t trng cho mng khai hi quan tng khong 35.49%
T trng bn cc tng bnh qun trong 5 nm:
(36.08 + 33.61 + 54.23 + 47.15 + 42.75)/5 = 42.76
Trung bnh , mi nm mng bn cc XNK tng 42.76%
T trng dch v trucking tng bnh qun trong 5 nm:
(24.16 + 15.65 + 24.67 + 23.06 + 21.18)/5 = 21.75
Trung bnh mi nm, dch v trucking tng 21.75%
Nh trn, ta c th thy trong 3 dch v ny ca giao nhn hng khng th dch v
bn cc tng u v cao nht, vi t l tng mi nm l 42.76%, tip theo l dch v
khai hi quan vi 35.49% v cui cng l dch v trucking vi 21.75%. C s chnh
lch nh trn l do, v phn cc xut nhp khNu, cng ty c quan h tt vi cc hng
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hng khng nn c th ly c cc mc gi cc thp, tha mn nhu cu cho tng

khch hng. Cn v dch v trucking, c th cha t t l cao v i xe ca Cng ty
cn hn ch. Cng ty cha c mt i ng xe chuyn nghip chuyn phc v cho cc l
hng cc tnh xa. Khi c cc l hng nh th, Cng ty phi thu dch v xe ti ngoi
tt nhiu. Nn doanh thu kim c cho dch v ny vn l mt con s khim tn.
Bn cnh , dch v khai hi quan cho khch hng vn chim t l bnh thng. T
trng dch v khai hi quan nm 2008 l 39.76%, n 2012 cn ln 36.07% . T l tng
ny tng i thp, khch hng ca Cng ty c lm dch v Hi quan khng nhiu.
i th tc hi quan cn cha quen vi vic lm th tc cho cc mt hng mi nn
lng khch hng khng tng thm nhiu.
2.2.3 nh gi thc trng giao nhn hng khng ti Cng ty c phn giao nhn v
vn chuyn Indo Trn
Nhn chung, tnh hnh giao nhn trong giai on 2011- nay ti Cng ty c
im tng khch hng, c th tip thu nhy bn cc thng tin t khch hnh gip qu
trnh m t khai n khu nhn hng c tin hnh nhanh chng.
im mnh
Cng ty c i ng nhn vin tr, giu nhit huyt, kh nng tip thu v x
l tnh hung mt cch nhanh chng. Trnh ngoi ng cao nn c nhiu
kh nng giao tip vi khch hng nc ngoi, mang li ngun li cao hn
cho Cng ty.
V tr Cng ty ti ng Trng Sn, gn vi c kho hng TCS/SCSC v
sn bay nn qu trnh nhn hng v x l cc tnh hung cp bch c rt
ngn thi gian.
Cng ty ra nhng chnh sch thch hp cho nhn vin v ch lng
bng v cc ch u i khc, to ng lc cho nhn vin lm vic ht
mnh v Cng ty.
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Mng li ca Cng ty c phn b rng ri khp ton cu, nn khi c s

c xy ra cc nc lin quan c th h tr nhau x l, gim chi ph pht
sinh.
C mi quan h thn thit vi cc hng hng khng v cc i l khc nn
thng xuyn nhn c cc gi cc u i t cc hng hng khng, em
li ch cho doanh nghip nhiu hn v khch hng tin tng vo dch v
ca Cng ty hn.
im yu
Cha c i ng xe ti vi khi lng ln. i vi nhng ln vn chuyn
hng ha vi khi lng ln, Cng ty phi thu bn ngoi, gim doanh
thu ca Cng ty xung.
i ng chuyn v th tc Hi quan cn yu. Ch quen vi cc loi hnh v
mt hng thng thng. Khi gp cc mt hng mi, h c t tng khng
lm c, nhiu khi lm mt nhiu khch hng tim nng, lm gim doanh
thu ca Cng ty.
Cng ty cha c h thng kho bi lu tr hng ha. Khi lm th tc
xong nhng cha hoc khng th giao hng ngay cho khch, nhn vin giao
nhn phi thu cc kho ln cn. V th chi ph tng thm i cht v li
nhun cng ty b gim xung.
Hin ti, i ng sale Cng ty ch ch trng vo vic tm kim hng xut
khNu m b qun tm khch hng nhp cng nh hng ni a. Nu ch
trng hai mng ny, dch v ca cng ty s c hon thin hn v tnh
hnh doanh thu ca Cng ty s gia tng ng k
Mi trng php l trong nc lun thay i cng nh hng ln ti kinh
doanh giao nhn ni chung v kinh doanh hng khng ti Cng ty ni
ring. Cc cng ty cung ng dch v giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu
phi tun theo nhng nguyn tc quy nh trong lut php Vit Nam cng
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nh trong cc o lut c ban hnh. Theo tin , kh nng cng ty

khng vi phm cc iu lut cao v trnh c cc tn tht cho Cng ty.
Mi trng lm vic thn thin nhng a s nhn vin tr nn khi gp rc
ri thng khng gii quyt ch ng c.
Tnh hnh chnh tr trn th gii ngy cng c chiu hng din ra nhng s
c bin chuyn khng lng e do cho cc hot ng kinh doanh xut
nhp khNu dn n nghip v giao nhn hng khng ca ngnh giao nhn
hng khng ni chung v ca Cng ty ni ring cng b nh hng theo.
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KT LUN CHNG 2
Qua chng 2, ta nhn thy phn no quy trnh xut, nhp hng bng ng
hng khng ti Cng ty Indo Trn. Trong mi quy trnh c nhng c im, c th ring
nhng u cn phi c nhng nt c bn thc hin quy trnh . thc hin tt quy
trnh xut nhp khNu, cc nhn vin mi b phn phi lin kt vi nhau cng vic
c tin hnh thun li, p ng nhu cu cao nht cho khch hng. Ngoi ra, trong
chng ny ta cng nhn thy t nhiu thc trng ti Cng ty. Trong , c nhng im
mnh, im yu ring bit, c th c nhng yu t ch quan, i khi li do cc yu t
khch quan tc ng, nhng cc yu t ny lun tc ng vi nhau to mt s hi ha.
Bn cnh , trong chng 2 cng th hin cc nt c bn v qu trnh xut nhp khNu
bng ng hng khng ti Cng ty. V thi gian c hn, nn cc yu t c cp n
trong bi ny l cc iu kin c bn khi lm xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng. T
quy trnh ny, ta c th nhn thy cc yu t cn tn ng trong vic pht trin xut nhp
khNu bng ng hng khng ti ITL. Bn cnh cc yu t tt cng km theo cc mt
xu. Tuy nhin, ton nhn vin cng ty ang c gng to s pht trin mi v bn
vng cho Cng ty.
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CHNG 3
GII PHP Y MNH KINH DOANH DNCH V GIAO NHN
HNG HA XUT NHP KHU BNG NG HNG
KHNG TI CNG TY C PHN GIAO NHN & VN
CHUYN INDO TRN
3.1 C s, quan im xut gii php
3.1.1 C s xut gii php
3.1.1.1 C s vt cht
Hin ti, Cng ty ch c xe ti loi nh, khng th p ng vic chuyn ch cho
nhng l hng ln. Bn cnh , sc ch ca xe ti ny khng th p ng nhu
cu ca khch hng. Nhiu khi dn n tnh trng giao hng tr
V vn kho, th hin ti Cng ty cha c xy dng mt kho chuyn d tr
hng ca khch hng. Nu hng cha kp giao cho khch th phi thu kho ngoi,
chi ph cao hn v mt thi gian hn. V th nn xy dng mt kho va sc d tr
khi lng hng trung bnh l cn thit.
H thng my tnh ca Cng ty c, hot ng khng nhy, mt nhiu thi gian
x l, nh hng n vic lm th tc cho khch hng. V th cn nng cp h
thng ny hot ng tt hn.
Ngoi ra, vic x l chng t nhiu cho nhiu khch hng, cc my mc: my in,
my fax, my photocopy hin nay cng cn t. Cha p ng nhanh chng
nhn vin c th phc v khch hng mt cch tt nht. V th, cn b sung thm
cc loi ny.
Ngoi ra, vn phng Cng ty cn nh, nn vic lu h s rt kh khn v khng
c ch trng
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3.1.1.2 Ngun nhn lc

Cc nhn vin c tuyn vo khng phi tt c u tt nghip t chuyn ngnh
xut nhp khNu nn vn nm bt khi mi bt tay vo cng vic c hi kh khn.
Trnh ngoi ng ca nhn vin cn hn ch. Ch c mt s t ngi c th ni,
vit trc tip vi ngi nc ngoi mt cch thnh tho. iu ny, cng nh
hng n cch nh gi ca khch hng, c bit l khch hng nc ngoi.
Thi phc v khch hng ca nhn vin cn ty thuc qu nhiu vo cm tnh.
Nhiu khi gp vn rc ri trong chuyn ngoi cuc sng, th khng th chuyn
tm phc v khch hng, thm ch c khi cn cu gt vi khch hng.
3.1.1.3 H thng thng tin v qun l
Vic lin lc v gii quyt cng vic gia cc phng ban khi s dng h thng
phn mm cn nhiu bt cp. Cc thng tin cha th xuyn sut trong sut qu
trnh lm th tc giao nhn hng ha.
H thng phn mm ca Cng ty nhiu ch khng cn ng vi thc t, hi rc
ri, lm cho nhn vin mt nhiu thi gian x l.
Cc thng tin trn trang web ca Cng ty v hng ha, th tc cn nhiu thiu st
nn khng th p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng khi tra trn mng.
3.1.1.4 Ga thnh
Khch hng thng xuyn yu cu nhn vin Cng ty bo gi cc i cc nc
khc nhau, v th cc nhn vin sale v ngay c cc nhn vin chng t phi nm
r gi cc trong khu vc m mnh ph trch bo gi cho khch hng mt cch
nhanh chng, gi r, hp vi yu cu ca khch hng.
i vi nhng l door to door, b phn th tc Hi quan cn nm vng cc loi
hnh khai bo, chi ph cho mi trng hp ra sao, ph gao hng n mi a im
nh th no bo gi cho khch.
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i vi cc kho hng hay hng hng khng, h s cho gi u i i vi cc khch

hng thn thit to mi lin h lm n lu di. Cng ty phi a ra chnh sch
hng cc u i ny t cc bn , v cho gi tt cho khch hng.
3.1.1.5 Th trng hng ha
Bn cnh nhng th trng hin c, to tnh n nh trong hot ng kinh doanh
v trnh nh hng ca bin ng th trng, cng ty nn tm cc bin php m
rng hot ng ca dch v giao nhn hng khng ra th trng nc ngoi b
p v thay th khi nhng th trng c b mt i.
C nhiu th trng hot ng cng lc, cng ty s c kh nng hp dn nhiu
khch hng hn.
3.1.1.6 Ngun vn
Hin nay, ngun vn ca cng ty tng i khng nhiu v tn ng n cc i
vi cc khch hng ln. S lng ny rt ln. i khi gy kh khn cho cng ty
khi phi u t vo th trng mi cng nh nng cp c s vt cht.
Chnh sch vn hin ti ca Cng ty l xoay vng vn. Chu trnh ny nhiu khi
khng kp gy ra tnh trng x l hng ha chm. Vn ny xy ra tuy khng
thng xuyn nhng cng thnh thong, i khi lm gim nim tin cho khch
hng.
V vn hn ch nn chnh sch tng lng cho nhn vin hng nm ph thuc
nhiu vo kh nng ti chnh ca Cng ty vo cui nm. Cng ty khng ch ng
trong vn ny, i khi lm gim tinh thn lm vic ca nhn vin v mc lng
khng xng vi s cng vic m h phi lm.
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3.1.2 Quan im khi xut gii php

3.1.2.1 C s vt cht
Khi cng ty c mt i ng xe ti ln, chuyn vn chuyn hng ha ti tt c cc
ni trong ton quc vi tc nhanh v m bo an ton cao th s m bo lng
khch hng tin tng s dng dch v ca Cng ty ngy mt tng.
Mt khi cng ty c kho ring th vic lu tr mt s hng ha khi hon
thnh th tc hi quan, nhng cn vi rc ri vi khch hng m cha kp giao c
th c linh hot x l. Cng ty khng phi thu kho ngoi, mt thm mt
khong chi ph khng cn thit.
mi trng lm vic no chng ta cng thy, khi c c s vt cht tt, y
tin nghi th nhn vin mi c kh nng pht huy ht kh nng, cng hin ht mnh
cho cng vic. Khi h thng my tnh ca Cng ty c nng cp, sc chy s
nhanh hn, ci t cc phn mm khai hi quan mt cch tin li. Nhn vin s
thoi mi lm vic khi khng phi ch i qu lu v s chm tr khi my tnh
khi ng v hot ng.
Bn cnh , khi s dng cc cng c khc nh: my in, my fax, my
photocopym chng hot ng tt, khng gp bt c trc trc no th to iu
kin cho cng vic ca mi nhn vin c hon thnh nhanh chng, tinh thn lm
vic thoi mi hn.
3.1.2.2 Ngun nhn lc
Vic kt hp tinh thn ham hc hi vi c nhiu kinh nghim thc t s to ra
nhng nhn vin gii, c kh nng x l cao cc s c thng gp v gii quyt
vn mt cch trit , to c lng tin cho khch hng.
Nu c thi gian tuyn nhn vin th bn nhn s nn tuyn cc nhn vin
thuc cc chuyn ngnh c lien quan. V d sao khi hc h tip xc trn l
thuc, bit s v cc mt c lien quan. Khi vo lm vic vi mi trng thc t h
s hc nhanh, t mt thi gian hn i vi nhng ngi thuc chuyn ngnh khc.
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Khi cc nhn vin c th t tin , thoi mi giao tip bng ting anh vi ngi
nc ngoi th s thun tin hon cho cng vic v cc i l nc ngoi s thch
lm vic vi Cng ty chng ta hn. Nu c nh th, lng hng xut ln nhp
s gia tng v doanh thu ca Cng ty cng s tng theo.
Trong qu trnh lm vic, khch hng cm thy thi phc v ca nhn vin
nhit tnh, thoi mi, vui v vi h th h s c n tng vi chng ta, thch hp
tc vi chng ta trong tng lai hn.
3.1.2.3 H thng thng tin v qun l
Khi s dng phn mm m cc thng tin truyn t phng chng t, qua phong k
ton hay n cc phng ban c lin quan khc mt cch nhanh chng th vic truy
cp cp nht thng tin s c x l nhanh, to nn mt quy trnh linh hot,
khng cn tr cng vic ca bt k phng ban no.
H thng phn mm ca cng ty c hot ng t khi cng ty mi bt u
hot ng, nn nay h thng ny nu c nng cp hay thay th bng ci mi ph
hp vi hin nay hn th s gim bt thi gian cho cc nhn vin khi nhp liu, x
l cc s c c gii quyt nhanh chng hn.
Khi xm nhp vo mt th trng hng ha mi, nhn vin cng ty phi tht am
hiu lut vn ti ti ni nu c xy ra tranh chp g th c th bo v cng ty
thot khi cc tnh hung ny.
Nu trang web ca Cng ty c cp nht y thng tin v hng ha: ngy i,
ngy n, tnh trng hng haKhch hng khi s dng s d dng tra cu, cp
nht thng tin v l hng ca mnh cng nh tm hiu thm v cc dch v khc.
Nh th, s khng lm mt thi gian khch hng phi gi in ti Cng ty hi
v tng mng, lm mt thi gian ca khch hng ln nhn vin.
3.1.2.4 Gi thnh
Khi khch hng cn bo gi hng xut hay nhp t ni no n ni no, nu nhn
vin nm vng v c th cung cp cho khch hng mt cch tt nht, gi u i
nht th khch hng s cm thy hi lng, thch lm vic lu di hn vi cng ty.
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Cng nh bo gi cc cho nhng l hng xut hay nhp, iu kin ny cng

tng t vi i th tc hi quan v cc ph door to door, trucking
C chnh sch chm sc vi cc hng hng khng c c gi cc u i v
u tin i vi nhng l hng gp hay khi lng ln l mt vic ht sc cn thit.
3.1.2.5 Th trng hng ha.
Cng ty cng c nhiu th trng lun chuyn hng ha l vic ht sc cn
thit. Khi th trng ny c vn th th trng kia s hot ng cao hn, m
bo ngun thu ca Cng ty khng b nh hng v lng hng ha xut nhp c
n nh.
Khi cng ty c nhiu dch v n cc th trng khc nhau, khch hng s d dng
la chon. H khng phi mt cng tm kim cc dch v khc khi cng ty p ng
y cc nhu cu m khch hng cn.
3.1.2.6 Ngun vn
Cng ty cn c mt lng vn d tr dng vo cc vic cp bch khi khng th
xoay vng vn kp thi. iu ny lm gim ri roc ho vn ti chnh ca Cng
ty v khng lm nh hng n uy tn ca cng ty trong lng khch hng.
3.2 Cc gii php
3.2.1 Gii php nng cp c s vt cht
3.2.1.1 Mc tiu gii php
Nng cp c s vt cht gip cho qu trnh lm vic ca nhn vin c y tin
nghi, kh nng hon thnh cng vic c nhanh chng.
To tinh thn thoi mi cho nhn vin khi h lm vic trong mi trng rt thun
li, p ng cc yu cu ca nhn vin th nhn vin s thy gn b vi cng ty
hn v cng ty c nhng ch ph hp.
Nng cp c s vt cht cn chng minh kh nng chuyn nghip ca cng ty so
vi cc cng ty khc.
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3.2.1.2 Cch thc thc hin

cho dch v giao nhn nhp khNu ngy cng pht trin, th trng ngy cng
m rng, nht thit phi c s u t thch ng cho c s h tng pht trin dch
v, iu ny th hin qua vic u t phng tin vn chuyn, m rng kho bi.
Trang b khong 5 my tnh chuyn dng cho vic khai hi quan to s nhy
bn khi khai. Ngoi ra, mi phng nn c mt my in, my fax, my scan ring.
Ring my photocopy th mi tng c th trang b mt ci thun tin cho vic i
li.
Vic u t pht trin phng tin chuyn ch s to tnh linh ng trong khu
vn chuyn v giao hng ng hn cho khch, ng thi gip cho hot ng giao
nhn hng ha din ra nhanh chng hn, thi gian lu kho gim xung gip cho
doanh nghip c th gim c cc khon chi ph cho hot ng kinh doanh ca
mnh v c th mang v mt ngun thu mi t vic cho thu phng tin vn ti
v dch v bc d hng ha. Hin ti cng ty ch c 2 xe ti nh loi 1 tn. Cng ty
cn mua thm 2 hay 3 xe ti loi 1,5-2 tn chuyn ch khi lng hng i cc
tnh min Bc.
Din tch kho bi cn c m rng v cng ngy hng ha lu kho cng nhiu,
cng ty cn c k hoch xy dng v m rng kho hng. Cng ty phi kim mt
nh kho gn Cng ty xung quanh khu vc sn bay thun tin vic lu tr hng
v xut hng khi gp s c.
Mi phng ban nn cha mt khong khng gian trng cha cc t g chuyn
dng cho vic lu h s, to iu kin cho vic tm kim d dng nu c bt k
pht sinh no. i vi cc chng t xut nhp khNu thi hn lu khong 2 nm,
cn i vi cc chng t k ton c lin quan th nn lu trong vng 5 nm. Sau
thi gian , nhn vin mi phng ban c nhim v lc li cc chng t ny
thanh l v lu cc chng t mi.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
3.2.1.3 D on kt qu
Khi cc phng tin chuyn ch p ng nhu cu ca khch hng l m bo giao
hng nhanh v an ton th khch hng tin tng dch v m bo s tng.
Kho bi ca cng ty khi c m rng s c th cha cc l hng gp, tit kim
chi ph thu ngoi, m bo an ton hng ha cho khch hng.
Khng gian lm vic ca cc phng ban c m rng th khng nhng vic lu
tr chng t c gii quyt d dng m tinh thn lm vic ca cc nhn vin
cng thoi mi hn
3.2.2 Gii php pht trin ngun nhn lc
Tm kim c i ng nhn vin gii, giu kinh nghim, kh nng giao tip
Ting Anh tt, trnh vi tnh cao , c kh nng gii quyt vn nhanh nhy..
To tinh thn lm vic ng i cho ton th nhn vin trong cng ty. Khi nhn
vin c hng cc ch u i, c thi gian vui chi v gii ta cc thc
mc trong cng vic . Nh th cc nhn vin s thoi mi vi nhau, gip nhau
trong cng vic, cnh tranh mt cch lnh mnh.
Khi c hng cc u i, nhn vin s dc ht sc lm vic cho cng ty.
Pht trin, m rng i ng nhn s c trnh chuyn mn bng cch tuyn dng
v o to nhn vin c tc phong chuyn nghip, bit phi hp nhm, kh nng
thch ng vi s thay i. o to kin thc chuyn mn thng qua vic c nhn
vin i hc cc kha nng cao nghip v do VCCI t chc hoc tham d cc hi
tho chuyn ngnh logistics. Cp nht thng tin mi nht lin quan n cng vic
hoc chuyn ngnh nh quy nh mi v th tc Hi quan, cc iu kin Incoterms
2010
Nng cao k nng ngoi ng v k nng mm ca nhn vin bng cch h tr hoc
ti tr chi ph tham gia cc kha hc ngoi ng, kha hc v k nng nhm to ra
mt i ng nhn vin khng ch gii v chuyn mn v cn chuyn nghip v cc
k nng khc, p ng yu cu ngy cng cao ca khch hng. Bn cnh , cn
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
cn nhc ch lng bng cho ph hp, nu cn th nn k bn cam kt vi nhn

vin, trnh trng hp khi hc xong cc kha hc ny cc nhn vin mun ngh
vic qua cc ch lm vic mi c ch tt hn. Hoc bin php n gin
nhng mang li hiu qu cao l vo cc ngy th 2, 4, 6 ton th nhn vin trong
cc phng ban ca cng ty phi giao tip vi nhau bng ting Anh. Nu khng th
s b pht do cng ty ra.
Xy dng cc hot ng vui chi, gii tr nhm gim p lc trong cng vic, t
lm tng kh nng tp trung hon thnh tt cng vic ca nhn vin. Chng hn,
trung bnh mi nm cho nhn vin c Cng ty i du lch cng nhau t 1-2 ln to
s gn kt gia cc nhn vin cng nh gia sp vi nhn vin.
o to nhn vin c mt nn tng vng chc t lc mi bt u cng vic. To
cho h c thi quen v nh hng c cng vic ca mnh. ng thi, khi o
to nhn vin mi quen vi cng vic s gip tit kim thi gian, hn ch ti a
vic lng ph thi gian v sai st trong khu chng t, lm hng. V cng gip
khch hng cm thy hi lng d cho khi bt u lm vic vi ngi mi, mi
giao dch u phi tin hnh li t u.
Bn cnh , cng nn to iu kin cho cc nhn vin ang lm vic c th lun
chuyn v tr trong cc phong ban. To iu kin cho mi c nhn c th tip xc
vi nhiu mng cng vic, c thm cc k nng cng vic v x l cc tnh hung
khc nhau.
C chnh sch thng i vi cc nhn vin xut sc to hiu qu tt trong
cng vic. Chng hn nh nng bc lng, hay thng chc Bn cnh nhng vic
khen thng, cng ty cng cn c nhng bin php nhc nh, hay khin trch i
vi nhng ng vin khng hon thnh tt cng vic. Nhng khi thc hin vic ,
lnh o phi thc hin vi thi xy dng, gip nhn vin, ch khng phi
l thi ght b h.
3.2.2.3 D on kt qu
Ch khi no thc hin c nhng vic x pht cn bng i vi mi nhn vin th
nhng nhn vin yu km chu tip nhn nhng li nhc nh, ph bnh v thy
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
c nhng khuyt im ca mnh khc phc. V h s c nhng biu hin kh

hn nhng thng sau. Bn cnh , cc nhn vin xut sc s c ng lc hn
hon thnh cng vic tt hn na.
Khi cng ty c mt i ng nhn vin nhit tnh, giu nhit huyt, ham hc hi ,
tinh thn ng i cao v c nhiu kinh nghim th vic x l cc vn rc ri s
c gii quyt nhanh chng, khng gy tn tht cho khch hng ln Cng ty.
Bn cnh cc cng vic p lc, khi nhn vin c sn chi gii tr ti cng ty th
gim bt p lc, cc nhn vin c iu kin tip xc vi nhau nhiu hn, thng
cm v hiu nhau hn, tnh on kt v th cng c nng cao hn.
Vic lun chuyn ca cc nhn vin gia cc phng ban s dn n kt qu rt tt.
Khi nhn vin ny c vic bn th cng khng lo s khng ai thay th, thay vo
cc nhn vin khc s gip v ngc li. iu ny lm cho tin cng vic
khng b tr hon, mi p lc c san s cho nhau.
3.2.3 Gii php nng cp h thng thng tin v qun l
Khi c c h thng phn mm hot ng nhanh chng, chng t s c x l
nhanh chng, cng vic c tin hnh thun li, gip nhn vin tit kim thi
gian. c bit, nhn vin khai hi quan s thun li hn trong vic khai bo khi
phn mm hi quan hot ng n nh.
S dng h thng mail chung gip cc trng b phn, cc nhn vin khc c th
d dng theo di cng vic ca nhau. Trnh c tnh trng rt chng t hoc
khng cp nht kp thi.
Mt h thng webside hon chnh v a chc nng gip cho khch hng c th tra
cu thng tin d dng, li tit kim thi gian tm kim thng tin cho c hai bn.
Nng cp phn mm s gip nhn vin khng phi nhp liu nhiu ln, li d dng
trong vic kim tra chng t.
M rng h thng phn mm khai Hi quan in t nhm h tr cng vic ca cc
nhn vin nhanh chng, ng thi hn.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Vic u t h thng thng tin cng gip cc doanh nghip gim chi ph, nng cao
hiu qu v nng sut. Cng ty cn c mt phn mm tt nht h tr cho vic nhp
liu c nhanh chng trong quy trnh giao nhn hng nhp khNu. Ngy nay vn
v cng ngh thng tin vn cha c cng ty u t ng mc nn cng cn
nhiu hn ch cn c ci thin hn na.
ng thi, cng ty nn xy dng mt h thng mail chung cho c mt b phn
(hng nhp, hng xut, phng k ton) cho Trng phng hoc Team leader
ca b phn c th theo di nhn vin lm vic nh th no cng nh x l cc
tnh hung mt cch nhanh chng hay nhc nh kp thi nhn vin khi c sai st
trnh b pht sinh chi ph hay gy mt nim tin ni khch hng.
Cng ty c Website nhng cha c quan tm v u t ng mc do kinh
ph cho qung co hn hp, mc khc website ny thuc cng ty m. y cng l
yu im ca hu ht cc doanh nghip Vit Nam. Website l phng tin qung
b rt hiu qu, phn nh b mt ca cng ty. V vy nhn vin IT thng xuyn
kim tra v cp nht thng tin ln trang web khch hng tm thy thng tin d
dng, c bit l khch hng nc ngoi.
Hin nay, khi khai Hi quan cn phi c cc chng ch do Tng cc Hi quan cp.
Cng ty cn c chnh sch h tr cc nhn vin bn b phn xut nhp khNu c
th theo hc v ly c bng ca cc kha hc ny, p ng cho vic khai hi
quan.
3.2.3.3 D on kt qu
Khi phn mm v x l chng t, ha n cng nh khai bo hi quan hot ng
n nh, t gp s c th mi cng vic lin quan n chng t, t khai c truyn
i mt cch nhanh chng. Khu ny hon thnh nhanh th vic ly hng v giao
cho khch cng kp tin , m bo s tin tng ca khch hng dnh cho dch
v. Khch hng s tin tng hp tc lu di trong tng lai.
Webside hon chnh v a chc nng th lng truy cp vo webside ca khch
hng s tng ln. C th, s lng khch tm n cng ty cng gia tng theo, v
doanh thu cng tng ln l iu tt yu.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Mail chung ca mi phng ban khi c lp ri s dn n kt qu kh kh quan.

Khi mt trong s cc nhn vin c vic gp phi ngh php th khch hng c vic
lin h vi nhn vin ngh php th s gi mail vo h thng mail chung. Cc nhn
vin trong phng s kim tra mail v gii quyt cc tnh hung pht sinh v cc
cng vic khc (nu cn). Khch hng cm thy s c phc v chu o, tn tnh
mi lc mi ni.
3.2.4 Gii php ci thin gi thnh
Trong thi im hin ti, cc cng ty ang c chin lc cnh tranh khc lit v
gi th thu ht c nhiu khch hng cng ty chng ta phi c mt mc gi
chung nht nh, khng qu cao so vi yu cu ca khch hng.
Ci thin gi thnh cng l mt cch xa bt cc chi phi khng hp l khc khi
a ra bng chi ph bo gi cho khch.
hng c cc chi ph u i t cc hng hng khng hoc cc kho hng,
Cng ty nn k cc hp ng di hn vi cc bn ny c hng u i. Tuy
nhin, vic k hp ng vi cc hng hng khng li khng n gin, cng ty bt
buc phi k qu cho cc hng hng khng m mnh mun k hp ng. Mc k
qu trung bnh l 30.000 USD. V vy phi nghin cu rt k lng v cht lng
phc v v quan trng nht l hng ha ca cng ty c thng xuyn i qua cc
hng hng khng ny khng, v nu k hp ng m c rt t hng i qua hng ny
th chng ta lng ph rt nhiu v tin, lm cho t l ng vn cao, khng th
lun chuyn vn v hiu qu s dng ng vn thp.
Hon thin chnh sch nh gi dch v. Khi cng ty thc hin tt chnh sch nh
gi dch v s gip gi tr ca cng ty tng cao v gi thnh ca cng ty gim
xung do nhn c nhiu u i t cc i tc ca mnh v gi c cng ty cung
cp cho khch hng ca mnh s mang tnh cnh tranh cao v hp dn khch hng.
Ty vo mi khch hng, mi nhu cu ring ca khch hng, ty vo mi quan h
than thit lm n lu di m mi khch hng nh th cng ty s c mt bng gi c
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
nh ring. Cng ty khng nn p dng chung gi i vi tt c cc khch hng,

nh ng nh th l khng cng bng i vi cc khch hng c s ng h hng
ha ln i vi cng ty. Nh i vi cc khch hng ln nh: Nike, petrolimex,
3Mch thu ph DO 15usd/l. Cn ph Hi quan ch thu 500.000vnd/ mi ln
khai.
3.2.4.3 D on kt qu
Khi p dng bng gi ring i vi tng khch hng, khch hng s cm thy hi
lng vi thi phc v ca Cng ty chng ta. H s cm thy h l khch hng
quan trong khi c s u i ln hn v gi khi gi hay nhp hng. iu ny to
iu kin cho lng hng a vo cng ty ta ngy mt nhiu hn.
Nu khch hng nhn c mt bng bo gi hp l, gim c cc chi ph khng
cn thit v bng hay khng cao so vi cc bn dch v khc th cng vi s lm
n lu di, ch phc v tt th khch hng chn dch v ca Cng ty chng ta l
iu tt nhin.
Khi k hp ng di hn i vi cc kho hng TCS/SCSC cng nh hng hng
khng, Cng ty s bt i mt khon phi chi lt nht cho vic tch hawb, hay ng
cc. S tin ny cng ty s dung vo cc vic khc. V thanh ton vo mi cui
thng cng thun tin hn cho phng k ton trong vic kim tra, thanh ton cho
cc bn ny.
3.2.5 M rng th trng hng ha
Tm kim nhiu ngun hng cc th trng khc nhau
Lm a dng ha th trng nhp khNu cng nh th trng xut khNu, cn bng
th trng xut nhp khNu nc ta.
Tp trung m rng th trng sang cc th trng tim nng, hp dn hn.Cho n
nay Indo-Trn vn ra kh nhiu th trng trn hu ht cc chu lc trn th
gii. Tuy nhin vn cn mt s th trng rt giu tim nng m Cng ty cha c
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
kh nng khai thc nh Mexico, Nam M, Trung ng. Mt phn l do s bt

n v chnh tr nn cng ty rt lo ngi khi bt tay hp tc vi cc nc Trung
ng, tuy nhin nu bit chn lc nhng i l ln mnh v uy tn ti th trng
ny khai thc th cng ty s thu c hiu qu cao.
Tp trung m rng th trng hin ti, tc l trong mi trng kinh doanh ,
tp trung a dng ho phm vi dch v ca cng ty thu ht c nhiu khch
hng t doanh thu hot ng cao hn nhm khai thc trit v gi vng th
trng hin c ca cng ty. Khi m rng th trng nh vy, nhn vin c th tip
xc vi nhiu th trng khc nhau, nng cao kinh nghim lm vic ca nhn vin
khi c s yu cu iu chnh t pha khch hng, nhn vin cng ty c th linh
hot ng ph vi nhng tnh hung pht sinh, gii quyt vn mt cch nhanh
chng.
B phn sale ca Cng ty nn c chnh sch sale hng i vi vi cc cng ty a
quc gia. Nh th, cc th trng xut nhp hng ha s gia tng v mt hng cng
c ci thin theo.
3.2.5 D on kt qu
Khi cng ty kim c cc cng ty a quc gia th uy tn cng nh doanh thu s
gia tng theo. Xm nhp vo cc th trng ca cc cng ty a quc gia ny s
gip cng ty kim thm c nhiu khch hng khc cng th trng ny.
Gip cho phn b ng u c cu mt hng cng nh c cu th trng trong
ngnh giao nhn hng khng ti Vit Nam.
C i l khp cc nc trn Th gii gip cho vic xut khNu ln nhp khNu
hng ca Cng ty c thun li hn.
3.2.6 Gii php v ngun vn
To ngun vn linh ng cho cng ty
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Gip cng ty c kh nng gii quyt cc vn cp bch khi ngun vn lun

chuyn chm.
C ngun vn m bo, uy tn ca cng ty cng bn vng theo.
i vi cc khch hng quan thuc m s tin cc n nhiu, cng ty cn quy
nh li s n khng c vt qu mt con s c th v phi c chnh sch tr n
cho khon ny nh k hai hay ba thng Cng ty c ngun vn n nh, tp
trung k hoch pht trin tt hn.
Nu ri vo tnh trng kh khn, Cng ty m phi h tr vn cho Cng ty con
qu trnh xut nhp khNu hng ha c m bo din ra lin tc, n nh, phc v
khch hng tt nht
V Cng ty Indo Trn l cng ty c phn nn s lng c ng cng nhiu. V th,
nhng lc kh khn v m bo ngun vn c linh hot, Cng ty cn c
chnh sch huy ng vn t cc thnh vin c kh nng trong Cng ty. iu ny
gp phn to nn s trung thnh ca nhn vin vi cng ty v cng ty c mt
ngun vn n nh.
3.2.6.3 D on kt qu
Mt khi vn n cc lu di ca khch hng c gii quyt th ngun vn c
nh ca cng ty s c gia tng, m bo cho cc chi ph khc c gii quyt
mt cch nhanh chng.
Ngun vn ca Cng ty khng b hn ch, nn cc vn v lng thng cho
nhn vin c m bo, to tinh thn lm vic cho mi ngi cng nh c khch
hng.
Cc thnh vin khi l c ng s chm lo cho quyn li ca cng ty nhiu hn v
quyn li ca cng ty cng chnh l quyn li ca h. Nn vn kinh doanh ca
cng ty c th s pht trin hon nh s hp tc ca tt c cc thnh vin.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
3.3 Kin ngh

3.3.1 Hon thin lut php v chnh sch
Nh nc cn tham gia son tho v ph chuNn cc cng c quc t v vic vn
chuyn giao nhn hng ha bng ng bin. u t c s h tng, ng s,
cng bin, cng sng, trnh ch tc giao thng thy v tng kh nng vn ti, ng
thi trang b tt cc phng tin xp d hin i cc im u mi vn chuyn
cng.
Cn sm hon chnh cc vn bn di lut v cc quy nh c lin quan n hot
ng giao nhn vn ti quc t. V gim tnh thi v trong vic giao nhn vn
chuyn hng ha. C chnh sch ph hp phn b lng hng ha cho tng
ma, tng thi gian cho ph hp. Trnh trng hp, tp trung qu nhiu hng vo
mt thi im gy ng nhiu hng ha. Nhng thi gian khc th lng hng t,
gy ra vic thiu hng ha nghim trong, nh hng n c cu xut nhp khNu
trong nc.
Nu Nh nc ci cch v i mi hot ng hi quan s to thun li cho hot
ng giao nhn, to tin lu thng hng ha quc t vo v ra lnh th Vit
Nam d dng nhm thc Ny nhanh chng tin trnh t do ha thng mi v
nhanh chng hi nhp Vit Nam vo cc nn kinh t quc t.
Bn cnh , nn gim cc th tc hnh chnh rm r thuc b phn Hi quan.
Rt ngn cc quy trinh to iu kin cho cc Doanh nghip hon thnh cng
vic mt cch d dng v nhanh chng. Trnh trng hp gp rc ri t pha cn
b Hi quan, do qu ch trng vo khu th tc hnh chnh.
3.3.2 u t, nng cp c s h tng phc v cng tc giao nhn
C s h tng ca vn ti, c bit l vn ti ng hng khng ca nc ta tuy c
sa cha b sung, trang b thm cc phng tin hin i nhng so vi trnh
ca cc nc trong khu vc th vn cn thp v cha p ng c nhng yu cu
i hi trc mt v lu di i vi ngnh giao nhn vn ti quc t nc ta. H
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
thng sn bay cc tnh cn qu nh, khng c sc cha i vi cc loi my bay

ln nn cng lm gim lng hng ha nhp hay xut i
Cc trang thit b phc v cho cng tc giao nhn hng ha ti sn bay cn t, cha
hin i rt ngn thi gian lm hng. V cha iu kin so vi quc t
nn vic lm hng phi qua nhiu khu rc ri, lm mt thi gian ca nhn vin
sn bay cng nh nhn vin cc Cng ty giao nhn.
Ngoi ra, to iu kin cc cng ty giao nhn pht huy kh nng m rng vn
u t thm trang thit b, phc v cho vic giao nhn hng bng ng hng
khng mt cch nhanh chng, cng l mt cch gip nng cao c s vt cht phc
v cng tc giao nhn cho t nc.
3.3.3 Hon thin chnh sch thu, tn dng
Hin nay, chnh sch thu i vi cc doanh nghip giao nhn vn ti ngoi mc
ch tng ngun thu vo Ngn sch Nh nc, chng tht thu thu m cn phi to
iu kin thun li khuyn khch cho cc doanh nghip. Trong bi cnh kinh t
hin nay, cc doanh nghip giao nhn vn ti quc t u cho rng cc loi thu
hin nay cn kh cao, v vy, Nh nc cn phi c mt s bin php hp l to
iu kin cho Doanh nghip pht trin.
i vi cc cng ty giao nhn trong nc, Nh nc cn c chnh sch u i nh
gim thu VAT hoc thu thu nhp vi mc u i s tng ng vi t l hng ha
ch bng phng tin trong nc m Cng ty t c hoc theo t l cc ph
chuyn ch.
i vi cc ch hng xut nhp khNu c gim thu VAT, thu thu nhp vi t
l gim ty thuc vo lng hng hay cc ph m h tr ch bng phng tin
trong nc
Thu nhp khNu mt s mt hng cn qu cao v m thu hng nhp khNu quy
nh vn cn thiu r rng, dn n tnh trng mt mt hng c th p nhiu mc
thu. Ngoi ra, gi ti thiu tnh thu vi mt s mt hng cng cha hp l .
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
Nh nc cn c bin php x l tha ng v bnh ng nu c quan hi quan p

sai m thu gy ra thit thi cho doanh nghip.
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LI KT
Theo cc phn tch trn, chng ta hiu r mt quy trinh xut v nhp hng ha bng
ng hng khng nh th no. Cc kh khn, thun li hin ti trong Cng ty Indo Trn
cng nh trong mi trng bn ngoi cng c cp n. Trong , vn cn nhiu
kh khn hn thun li. Tuy nhin, vi nhng s c gng, n lc ca cc n v hot
ng trong ngnh ny ni ring v nn Kinh t Vit Nam ni chung, ta tin tng rng n
nm 2020 nn kinh t ca Vit Nam s pht trin vt bc, c bit l ngnh logistics
ny.
Ngoi ra, cc chnh sch ca Nh nc cha hon thin cng phn no lm gim s pht
trin ca ngnh. Nhng vn lin quan n xut nhp khNu ni chung v lnh vc giao
nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu ni ring lun c nhng thay i trong ng li chnh
sch, th tc. Do lm tt c cng vic ny i hi nhn vin phi nm vng kin
thc v ngoi thng, cc vn lin quan n lnh vc xut nhp khNu t hp ng
ngoi thng n cc chnh sch th tc, lun bm st thc t cng vic, trao i kinh
nghim vi nhng nhn vin c thm nin c th hon thnh tt nhim v v mang
li hiu qu cao nht.
Cng vi qu trnh i mi, pht trin ca t nc, s ra i ca Cng ty C phn giao
nhn&vn chuyn Indo Trn l s u t ng n, p ng c nhu cu ca th
trng. Indo Trn cn phi n lc ht mnh vt qua nhng kh khn trc mt, pht
huy nhng tim nng tng bc nng cao v th v uy tn trn thng trng. Hy vng
trong tng lai, ban lnh o cng ty Indo Trn vi ti nng lnh o v tm nhn ca
mnh s pht trin cng ty mnh m v rng ln hn c v quy m v cht lng.
Sau thi gian thc tp v lm vic ti Cng ty Indo Trn, em bit c thc t cng
tc giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNp ti cng ty v hiu c tm quan trng ca cng
tc giao nhn. Qua bo co tt nghip ny, em trnh by nhng vn c bn v hot
ng giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng hng khng: hnh thc phc v,
cng tc chuNn b v qu trnh giao nhn hng ha ti cng ty cng nh ra mt s gii
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
php nhm hon thin hn quy trnh giao nhn hng ha xut nhp khNu bng ng
hng khng. Tuy nhin, v phm vi nghin cu v kin thc cn hn ch nn s khng
trnh khi nhng thiu st, knh mong cc thy c hng dn v gip thm em c
th tin b v m rng thm kin thc ca bn thn.
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GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
TI LIU THAM KHO

-
on Th Hng Vn, qun tr ngoi thng, trng i hc Kinh t TP.HCM,

NXB Lao ng x hi 2009.
on Th Hng Vn, Qun tr logistics, Nh xut bn Thng K 2006
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Website ca Hi quan www.customs.gov.com.vn
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Chuyn tt nghip
GVHD: Ths. H c Sn
PH LC
Hai mu phiu cn c s dng ti Kho SCSC/TCS
B chng t hng nhp khNu bng ng hng khng ca Cng ty Indo Trn
B chng t hng xut bng ng hng khng ca Cng ty Indo Trn.
Trang 90

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B TI CHNH

TRNG I HC TI CHNH MARKETING

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN

GIO VIN HNG DN: H C SN

Tp. H ch Minh, thng 05 nm 2013.

Sinh vin thc hin

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

DANH MC CC BNG S DNG

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

DANH SCH CC THN, S , HNH V

S 2.1: C cu nhn s ca Cng ty ti TP. H Ch Minh

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

Khi nim chung v giao nhn ......................................................................... 4

Nghip v giao nhn, ngi giao nhn ...................................................... 4

1.1.1.1 Nghip v giao nhn:................................................................................ 4

Phn loi giao nhn .................................................................................... 6

1.1.2.1 Theo phm vi hot ng ............................................................................ 6

Vai tr ca giao nhn.................................................................................. 8

Tnh hnh giao nhn hng khng ti Vit Nam ............................................... 9

Vai tr ca giao nhn hng khng ........................................................... 16

Cc nhn t nh hng n giao nhn hng khng ................................ 17

KT LUN CHNG 1............................................................................................. 22

2.1.2 Qa trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ............................................................... 23

3.1.1.2 Ngun nhn lc ........................................................................................ 70

3.2.5 M rng th trng hng ha........................................................................ 81

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

Phng php nghin cu

Nu nh ngha v hot ng giao nhn, c s php l, nguyn tc giao

Thc trng kinh doanh giao nhn ti Cng ty Indo Trn

nh gi thc trng kinh doanh ti Cng ty

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

C s, quan im ra cc gii php

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

1.1 Khi nim chung v giao nhn

Bit kt hp gia nhiu phung thc vn ti khc nhau.

Bit vn dng ti a dung tch, trng ti ca cc cng c vn ti nh dch

Bit kt hp gia vn ti - giao nhn - xut nhp khNu v lin h tt vi

SVTH: TRN THN T UYN LTDH7TM1

Nh xut nhp khNu c th s dng kho bi ca ngi giao nhn hay ca

Nh xut khNu gim c cc chi phi qun l hnh chnh, b my t chc

1.1.2 Phn loi giao nhn

u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, thch hp vn chuyn cho tt c cc

Giao nhn hng ha bng ng sng

u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, thch hp cho tt c cc loi hng ha,

Nhc im: ph thuc nhiu vo thin nhin, tc vn chuyn thp, th

Giao nhn hng ha bng ng hng khng

u im: khng ph thuc vo a hnh, khng phi u t xy dng c s

Nhc im: gi thnh vn ti cao, hn ch vn ti cc mt hng cng

Giao nhn hng ha bng ng b

u im: tnh linh hot cao, khng b l thuc vo ng x, bn bi; th

Nhc im: cc vn ti cao, vn chuyn trn qung ng ngn, ph

Giao nhn hng ha bng ng st

u im: nng lc vn chuyn ln, tc vn chuyn tng i cao, gi

Nhc im: u t c s h tng tn km, tnh u n km, b nh

Giao nhn hng ha bng ng ng

u im: tnh u n v n nh, tin cy v an ton cao