Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Chuion: , . . , <2 HAM SO LUY THUA—HAN Bail: LOY THUA-— CAC PHEP TINH VE LUY THUA VOLHAM SO TI — ua —_ SO MU VA HAM SO LOGARIT thite eo bin Goi « va b li nhiing sé thye duemg, sr vi y 1a ahiing s6 thye tay § © om ena8 ° eva = a ° fae roared © [u(x)) ° © Yast = Yan e o (va) =e" Néu a < Othi a” chi xéc dinh khi Vr € Z ua >lthia® >a" 3 — N&O a’ Ga Hai sé so sinh méi lin luot 1a VA. va YB. Tirdé so sinh A vaB => Kkét qua so sinh cia Va va Vo — Cong thie Iai kép: Goi A 1a s6 tidn gi, 18 Lai sudt mdi ki, Nla's6 ki => 6 tidn thu durge (cd vbn Kin ai) + Alar) li: @ = A(l +r) Bai tap dp dung Bai. Véi a,b Ii ede sé thye dung. Hay rit gon cdc biéu thie sau: y p= PE (10 : 10-*) — (0,25) 3 4) D=81" 5 6 Pao gt Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 “El + 137 (0,01) va (10) 157 (0,001) va Yoo 19/ 0,02 "va 50" Bai 3. So sanh hai s6 m,n néu; WV 3,2"< 3,2" si (W5-1 Bai 4 «(V5 1) } w (a1) <(o-1p “| 1a Nala g kot 8) gt es as? ato Wer ge 16/ P| _ oo) +90 ele Teel a ya oh af 2? val 41 (0,013) ' vat 1 [i afi) a aio abo 3 {3 1 {13 va 823 rw a® aah 14 5a 8™ 1 a sa (0,125) i as (AB)"> (dala («| w (Ba) (8a) 6 thé kétIugn gi v8 co sé anda: at (2a-+a)" > (2a+ay = 2 www mathyn.com Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan pated « BEE 10° 107? - (0,25)" fiat (LE) oT lord = Bag / vy o=4q 4 ow pM Vivo BiiZ. Don gidm cic bidu thie sau A » xv C= ayo 4 2 : | ‘ Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé Logarit www.mathyn.com = 3 =Ths. Lé Van Doan ; , root 10 1 = ses | tate wae eile = 20¥ + Tare, ee Vor — en Vote \We-a Vr+l 2 s27yF — |. af att 15/0 =||7 +272" 5. 3.xfay° -2] 3 | va4 avy ’ | © leet oF o= al 1s! mae BAi8, Gidi cde phuong trinh sau: uv 4 = Yio2a 2 Gey " [9} 7 64 8 0,2" = J0,008 ror 52" = 0,001 u(y (8) 2 W 0,1" > 100 2 > ¥0,04 3 > 100 9 2 iy" fa 4 a9 si |=} JA 3 3 = 4 wa mathyn.com Chung Il, Ham sé mG — Ham sé ly thira ~ Ham sé LogariPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Bai10, Gidi céc phuong trinh sau: 2 +2 = 20 2 =12 3 = 30 4 a pa a 8d si 4 24.4" +128 — 0 or ar 42%" — 48 TW 3.9 ~2.9" sae] or at poet Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Boan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 1. Kién thie eo bin af Dinh nghiia a> Ost % Véi a> 0a 1b >0 acs: flog, b= a a" — 8]. Chay: log, 6 c6 nghia khi tacé:|log, b= a < Chay: log, b cS nghia ki}, ” 5 4] + Logart thap phn: [Igb = log’ = lo, 4 Logarit ty nhign (logarit Nepe): [nb = log, b] by ‘Tinh chit Cho a> 0,0 = 1va be > 0. Khids: Néu a> lihi log,6>log.c@b>c | N&vO log, ca b as 1vi be > 0. Tach: © og, (be) = log, 5 + log, € © log, b° = B.log,b W Cée cdng thite déi ca s6 Cho @,,¢ > Ovi ab #1. Ta od) log, ¢ 1 Ind © lo log, b.log,¢ = log, ¢| @ log, 6 log, Bo Tob Be 8 i: 0 Toga’ Ina © log, b= +-log, 6 (3 + 0) © log, b= —l0g,6 © log, ¢ = + —_ Ey 7 7 aloe losye log,¢ 10g, ¢ 2, Bai tp dp dung BALL. Thye hign eae phép tinh sau 1 — V A= log, 4.log, 2 2 B= ton, 5g, 9 y C=log, Wa 4) Da 43 4 gs? 5! E=log,58 6 FP = 27%? 44h" 8 I = log, 6.log, 9.log, oF T= gin ttm’ = 6 - wuw.mathyn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log:Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan oy J = 81 27%" 43" ar K = 25%" + 49%" Iw b= ety geet, ok a N= 51 P=Ig(tant?) +g g(tan8") 16/ Q = log, [log, (log, 16)}. log, flog, (10g, 64] fan 2") 1 R= 3°"? + log, (log28) 18) $= 2log, 6 - Slog, 445 Bai2. The hign phép bién déi theo yéu cau bai tod. Cho log,, 27 = a 2 Cho log, 14 = a, Tinh log, - 32 va log,, 32 theo « inh log, 16 theo a 3/ Cho log, 5 =a; log, 3 =b. Tinh log, 135 theo a,b 4 Cho log,, 3 = a. Tinh log, 15theo a & Vo 6! Cho lg3 = 0,477. Tinh 1g 9000;1g (0,000027); og, 10 5) Cho log, b = V3 . Tinh log 5 b 7) Cho log, 6 = V5. Tinh log = = Be ae 8/ Cho log, 2 — a, Tinh log, 28 theo @ 9 Cho log, b= V8. Tih tog, La 07 Cho log,, 7 = ajlog, 5 = b. Tinh Jog, theo a,b Cho Ig! = a;lg2 = b. Tinh log,,, 30 theo a,b 21 Cho log,, 3 = a;log,, 5 = b. Tinh log,, 1350 theo a,d 13/ Cho log, 7 =ajlog,,5 =. Tinh log,, 28 theo a,b 4/ Cho log, 3 = a;log, 5 = b;log, 2 = c. Tinh log,,, 63 theo a,,¢ We 61 Cho log,, 5 =a; log, 7 =; log, 3 51 Cho log, b= VT Tinh log, =c. Tinh log, 35 theo a,b,c 11 Cho logy11 = a; log, 7 =b. Tinh tog theo a,b BAL3, Cho a > Oa 4 1. Ching minh ring: log, (a +1) > log, (a+2) (+) logy (02) lope (0+ 2) + logy 2 wp: xe A= J fog as Tog, (a1) te log... [a(a+2)] log, (a+) _emenifale+2)] nl Yas pan Chung , Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 Bai 4. So sénh céc cp s6 sau: 1 lon, 4 va log, > 2/ log,, V2 va log, , 0,34 y 1 1 4/ log, — vi log, ——~ y 715+V2 71 log, 10 vi log,, 13 8) log, 3 va log, 4 97 log, 10 va log,y 11 5/ log,, 150 va log,, 290 6 1 1 HD: 4! CM: log, — < 4 < log, ——= 80 15 +V2 log,, 150 < 2 < log,, 290 __ log, 10-log, LI — log, 13 7! Xét A= log, 10—log,, 13 8), 9/ Sir dung Bit ding thie (+) bai tip 3. Bai 5. Chimg minh cde ding thive sau (véi gia thiét ede biéu thee da cho o6 nghia) y ghee a git log, b+ log, 2 log, (bw) = PEs" > 8 en) = A log, W log, + log, ¢ = 3 . og, ¢ log, 4 28" 1 slog b log, ¢ . 5 1 (og, a + log, 8), véi a? +8? = Tab gles, @ + log, 6 log, (242u) —210g,2 = 5 (tog, x +log, y), voi 2? +4y! = 122y Batb_ 1p, ) 6i 90? + bt Ws (liga +lgb), véi 9a? +4? = Web Ig =F (lea + 8i logy.) + log), a= 2log,, . a-log,, » a voi a? + 0° = k(k +1) 7 2 1 1 ( Jog, log. log, log. log. 2log, = __ 10g, Nelog, Nlog,. N Tog, 10/ log, N.log, IV + log, N.log, N + log, N.log, Le = 10 voi y = 10 va 2 = 10 1 log, 1 Py — 20800 = 8 = wu mathyn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log: ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan log, log, N log, N . 3) 28. — OB Ob. vai a,b, lin lugt theo thir te 6 lap than cdp 6 nhén. Tog, N—log,V Tog, NV Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Boan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 Bai 3: HAM SO LOY THUA - HAM SO MO) - HAM SO LOGARIT. —_a—_ 1 bin ul iém ay Ham 36 liv thie y = 0 (a. ta ing sé) Sémia Ham sb y= Tap xe din D a — n(n nguyen dong) yar Do a= n(n nguyen daong imboke n=O) ya D=R\(} @ la sb thye Khong nguyén y= D = (0,400) Luu §: Ham sé y = 2” khong dng nbit v6i ham sé y (neN*) Ham (o> 0071) Tap xie dink: D = R Tap wid ti: T = (0, +0) ye Khia > Ihim s6 ding bién & ‘Tinh don digu + © Khi 0 0,a # 1) % Tap xic dink: D = (0, +00) © Tap gid wi: T= R . | © Khia > Lhir sé ding bién 4 Tinh don digu + , . Lo Khi 0 < a <1 :himsé nghich bién Nh tye tung am tgm efn > Dang dd thi y ty a> o Ondu n chan. | Voie < Ondu nik 2. BA tip dp dung Bai, Tinh cdc gidi han sau lim or im 0 sine BAi2, Tinh dao him eta cde ham s6 sau: y= Vir Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 13 y = asin 2 +3 4fy = N94 oe’ 1S! y Bai 3. Tinh dao him eta cde him sé sau: 2 y=(x+2r)e* 3 Vv sine 4 Si yao 6 y= Ste ee Wo yatem 8 9F y= cose Bai 4, Tinh dao him ea ede him s6 sau: , y (cos) = inl W y=In(2z? +243) 2 y= log, (cos) 3) y=e'ln(cos:z) 4 y=(22-1)In(32* +2) 57 _y = log, (2* — cosa) 6! y= log, (cos) u 9 yah(r+vi+e) Bais vo y=re? 5 ay'=(1a')y w y=(e+djers yy wv 5 y+ Qy'12y = A y= ae +be™ 5 y"+ By'+ 2y =0 si sine; y+ 2y'>2y 6) y=e*cosr; y+ 4y=0 Wy =e"; y'eosr—ysinz -y"=0 8) y =e sine jy" dy +29y = 0 Lae 9 y= Sate sy" 2y" 10) y= 8 426°; y™— 13y Bai 6. Chimg minh céc him s6 da cho théa man cdc hé thite duge chi ra: 1 {, Vv pay'4i= Y y= ; ay'=y[yinz—1) ¥ 9 Tyeting | ONY } l+¢Ing 2 ao ERE cogty! = ay? 41 M1 y=sin(In2)-+cos(inz) sy ay'ea’y"=0 4 y si oy fla Ltlnyatye +1; 2y=ay'tiny’ 6 y 2 Bai. Giai ed c phiomg tinh va bit phuromgtrinh sau v6i céc him s6 duge chi re Wf "(x)= 2f(a) ; fle) =e (2? +32+1) y PG) +2 f(a) = 0; fle) =a" ne ¥ fia>9'2)sf@ Infe-1) 4" f(z) +20 $70 — +In(z—5) ; oz) 2); f(a) we a) = 5° +4rIn5 BAi8, Khao sit sy bién thign va vé dd thi cia ede him sé sau: Vo yaa? 4 Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phap gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths, Lé Van Boan ar) 9) y= log, e 10/ y = log, x Wy =In(z+1) 12 y= In(1-3r) oy Bai4: PHUONG TRINH MU a 1. Co sis by thuyét 1/ Phuong trinh mie bin . b>0 Voi a> 0,0 #1 thi fa® = 6 = log, 2 Phwong phip gidi mat $6 phwong trinh mi thuimg gi DUA VE CUNG CO 86 & LOGARIT HOA, ng tite mi vy thita dua vé dang a!) = a"! as fl 1% Trudng hyp eo 96 a 06 chia dn thi: | -& Dang ed Fb Véi a > 0,0 = 1thi [a | Thidul. Giai cdc phirong trinh ma sau (dura vé cling co 6) v (0,04)" = 62: a () 2F 0,125.16" 3 "5" =0,001,(10")~ (3) 4 5/ 5.37 43.25 =7.2" 43° (5) 6 5 Aisi ham Kio 1 Gi phvong ink: 0,04)" = 62585 (1) (i) o (st) = 515% o 5 2/ Gidi phuong trinh: 0,125.16" Pjeriay "=F oa 3/ Giai phuong trinh: °° 5°" = = 10710" (a) (2. Chung Il, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham sé lay thiza ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 elasis =a (4) 4) Giai phutomg tein: 2" (5 3 (5) (1) «93 51 Gitiphaong inh: 5.3" +32 = 72! —4.3° (3) 5 ra ()e>5(8 45-41) 9 (9 4941 of 1-8) oa 3) Thidu 2. Giai ede phomg tinh ma sau (logarit ha) ) (a) ya =2 @) (e+2J" (3) 4 (2 ' ay" (a) Bi gidi ham khio V Git phon tink: 3° = 5° (1) (1) + tog, (3"} }= log, (r Jos ~ ag 5 (2) =log,5 |r = 14 (oe. 8) B) i 2/ Gili phuong wink: (2 +1)" 5log,2 ( g, (3°) = log, (2° (5—22)log, 2 a 1, 2) = Slog (2) © log, (3°) = log, (2°**) ¢ x = (5 -2z)log, 2 + 2(1 + 2log, 2) = 5log,2 |x Te Blog, 31 Git phuong rink: (2 +2 O Chia hai vé cho 6%, ri dat an phy V 9-53" 46=0 3) 5 5h S104 (3) 4 5) 3 2.3" 97 =0 (3) $25" =6 a a 4a pam iat — 10 (7) (7+ 4v) +(2+¥8) (0) tora pours os Bi gid cham Kido V) Gidi phwong trinh: 9° —5.3* +6=0 (1) (1) (3°) 53") 6=06(3') 53° 46=0 (1') \ => (v) Dat t=3° > 0,Khids: (I')e 1? —5r+6=0e] oF th =3 (1) Voi t=23 3° =2 6 fe =log,2 Voi (=35 8 =3 2 [e=log,3=] 2 Gidiphoonginn: 2° 415." —8=0 (2) (2) 2.2" 415.2" -8=042,(2") +15.2"-8=0 (2) ' + (yj Dat =2' > 0. Khids: (2') 2? +157-8=0e]'— 9 WY) 8 {L) (6) (0) Chung Il, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita — Ham sé Logarit www. mathyn.com = 15 »Ths. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 3 12at 4 Didu ki (ae Dit L 445068 44r— vei t=135" =165" <5 o vr =06 ad 5/ Gidi phuong tink: 3° —2.3°* 27 =0 (5) (5) <3) 2.3.3 27 = 0 (3'*) -6a'* -27=0 (51) Dat l= 3'* > 0. Khidé: (5!) <> 61-27 = 0 Voi (= 9 3 =9 ea 6! Gidi phuong trink: 5° +25" =6 (6) (jos +2 6-005'4 -16- Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log:Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 22 erst + Sb — 10 o 27]s” (7 = 3 Cosi pai=s+t > ofst 2 x 3 Kaids: (71) <2 27(0 31) 48-10 oP 59 (ww) P34) 2 3 © By —10y +3 =0 Véiy=339 =36 [221] véiy-453'-Le Goo 3 3 8/ Gidi phuong trinh: (7 43) 4 (2+v8) =6 (8) (8) [2-5] + (2+ vB) ~6- 04 |2+v5)] +(2+05)' =o (1) f, e 1 ie (w) dat i= [2+ VB) > 0.Khids: (8!) oe te-6= 04] (s) voi t=2 (2+vB) =2 fe 91 Gi phuonginh: 97 49%" 6 (8) ach 1; Phuong phap tn phy véi 1 dn (eo 49% 66 Oet=3 Y ki] (pep) vai t Sl (rea) Cich 2: Phuong phip dit in phu v6i 2 én dn dén hg phon tinh lu oes ute=6 Dat : v <9). Khi dd: ly =o w= Theo dinh It Viet, thi u,r”chinh a nghigm cia phuomg trinh: X*— SX +P. XP SX+P=06 X*-6X 49-0 usv=3 Chung , Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitPhan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 bau ” xay rakhi: 9""7 9°? e> sin’ x = cos’ x 4 cos2e = 0 ¢9|2 Teo bit ding thee Cauchy, ta ¢6: 9* Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com ye = gee - ki 2) eo =3e 3efr==) 2) (kez) 42 ach 3: Phuong phip uée lug 2 vé (ding bat ding thie Cauchy), + +9" «Sly = 25 <6 Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log:Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi ton 12 Ths. Lé Van Boan 10/ Giai phuong trinh: 4-2" 4 9.4-# 5 (10) oe ares 4 gatos Dat t= 4" DK :1 2cos* x Voit =25 4%" 22 tz thal, (kez) ‘Thi du 2. Giai phuong trinh mi (@jt én phy dang 2: Chia hai vé cho ca s hoje nhé nhl) U5! 415" = 2.9" (0) 2) 9-136 44" <0 (2) 3) 49° — 2.35 — 7.5% (3) tog ) (3) ay 2d 46 (4) | Bai giai tham khao, Oe 2/ Gidi phuong trinh: 9°" —13.6° +4™™ =0 (2) (jes. Dat: t= var=1=f3] lel 3 wit=42[)) obo 9 2 9 3/ Gidi phuong trinh: 49° —2.35" — 7.5%" = 0 (3) (3) ¢> 49" — 2.35" — 35.25" = 0. Chung ll, Ham sé mi Ham sé ldy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit,Ths. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phuong phap gidi ton 12 (%) () Dat t= =| > 0. Khi do: (3') @ —2t-35 506 log, 7 vralf 1 = Io 4] eo = los, 5 This 3, Gi ede phuong wih mi sau (Qt dn phy dang 3) v 2+y8) +(2-va) =4 Q) 2 [a5-+2ve] +(x -26 | =10 (2) a (ss) aroezl 2" 6) Peavey” digi dha khdo Wii phoonessinh: (2+) +(2—V8)' —4 (1) Nnan née. (2+ ¥5}.(2— V8) 1 [2+ V3).(2—a]] Fates vo: t= (24s6) 502i) -—2 ts 004 (2+ V3) 243 >0() (hee tindet dt+1=0e voi t=24V5 > (24V8) =24V8 oad voi t=2-V8 = (2—v3)" =2-V8 eS 2/ Git phuomg trin: [ovavey [i 6 ) «(5 + NY + [5-26 )% 10-0 2) =10 (2) = 20 = www.mathvn.com Chung Il, Ham sé mG — Ham sé lay thira — Ham sé Log:Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Dit t=(5-+206)" > 0 (5-26) 5 +26 >0 (wv) -26 >0 (x) 5+ 2v6 (5 rel 5+ 2b 2 E te 2b 3 (5 ovo) 4 Gidipmngsnks (5-51) + 7(5-+ if = 2 (2) (2) ot+t-10-06 8-108 ‘ it Voit [e Voi 26 joieke )-16 (oJ) (svn oo ee (5+ vai} Ino? (») Ar=i64'—74' =94' = (32°F >]. 7 #==>0 (y) visa 2 (6yfi) -2 «| wiit=25(54+Va)l <2 oe 7h 7 4/ Giti phuongwvinh: (8 +307)” +(8—3vF]" =16 (4) soiaae: (8+ 847} 6-07) 1096-4) 6s) te pat: t= (84 307)” > 0+ (8-av7]™ <4 (8 avy (a)eoe+teiee e641 sear >o (A t s—av7>0 voit=8 437 +(s+aV7)" =843V7 osine=16 «|, (be Z) voi = 8-37 3 (8-av7) =8-a7 @sine=-1¢ +t}, (eZ) Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www. mathyn.com = 24 »Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 SU DUNG TINH DON DIEU CUA HAM SO _ i Xét phuomg trinh: f(z) = g(x) (1) i | & Doinahn 2, mdtnghigm oa pong tinh (1) (king tng I hing sb ncn 6 0) ~ Dya vio tinh déng bién va nghich big eta f(x) va g(2) dé két ludn 7, 18 nghigm duy née: 1 o f(a)ding bin vi. g(2) nghich bién (hoge dng bién nhung nghiém nga) 10 fla)don digu va g(x) = c (hing s6), | & Neu f(e)ding bin ode nghich bigs t » Ln: i — Him sé bac mhit: y= az +6 (a #0) i i + Dang bién khi: a > 0 i + Nghich biéa khi: a <0 + Déng bidn khi: « > 1 : 4 Nahich bién hi 0 Phuong trinh (1)¢6 mot nghigm duy nhét la 2 = 1 2x dong bién trén R 3° ding bién tren R va g(z) 21 Giai phuomg tinh: 4° 4 3° = 5° (2) Ta 6: x = 21a mot nghiém cia phuomg tinh(2) ao) +[8) <1. (29). xernamsé: » = rls) =[4 +(2]. vee 7“ b5} *|5) Its} 5 ind cove eR y= f(x)nghichbiéa wen R va f(2)=0 1 = (2'): vénghigm, Voi x <2 4% f(x) > f(2)= 1 (2'): v6 nghigm. Vay phong tinh o6 nghim duy nbdt li: [e— 2 11 Gi pave ahs 4 45 EI eT (8) (3) e243" 45" 14 5 ey 2 2 2 eet gage BT 4b BY 455 HP 43 $5.5" ‘ zt q Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira ~ Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phap gidi ton 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Xéthim s6: f(t) = 2! +2.3' + 10.5, vie R Teed: f'{t) = 2.2 +2.3.In3 + 10.5%In5 > 0 f(t) ding bign wea Phuong trinh(3"}e6 dang: f(2r) = f(r +1) <> 2e=a4149[e=1] 4) Giai phuong trinh: 36. as" +427 (4) (hero? 4-3" =2 427 oo" 45" a7 9 er sge? (4!) dang f(u) = s(v) xétham s6 f(t)=2' +3',veeR Tab: f'(t) = 2.n2 + 3'In3 > 0,Vte R > y = f(x) ddng bien wen Phuong inh (4 ‘Jeo dang: f(z") = f(82—2) @ = 32—2er x" —3e | Thidu2. Giai phuong trinh mi (dt dn phy dang 1, logi khong hodn todn va két hep tinh dom digu) v (x +4).9° —(2+5).3° +1=0 21 a" + (2 —7).2" 412-42" =0 Bai gi ham khito +1=0 (1) > 0. Khi dé: (1) ¢ (2 +4). - ¥/ Gidi phuong trinh: (x + 4).9° —(x +5).2 Dat: t 245) t= 2 460 (c+3) A=(2+5) -4(2+4)= 2° +62+9=(c+3) > Véit=1>3'=1e2=0 e+4>0 Veit = z+ Phuong tinh (1°) 6 mgt nghigm lax = —1 Xéthim sé: f(z) = 3*(2+4),¥x € rect: f'(2)=3(044).n3 49" = a'[(e+4).in3 +1]>0ve€ = f(x) ddng bién ¥z € (—4;+00) va g(z) = 11a him khong déi r= —Lla nghigm duy nbét eta phuomg trinh(1') Vay phuong trinh(1} 6 hai aghiém la [2 = 0: 2) Gidi phuong trink; 4” +(z* —7).2" 412-42" =0 (2) bat: t 2" > 0. Kid: (2) o #7 = (0! —7).44 1242" <0 Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www. mathyn.com = 23»Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 Xéthim sé f(x) £'(2) = 2" 2e1n2 +22 = 2: , 22 = 0 cho f'(2)= : : 2=0 P12) 0% bee tno. 2 oly do 2! In2+2>0veeR) 77>" Bang bién thign: vei a ¢ (W350) F'(2) <0: f(x) nehich btn iu x <-14 f(z) > (-1) ) : v8 nghigm. Néu ¢ > —149 f(x) < f(-1) = 3 > (2!): vonghigm, soe ( NB: 0) thi phuromg einh 2") ¢6 nghigm duy nhSt la 2 = 1 Voi x € (0;+00) > J"(z) > 0: f(x) ding bién, Nuur Lee f(z)> f(1)= 3 = (2): vo nghigm, 2 € (0;-+00) thi phuong rah (2°) 06 ng duy nb —1 Vay phuzong tina (2}6 4 nghiém la: [x = +1; 2 = +V9| ‘DU'A VE PHUONG TRINH TICH, TONG HAI SO KHONG AM VA NGHIEM PHUONG TRINH BAC 2 A=0 % Phuongtrinh teh: AB=O0<%/ 5 + 7% khongim: 44° =06{4—° ng hal sé khong dm: A+ 09 > Phuong php déi lip: Xét phuongtrink: f() = gfe) (1) 5 Mo )=M a évta cing inn age 2) = a 1) [YO tog t ‘ 25(2* 1) —5°(2" 1) <0 « (2" ~1)(25-5*)= f 1 [r=0 5 =25 fra 2/ Gidi phwong tink: 12.3 | 3.15° — 5*" = 20 (2) # (t+5)5(6¢ +4) <0 N do 5’ +4>0,¥eeR 5 5 8 =2 & |r = log, >| 3 3 (2) eo12, (5° +4}(3.3" —5) ‘Thi du 2. Giai ede phwong trinh mi sau (dua vé phuong trinh tich hoje nghigm cia phyong trinh bac 2) v a(«? 3") —3e(1-49")—1 uf ahs (9 3.57) 2425" 3 —0 V Gai phaomg ents 2(22—3°"*)— 3x(1—43")—1 (1) Céch 1: Nghigm eta phirong trinh b§e 2 (theo 2) (1) 4 2e* ~3(1-4.3").2 6.3" 41=0 A=9(1- 8.3 + 16.9") —8(—6.3" +1) = 144.9" — 24.3" +1=(12.3" -1) 312.3" = 12.3" 41 4 Tao: x= 1 imptnghifm cia phoong tinh (1) 1-63 Ham sé f(x} = 3° ding bién Vz € R |} r= =I linghigm duy nbit eva phuromg trinh(1') lis 4 Ham sé y = = —=nghich bién sb y= 5 — G nehich bid ‘Vay phuong trinh da cho ¢6 2 nghigm: |x Céich 2: Dura vé phuong trinh tic logi phan tch thinh nhin tr \ es 2p? 32 (9 9 a—2 32/9 = (1) 22° 39 +1+6.3" eet) =o 2[2-a)[2—2 +6.3°(22-1)=0 Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha — Ham sé LogaritThs, Lé Van Doan Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 (or —1) (20-1 \(e-1+6 Tuong ty ch () “Je p25 3" 2 Giai phuong trinh: 2°.5°" — (3° ~ 3, Céeh 1: Nghigm cia phuong trinh bie 2 (theo 7) (2) Sta? —(5.3* -3.5°)2 42.5* —5.3" = = 4.5'(2.5° 5.3 Phuong trinh (2')co mgt nghigm li x = 1 Ham s6 f{z)=|=] nghich bin Vr eR) 5} 1 2 ding biénVe CR 5°15 sr = 1 la nghiti duy nhit cia phuong nh (1) tam s6 (2) = Vay nghim ci pong tinh (2) [== 2 ich 2: Dura vé phurong trinh tic logi phan tich thanh nahin tr yea) —s(e ri) 06 (r+ [le Tuong ty nb ciich 1 ‘Thi dv 3. Gidi phuong trinh (ding phyomg phép d6i lip) v5? Ssing (a) wae? 44 6400825 (2) Bai gidi tham khio. be 5 cose = 0 2 ° <] ing =1 sine “44 6-4e0820 (2) V/ Gia phusong tinh: Tacd: cost x > 0. 54 > 5? 2/ Gia piusong tein: 4! Xét him s6: f(x) = 6 + cos2e Tacé: 1 < cose <1445<6+c0s2e <7 xéthim sé; g(2) = 4 4 aes = ame gL - paraa, (0 5 cee : erstthn, (kez) megs cos2r = = 2 aes ges 5 2. Bai tap rén Iuyén Bail, Giai cde phurong trinh ma sau (dira vé cing co s6 hodc logarit hoa) je 6 ay gh geeis = ge 5 get 4/ 558°" = 100 sy hod 200 36.9 12/ at 6.3 3 <9 15/58" = 500 yen of (2-241) =1 20 (x41) =1 Bai 2. Giai cdc phuomg trinh ma sau (dua v8 cing cos hodc logarit héa) oe age * a 434 = 750 4) 25° =0,01 1 (x6) opi 2a gem — 0) 2 3tT 0,a41: flog, z-ber— 2. Mét sé phuomg phép giai phuong trinh logarit © Dua va cing co sb F(z) = 9(2) vias Qoets foe, F(2)= 0a) 175 6 (hay ole) > 0 ® Mia hia ra) Véia> 0021: flog, F(@)= ale) © re) = 0" © Djt in phy. © Sir dyng tinh don digu cia him sb, © Dun vé phuong trinh dang dat big. © Phuong phip dai lap. 3. Luge + Khi gidi phuong trinh logarit, cin chi y dén di (gp, ta khong nén tim ra chi tiél. Hién nbin, khi tim duge nghigm nén 1 dy qui phe ém ra nghigm. + Véi abc > Ovaabe x 1th {oS b= ab + éng thite logarit thuémg sir dung: CTA log, + log, ¢ = log, (6) CT.Al log, blog, ¢ = log, | a f.log,b Néuple CTS tog, 6° = |7108-P Ne? log, 7 8.108, |b] Néa pg chin ° - 1 — log, ¢ CTI tog, b= CTS tog, e = He Tog, @ M06, b 4, Mat sé thi dy a . 5 \ Thi dy 1, Gidi ede phuong trinb logarit sau (ap dung eGng thie logarit dua v8 cing ca 86) (2 (c+2)—log, (x — W log, (2x -1) = -2 2 log, (2 +2) log, (zr -2)=2 3 log(x* +22-3)+lg(r+3)=Ig(z-1) 4 Qlog,, (82-11) + log, (x - 27) = 3 + log, 8 51 log, 2° +log,, r+ log = 61 log, x +1og, (x -1) =1 1H log, ==> + log, (2* ~25) =0 8 log, (log, x) + log, (log, 2) =2 Bai gidi ham khio -2 (I) V Giai phuomg tink: log, (22 ~1) Chung ll, Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva - Ham 86 Logatit,Ths. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 Diéukign: Qe — >oer>t 2 (1) > tog, (201) = tog, 2° «22-1 2/ Giti phuong tinh: log, 2 +2)—log,(z—2)=2 (2) " jz+2>0 [r>-2 idu kign: ed? e jz—-2>0 |r>2 (2) ¢ log, (¢ +2)(2 2) =log, 4 +2\(t-2)=4 oa <8 3/ Gia phuong trinh: log(x* +2r—3)+Ig(+3)=Ig(e-1) (3) jz*+22—3>0 |x €(-o0;-3)U[1;+00) Didu kiga: jx | 3>0 @ {2c (3 400) 2c(l; 10) n-1>0 (1; +90) (3) < log, (2” + 2¢—3)(z + 3) = log, t)e (x? +2e—3)(« +3)=(2—1) ) ) 2 (L)= (2): VN 4 (L) = (2-1)(2+3) ~(2-1) @(z-1)(z +6r+8)=0e 4! Gidi phuong trinh: 2og,, (8 ~11) + log, (2 ~ 27) = 3 + log, 8 . uw 32-11>0 ub idu kign: ef)? 3g ee>ar e-arso MY] 8 (4) © 210g, (32 — 11) +1og, (¢ -27) = log, 5° + log, 8 © 2 Aor, (3x —11) + log, (x — 27) = log, 125 + log, 8 < log, (32 ~ 11)(2 ~ 27) = log, 1000 (x —27) = 1000 ¢ 82* —927—703 =0 «> |P 5/ Gitiphuong ink: log, a" + og, +logyg 2 =7 (5) Digu kign: 7 > 0 3 : eaT —log, 2 +2 og, 2 (5) <> log, 2° + log... 2 log y # = 7 4 Blog, 2 —log, 2 + Flog, = 7 log, 2 = 7 log, = 2 <> #[3-143}tog,2=7 62 2 2 6! Gidi pong trink: log,‘ + log, jz>0 fa =1 (6) ie eiso® e@r>l = 36 = www.mathyn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log:Phan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 1(z) (x) (- (7) # log, = =0 4 log, (z r+5 8/ Gidi phuong trinh: log, (log, 2) + log, (log, x)=2 (8) ie >0 n> 0 dukign: jlog, 2 >0 <> Jr >2 eo >1 log,r> 0 |r> a (8) + log,, (log, 2) +log, (log, \— oes lice foe 2) 1 =) =2 4 Flog, (log, 2) +1og, | 08, =] = 2 3 < log, (log, x) =3 e $e, (log, 2) + log, (log, 2) + Joe, 5 + log, (log, x) = 2 ¢ log, z = 4 + [z= 16 c phong tinh logait (da v8 cig co 56) | 2 Jog, ( —26)=2- z 4.) 4f tog,|=] toe, (42) +10 =0 ea[f] ~o. (i) 5! 2log, (x2) Iog,(2 4) =0 1! log, Jr +5] + log, 8 =0 |x —2| + log, V/ Giai phuomg trinh: log, (9 - 2") Ditukign: 9-2 > 02" <9 (1) # to, (9. 2") = tog, 8 > 0. Koide: (t) 9 4S bat Voi t= 1 2 = 1. 2 =0, Thay vao dibu kign: 2° <9 :théa— Nh nghigm: Véi t= 8 + 2 =8 & © =3. Thay vio ditu kign: 2° <9 :théa > Nhén nghigm: [x = 3] Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit Chung ll, Ham sé miThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 2! Giai phuong trinh: log, (3! -26)= 2-2 (2) 6 Dida kia: 3°" —26 > 0 4 3° > 25, nied: (2) o (3"" —26) Dat { — 3° > 0. Khi dé: (2i)oa-2 t 26 = 0 4 3H — 261-9 = 0 3/ Gidi phuong trinh: log, (x + 3) —log, vr —1 = 2 8, n+3>0_ [r>-3 Didu kign: * 1>0 “fe>1 2) (3) © log, (x +3) Jog y (2 1/4 = 210g, 4 log, 8 « log, (z +3) — log, (x 1) = les, } lr = 5] (théa BK) + bog, [I 4! Giai pong trinh: t.(5] —log, (4x) +10-0 (4) Digukign: 2 #0 (4) log, 2 — log, 4 — log, 4! — log, 2! +10= 0 49 log, fo -2 8 —4og, o| +10 = 0 2! = 14> 2 — 41 Choa DK). ole 5/ Gidi phuong trinh: 2log, (x —2)+log,(z-4) =0 (5) . z-2>0 n>? Bidukign: {7s fy (e-4 > 0° [ee (5) + 2log, (x —2) + 2log, (2-4) =1 3 n> Je>4 a3 +2 ee + * wile cso" fe st bes pcrcd pceca 61 Gittphuong i: Fog, (2 +2)" —3 = og, (42) Tog, (2 +6) (er) >0 fone foo iu kis Y>oeta velrca of? itu kign: ay > -2>0er4s em (4-2) -60 [e+e>0 |z>-6 fe) 1 ( le <6) (6) © Slog, | +2| 310g, 7 = Bloe,( Blog, (« +6) = 38 = www.mathyn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log: ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan a= (4-2)(r +6) 2| = log, (4 ~2)(2 +6) dfx n> 2 [x > -2 = 2 a)=(4-2)(e46) |] r6r—16 0 | = of? p< 2 nc -2 p< 2 Jr = 138 fice a)=(-s)exg b Qr-32=0 1-33 1438 7! Gidi phuong trink: log, Jr -2] + log, Js +5|+10g,8=0 (7) 220 [r22 pt 5e0° [eas 2)(z + 5) =log, 8 @ (x —2}(2 45) 8/ Gidi phuong trink: doe, (32 —4)" tog, 2” = 8{iog, ve) + log, (2 — (s2-4)' >0 4) 3r—420 viturig: {Be-4) > 0, e0 0 z>0 3 ve >0 6 1 8] = log, |3: 4).3 log = 8|—log, (8) <> jog, 82 — 4] Slog, = & og, 2 + [2tog, 3 — 4) + Glog, [sr —4].1og, x = 2{tog, 2) + 4(log, [82 — 4))" # 2(log, 2)’ —10g, [32 — 4] tog, x +2(l0g, [ae — al)’ —21 ¢ log, z(log, x — log, [32 — 4l) — 2log, |x — 4|(—10e, fsr—4 + log, z)=0 Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www. mathyn.com = 38 «Ths. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 <> (log, —log, [3x —4))(log, x —2log, [3x — 4) = 0 0g, t — log, [32 — log, 2 - 2log, [3x W to, (2 21 tog, (& = log, (4 ~2)' +108, (2 +6)’ + log, 8=0 5) log, +log, fr +5] + log, 8 = 0 6 log, (2-1) + 1 = +log, V2 +2 Tog, { W log... 2x +65) =2 DS: r=—5 Thi du3. Gidi eée phuong trinh Iogarit (sir dung phuong phap dit én phy, hodn toin) 1,2 S—logt 14 loge 2 log, (2° +1).log, (27 +2) =2 DS: r=0 31 logi 2 + Jlog? 2 +1 4) (2—log, 2)-log,, 3 vu 1 DS: r= 100; r= 1000 5, Bai tGp rén luyén Bai 1, Gidi ee phuong tinh logarit sau (€xa v8 cing co 8) tog, fe(e—1)) —1 2 log, 2+ og, (e+1) =1 ¥ Inz+In(x+1) 4 log, [7 + 2log, (2 -2))=2 5/ log, x + log,, x = log, V3 6) log,(z? +1) +log, 5 = log, (x +2) —2log , (2-2) = 40 = www.mathvn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log: ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan W Wg(o+ 6) ——Ig(2x — 3) = 2—1g25 8 log, x = log, (x +6) —log, (x +2) 2 9 og, (2-2) — log, V82—5 =2 101 log, (x - 3) +log, (2-1) Wiog, (2+ 3)—log,(¢-1)=2—1og,8 124 g(x -2) + 1e(e 8) =1—1g5 3/ 2log, (2 ~ 2) —log, (x s)=2 la IgVox —4 + Igvc +1 =2+1g0,18 15! log, (a* — 6) = I 2)+1 164 1 +3) +1 1) og, (2° -6) = log, (r -2) log, (x og, (2 md 7H log, x + log, (10 — 2) = 2 18/ log, (x ~1) log, (x +2) =0 9 log, (2 — 1) + log, (2 +3) = log, 10 - 20/ log, (x +8) —log, (x +26) +20 Bai 2, Gii ede phuomg trinh logarit sau (dia vé cing co 88) Y/ Dlog, [Vz? +142} +I0g,, (Vz? +12} 2) log, (0? +3) +log,, 5 = 2log, . (2 —1) —log, (2 +1) or 41) ale(1 —2) 2x +1) de (2 1)=2Ig(1-2) 3/ log, 7 + log gr +log, = 6 4 141g 6) 241g(4z* —4e +1) —Ig(2* +19) = 21g(1-22) 5/ log, +log, # + log, x WV log, «+log, z+ log, x =11 8) log, (7-1) +log, (7 +1)=1+ log 91 log, log, « = log, log, # 10/ log, log, # = log, log, « 1/ log, log, x ~ log, log, x — log, log, 2 12 log, log, log, « — log, log, log, © 3/ log, w+ log, x + log, = log, « 141 log, at + log, 2 + log, 2 = log, a.log, 2.log, « 151 (log, 2)-log, 2 bo BA 5 blog, Ve 16! log, | B At Wi lea +228) +1 an 0 18/ log (2 Va =A). (2 +E) ogg o —GF?—1) (2-1) |2 logs .,(4 — or og, 6+ Eee) 2oV tog, tena] + og, |; °° ° Tog, 2 7 Boose 211 log,"*"*+ log," = 2 231 Ig(22 +1) +1g(3- 2) = 2g 24/ In(z +1) +1a(2 +3) =In(x +7) Bi 3, Giai cde phuemg tinh logait sau (a v8 cing oo s8) J log, (9-2") = 3-2 2/ log, log, (6 4) Nog, (4.3°*! =1) = 22-1 5i log, (9-2") = 5" 6/ log, (3.2 -1)-22-1=0 Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www.mathyn.com = 41»Ths. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 los, 3 log, (52° — 82 +3) = S/ log, ,(e—1) 1 log,, (z* 52 +6) =2 91 log, (22° Te 4 12)=2 1 Tog, (2* — 2) =1 15 log,,,. (2° +1) 15/ log, (3-22) = 17) log, (22° —52-+4)=2 8 log, (26 -3") = 2 10) Jog, (3.2 -5)= 12/ log, (6*"* — 36" 2 log,, (20' +21" 31+ 41 log, ( 6! log, (x +2 8 tog, (2? =2) 10/ log, (22° 121 log,,., (92" +8 +2) —2 18/ log, + log,“* = Bai 5. Gidi cde phuong trinh logarit (dat dn phy, dang dat dn phy hodn toan) 1 log! + 2log? 2-loge 3/ log, (27x) —3yflog, x -1=0 Si logig 2 + Slog, 2 + log, =2 1 log! 4x + log, = e Bs 9 log,, 16 + log,, 64=3 1/ log, «© 1 log, + 8.5 13/ 3ylog, £ ~ log, de = 0 ~ 4 15) log, Vr + gflog, « == EHF 17 log! # + 2log, 19) log? 2 + Alog,, 52 21 log, 3+log, 7 = 1 2 log} 2 —Alog, 2 +3=0 4/ log + flog x 41-5 =0 6! log, 2—log, « + 8) log’, 2 + Slog, z+ log, 70 10) log, — log, : 12/ 2log, Ve 2 = Io, 14 3Vog, 2 161 log, Vx — sfiog, © = 18 log’ (2-2) log, 32 Slog, (2-2) =5 201 log, V5 + log, 5x =? i log? V5 221 log, (3* — 110g, (: Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 23/ log ¢ (x —2).log, 2 = 2log, (sx 251 52 = —lo, ) 24/ log, (2° =1).log, (2"* +2) = 2 26) log... 4-log,., 2=4 1 2 271 log,,,, 4.log_ 4 2=1 281 + 1 car 4108 alge | 2+lgx $__y a Saige | 341ge 1+ log,c | 2—log, 31/ dog? + 2log, 2° +1 32/ log’ 10 + log? 10 Glog, 10 = 0 33/ log, 5V5 ~ 1,25 = log? v5 34/ log, (5° —1) log: (5* —1) =1 351 log, (22)' «log? 2 =1 36) log, (3° +3)—4.log,,2=0 371 log, 2+ log, Az = 3 38/ log, 3.log, 3+log, 3= 0 39/ log, 2? —14log,,, 2° + 40log,, viz = 0 Qige au alge + Iga—1 Iga 43 log, (¢ - Vr? =1).10g, (2 + V2" =1 = los, Bai 6. Gisi ec phuomg trinh logarit(48t dn phy, dang dat én phu khéng hodn toan) / log (x+1)-+(2—5)log, (2-+1)=16 2 log’ 2 +(2-12)log, 2 +1120 3 Ig’ x —Igaz.log, 4x + 2log, x = 0 4) 6.9%" 46.2" = 13.08%" 5/ z.log}r—2(z-+1)log,2+4=0 6 log x +(2—1)log, x= 6-22 1 (x+2)log,(z-+1)+4{2+1)log,(2-+1)=16 8/ (z-+3)log (x +2)+4(2 +2)log,(z +2) —16 10F log’ (x +1)+(x—5)log, (x +1) = 22-6 91 log, (2+2)+ loge = 20 12/ 4yfiog, 2 — 1 — log, } + log, (2* + 7x + 12)—3—log, 3= 0 W logs x +(x —1)log, x 31 log, (2? + 82+ BAi7. Gidi ede phuong trinh logarit (sit dung cng thite bién 46i, dat dn phy) He 4 99 9 oe ee ee ay att ay quel = grins ay 28 4 904 = gi 5) log! 2—log, 2-+log, 2—log, z-log,2=0 6! log, 2 = log, [Vz +2 7! tog, (x - 3) + log, (x -2) =2 8 log, (x +1) + log, (2¢-+1)=2 91 tog, (2 + 3") = log, « 1o/ 4" V1og, (1+ vr} = tog, 2 Lay alt? = g? git? — git #42ir42i)—4 14/ 20g, (22) +-1og, 2 ~ log, atog, (2° 2 31 hg, | 12°49) Hh, | Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit Chung , Ham sé miThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 15/42 —Ige =1-Vige—1 16) log, {2 —v =1) + Slog + Ve =1)=2 17 aft —Tog, 2 + afl-+ log, 2 =1 18 8 + log, (2? —42) +2yf5 Jog, (2? — 4) = wiatyl—lg =10 20) log} x +2 = 34 Sl0g, 2 —2 2 log? 2 + «flog, 2 +1 =1 221 6° = Blog, (5x +1) + 20+ 23/7 = 6.log, (6x 5) +1 2a) steed 9 " BAi8. Gidi phuong trinh logarit (sir dung tinh dom digu cia him s6) VW log, (3x—1)=-2+1 2 log, e=2—4 3) rtlogyr=4 4) 2x + log, 2 =5 St log, =e +11 6) QE 1 8/ log, (1+ 5) = log, 2 91 2° —2'* = log, lof +a = 2°; (2 >0) Liat 435° = 5 12/ log, (2-43) = 3-2 13/ log, (3-2) = 14/ log, (2? —¢ 6) + 2 =Iog, (2 4-2)44 “ \] = 152-41) Is 2+2.3" =3 16) a(x —2}hIog, (x ~ 3) + 10g, (x -2)| = 15(2 +1) 17! log, cota = log, cos. 18/ 2log, (+z) =log, 19/ log, (if + Ve) Gog, = 20) log, (2 + x +1) —log, 2 = 222” Bi9. Gidi cde phuong tri logarit da v8 phutong ti tich hoe ding phuong phép d6i lap) VW log, x + 2log, 7 = 2+ log, x.log, 7 2 log, t.log, 2 +3 = 3.log, x +log, ¥W 2(log, 2) = log, nlog,[V2r+1—1) 4 In(sin’ x1) +sin’ 2 =0 t get Sf log, (2 +|2|-1) i 6 ee ala az va) Bai 10, Gidi cdc phuomg trinh logarit (¢6 chira heyng gide) uv yu e+e" 4 vy sete V3c vor1 51 log, [tan | + 10g, —** _ = 0 6 tog, 28in2e—2sine _iog 2 2eosz } sing 1 Sin De cos -e 7 Slog, sin x + log, {1 —cos2r) = 2 8/ log, [sin + cosa] + tox, 0 Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 9 tog, . (sin2z) 1 (3) _ sin3z | sinz) = tog, n= —3tan2r 2 s ay | V Jog, |sin= —3tan 2-4) 4 «| 3 2 | tle 3y3) 2/ log, cos = + tan Qn — = cng emer =0 + log, [eos + 3tanr feos BALL Tim tham sé m dé ede phuong tinh logarit sau c6 nghim duy nt 2 2ig(z +3) =1+lgme 3 4/ Ig(z* + 2mz) ~Ig(8r—6m ~3)=0 si 6 2(m-+1)z] 410g, 5 (22+m v 8 loge ,(c' +mr+m+1)+log, 2=0 9 og, (1? + 4m: 10 log, gg (e—m+1)+ log gg (me - Bij 12. Bai toin lign quan dén tim tham sb, 1/ Tim tham s6m dé phuong trinh: log, (4° +1 e6 hai nghigm phan diet 2/ Tim tham sé m dé phuong trinh: log, (9 + 9m} = 2 c6 hai nghigm phan biGt. 3/ Tim tham s6 sm 48 phuong trinh: log’ r—(m +2).log, «+ 3m —1 = 0 e6 hai nghigm phan bigt Soi, tha: 7, = 27 = og, (28 + me —2n Tim tham s8-m dé phuomg tinh: 2log, (22% — 2 +-2m~— 4m) nghigm phn bigtz, 2, thda: 2? 23 > 1 Cho phuomg trinh: log? as + log? +1 —2m—1 af Gidi phuong trinh Khim = 2 5 ty Tim m dé phuong tinh o6 it nhit mgt nghigm tr [I 64 Cho phuong tink: flogsz + log, 2° —8 = m(log, 2" —8) a! Giai phuong trinh khi m = 1 ‘by Timm dé phuong trinh ¢6 nghi¢m x > 32 =2)—(m Cho phurong trinh: {zn — 1) log” 5}log, (r-2)+m-1=0 a Gidi phuong trinh khi m = 2 by Tim mdé phuong trinh c6 nghigm,,7, théa: 2< x, l Se) = ae Hla) > o(2) ja) > a fel gil }> 9(2) si bl sah dong: laf’! < af Ja) > a") es Tuomg tu véi bit phuong trinh dang: Ja”) < a! Oa” <> (a —1)(M —N) > 0| — Tacing thuémg sir dung ede phuong php giai tung ty nhur 461 v6i phurong trinh ma: + Bua vé cing co 86, + Dat an phu. y= f(z) ddng bién én Deh: f(u) < f(v) > u uv +. Sir dung tinh dom dig: my f = f (2) nghich bién én D 2. Bat phwong trinh logarit — Kihi gidi bls phuong trinh logart, ta edn chi § dn tinh dan digu eda him s6 logasit ja>t [chad o log, 9{2) — Trong truimg hap eo $6 a.c6 chit in sth + log, B> 04% (a-1)(B-1)>0 Jog, A Np a) >0@(A-1)(B-1)>0 log, B ut — Ta ciing thumg sir dung cde phutong phép giai tuomg te nfur d6i véi phuomg trinh logarit: + ua vé cing co 8. + Datén pin. 3. H@ phuong trinh mi va logarit Khi gidi hg phwong trinh md va logarit, a eding ding ede phuong phap gidi hé phuong trinh 3 hoc nb = Phuong phép thé. — Phuong phip cong dai sé — Phuong phap dt an phy. — Phuong phap ding tinh don digu eta ham sé. Chung , Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitThs, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 4, thidy y \ Thidy 1. Gidi cde bét phuomg trinh mi sau i <0 Git cet hun in san | 8 3/ 44.5" 4 <10" si 2 ak x et 1 2.3 4g > oF Kéchop véi ditu kien > +2r <0 49 2x|—+ z+ lr <2 H-1<2<0 (7) 3-89 99" 50 (8) | / Chuang Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé ldy thira — Ham sé LogaritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Bai gii tham Khiio a 3<0 (1) ro o1 ae —4>0 flroa le ° ° ° roca i -a 1 € (—00;0)U [2;-+00) <0 4 Gigi bit pong tinh ss (a) Chung , Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 Dit (= 3" > 0. Kai: (4!) e 3 h <# SV Gidi bit phuong tinh: 2 Didu kign: x > 0 (3) 2.2% - 2 ai (5 e in P24 (rza Se 2 oy PIO) 2 ele 6 Giai bat puomg tink: 98 (6) 2 3.9" 7.38 we (29 (©) oe eco t>0 la <2 log, 4 <1 (5) 2<0 vit t= 3" > 0. xmas (7 eve (e-is0ede (7) o23% p39 s0% a2 3P +2-120 3 ai t=3%F 50 \e eosas = 50 = www.mathvn.com Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phap gidi ton 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Pervert 4>2 Dat= in +2>0 ert2avrtde), ere, (c+2) >244° [2 +32>0 ‘Thidy3. Gidi cde bit phuong trink mi sau: Ve 3) 3.27 +7.5" > 49.10" -2 Gili bit phuong tinh: 5"! <7" (1) (1) @ log, 5° < log, 7° 4 22-1 <(3—2)log, 7 + 2v + clog, 7 < Slog, 7+1 x (2 + log, 7) <3log,7+1e2< 21 Gisibhephaong tinh: 3 427 > 13. (2) +420 Diéu kign: ° az +40 Xet him s6: f(2) = 3 +2 xéc dinh én D Teco: f'(x)=3"".n3, 2 In, 1 Wr abng bi = fe) a poet nv € (-2,+00) Ma: f(0)=13 > ¥2>04 f(z) > f(0)=13. Vay nghigm cia phuomg tinh lie > 0. Kéthgp véi didu kign—> 2 > O la nghigm eta bie phuong trinh 3) Giai bit phuomg trink: 3.2° +7.5° > 49.10° -2 (3) neo > EI + (a) Judn dng bign trén Ta 08: f(-1)=49 > ¥z<-1: f(z) > f(-1)=49 ‘Vay nghigm cia bit phuong trinh li x < —1. Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www.mathyn.com = 51»Ths, Lé Van Doan Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 4) Giai bat phuong wink: Phuong Foo Xét him s6: f(x) = 3° + 3-20 wen R J'(2) = -8.1n3-2< 0,V2 ER > f(x) * + 3-20 1a ham sé luda nghich xi im sé: g(x) = 4" —2uén R g'(z) = 4 Ind > OW CR g(x) = 4" — 2 taham sé 1udn ding bign tren (2)20=f2) rca tte). Plesk] eet Lie dé: (4) / ae Pein <2 (2) s(z)<0=s(2) 2 1 ) 2 1 Gidi bit phuong wink: log, =—2E+2 > 9 (1) . o 1 49 log, =F > tog, 69 = 18 > 6 a+4 " at “aot * r+4 2 der<-3 zie 6>0e 0s rd r>e : , dered Két hop voi diéu kign, nghi¢m cia bat phuong trinh 1a: n> 8 r+3)<2 (3) (3) < log, (42-3) < 2+ log, (21 +3) <> log, (42-3) < log, {o(22+3)] «> (42~3)' <9(22 +3) @ 162? 422-18 <0 —Scrcs (2=+3) 3 , nghigm cia bét phuong trinh la: 2 1 2 16" > 0,125 wy (03) < 0,002 5) OL < ore? 1 8 > 4096 te sses18 of 1a 7 5 2.7) 118.57 > 163 19/6 cer gh 43.2" >a82? + 80412 20/627 +3" 23" <2 29 49 49 0 of ar 11/25. 13/ 6 2. 15) 49" — 35° < 25° 1 a5 4 ge? 19 aN 5.24 416 0 au (V3.4 vo) +(v3—v2) <2 {ay 1 +s 3 24 213"? > 36 26 Wan)" 2 (8-1) Pe 4) 5 45.<5) 6 8 10) 8.3 4 gE 5 gi 12/ 5°"! +67) > 304.5730" 141 27° 412" > 2.8° 16 3°71 2" 19? <0 18/3" 8.3 9.97 59 202 42°F <9 2 42 <9 aw |Z] JZ) -128>0 4} (8 ay (Ba be 424 2 > 8 Bebe D+ (20) 8" Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Bai4. Gidi ede bit phuong trinh logarit (dua vé ciing co $6) log, (# ¥ log, (lox, (2” —5}) > 0 5) log, (12x) > log, (52 —2) 1 log, (1~2log, 2) <1 le, te. | <0 V5—z < log, (3-2) 9! log, V log 3/ log, (3 + 4) > log, (5-22) 51 10g, 4 z a 0 21/ log, (+3) > 1+log, (x -1} 23/ log, log, 2 > 0 251 log, {ios, 211 log, log, F< 0 (20-3 29) log, Bai S, Gidi ede bit phurong trinh logarit sau: Iga +12 sy) ah 4 gem 1g 2g 21 10g,,,|log, += ye 4 og, jlog, (log... 6 log, (1-22) < 14 log ¢(x +1) ) 3) 107 Lo, (le (evi ) 0 Lear lo >o oy al 8) log, (1-2) < log, (2 log, (Ve? +1 —z)] 7 } 14/ log, 161 log, jlog, (x 5) > 0 1a og, (+4) < og, (228-2) 20 6" 2" <12 222 er <0 Dog, (2-2) 2 3)> 24 2log, (2 —2) +108 y (# a> % < og, ot, 26/ log, fv, = —1_,_ 1 log, (2 +3) z+ 8 (F+3) Jog, “p42 30/ log, log, {yz? +1 +2) > log, log, [Vz +1 —2} 281 log, (+1) —log, (2 +1)" 2 >o 3-1 >0 4/ log, 6 log, #.log, ¢ 0 log, >0 242 16r + 7}log, (2-3) >0 15/ log, 64 +log,, 16 > 3 Ww dog, g(' = 181 +16) >2 19/ log, V20— 2 >1 2 B46, Giti ee bit phuomg tinh logarit (4t dn phy) -3< log, 2 + 2log, 4 0 2log, #—log, 125 <1 2log, dr > 1 log, 2.log,,, 2 logy 1+ log,2 7 1 log, 1 log,@ loge log! «Glog, z+ 8 <0 1 2 +———<« log,z | 1+ log, 2 13) fi—Olog, © > 1—4log, 1 log’ >1 T+ log, = 177 6log, |t— Bai 7. Gidi ede bi + log} (r-1)+5 20 V (a+ t)log?, x + (20 +5)log,.+6>0 2 log, (r +1) 8/ log, (3-2) >1 10 log, r+6) <1 41 121 log,_, (2 +1) > tog, ( lai (4° 12.2 + 32)log, (22-1) <1 16) log, (5c? —82+3)>2 18/ log, (6+2 2) 24 20) log... (2" +2~6) > 0 21 log, 42** <0 6(«+1) 241 log, (1-| 2 log, (1-22) <1+ log ¢ (2 +1) 4! log, 64+ log, 16 >3 6! log «+ log, 27 <0 wy —1 4? <) 4+ log,2 " 2—log, lor slog? x —dlog, x +9 > 2log, 23 12/ Jlog, (32* + 4x +2) +1 > log, (32° + 47 +2) 14/ log, 100 — 108, 2 > 0 16/ log, 2.log , 2> 2° log, 2-6 I8/ log! 2 > log, z.log, [2241 -1) hong trinh logarit (sir dyng tinh don digu iia him <6) 2 log, (2° +1) +log, (4° +2) <2 Ste Ig Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 5/ log, « 1 (e= los, £+2%04+3)log,,, © + Giai céc bit phuong trinh logarit / a*log, 27.log. 9 > 244 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 6 toe, {V 5a -+5-+1)+log, (2? ~52+7) <2 log, (a* — 42 —11)' — log, (x? — 4 —11)* Pa so Bx (s-t)es} >1 2 log, log, {2* —4e +3) <0 log, (x +1) — log, (x +2)" 4 ae no ot Tog, Yor Bei be, [= +1) 8 log, (V3 sin2z —cos2x\ <1 As ) 1 —4 ~0 Won, Be tog? tet) tog, (ete 111) tog fe" 227) —tog(2* 227) vy ! too 1k <0 v2-5n— 3: 3a? 132 +4 3/ og, (Vor—2 +3} 3.141 tog, [VP —ae +3} > log, ———? 41 i , ‘ 3 Na" —4r +yr+1+1 Bai9, Gidi ege hé phuong trinh mi sau 2 $2? =5 Chung ll, Ham sé ma ~ Ham s6 lly thita Ham sé Logarit www. mathyn.com = 5T «Ths. Lé Van Boan www. MATHVN.com Phén loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 (2 eat + 64 = 12 3° +3” = 28 ior 0 Is [si = 243.3" jea* = ay se" =27 (a5 =75 3-2" = 77 p+ort = 3 wi} 201 2 [3.5 =45 Jan 44" = 32 3.27 42.3" = yoaee 23 wh 3r49 =18 oP sy s1=0 8 32 =77 261 J a3 2m 2 5 1 gp 22 7 a" 3" 7 a 43" =17 29 3.0 at = ud 3.2" 2.9 =6 [2 42.377 = 56 pet got? a7 3 4 3} 320) gent 38] 3.27 43° = 87 +32 =8 a [7-16 =0 3.27 $2.3" = 2,75 8° = 10y 34} 36) | -49" =0 8 = 0,75 at = 5y {(2-+ v) 2" = 625 gre Se ylae! Bt 38h 39, a (e+ -5 3 = 12 8(z* +») —6 2 = 2 =(y—2)(2y +2) wo (emai) gy a [e+ =2 rty= 2" © a} faye 4a > 45) (eas = 2a? +42 —y? =-3 ((c? +y).2" —1 yy 49% = 9(z? +») wf : sw [yr sir =2 gH 4 or? 3 g0ite ) 30} say 5a? +1 ay = Vr +t Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan [3° =2y 41 3° 42r=y 411 5s! y 56) y 3? 27 +1 3 4 2y=0411 Bai 10, Gidi ede hg phuomg tinh logarit sau e+ y= 23 »y [08.9 + log, 2 = 2 log, (zy) =1 vay=20 4 log, (32 +2y) = 2 gy {8 (62 + 4y)=2 log, (22+ By) =2 log, (6y +42) =2 242) log, zy = 5 yl (2* +4") ® 2log, 2+ log, y= 4 log, 2 — lo; 1 07 | 98 2 OB un 6 log, 2 —log, y=1 log, 2 — log, y =2 eh 4 Dy? S97 Banh payee = 5 y 1g [Set +20! = 10 log, y—log, x =1 log, 2” + log, y = 2 log, (xy) = 4 5 5 3 log, x +log, y=2 o), (2) 9 17/ {08 + BY => log, | og, (2? +9") = iy) log, (7 +¥')=1 log, (v — 4] =5—log, (z+y) log, y 19) lige — 20 lee —lgd log,,,(y +23) =3 Igy —lg3 . og Y— log? 2 = log, (2 —y) =1 as lg, (2 9) =0 +logz? = 2 fy +2Iga os) log? =2 ay (Ve +28 y+ Alger = 28 y-3lga? = flow | tog : P foul? =. ayy [PF 2p Bale =, few, (v Wy) rleg (241) =4 sy —W3 Hog, (2y-+1) +log,_, (22+) au {2ylog, 2 = 2? 32 [510% # = log, u! — logs 2 log, v-log, (y ~32) Jog, = 8— logs + ( 5 2 —y = (log, y —log, 2)(2-+ ay) gay [2(low, # + tow, v) = 5 asi [2-9 (log, y -log, 2)(2 +24) zy = 8 n° +y' =16 Bai LL. Gidi cde bg phuomg trinh mi — logarit st 12) 15) 24 21) 30/ 33 36 log go log gy v we ry = 64 log, y=5 log, (2? +y° +6) = 4 log, 2 +1og, y =1 log, (22 + y-2)=2 log, (27 +72) =2 Ig? 2 = Ig y +g" (zy) z—y)+lgalgy=0 te(2? +y7)=14168 g(x +9) —le(2—-») =1e3 log, « + og, y = je? ty = 12 log{2-+y) —loe, i? =1 log, 2y.log, = = — ey log? + log? y = log, « log, y" Jog, 2 — log, y = Chung W Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitThs. Lé Van Boan www. MATHVN.com Phén loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 (a2 =1152 » 3.27 =18 yy Pe = 972 [POR eas) =? oe, ( +y)=-1 log 5 (z-v) =2 bese oA Jer = gee y Pay 0 Pe log, # —log, y= 1 (42)"" = (3u) + log, 2 PY 4 yt ng B ¥ 5 ty flog, x—log, y=1 9) glist) 5 2log, 2-3" = 15 log, (zy) = log, 2? vf _wfbelelets [lem # +o, = 3¥.log, 2 = 2.log, ¢ +3" ye" = dy +3 : ey (ay oy wy [2 = 32 a 3) -f 1s les (e log, (2 —v)=1—Iog, (+4) log, (2+ y} + log, (2 y) =4 08, #— 1098, ¥ = (gist) 94 fay) [2 4 y "6" — 97 log, ay = log, 2° rw [" =2+(a9) WW " vy [OEY OF le y’ — 30 ~3y=12 log, y — log, x ly = dy +3 gr +igy=4 a = 36 (c+ ya <2 vy fev 29 eg met ae [2"" = 100 |4(x—2y) ~ log, =9 Slog, (e+ y)=2-y [pF peny a8 = y! ge — o¥ a | : ow lyr oat weg gf 2 7 leas ry >0 yg cy [ety baat a6 [18s # +108, v= an {avlog, = = [ear <2 og, (2° +97) =1 log, y.log, (y ~32) Bai 12. Giai ede hg phuong trinh logarit sau 1 log, 2 +1og, 2 + log, 2 =2 vt °8 Y Mog, y +log, z+ log, 2 = 2 log, 2 log, y= 7 log, 2 + log, x + log, y =2 _.(-ay+y—22+2)-+1og,,,(2—1) =6 4, flog. -[1-2y+y/) 410g, (1+22 +2") _.(¥+5)—2log,,, (¢+4)=1 1og,_, (1-422) +log._, (1-4 2x) =2 jog, 1+3V1 2") = tog, (194) +2 + 3y1— 97} = log, (1 2") +2 = 60 - www mathyn.com Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 1 logy, (2 yj=l gy le8,# log, y* — log 2 2, lou (2+ 9) =1 log, = 8 — log, ’ 3e log, x +1og, y = —2log, log, 3-+ log, y = y + log, 9 7 10) log, 2 + log, y = 51g10 log, 12 +log, lx, +8) log, V1 + 3sinz = log, (3cosy) tor fein 29% 5 1 log, 1+ 3cosy = log, (sin z) z <1 cos 16 bit phuong tinh mii— logarit ar +ar <1 ay [er 3a <2 2+ By > 2—log, 3 3 4 " Soll 5 tt gpa 5) o pbl-sb-rf lo log, (2 +2) >2 og, 2 + lo, (2 +1} 0 gy [t-(0~4) 1 fit [2—¥) log, (3-2) <0 log, (20-2) >0 jog, Vi—z < log, (32) wy 7 et+oez <1g(7.2" +12} |= =" _ ‘ 14! ta? — 16r + 64 ligvr +7 > Ie(x ~5)—21g2 (2 —1)tg2 + 1g (2 + log, (r +2) >2 >o > 14m? 3 im? Slim ar 2m -1 5) 4 — m2 +m4+3<0 6 9 —m3' +m4+3<0 Chung , Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 LogatitThs. Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 1 BST NE —3-m 91 A +m.2* +m—1S0 1o/ 3°" —(m +3).3° <2(m +3) Lat (2m 4 1).2°9 4m? pm >0 121.9% (2m 1).3* 4m? —m>0 13 3.4" =(m~=1).2* -2(m—1) <0 14/ m.25* —5* —m-1>0 IS! log, (2* 2 +m) > 16/ log, 100 7106, 100 > 0 1+ log’, x w+ a iy Se —log, 7 1+log, 2 I+log, = 20/ log,_., (2 ~1)> log,_,, (2" +2 ~2) Bai 15. Tim tham s6m dé céc bit phuong trinh ma — logarit sau e6 nghigm ding véi: W (8m +1).12* +(2—m).6° +3" <0,¥2>0 Y (m1). +2 +m+1> 3 mg" —(2m+1).6° +ma? 0,¥e a TH a im > ove 0 4 $2 Sn Vie Ls 1+ log, (2? +1) > log, (ma” ~ dz +m), ar 121 log, (72? +7) 2 log, (maz” 13/ log, (a? 2-4) +4, flog, (2? —22-+m} <5 er 1s) lp ~ tog, | 4a +m), ve Bai16, Tim tham s6 m dé mpi nghifm ea bt Phuong tn (1) Ba fi ngigm ei bit phuoe trinh(2) (2) +t)" o 0), BoP a WV (4 +f >12 () y Poe >s (1) (0) (n- J2?—2me—(m-1f <0 (2) 1 gor age ye aye 92 +450 EF eof 12 () if a3 3 v ajrtm(r+3)+1>0 i / ’ oz? +(m+2)2+2-3m <0 (2) (log 2 + log, * <0 (1) log, (52° 82 +3) >0 () sf + (| () |x? + mr +m? +6m <0 (2) (2) B17. Tim tp nic din cia ede him s6 logarit sou -5e+ vy y=Vi6—2".log, Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira = Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 4) yaa +2 20g, (9— 8, (9 61 y= flog, (7- 22-2") 8 10 y 1a y prs, Peal) VF 22-8 BiG 18. Gidi cic bit phuong tinh logarit sau, biét 2 = o 1a mot nghifm eda phuong trink tuong dng siy = 2 16 tog, (2? 2 2}> og, (-2 20 48) 2 tog, (22° + 2+ Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs. Lé Van Boan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 ON TAP CHUONG IL —n—_ Bai 1. Gi cde phon teinh y 2 ao a ghd age ¥ vane (0,04) ‘ 3i or st alse * = 500 ie * = 10% Bai 2. Gidi cde phwong tinh sau va 9.9" 48=0 2 3) 64.9" ~84.12" 427.16" =0 ai 6 2 12=0 5) 9° 36.39 6 38 43% 428 = alg, V2 use 4 fez fay “fe vay 10 9 gr 3%" 219-0 toy get — 12 git CChufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thiza ~ Ham s6 LogPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 Ths. Lé Van Boan Vo 3°? > 3-9 v3 43% 3% —1 1 flog, 2| log, 2 -3<0 51 log, (2-2) > log > 0) 4 wy = —_<0 log, (2-1) 91 log, |log, (3* - 9} 10/ log, 27 <1 12 (0,5)"3 9 > 1 14 og, ox, =< op, oe, 24 r+ set Gidi cdc hg phuong trinh sau: lima . [ov =125 [32° 12.3" =2,75 5 [2-3 =-0,75 4 [ve —\2y = Via V8 327 f ; } g, 2 —log, y= 08,5 (tv) =2 vw log, v = 0 (Oe i. I og, 2 log, y= 2 iy inte to v= JE flog, x + log, y = 1+ log, 5 Q Ig(a? +) -1=1g13 2 fie? +y2) 1 = Iga 7 g(x +y)—le(z—y) = 3lg2 16) = 66 - www.mathvn.com Chung Il, Ham s6 mG — Ham sé lay thita ~ Ham sé Log: ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan 210g, x— 3° = 15 ; Be 20 3" lo log, 2+ log, (2 =) 32 1=log, (x+y) 2 3.2" = 576 loge (v2) = Chung ll, Ham s6 ma ~ Ham 6 lly tha ~ Ham sé LogaritThs, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 24 +E ON TAP HOC Kil EL +1 z a Khao sit va vé 65 thi ham sé (C). Cau 1, Cho ham sé y ) b/ Vide phusong trinh tigp tuyén eita (C) , bids tgp tuyén vudng goc vii duimg thing A: 3a —y+2=0. cf Ching minh ring during thing d:y = 2 +m tun edt (C) 2 gio dm phan big fai cde phuong trinh va bit phuong trinh sau: V5 5) 2 4— loge 4) log, log," si cc him 36 sau: % g(z)=1n(2? + Bin lun theo m s6 eye tr oia him sé:_y = 2° —2m*e* +1 Cho hinh chép SABC ¢6 SA 1 (ABC), AABC 1a tam gide vubng tai A. Goi Il, K 1 hinh chigu vuéng g6c cia A trén BC, SH. Biét AB = 3a, BC = 54,SB hop véi mit pl a/ Tinh thé tich cua kh6i chop S.ABC by Chimg minh ring: (SAH) 1 (SBC) 1g diy 1 g6e bing.60" ef Ching minh ring: AK L (SBC) —+ a(4(sBo Pe & Tinh khodng cich ti trong tim G cia AABC dén mit phing (SBC) e/ Xéc djnh tam I va bin kinh mat clu ngoai tiép hinh chop SABC pE2 Cau 1, Cho him sé y= —2" +3271 (C) a/ Khao sat sy bién thign vi vé 48 thj him sé (C’) by Vide phuong tia tigp tuyén eva (C’),bigt tgp wyéa song song véi dung thing A: 9 +y = 0 0 cf Diya vio d hi) hy big ath m 6 hig eda phuong inks 2” — 32? +2—m Gifi ce phuong tinh va ede bit phuongtrinh sau a Bg 2 bi log, (3° —1) log, (3° — Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira ~ Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan Wey |e 2a log’, 2 log, 2-6 <0 by) ez es ‘Tim gif tr lm nhdt va gié tri nhé nbdt cia cée him 26 sau af f(z)=32'-2° —7e+1 wen[0;2] —b g(z)=(2" +42 +1).€° * wen |-2;3) Cau, Dinh dé nim ab: y ma! ~(m+6)2-+msau khong ex Cau 5, Cho hinh chép S.A BCD 6 day 18 hinh vudng canh a,SA vudng g6e véi mat dé trung diém cia SC af Tinh Ve snc by Chimg minh ring: [1 tim eta mat céu ngoai tiép hinh chop S.A BCD . Tink thé tich khéi cau dé. cf Tinh thé tich kh6i tir dign SABI a Tinh a{1,(SABD)) ef Tinh tan eda gée tao bai 2 mat phing (SBD) va mat phing (ABCD) DEB Cho ham s6 y= —2' +22* +3 (C) a/_Khéo sét sy bién thién va vé dé thi him sé (C’) by Viét phuong trinh tiép tuyén cia (C’ tai giao diém cia (C}) véi true hoanh, of Dya vio (C’), tim m dé phwong trinh sau 06 4 nghigm phin bigt x* — 22* + log, m = 0 BAi2, Gidi cée phuong tri va bét phuong tinh sau: al 3° 4.3" 497 =0 by log,'+log,; (92°) =9 of OM 273" W log’, # —log,,2-2<0 Bai 3, ‘Tim gid tr Kim nbdt va gid tej ho ubft cia ede ham sb sau ()_ af f(z)=2°—82" 4167-9 wen[t;3)—b/ g(z) = teen fice") = Bai 4, Timtham sé m8 him sé: y => ma? + (2m —1)2—m +2cé hai eye tri ddu duane, BAiS, Cho hin chop te giée déu S.A BCD of eanh day bing a, g6e gita mit bén va mat diy bing 60". Goi I 18 trung diém cia BC va O la tim cia m§t diy, IT 1a hinh chigu vudng 6c eta O trén ST al Tinh thé tich cia Khdi chop S.ABCD b/ Ching minh ring: mp (SOL) 1 mp(SBC} ef Ching minh ring: OH |. ($C). Tinh khong cach tir diém O dén m@t phing(SBC) d/ Xéc dinh tim va bin kinh mat edu ngoai tip hinh chop S.ABCD DEA Ciut, Chohim sé y= 2+ 3m—? fg ) atm af Binh m dé ham sé nghich bién wén timg khong xée dinh cia né. by Khio sét va vé a8 thi him s6 (C) Khim = 3. Chung ll, Ham sé mi Ham sé ldy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit,Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 cau 4, 0 by log’, (7 +1)—Slog, (2 +1) + log, 32 = 0 a tog, 3. Timete ding tigm efn vi GTLN—GTNN cia him s6 ear P—3et Cho hinh chép S.ABCD e6 dy ABCD 18 hinh vung canh a, SA | (ABCD). Géc gitta SC va mat phing 1a(C’) tai diém dé 6 he 86 g6e bing 2 ef Tim cée diém thu (C) a8 tigp tw / Goi M la diém bat ky thuge(C’) . Tiép tuyén tai M cit tigm cfm dig va tigm cf ngang lin legt tai A va B.Chimg minh ring: M 1a trung diém eta AB cede phuong trink vit ede bat phuong trinh sau diy bing 30° a/ Tink thé tich eta kh6i chép S.ABCD. by Tinh dign tich A SBC. cf Goi M,E, F lin lugt la trung diém SA, DA, AB. vi G,, G> lin lugt 1 trong tm eta eae tam gide Vwi, _, Vee ASAD va ASAB. Tinh tisé: “2% —, pes Cho ham sé y af Timm dé him. 2. Tim gid tri cue tiéu dé. bb/ Khao sit va vé 68 thi him s6(C’) khi m = 2 cf ya vio db thi(C), hy tim kA phuong wi: 2" ~ 3x? + Slog, k = 0 663 nghim pin bgt bf Vike phuong trinh tgp tuyén voi (C), bide tgp tuyén vudng g6e voi A: + 3y +12 =0 Giai cde phuomg trinh va cée bat phuomg trinh sa: v {eves} [6-5 =12 By log, of 237 — 6.3 a >9 log, log, =) | > log, log, ( im gif trom nhat va gi6 tri no nt cia cde ham s6 sau a y=(3—a)vo" +1 wen (0;2] w y= 32 Se +4sin’ x E+ 2o0s' Cho hinh chop S.ABCD e6 diy ABCD 1a hint thang vuong tai A va B. Cho SA = 2AB = 2BC = 2a, SA=a va SAL (ABCD) ay Tin thé tich eva khéi chép S.ABCD. b Chimg minh ring: CD.L (SAC), Tiah dign tich xung quanh khdi chp S.ABCD. e/ Xée dinh tam va ban kinh mt cdu qua 4 diém S, A, B, C. Tinh dign tich mt c nay. DEG Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira ~ Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phdp gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan al Khéo sét va vd thj him s6(C) khi m =1 by Ding(C) bign luga sé nghigm eta phuong trink 2 — 22" + 2—3a ef Viet phuong trinh tiép tuyén eta(C’) rai diém M € (C)c6 tung d6 bing 1 va hoa 46 am. Timm aé(C,)e63 aid ope ng 3 dim cet 13 inh cia mf tam gide vung. Cau 2. Giai cée bat phwong trinh vi phuong trinh sau: a #43" = 30 by log, of 9-4" +3.<0 & to, (2" = ).log, (2° -2) = 12 )-loe, (: ) Cho y = e*, Ching minh ring: y' cos — ysin x —y" = 0. Tim gi tr em nhit va gid tr nho mht cin ib y= wn dom au 4, Cho hinh chép $.A BCD o6 day ABCD 1a hinh chit nhat c6 AB aN , hai mat bén($A.B)va (SAD) cing vudng gée véi diy, goc gita SC vi mit diy bing 60° a! Tinh thé tich cba khdi chop $.A BCD b/ Goi M la tring diém cia $B, la diem tn can SC vét S.AMN ©! Goi H, K, Llin hugt 1 hinh chiéu vubng goe cba A nén $B, $C, SD . Xée dinh tém va ban ki mit clu qua cée diém A,B,C,D,I,K,L 7 = 2NS . Tinh thé tich eta khdi chop DET Cau 1. Cho him sé: y a! Bidm A € (C., }o6 hodnh d6 biing 1. Tim mn dé tigp tuyén cia (C., ) tai A song song y — Sx + 2012 bb/ Khao sét va ve dé thi him s6(C) khi m = 2 of Tima dé duimg thing A: y= 2a +3 cét(C) tai 3 giao diém phan bige. W Timk dd dudng thing dy = ke + Foit(c) sis idm phan bit. Ciu2. Giai cée phuomg trinh vi céc bat phucmg trinh saw: af 3 43h =10 by log, [x7 }) — log, (62-10) +1 =0 @ log, 2+ log, dr = 3 48.3 = Tim gid tr lén nhat va gid trj nh6 nhdt eta ede him sé sau: Cau 4, Cho him s6: y= ng ign ra tp xe dinh ota no by Tim tham 56 m dé ham s6 062 oye tia af Tim tham s6 1m dé ham si Cu 5, Cho hinh chép SABC c6 during cao SA = 2a, SB = 5a, ABC wing tai B va ACB = 60° af Tinh Vanco Chung ll, Ham sé mi Ham sé ldy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit,Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 bY Xée dinh tam I mit clu ngosi tgp Khéi chop S.ABC . Tinh dign tich mit bu ni. cf Goi M la trung diém cia SB, HI la hinh chiéu cua A lén SC. Mat phing (A.MH ) chia khéi chop thanh 2 phan, Tin 1th tch eva 2 phiin ds, z+1 - Cho hmm s6(C) y Dinh dé ducing thing ds y= | m eit(C’} wi 2 giao diém A vi B phn bigt. Véi sid tri ndo cua m thi AB = 43. pEe Qe +m Cau 1. Cho ham sé: y = (¢,) x1 } ay ‘Timm dé him sé ding bign wen mai khodng xée dinh eb n. by Khdo sit va vé d8 thi him s6(C) khi m = —1 ef Viét phuong trinh dudng thing d song song véi dudng thing A : x+y —1=0 va tig xe v6i(C) Viet phurong tinh tgp tuyén eta (C2) tei giao diém cia ("va ere hod Cau 2, Giai cde phuomg trinh va céc bat phuomg trinh sau: by 6 +2" =4.3° +32 tog, (2-1) =7 @ Alog, 2+ log, 3 = 3 (Cu 3, Tim gid tr lém nbit va gid tr no nbd cita cde hm s6 sau: aw y=r'—82" +16 tréndoan |-1;3] by =ar'e" tren doan |-3;2| Ciud. Cho im sy = In Ching minh ring: ay'+ 1 = e Cho hinh chép d8uS.ABCD co dutmg cao SO = 2a, canh bén hop véi mat phing day 1 g6e 30" a Tink Vy sae by Tinh dign tich xung quanh cia hinh chop S.ABCD. - ef Xée dinh tim I eta mit eau ngosi tigp hinh chop S.ABCD, Tink thé tich khdi ed nay. d/ Tink khodng céich tir tam O aén mit phing (SCD), = (c) “3 Cho him sby == sao cho tiép tuyén etia(C) tai M tao véi 2 truc toad mot tam gid ¢6 dign tich m Mel DES Cho ham sé: y 4(m+1)z* +m af Tim tham sém 8 ham s606 ding 1 eve ti by Khio sit vi wd th him s6(C) khi m = 0 / Biga lug theoa s6 nghigm cha phomg trinh: 2‘ 22" — 2" = 0 & Viet phuong triah tp tuyén eba{C) tai giao diém eta(C') va Parabol (P): y = 22 +4 Giai cée phuong trinh va cae bat phuong trinh sau: w (3~2v2)"* =(3+208)“* b B24" 2" 42>0 ef log,, 8 — log,, 2+ log, 243 = 0 & log, (9" = im gif tlm nt va git nbd née cde ham s6 sau: Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira ~ Ham s6 Log ritPhan loai va phitong phap gidi todin 12 www.MATHVN.com Ths. Lé Van Boan : au 4. Cho him sé: y = sin(Inz) + cos (In). Chimng minh ring: «*y "+ 2y'+ y = 0. Cau, Cho hinh chop S ABCD c6 2 mit bén (SAB) va (SAD) ciing vung g6e véi mit day va SC = 3a. SC hop ‘vi mat phing day mot g6e 60° af Tinh Vs,anco. cf Goi M € SC, SM = 2MC ,N ahinh chiéu cia A len SD. Tinh V, Cau6, Cho ham séy = igi 118 giao diém 2 dudmg tigm edn eta(C’) , Tim M € (C) sao cho tigp tuyén cta{C) tai M vudng gée véi duang thing IM. pi 10 Caw 1. Choham sé: y= 2° +32? +mr+1 (C,) ay Timm dé him s6 06 eve dui vi eve Hu b/ Khao sat sw bign thign va ve 43 thj ham s6(C) khi m = 4 ¢/ Chimng minh ring: phuong rih 2° +32? + 4+ = 0 ludno6 ding 1 nghigm Va € R dl) Viét phuong trinh tigp tuyén v6i(C), biét tgp uyén 46 6 hg s6 gée bing 4. ef Tim mdé durang thing y = 1 oit(C,,)tai 3 diém phan bigt A, B, C (0,1) 41 Timm dé tidp tuyén cata (C,, )tai A vi B vung gée nhau. Giai céc phurong trinh va bat phuong aw (o—vary +7(54+V2i) =82" wi 42 ae +3=0 W log, z~log, (r~2)>3 au 3, ‘Tim gid lon ohdt va gid ti nh nhit cia him sé: Br af y= adn trén dogn |1,e"| vi én doan [2,4] rel inh dao ham bac mbit cia him 36 f (x). Tim tap xée dinh Cavs, Chohim sé f(2)=(-22° 4 321). cea ham sé: g(x) = flog iG? —32+2\+4—2 Cau. Cho hinh chép d8uS.ABC , mat bén hop vei mat diy mét g6c60°, canh day bang a al Tinh thé tich khdi chap SABC by/ Xe dinh tam I va tinh thé tich khéi edu ngoai tiép hinh chop SABC ef Tinh khodng céch tir dén mp (SBC) 1 3 io) \ au6, Chohim sy =32!— ma? +3 (0, ) Tinm dé him s8(C, Jo 3. ot hp tinh tm ie db, pr 1L 20-1 Civ. Chohimsé: y= y z+2 (c) Chung Il, Ham sé mi Ham sé Idy thiva — Ham 86 Logatit,Ths, Lé Van Doan www.MATHVN.com Phan loai va phutong phdp gidi todn 12 af Khio sity bién thin vi v8 8 th him s6 (C) ma tigp tuyén tai do song song voi duimg thing A: 5a —y +1=0 by Tim trén(C)} cde cf Tim ede gid tr) m dé dé thj ham s6(C)) cat during thing 4: y = mx +5 tai 2 diém phan bigt A va B. V6i gid tri nao etiam thi 2 diém A vi B nim vé 2 nhénh eta(C) Ciu2. Gidi cde phuong trinh va cée bit phurong trinh sau a 2 5.2" 42=0 by log’, « —log, 9-3 =0 d@ —log -(x—1)—2log, (x — 3) + log, Hg (e—1}—2og (23) = ‘Tim tham sé d& him sé 2 + (2m —1)a* + tr] nh mbt cia cdc him sé: 1 noe’ by m +1) — 16 hai owe tr. ‘Tim gid tri lon mbit va g av yssting $2 tr Cho hin chép S.ABCD e6 déy la hinh vung canh a, tim O, SC hop véi mat phing diy 1 géc 60° vi M13 trung diém cia SC, N la inh ehiéu cba SA len SB. ay Tinh thé tch cit khdi chp S.ABC va S.AMN. by Xée dinh tam va tinh digm ich mat cfu ngoai tip hinh chép S.ABCD. c/ Tinh khoang cach ti A. dén mat phing (SBC) va dign tich ASMN. DE 12 204 + (c) thign va ve 8 thj ham s6(C) Cho him sé y = af Khao st sy bi bY Giao diém cia(C) véi trac hodnh la A. Tigp tuyén A cdi tichAOAB cf Ching minh ring(C) tu et dung no cia m thi AB ngén nhit 4 Mla diém bat ky trén(C). Chimg minh rng tich Khosing eéch tir M én 2 tgm cfm la mot hing sb aA ctre ng iB. Tinh ign ing dy = —a +m tgi2 dim phan bigt A va B. Voi gi ti ef Xée dink toa d6 ciém Ciu.2, Giai ede phuong trinh va céc bat phuong trinh sau af log, (3°! +1) = 2 + log, 4 b/ Jog, [log, (r* 8)j>-1 V ¢ (C) a8 téng khosng cach tir N dn 2 durdmg tigm c@n la nhé nt. of log!, 32 —6log, x —31g10 = 0 & 3.9"! 99.6" +244" > 0 Cho him sé: y= 2! + (2m? —1)24+3 (C) af Tim tham sé dé db thi cia him sé (()) 063 did eve by Tim tham sé dé dé thi cia him sé (C)) cét true hodnh tai 4 idm ndy ip than cp s6cOng(céch dbu nhau). Tim git on nhit va gid tr no nt cia cd him 6 sau phan big, dng thoi hodnh 49 ci 4 af y=e* (x? +2—3) tren dogn [1,2] bv y= Inzln{e"z)) uf | rn oan jee Chufong Il, Ham s6 ma — Ham s6 lly thira ~ Ham s6 Log