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Wedl Discontinuty and Defects (Read-Only) (Compatibility Mode)
Wedl Discontinuty and Defects (Read-Only) (Compatibility Mode)
Dr.S.Suresh
Sr. Deputy General Manager
Definition
Influence
Types
Causes
Remedies
WM
PM
The Mi
Th
Microstructure
t
t
iis diff
differentt in
i the
th different
diff
t
regions of weld zones of weld joint.
So the mechanical properties also vary from
zone to
t zone causing
i heterogeneity
h t
it
Weld Strength
Lack of penetration
Weld Strength
100% Joint Efficiency
y is obtained when
The weld is carried out on both sides
Back gouging is done after welding the first side
LPI or MPT is carried out after Back gouging
100% RT / UT is carried out after second side
welding
Weld Strength
The Electrode or the filler wire should be selected
such that it
Matches with the strength of the base material
Has fairly low carbon & controlled impurities to
avoid cracking
Moisture level is controlled and is of low H2 type
Is usable in all positions
Influence of discontinuities
Types of discontinuities
Metallurgical discontinuity
Fusion type discontinuity
Geometrical discontinuity
Surface discontinuity
Internal
I t
l discontinuity
di
ti it
Voluminar discontinuity
Planar discontinuity
Surface Porosity
Excess Convexity
Spatter
Root concavity
Wire sticking
Excess Reinforcement
Overlap
Undercut
Misalignment
Lack of Penetration
C t pin
Crater
i hole
h l
Crater crack
Surface cracks
G
Gouges
& defects
d f t on
Gas cut surfaces
Spatter
Excess Penetration
P
Excess Penetration
Proper Penetration
Excess Penetration
P
Excess Penetration
Proper Penetration
Root Concavity
Mis-alignment
Mis
Misalignment
Types of Porosity
Distributed Pores
Ali d P
Aligned
Pores
Clustered Pores
Porosity
Gas
Pores
Slag
inclusion
10 mm
Aligned Porosity
10
mm
Slag Inclusion
Slag Inclusion
Lack of fusion
Lack of Penetration
LOP
1-Lack of penetration
between runs
2-LOP at side wall
HAZ
0.5 mm
Lamellar Tearing
Hot Cracking
10 mm
Hot Cracking
Cracking