APPENDIX ; Design Aids TABLE A.1 Designations, diameters, areas, and weights of standard bars Bar Ni Cross-Sectional Nominal Weight, Inch-Pound? —SI® i Area, in? Ib/tt 3 10 On 0376 4 B 0.20 0.668 s 6 031 1.043 6 19 0.44 1.502 7 2 0.60 2084 8 25 0.79 2.670 9 29 1 = 1.128" 1.00 3.400 10 32 1 = 1.270 127 4,303 ul 36 1} = 1410 1.56 5313 “4 B 1} = 1693" 2.25 7.650 18 37 24 = 2.257° 4.00 13.600 “Based on the number of eighths of an inch included in the nominal diameter of the bars The nominal ‘diameter of a deformed bar is equivalent to the diameter ofa plain bar having the samme weight per foot as the deformed bar. Bar number approximates the number of millimeters included in the nominal diameter ofthe bar, Bars are ‘marked with tis designation, “Approximate to nearest i, 751752 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Appendix A TABLE A.2 Areas of groups of standard bars, in? Number of Bars Pound SI ee eee) Seen oeeee ee 9 0 M12 4 1 020 040 060 080 1.00 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 S16 OBL 062-093 1.24 SS 18627-24879 3.03.41. 3.72 6 19 044 O88 1.32.76 2:20 264 «= «3.08 3:52 3.96 44D 4845.28 7 22 0.60 1201.80 2.40 3.00 360 420 4.80 © 5.40 6.00 6.60 7.20 8 25 «079158237 38UG 39S «474553632 TLD 7190 8699.48 9 2 1.00 200-300 4.00 5.00 600 7.00 800 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 10-3227 25h 381 508635762889 10161143 1270-1397 15.24 1-36 1563.12 468 6.24 7:80-9:36 1092 1248 1404 15.60 17.16 18.72 43225450675 9.00 11.25 13.50 15.75 18.00 2025 2250 2475 27.00 18 574.00 8.00 12.00 16.00 20.00 24.00 28.00 32.00 36.00 40.00 44.00 48.00 TABLE A.3 Areas of bars in slabs, in?/ft Po BaNo Spacing, Pound: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 " in. Sk 10 13 16 19 22 25 29 32 36 3 04s 078 123 197 240 34400506625, af 038 067 1.05 151 2.06 2.69 343434 5.36 4 0.33 059 092 132 1.80 2.36 300 «380468 4 029 052 0.82 18 1.60 2.09 267337417 5 0.26 07 078 1.06 Lag 1.88 240 3043.75 5 024 03 0.67 0.96 131 Ln 218 2763.41 6 022 039 061 oss 1.20 137 2000-25332 ot 020 036 07 082 Lu 143 185 2342.89 i 019 034 053 0.76 1.03 135 1M 2I7 2.68 1 os 031 049 o7 0.96 1.26 202 2.50 8 07 0.29 0.46 0.665 090 118 189234 9 os 0.26 oat 059 080 1.05 133 1692.08 10 013 024 037 03 on 094 12000182187 2 oul 0.20 031 oad 0.60 0.78 1.00 127 156DESIGN AIDS 153 TABLE A.4 Limiting steel reinforcement ratios for tension-controlled members Pooos" Proms? fpsi fi psi by = 0.005 —«, = 0.004 Prin a 40000 3000 08s 0.0208 0.0232 0.0050 4000 0.85 oz 0.0310 0.0080 5000 0.80 0.0319 0.0364 0.0050 6000 075 0.0359 0.0410 0.0050 7000 0770 0.0390 0.0446 0.0050 8000 065 0.0414 0.0474 0.0050 9000 0.465 0.0466 0.0533 0.0050 50,000 3000 as 0.0163 0.0186 0.0040 4000 os 0.0217 0.0248 6.0040 5000 0.80 0.0255 0.0291 0.0040 6000 075 0.0287 0.0328 0.0040 7000 0.70 0.0312 0.0357 0.0040 8000 065 0.0332 0.0379 0.0040 : 9000 065 00373 0.0426 0.0040 60,000 3000 085 0.0135 0.0135 0.0033 4000 08s 00181 0.0206 0.0033 5000 0.80 0.0213 0.0243 6.0033 6000 075 0.0239 0.0273 0.0033 7000 0.70 0.0260 0.0298 0.0033 8000 065 0.0276 0.0316 0.0033 9000 0.65 0.0311 0.0335 0.0033 75,000 3000 as 0.0108 0.0124 0.0027 +4000 085 0.0145 0.0165 0.0027 5000 0.80 0.0170 0.0194 0.0027 6000 075 0.0191 0.0219 0.0027 7000 070 0.0208 0.0238 0.0027 8000 065 0.0221 0.0283 0.0027 9000 065 0.0249 0.0284 0.0027 fi 0003 = OB T O00 +e, 03758, g 7 049, 5 = 0.4298,754 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Appendix A TABLE A.Sa Flexural resistance factor: R = 6 1- = 40,000 psi fe, psi e 3000 4000 5000 6000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0.0005 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30 0.0010 40 40 40 40 59 59 0 0 0.0015 59 39 60 60 88 89 89 89 0.0020 » 7» 9 9 uy 118 118 119 0.0025 98 99 99 99 146 147 147 148 0.0030 7 118 ns 119 174 175 176 7 0.0035 136 137 138 138 201 204 205 206 0.0040 155 136 137 157 29 232 233 234 0.0045 14 175, 176 7 256 259 261 263 0.0050 192 194 195 196 282 287 289 291 0.0055 aut 213 214 215 309 314 317 319 0.0060 209 232 233 234 335 341 345 347 0.0065 247 250 252 253 360 368 372 375 0.0070 265 268 m m2 385 304 309 403 0.0075 282 287 289 291 410 420 426 430 0.0080 300 305 308 310 435 446 453 457 0.0085 317 323 326 329 459 47 479 485 0.0090 335 341 345 347 483 497 506 su 0.0095 352 359 363 366 506 522 532 538 0.0100 369 376 381 384 529 547 558 565 0.0108 385 394 399 403 552 sn 583 591 0.0110 402 412 417 421 575 596 609 617 o.o11s 419 429 435 439 597 620 634 643 0.0120 435 446 453 451 618 644 659 669 0.0125 451 463 an 476 640 667 684 695 0.0130 467 480 488 494 661 691 708 720 0.0135 483 497 506 sn 681 714 733 746 0.0140 499 si4 523 529 702 736 157 mm 0.0145 514 331 540 547 m2 759 781 196 0.0150 529 547 558 565 7a 781 805 821 0.0155 545 563 515 582 760 803 828 845 0.0160 560 580 592 600 825 852 870 0.0165 595 596 609 617 846 875 894 0.0170 589 612 626 635 867 898 918 0.0175 604 628 642 652 888 920 942 0.0180 618 a4 659 669 909 943 966 0.0185 633 660 676 686 929 965 989 0.0190 7 615 692 703 949 987 1013 0.0195 661 691 708 720 969 1009 1036 0.0200 615 706 ns 737 988 1031 1059DESIGN AIDS 755 TABLE A.Sb Flexural resistance factor: R = pf, 40,000 psi 60,000 psi £, psi f, psi a 3000 4000 5000 6000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0.003, 7 18 ug 119 m4 175 176 im 0.008 155 156 137 137 229 232 233 24 0.005, 192 194 195 196 282 287 289 291 0.006 29 232 233 234 335 341 345 347 0.007 265 268 am 2m | 385 394 399 403 0.008, 300 305 308 310 435 446 453 457 0.009 335, Bal 345 347 483 497 506 sil 0010 369 316 381 384 529 547 558 565 oon 402 412 417 421 315 596 609 617 0.012 435 446 453 457 618 644 659 669 0013, 467 480 488 494 661 61 708 n0 oo 499 314 523 529 702 736 157 ™m 001s 529 347 558 565 7a 781 805 821 oo16 560 580 so2 600 79 825 852 870 oo17 589 612 026 635 867 398 918 ooi8 618 644 659 669 909 943 966 oo | 647 615 692 703 949 987 1013 0.020 615 706 nS 737 988 1031 1059 021 702 136 187 ™ 1073 1104 0.022 728 166 789 804 1s 1149 0.023 154 196 820 837 1156 1193 o.024 825 852 870 1196 1237 0.025 853 882 902 1280 0.026 881 913 934 1322 0.027 909 943 966 1363 0.028 936 on 997 0.029 962 1002 1028 0.030 988 1031 1059 0.031 ois 1039 1089 0.032 1087 1119 0.033, 1s 149 0.034 1142 1179 0.035 1170 1208 0.036 1196 1237 | 1265 0.038 | 1294 0039 | 1322 oo | 1349 0.041 1376156 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Appendix A TABLE A.6 Parameters k and j for elastic, cracked section beam analysis, where k= Vpn + (on)? = pnij= 1 — 3k n=7 n=8 n=9 10 e k iz k i k i k i 0.0010 0.112, 0.963 orig 0.960 0.125 0.958 0.132 0.956 0.0020 (Ost 094968 0.945 0173 09a 0.180 0940 0.0030 «08509380196 0.935 0207 0931 0217 0928 0.00% = 0210 «09300223, 0.906 0235 0922 0.245 osis 0.000 02320923046 osis 0258, oss 0270 0910 0.0051 0240 = 0820-08 oats oon 0279 0907 0.0058 0287980262 0913 0.908 0287 0904 0.0062 0254 = oa1s 0268 0.910 0283 0.906 0296 001 0.0066, 0.261 0.913 0.276 0.908 0.290 0,903 0.303 0.899 0.0077 = 0268 =o 0283 0.906 0298 0.901 oan 03896 0.0072, 0.271 0.910 0.287 0.904 0.301 0.900 0314 0.895, 0.007% = 0274 = 0909-0290 0.903 0305 0899 0318 094 0.0075 = 027708080283 0.902 0308, 0897 0321 0893 0.0078 = 0280 «= 0907-0296 0.901 oan 0896 0325 0892 0.008 = 028309060200 0.900 oss 0895 0328 0391 0.0082 0.286 0.905 0.303 0.899 0317 0.894 0.331 0.890 0.008 = 028909040306 0.998 0321 0893 0334 03889 0.008 = 029209030308 0897 0324 0802 0338 0387 0.0088 = 0.295 092 = 031 0896 0327 0891 0341 0.886 0.009 = 0298 «0.90114 0895 0330 0890 034s oes 0.0092 0300 = 0900-0317 0.904 0332 0889 0347 088s 0.0094 0.303 0.899 0.320 0.893 0.335 0.888 0.350 0.883 0.0095 0305, «08980323 os 0338 0887 0353 0382 0.0098 0308» 08970325 osm 0341 0886 0355 082 0.0100, O31L 0.896 0.328 0.891 0.344 0.885 0.358 0.881 0010s = 0316-08808 ogs9 0.349 osss 0364 0879 00108 = 0321 0893 0.238 0887 0353 0882 0369 0877 oor 0325 082 0248 0886 0359 0880 0374 03875 00116 0330 «0890348 0.884 0368 0879 0379 0874 0.0120 0.334 0.889 0.882, 0.369, 0.877 0.384 0.872 091 = 0339 8s 0881 0374 0875 0389 0870 0.0128 0.343 0.886, 0.879 0.378 0.874 0.394 0.867 001320347 088s og7s 0383 0872 0398 03867 0913 0351 0883 087 0387 og7t 0403 0.866 09180 0355 0882 0875 0392 0.69 0407 0864 0.0144 0.359 0.880 0.874 0.396 0.868 0412 0.863 0.0148 0.363 0.879 0.873 0.400 0.867 0416 0.861 oo1s2 0367 087s ogni 040s 0.865 0420 03860 00156 0371 0876 0870 0.408 ones 0424 0859 00160 = 03740875 0869 oai2 0863 0.498 0857 0017 0383 0872 0867 0421 0860 0437 08s 0018 0392 0369 0863 0430 0857 0.446 ost 09190 0400 0.867 0860 0438 0854 0455 0848 0mm = 0.407 0864 0857 0.446 0851 0.463 0846DESIGN AIDS TABLE A.7 Maximum number of bars as a single layer in beam stems 157 Zin. Maximum Size Aggregate, No. 4 (No. 13) Stirrups® Bar No. Beam Width b,, in. inch- Pound SI 8 10 12 #14 1% 18 20 22 26 2% 2 30 5 6 2 4 5 6 1 8 10 i 2 13 15 16 6 9 2 3 4 6 1 8 9 0 12 4 15 7 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 u 12 13 8 25 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 WW 12 B 9 29 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 9 10 ul 10 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 10 136 1 2 3 3 4 5 3 6 7 8 8 9 4 4B 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 1 8 1837 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 1 in. Maximum Size Aggregate, No. 4 (No. 13) Stirrups* Bar No. Beam Width b,, in. Inch- Pound SI 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 u 2 13 6 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 n 12 7 2 1 2 03 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 u 8 25 12003 4 3 6 7 7 8 9 10 u er) 12 3 4 3 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 10 32, ieee) 3 4 5 6 6 7 1 8 9 10 “Minimum conerete cover assumed to be If in, tothe No. 4 (No. 13) stirrup. Source: Adapted from Ref. 38, Used by permission of American Conerete Institute758 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Appendix A TABLE A.8 Minimum number of bars as a single layer in beam stems governed by crack control requirements of the ACI Code (a) 2 in. clear cover, les and bottom Minimum Number of Bars as a Single Layer of a Beam Stem Bar No. e Beam Stem Width b,, in. Inch- Pound SI 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Bi 0-48 tT 2 2 88 88 8 KK KS 18 57 Hor 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 jum Number of Bars as a ingle Layer of a Beam Stem Bar No. Beam Stem Width b,, in. __ inch Pound SI 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 26 26 28 30 32 34 36 34 1013 1 1 20 2 8 88 8 S14 6438 1 12 2 8888 8a 18 37 1102 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4DESIGN AIDS 759 TABLE A.9 Design strength $M, for slab sections 12 in. wide, ft $M, = bptbd(1 — 0.59pF,/f.) Effective Depth d, fipsi p 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7.0 80 9.0 10.0 120 3000 0.002 09 «13° «17 21 26 «320 38 4552 OT 8S OSSD 0003 «14 «19 25 32 39 47 56 66 77 100 127 156 225 0004 19 25 33 42 SI 62 74 87 101 132 167 206 296 0005 23° 31 41 51 64 77 91 107 124 163 206 25.4 366 00006 «270-2370 «48 OL 75 91108127 148198 2A BOB 0007 31 42 SS 70 &7 105 125 147 170 22 281 347 499 0008 «35 «48 63 79 98 118 141 165 192 250 317 301 563 0.009 «39° «53° «70 «88 109 «131 «156 «184 «3 7B 352434626 0010 43° «S876 «496 «19144171201 283 30S 386476 (OBE ool 47 63 83 105129 «156 186 B53 BLAST 74.4 4000 0002 10 13 17 21 27 32 38 45° 52 68 8G 106153, 003 «140 «192503239 4B S87 OT 7.7 1G 128158 22.7 0006 19 26 33 42 52 63 75 88 102 133 169 208 300 000s 23° 32 41 52 65 78 93 109 126 165 209 258 372 0006 «28 «6938 «449 62 77 93 110 130 150 196 249 30.7 44.2 0007 «3200 430«57°0«- 72-89-1077 128 15074 227 287358 SLL 0008 436 «649° «64 «81 (100 «1214S, 17019-7257 325 AO «S78 0009 «400«S50«7220=«Osd2sBS, 18D D286 362 44TH 0010 44 «60-79 «100 123 «149-177 Kd HS 399 49.2709 0011 48 66 86 109 134 162 193 27 263 343 434 536 772 0012 «52-71 «93:74 17S 09 4S 4 TL 469579 BS. 0013 56 76 99 126 155 188 224 262 304 398 503 621 89.5 0014 60 81 106 134 166 200 238 280 325 424 536 66.2 954 OOS 63 86 112 142 176 212 253 297 344 «450 «569 70.2 101.2 5000 0.002 10 13 17 22 27 32 38 45 52 68 86 106 153 0003 14 19 25 32 40 48 57 67 78 01 128 159 28 0004 19 26 34 43 52 63 76 89 103 134 170 210 302 0005 23° 32 42 53 65 79 94 110 128 167 211 260 375 0.006 28 38 50 63 78 94 112 131 152 199 251 310 44.7 0007 32 44 «57 73° 90 109 129 152 176 230 © 29.1 359 SLT 0008 37 «5.0 65 83 102 123 147 172 200 261 330 408 587 0009 41 56 73 92 14 138 164 192 223 291 369 455 65.5 0010 45 61 «80 102 125 152 181 22 246 321 406 © S02 723, Oo 49 67 88 IL1 137 166 19.7 231 268 351 444 S48 789 0012, «53° «73° «95 120 «148-179-213 25.19.1379 48059384 0013 57 78 102 129 159 193 229 269 312 408 S16 637 918 0014 61 «83 109 138 170 206 245 288 334 436 55.2 68.1 9B. OO1IS 6S 89 116 147 181 219 261 306 355 463 586 724 1043 0016 69 94 123 155 192 232 276 324 375 49.0 621 766 1103 0017 73° 99 129 164 202 244 291 341 396 51.7 6548081163760 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Appendix A TABLE A.10 Simplified tension development length in bar diameters [y/d, for uncoated bars and normalweight concrete _ No. 6 (No. 19) and Smaller# No. 7 (No. 22) and Larger fi, psi fe, psi fia ksi 4000 5000 6000 4000 5000 6000 (1) Bottom bars _ : 7 Spacing, cover 40 25 2 21 32 28 2% and tes as per 50 32 28 26 40 35 32 Case « orb 6 38 34 31 a7 2 39 Other cases 40 38 34 31 a7 2 39 50 47 2 9 59 3 48 60 37 si 46 1 64 58 2) Top bars 7 _ Spacing, cover 40 38 29 27 4 a7 34 and ties as per 50 41 7 a St 46 42 Case a orb 6 49 4 40 a 35 50 Other cases 40 49 44 40 62 55 50 50 62 55 50 7 69 63 60 4 66 60 2 83 16 Case a: Clear spacing of bars being developed or spliced = dj, clear cover = dy, and stups or ties throughout , not less than the Code minimum, ‘Case b: Clear spacing of bars being developed or spliced = 2d, and clear cover not less than dy “ACI Committee 408 recommends thatthe values indicated for bar sizes No, 7 (No. 22) and larger be used forall bar sizes,DESIGN AIDS 761 TABLE A.11 Development length in compression, in., for normalweight concrete le = greater of (0.02f,/VF.)d, or 0.0003f,d,, (Minimum length 8 in. in all cases.) fi, psi Bar No. ___ 3000 4000 5000 6000 Inch- f, Basic Basic Basic Basic Pound _SI_ksi_—_—ifyy Confined I Confined Confined i» Confined 3 10 40 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 50 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 60 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 B40 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 50 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ou 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 5 16 40 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 50 n 9 10 8 9 8 9 8 o 14 10 12 9 1 8 ul 8 6 9 40 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 50s 10 12 9 u 8 ul 8 0 6 12 4 nl 4 10 4 10 7 2 4 13 10 nl 8 n 8 ul 8 3016 2 4 10 B 10 19 4 7 12 16 2 8 3% 4015 m 13 9 50 OB 4 16 12 15 n o 2 16 19 4 18 4 9 2 40 16 2 14 i 14 10 14 10 50 2 15 18 13 7 13 7 B 0s 19 au 16 20 15 20 15 10 3240 14 16 12 15 im 15 u 50 7 20 15 19 4 19 4 60 21 4 18 B 7 2B 7 un 3640 15 18 13 7 13 7 3 50 19 2 7 21 16 2 16 60 2B 2 20 25 19 25 9 “4 a 40 5 19 a 16 20 15 20 15 so 3 B a 20 25 19 25 19 o 7 28 32 4 30 23 30 2B 18 748 25 9 21 27 20 27 20 50 4 31 36 7 34 25 34 25 o 49 37 8 32 4 30 al 30