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Effective Length of Columns With Intermediate Axial Load
Effective Length of Columns With Intermediate Axial Load
BALBIR S. SANDHU
a = 0.5,
a' = 1.0
V2
(2)
( 1/ 2 = 6.45,
P = 6.45
EI
P, = a. P
1V
I
t
Nf X
1
<
I
(1 + a
'~
kt
a)
vV
K
Vl + a'
a\\ + a')
(1)
K>
which is the stability equation for the column with intermediate axial load.
Equation (1) can be solved for kl for different values
of a and a' and effective length factor evaluated as below.
P s
(p*p.)
Balbir S. Sandhu is Structural Engineer, Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, Kansas City, Missouri.
Fig. 1.
154
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EI
12.9
EI
TT2EI
Numerical Example
(Kl)
or
K = - = 0.765
12.9
ZC = 0.875
= O0 5
0-<2>5
090
0<2>S
0-80
0-75 \
0-70
40
Fig. 2
155
OCTOBER/ 1972
Table 1. Effective Length Factors K for a pin-ended column with an intermediate axial load P at height aL
and a load Pi at the top
Pl
-P~a
n> ~
0.25
0.10
0.50
0.75
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
0.863
0.875
0.895
0.930
0.975
1.000
0.903
0.915
0.930
0.955
0.980
1.000
0.927
0.935
0.950
0.965
0.985
1.000
0.940
0.955
0.965
0.975
0.985
1.000
a
0.25
0.50
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.00
0.715
0.745
0.815
0.880
0.950
1.000
0.750
0.775
0.835
0.905
0.955
1.000
0.840
0.860
0.890
0.920
0.970
1.000
0.795
0.825
0.860
0.910
0.965
1.000
P i = 15 kips
,
Pi
15
a' = - = = 0.25
P
60
10
a = - = 0.5
20
REFERENCES
1. Column Research Council Guide to Design Criteria for Metal
Compression Members John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York,
7966, pp. 40-57.
2. Commentary on the Specification for the Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings American
Institute of Steel Construction, New York, N.Y., 7969, pp. 5-737.
3. American Civil Engineering Practice^ Vol. I l l John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., New York, 7957, pp. 30-779.
4. Timoshenko, S. Theory of Elastic Stability McGraw-Hill Book
Publishing Co., New York, N. Y., 7967, pp. 772-775.
5. Bleich, F. Buckling Strength of Metal Structures McGrawHill Book Publishing Co., New York, N. Y., 7952, pp. 248-250.
156
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INSTITUTE
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