STEC - A tool for

Simulated Train Energy Consumption

and Running Times

Developed by MiW Konsult AB

in close cooperation with
the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

100915

Johan berg

Background
KTH is involved in a European project called
TOSCA dealing with transport energy efficiency
and reduced environmental impact.
KTH has a lot of experience from studies related
to train energy consumption and pollution.
Besides KTHs in-house and validated calculation
models, there was a need for a flexible and
customized tool.
Johan berg

The new model KTH STEC

Developed by MiW Konsult on KTH assignment:

-Runs on any computer equipped with Excel

1997 or later
-Returns energy quantities and running times
(accumulated and for each time step)
-Returns a speed profile from train and track
limitations
-The tool is User-friendly and fast
-Flexibility allowing build-on customization
Johan berg

The new model KTH STEC

-Focus on overall train characteristics
-Possibility to read specific track line data
-Handles regenerative braking (energy recovery)
-Coasting and specified traction/braking capacity
-Results are partly verified

Johan berg

The new model KTH STEC

-Limited amount of input data for train and track
-Actual motions of equations, demanding
integration and numerical solving
-Flexible and open source, well documented and
source commented
Import
data

Define train
Define run

Evaluate results

Define track
Export
data
Johan berg

Principal calculations
Discretisize track in short segments (say 10m)
Check allowed line speed vs train top speed in
each segment
Determine state of motion
-Accelerate by traction
-Keep speed by traction/braking
-Brake to slow down
-Shut off the engine (coasting) - optional

Calculate traction force = F(v)

Calculate train resistance = D(v) composed by air,
rolling and gradient resistances

Johan berg

Principal calculation (2)

Calculate acceleration or retardation
-with respect to adhesion
-line speed in next segment
-vehicle top speed
-braking/tractive capacity from defined brake curves

If speed is larger than allowed at end of

interval, step back and re-calculate numerically
Stop at any defined stations

Johan berg

Train stop handled by iterative

braking (example)
Train speed

1st
2nd
3d
4th
5th - recalculated brake curve
(down to 1 m precision)

Position
Desired
stop
Johan berg

Main features (1)

Define limiting adhesion during braking and traction
Define brake curves for traction, braking and
regenerative braking individually
Allows different efficiencies for train, catenary
systems and feeding stations
Both train and track data may be imported or
exported to databases (also true for the calculation
results)
Track is defined by gradient and speed at km markers
Two runs may be compared simultainously
Rules for coasting may be User defined
Johan berg

Main features (2)

Built-in error library suggests solutions if something
goes wrong
Emergency brake stops the train if the speed rises
above ordinary braking capacity
Track may be switch so the energy consumption can
be determined in the opposite direction this also
allows for graphical timetabling
Graphical output on speed profile, adhesion,
acceleration and other quantities
Detailed results on different components in the total
energy consumption
Large potential for further development
Johan berg

Example results
Track work or other
local speed restriction

Johan berg

Example results
Pick out details on a certain position or
range, e.g. these 4 km at the end of the
test track.

Johan berg

Searching most efficient speed

profile from A to B via c1, c2

Vehicle top speed

restriction

Johan berg

Principal energy output

Johan berg

Construct a time table and

locate conflicts

Johan berg

Verification
Full scale and controlled measurements from 1994(1)
High-speed train X2000 (Sto-Gbg, 200km/h)
Loco-hauled passenger train Rc+8 (Sto-Hssleholm, 130
km/h)
Loco-hauled freight trains Rc (Tomteboda-Helsingborg,
nge, various configurations)

In all cases the results from STEC (with

and without renenerated energy) agree
well with the measurements (within
measurement certainty)
(1) Energy consumption and air pollution of electric rail traffic, KTH Rly Technology, FKT
Report 9446, Stockholm 1994.
Johan berg

Thanks for Your attention!

Johan berg MiW Konsult AB

Civ.ing Jrnvgsteknik (M.Sc. Eng.)
johan.oberg@miw.se
Tel: 070 486 9764

Johan berg

More output

Johan berg

User dialogs

Johan berg

Accurazy and calculation times

A typical run takes about 5-30 s
Processing 400 km track takes about
120 s

Johan berg