3.

0 Biofuel Technology
Biomass, or biofuel, is converted to electricity through a variety of means,
including direct combustion, gasification, anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis,
which is a form of thermochemical decomposition. The most common method is
direct combustion, such as when woody materials are burned.
How do fuel cells work?
The term "biomass" encompasses a wide range of materials, including human
and animal waste, agricultural by products, plants and wood. Generally speaking,
woody biomass is gasified or combusted to generate electricity, while wet
biomass, such as human and animal waste, is converted into gaseous form in an
anaerobic digester.
The anaerobic digestion is a process in which microorganisms break down
biomass in an environment devoid of oxygen. The result is usually biogas, which
generates electricity when combusted. Biogas may also be converted into
transportation fuel and renewable natural gas.
Plant matter and wood by products contain stored energy from the Sun.For this
reason, researchers are attempting to develop efficient means of generating
energy from fast-growing, high-yielding potential energy crops, such as switch
grass and willow.
The most biomass materials produce electricity or heat with fewer harmful
emissions than coal and are renewable, unlike fossil fuels.
4.0 Positive and negative impact of Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Pros
Easy To Source:- Gasoline is refined from crude oil, which happens to be a nonrenewable resource.
Renewable: - the sources like manure, corn, switch grass, soya beans, waste
from crops and plants are renewable and making the use of biofuels efficient in
nature.
Economic Security: - More jobs will be created with a growing biofuel industry,
which will keep our economy secure.
Con
High Cost of Production: - They are quite expensive to produce in the current
market.
Use of Fertilizers: - Biofuels are produced from crops and these crops need
fertilizers to grow better. Fertilizers contain nitrogen and phosphorus. They can
be washed away from soil to nearby lake, river or pond.

Water Use: - Large quantities of water are required to irrigate the biofuel crops
and it may impose strain on local and regional water resources, if not managed
wisely.