Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

LI CM N
Trc tin, chng ti xin gi li cm n su sc n thy Ths Bnh Nguyn
tn tnh hng dn, gp v ng vin ti trong qu trnh thc hin n nghin cu
khoa hc.
Xin chn thnh cm n cc qu thy c khoa in-in t trng i hc Lc Hng
cng cc bn lp 08DV112 gip ti trong thi gian kha hc va qua. c bit l
bn Nguyn B Cng gip ti hon thnh vic thc hin ti ny.
K chng ti xin chn thnh cm n n ban gim c ca cng ty TNHH in in t Nguyn Thnh gip ti trong qu trnh thc tp v thc hin ti ny.
Nhng li cm n sau cng xin gi n ba m quan tm, to iu kin ti hon
thnh tt n nghin cu ny.

Xin chn thnh cm n !

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Mc Lc
LI CM N ...................................................................................................................... i
Mc Lc ............................................................................................................................... ii
LIT K HNH V ........................................................................................................... iv
LIT K BNG ................................................................................................................ vi
LI NI U ................................................................................................................... vii
CHNG 1: GII THIU .............................................................................................. 1
1.1. t vn . ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2. Mc tiu ti. .......................................................................................................... 2
1.3. Ni dung nghin cu. ................................................................................................. 3
1.4. Gii hn ti. ........................................................................................................... 3
1.5. ngha thc tin. ....................................................................................................... 3
CHNG 2: C S L THUYT ................................................................................. 4
2.1. Giao thc MODBUS RTU...................................................................................... 4
2.1.1, MODBUS l g? .................................................................................................. 4
2.1.2, Nguyn tc hot ng ca MODBUS RTU. ....................................................... 5
2.1.3, Bn b nh MODBUS. .................................................................................. 6
2.1.4, c v vit d liu. ............................................................................................. 7
2.1.5, MODBUS ch RTU. ...................................................................................... 7
2.2. Chun RS232. ............................................................................................................ 9
2.2.2, Nhng c im cn lu trong chun RS232. ................................................. 9
2.2.3, Cc mc in p thng truyn. ....................................................................... 10
2.2.4, Cng RS232 trn PC. ........................................................................................ 11
2.2.5, Truyn d liu. .................................................................................................. 12
2.2.6, Mch chun giao tip RS232 dng IC max232. ............................................... 13
2.3. Chun RS485. .......................................................................................................... 13
2.3.1, Mt s vn lin quan n chun RS485. ...................................................... 14
2.3.2, Cc kiu mu truyn nhn trong RS485. .......................................................... 19
2.4. K thut CRC. .......................................................................................................... 22
ii

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

2.4.1, L thuyt CRC. ................................................................................................. 23

2.4.2, Thut ton CRC................................................................................................. 23
2.5. Chun truyn I2C. .................................................................................................... 24
2.5.1, Cc hm thit lp I2C. ...................................................................................... 25
2.5.2, nh dng d liu truyn.................................................................................. 26
2.5.3, nh dng a ch thit b. ................................................................................ 27
2.5.4, Phng thc truyn d liu ti Slave................................................................ 27
2.6. ng h Selec MFM 383. ..................................................................................... 28
2.6.1, Gii thiu ng h t in a nng Selec MFM 383. ....................................... 28
2.6.2, Thng s k thut. ............................................................................................. 29
CHNG 3 CC LINH KIN S DNG.................................................................... 31
3.1. PIC 24FJ128GB206. ................................................................................................ 31
3.2. Reatime DS1302. ..................................................................................................... 32
3.3. MAX485. ................................................................................................................. 33
3.4. EEPROM 24LC256. ................................................................................................ 34
3.5. 74LVC1T45. ............................................................................................................ 35
3.6. Graphic LCD 128x64. .............................................................................................. 36
3.7. 74ALVC164245/SO. ............................................................................................... 38
CHNG 4 : THIT K H THNG ........................................................................ 40
4.1.1, S nguyn l khi hin th. .......................................................................... 40
4.1.2, S nguyn l khi lu tr v ng h thi gian thc. ................................. 41
4.1.3, S nguyn l khi giao tip RS485.............................................................. 42
4.1.4, S nguyn l khi ngun. ............................................................................ 43
4.2. S nguyn l . ..................................................................................................... 43
4.3. Lu gii thut. ..................................................................................................... 45
Chng 5: KT LUN ................................................................................................... 46
5.1. Cc im t v cha t c. ............................................................................... 46
5.1.1, Cc im t c............................................................................................. 46
5.1.2, Cc im cha t. ............................................................................................ 46
5.2. Hng pht trin ti. ........................................................................................... 46
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

LIT K HNH V
Hnh

Trang

Hnh 1.1: Mch v phn mm i km ng h MFM-383 ca hng SELEC. .................. 1

Hnh 1.2: Phn mm EN-VIEW ....................................................................................... .1
Hnh 1.3: Cc s liu hin th trn my tnh ..................................................................... .2
Hnh 2.1: Khung tryn MODBUS ..................................................................................... 8
Hnh 2.2: nh dng khung truyn .................................................................................... 8
Hnh 2.3: Mc gii hn in p trong chun RS232 ....................................................... 10
Hnh 2.4: Cng RS232 trn PC ....................................................................................... 11
Hnh 2.5: Mch chun giao tip RS232 dng IC Max232 .............................................. 13
Hnh 2.6: Kiu truyn cn bng 2 dy ............................................................................ 15
Hnh 2.7: Tn hiu trn 2 dy ca h thng cn bng ..................................................... .15
Hnh 2.8: Cp dy xon trong RS485 ............................................................................. .16
Hnh 2.9: Cch xc nh p kiu chung .......................................................................... .16
Hnh 2.10: Truyn RS485 khi tham chiu vi t .......................................................... .17
Hnh 2.11: Cch t in tr u cui RT trong RS485 ................................................ .18
Hnh 2.12: Tn hiu RS485 thu c tng ng vi 2 gi tr in tr RT..................... .18
Hnh 2.13: Phn cc cho ng truyn RS485 .............................................................. .19
Hnh 2.14: S mt pht, mt nhn trong RS485 ....................................................... .19
Hnh 2.15: S mt pht, nhiu nhn trong RS485..................................................... .20
Hnh 2.16: S s dng 2 b truyn nhn trong RS485.............................................. .20
Hnh 2.17: S s dng nhiu b truyn nhn trong RS485 ....................................... .21
Hnh 2.18: on dy r nhnh trong RS485 .................................................................. .21
Hnh 2.19: Mt dng kt ni ng truyn RS485 hp l .............................................. .22
Hnh 2.20: Biu truyn mt m ASCII theo chun RS485 ....................................... .22
Hnh 2.21: START v STOP ........................................................................................... 26
Hnh 2.22: Gi bit nh a ch Slave .............................................................................. 27
Hnh 2.23: Khung truyn I2C .......................................................................................... 28
Hnh 2.24: ng h t in o a nng SELEC MFM-383. ........................................... 28
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Hnh 2.25: S kt ni ng h vi in p 3 pha ...................................................... .30

Hnh 2.26: S kt ni ng h vi in p 1 pha ....................................................... 30
Hnh 3.1: PIC24FJ28GB206............................................................................................ 31
Hnh 3.2: Reatime DS1302 .............................................................................................. 32
Hnh 3.3: Max485 ............................................................................................................ 33
Hnh 3.4: EEPROM 24LC256 ......................................................................................... 34
Hnh 3.5: 74LV1T45 ...................................................................................................... .35
Hnh 3.6: Graphic LCD 128x64 ...................................................................................... 36
Hnh 3.7: 74LVC164245/SO ........................................................................................... 37
Hnh 4.1: S khi mch thit k ................................................................................. 39
Hnh 4.2: Khi hin th .................................................................................................... 39
Hnh 4.3: Khi lu d liu v Reatime ........................................................................... 40
Hnh 4.4: Khi RS485 ..................................................................................................... 41
Hnh 4.5: Khi ngun ...................................................................................................... 42

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

LIT K BNG
Bng

Trang

Bng 2.1: Bng m chc nng .......................................................................................... .6

Bng 2.2: a ch b nh ................................................................................................... 6
Bng 2.3: Bng tm tt thng s ca RS485 ................................................................... 14
Bng 3.1: Chn v chc nng chn ca DS1302 ............................................................. 33
Bng 3.2: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca MAX485 .................................................... 33
Bng 3.3: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca EEPROM 24LC256 ................................... 34
Bng 3.4: iu kin xc nh input/output 74LV1T45 ............................................. .35
Bng 3.5: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca 74LV1T45.................................................. 35
Bng 3.6: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca GRAPHIC LCD ......................................... 36
Bng 3.7: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca 74LV164245/SO ........................................ 37
Bng 3.8: iu kin xc nh input/output 74LV164245/SO .................................... 37

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

LI NI U
Cc cng ty, x nghip ln v trung bnh d sn xut mt hng no cng u s dng
cc ng h in cng nghip kim sot lng in s dng. Cc ng h in s c
t ti cc phn xng v gi tr in ca ng h s c a v phng gim st d
dng cho vic kim tra. Ngy nay, hng Selec sn xut ra ng h t in a nng
MFM-383, i km ng h l module giao tip gia ng h v my tnh. Module ny c
gi thnh cao nn ti quyt nh nghin cu v thit k ra mch in thay th c gi
thnh r hn m vn p ng c cc ng dng nh ca Selec a ra. ti ca ti
c cng ty TNHH in - in t Nguyn Thnh chp thun v cho tin hnh nghin
cu th nghim ti cng ty.
Trong qu trnh thc hin ti, do trnh hiu bit cn nhiu hn ch nn ti cn
nhiu thiu st mong c s gp ca cc thy trong khoa. Ti xin gi li cm n n
cc thy trong khoa lun gip ti trong sut qu trnh hc tp ti trng c bit l
thy Th.s Bnh Nguyn gip ti trong sut thi gian thc hin ti, ti xin
chn thnh cm n.

vii

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

CHNG 1:
GII THIU
1.1. t vn .
Ngy nay ng h o in nng c c thay th bng ng h o in nng s.
ng h MFM-383 l ng h o in s do hng Selec sn xut.

Hnh 1.1: Mch v phn mm i km ng h MFM-383 ca hng SELEC.

i km ng h l mch giao tip ng h v my tnh, phn mm chuyn dng ENVIEW gip ngi s dng kim tra v iu khin trc tip ngay trn my tnh.

Hnh 1.2 : Phn mm EN-VIEW.

Phn mm EN-VIEW l phn mm h tr trn my tnh thit lp cho ng h cng
nh ly s liu t ng h v my tnh gim st. Phn mm c cc tnh nng: hin th
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

s liu t ng h v my tnh v cp nht s liu lin tc, m phng giao din ng h

ng h trn my tnh, h tr v biu dng sng, s liu c c lu di dng file
excel.

Hnh 1.3: Cc s liu hin th trn my tnh.

Tuy c nhiu tnh nng nhng nh s dng phi mt mt khon vn u t kh ln
ban u. V vy cn phi thit k mt mch in t sao cho vn m bo c cc tnh
nng nh c nhng gim chi ph u t.
1.2. Mc tiu ti.
Da trn nhng tm hiu v sn phm ng h ca hng Selec, ti quyt nh thit
k mt mch in c th thay th c my tnh v mch giao tip gia ng h vi my
tnh. Ti t ra cc mc tiu khi nghin cu thit k mch in thay th nh sau:
Giao tip c vi ng h MFM-383 ca hng Selec.
Chy n nh, tr thp.
S liu nhn c hin th ngay trn mch.
Mch lu tr c d liu trong thi gian di v cp nhp d liu mi chnh xc,
nhanh chng.
Gi thnh r.
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

1.3. Ni dung nghin cu.

ti nghin cu nhng vn sau:
Giao thc Modbus RTU.
Chun giao tip RS485.
Chun giao tip RS232.
K thut CRC.
Giao thc TCP/IP, Enthernet.
ng h SELEC MFM-383.
Vi iu khin PIC24FJ128GB206 v cc module tch hp sn trong vi iu khin
PIC24FJ128GB206.
GRAPHIC LCD.
1.4. Gii hn ti.
Do thi gian nghin cu hn ch nn chng ti ch gii hn ti trong phm vi thu
thp v kim sot s liu ly t ng h in. Cha trin khai c phn lu s liu ng
h trn mch v truyn ln my tnh theo chun Ethernet.
1.5. ngha thc tin.
ti gii quyt c yu cu thc tin t ra l giao tip c vi ng h MFM383 ca hng Selec v hin th cc s liu ngay trn mch nn c th thay th c my
tnh. Mch t c cc u im khi ng dng vo thc t l chy n nh trong mi
trng cng nghip, tr thp, gi thnh r.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

CHNG 2:
C S L THUYT
2.1. Giao thc MODBUS RTU.
2.1.1, MODBUS l g?
MODBUS do Modicon (hin nay thuc Schneider Electric) pht trin nm 1979, l
mt phng tin truyn thng vi nhiu thit b thng qua mt cp dy xon n. Ban
u, n hot ng trn RS232, nhng sau n s dng cho c RS485 t tc cao
hn, khong cch di hn v nhiu slave trn mt bus truyn. MODBUS nhanh chng
tr thnh tiu chun thng dng trong ngnh t ng ha.
MODBUS l mt h thng Master - Slave, Master c kt ni vi mt hay nhiu
Slave. Master thng l mt PLC, PC, DCS, hay RTU. Slave MODBUS RTU thng l
cc thit b hin trng. Khi mt Master MODBUS RTU mun c thng tin t thit b
Slave, Master s gi mt thng ip v d liu cn, tm tt d li ti a ch thit b Slave.
Mi thit b khc trn mng s nhn thng ip ny nhng ch c thit b no c ch
nh mi c phn ng. Cc thit b Slave trn mng MODBUS khng th to ra kt ni,
chng ch c th phn ng. Ni cch khc, Slave s gi data v cho Master ch khi Master
c yu cu.
Ba phin bn MODBUS ph bin nht c s dng ngy nay l:
MODBUS ASCII.
MODBUS RTU.

MODBUS/TCP.

Tt c thng ip c gi di cng mt format. S khc nhau duy nht gia 3 loi

MODBUS l cch thc thng ip c m ha. Vi MODBUS ASCII, mi thng ip
c m ha bng hexadecimal, s dng c tnh ASCII 4 bit. i vi mi mt byte
thng tin, cn c 2 byte truyn thng, gp i so vi MODBUS RTU hay MODBUS/TCP.
MODBUS ASCII chm nht trong 3 giao thc trn, nhng li thch hp vi modem in
thoi hay kt ni s dng sng radio do ASCII s dng cc tnh nng phn nh thng
ip. Do tnh nng phn nh ny, mi rc ri trong phng tin truyn dn s khng lm
thit b nhn dch sai thng tin. iu ny quan trng khi cp n cc modem chm,
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

in thoi di ng, kt ni n hay cc phng tin truyn thng kh tnh khc. i vi

MODBUS-RTU, d liu c m ha theo h nh phn v ch cn mt byte truyn thng
cho mt byte d liu. y l thit b l tng i vi RS232 hay mng RS485 a im,
tc baud t 1200 n 115.200. Tc baud ph bin nht l 9600 n 19200.
MODBUS-RTU l giao thc cng nghip c s dng rng ri nht. MODBUS/TCP
n gin l MODBUS qua Ethernet. Thit b Master khng kt ni trc tip vi cc thit
b Slave, thay vo cc a ch IP c s dng. Vi MODBUS/TCP, d liu
MODBUS c tm lc n gin trong mt gi TCP/IP. Do , bt c mng Ethernet
h tr MODBUS/IP s c h tr MODBUS/TCP.
2.1.2, Nguyn tc hot ng ca MODBUS RTU.
kt ni vi Slave, Master s gi mt thng ip bao gm cc trng d liu sau:
a ch thit b: l mt con s t 0 n 247. Thng ip c gi ti a ch 0
(truyn thng ip) c th c tt c cc thit b Slave chp nhn, nhng cc
con s t 1-247 l cc a ch ca cc thit b c th. Mt Slave lun phn
ng vi mt thng ip MODBUS do Master s bit rng thng ip
c nhn.
M chc nng: dng xc nh yu cu m Master yu cu Slave thc hin
nh c d liu, chp nhn d liu, thng bo trng thi .v.v M chc nng
l t 1 255. Mt s m chc nng cn c cc m chc nng ph.
D liu: xc nh a ch trong b nh thit b hay cha cc gi tr d liu
c vit trong b nh thit b hay cha cc thng tin cn thit khc mang
chc nng nh yu cu.
Gi tr kim tra li (CRC): l gi tr 16 bit dng kim tra li trong qu trnh
truyn nhn. CRC c Master to ra v thit b tip nhn kim tra. Nu gi
tr CRC khng tha mn, thit b i hi truyn li thng ip ny.
Khi Slave thc hin cc chc nng theo yu cu, n s gi thng ip cho Master.
Thng ip cha a ch ca Slave v m chc nng, d liu theo yu cu, v mt gi tr
kim tra li.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Bng 2.1: Bng m chc nng

M chc nng

Yu cu
01

c cun cm

02

c u ra ri rc

03

c b ghi phn

04

c b ghi u vo

05

Vit cun cm n

06

Vit b ghi n

07

c trng thi ngoi l

08

Chn on

Xx

255 m chc nng, ph

thuc vo thit b

2.1.3, Bn b nh MODBUS.
Mi thit b MODBUS c b nh cha d liu qu trnh. Thng s k thut ca
MODBUS ch ra cch d liu c gi ra nh th no?, loi d liu no c th c gi
ra?. Tuy nhin, khng t ra gii hn v cch thc v v tr m nh cung cp t d liu
trong b nh.
Cc u vo v cun cm ri rc c gi tr 1 bit, mi mt thit b li c mt a ch
c th. Cc u vo analog (b ghi u vo) c lu trong b ghi 16 bit. Bng cch s
dng hai b ghi ny, MODBUS c th h tr format im floating (ni) IEEE 32 bit. B
ghi Holding cng s dng cc b ghi bn trong 16 bit h tr im floating.
D liu trong b nh c xc nh trong thng s k thut MODBUS. Gi s rng
nh cung cp tun theo tiu chun k thut MODBUS (khng phi tt c), mi d liu c
th c truy cp d dng bi Master, thit b Slave tun theo cc thng s k thut.
Trong nhiu trng hp, nh cung cp thit b cng b v tr ca b nh, to iu kin cho
nhn vin lp trnh d dng kt ni vi thit b t.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Bng 2.2 : a ch b nh
a ch

Loi

Tn

1 9999

c hoc vit

Cun cm

10001 19999

Ch c

u vo ri rc

30001 39999
40001 - 49999

Ch c

B ghi u vo

c hoc vit

B ghi Holding

2.1.4, c v vit d liu.

MODBUS c ti 255 m chc nng, nhng 1 (cun cm c), 2 (u vo ri rc
c), 3 (b ghi Holding c), v 4 (b ghi u vo c) l cc chc nng c c s
dng ph bin nht thu thp d liu t cc thit b Slave. Th d, c 3 gi tr 16 bit
d liu analog t bn b nh ca thit b 5, Master s gi mt yu cu nh sau:
a ch M hm a ch khi u
5

04

S lng gi tr cn c

Gi tr Kim tra li

CRC

Trong , 5 l a ch thit b Slave, 4 c b ghi u vo, 2 l a ch khi u (a

ch 30002). 3 c ngha l c 3 gi tr d liu k nhau xut pht t a ch 30002, v
CRC l gi tr kim tra li thng ip ny.
Thit b t, sau khi nhn d liu ny, s gi li mt tr li nh sau:
a ch M hm
5

04

3 gi tr yu cu c v
aa, bb, cc

Gi tr Kim tra li
CRC

Ti v tr 5 l a ch ca thit b, 04 l yu cu c lp, aa, bb, cc l 3 gi tr 16 bit,

CRC l gi tr kim tra li thng ip.
Trong hu ht cc nh my, cc thit b o hin trng kt ni vi h thng iu
khin vi tng cp dy xon home run.
2.1.5, MODBUS ch RTU.
2.1.5.1, Chu trnh yu cu p ng gia Master v Slave ca giao thc
Modbus.
a ch y l ca Slave thc hin yu cu v gi li p ng. M hm
c gi nguyn nh trong thng bo yu cu v d liu cha kt qu thc hin yu cu
ca Master. Nu xy ra li, m hm quay li c sa ch th p ng l mt thng bo
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

li, cn d liu m t chi tit li xy ra. Phn kim li gip Master xc nh chnh xc
ca ni dung thng bo nhn c.

Thng bo yu
cu t trm ch
a ch thit b

a ch thit b

M hm

M hm

D liu

D liu

Kim sot li

Kim sot li
Thng bo yu
cu t trm t

Hnh 2.1 : Khung tryn MODBUS

2.1.5.2, Khung thng bo modbus ch RTU.

Hnh 2.2 : nh dng khung truyn

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Khi cc thit b mt mng MODBUS chun c t ch RTU (Remote

Terminal Unit - Khi thit b u cui xa), mi byte trong thng bo c gi thnh
mt k t 8 bit. Mi thng bo phi truyn k t thnh dng lin tc. S thun li chnh
ca ch ny l n c mt k t ln nht, nng sut d liu ln hn ch ASCII
trong cng tc baud.
2.2. Chun RS232.
Chun giao tip RS232 l mt trong nhng k thut c s dng rng ri hin nay
ni ghp cc thit b ngoi vi vi my tnh. N l mt chun giao tip ni tip dng nh
dng khng ng b, kt ni nhiu nht l hai thit b, chiu di kt ni ln nht cho php
m bo d liu l 12.5m n 25.4m, tc 20kbit/s i khi l tc 115kbit/s vi
mt s thit b c bit.
Chun RS232 c ni ra mt dc cm (gi l cng COM). Khi s dng c th dng
hai hay ton b chn ca dc cm ny, nu mc ch ch truyn hoc nhn tn hiu gia
hai thit b th ta ch cn s dng hai dy (mt dy truyn hoc nhn v mt dy ni t).
ngha ca chun truyn thng ni tip l trong mt thi im ch c mt bt c gi i
dc theo ng truyn. Cc my tnh thng c mt hoc hai cng ni tip theo chun
RS232 c gi l cng COM. Chng c dng ghp ni cho chut, modem, thit b
o lngTrn main my tnh c loi 9 chn hoc loi 25 chn ty vo i my v main
ca my tnh. Vic thit k giao tip vi cng RS232 cng tng i d dng, c bit khi
chn ch hot ng l khng ng b v tc truyn d liu thp.
2.2.1, u im ca giao din ni tip RS232.
Kh nng chng nhiu ca cc cng ni tip cao.
Thit b ngoi vi c th tho lp ngay c khi my tnh ang c cp in.
Cc mch in n gin c th nhn c in p ngun nui qua cng ni
tip.
2.2.2, Nhng c im cn lu trong chun RS232.
Trong chun RS232 c mc gii hn trn v di( logic 0 v 1) l 12V.
Hin nay ang c c nh tr khng ti trong phm vi t 3000 -7000 .

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Mc logic 1 c in p nm trong khong -3V n -12V, mc logic 0 t 3V

n 12V.
Tc truyn nhn d liu cc i l 100kbps (ngy nay c th ln hn).
Cc li vo phi c din dung nh hn 2500pF.
Tr khng ti phi ln hn 3000 nhng phi nh hn 7000 .
di ca cp ni gia my tnh v thit b ngoi vi ghp ni qua cng ni
tip RS232 khng vt qu 15m nu khng s dng modem.
Cc gi tr tc truyn d liu chun: 50, 75, 110, 750, 300, 600, 1200,
2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 28800, 38400, , 56600, 115200bps.
2.2.3, Cc mc in p thng truyn.

Hnh 2.3 : Mc gii hn in p trong chun RS232

RS232 s dng phng thc truyn thng khng i xng, tc l s dng tn hiu
in p chnh lch gia mt dy dn v t. Do ngay t lc mi ra i n mang v
li thi ca chun TTL, n vn s dng cc mc in p tng thch TTL m t cc
mc logic 0 v 1. Ngoi mc in p tiu chun cng c nh cc gi tr tr khng ti v
cc tr khng ra ca b pht.
Mc in p ca tiu chun RS232( chun thng c dng by gi) c m t
nh sau:

Mc logic 0: +3V, +12V.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Mc logic 1: -12V, -3V.

Cc mc in p trong phm vi t -3V n 3V l trng thi chuyn tuyn. Chnh v

t -3V ti 3V l phm vi khng c nh ngha, trong trng hp thay i gi tr logic
t thp ln cao hoc t cao xung thp, mt tn hiu phi vt qua qung qu trong
mt thi gian ngn hp l. iu ny dn ti vic phi hn ch v in dung ca cc thit
b tham gia v ca c ng truyn. Tc truyn dn ti a ph thuc vo chiu di ca
dy dn. a s cc h thng hin nay ch h tr vi tc 19,2kbit/s.
2.2.4, Cng RS232 trn PC.

Hnh 2.4 :Cng RS232 trn PC

Chc nng ca cc chn :
Chn 1 : data carier detect (DCD) l chn pht tn hiu mang d liu.
Chn 2 : Receive data (RxD) l chn nhn d liu.
Chn 3 : Transmit Data (TxD) l chn truyn d liu.
Chn 4 : Data Termial Ready (DTR) l chn u cui d liu sn sng c
kch hot bi b phn khi mun truyn d liu.
Chn 5 : Signal Ground (SG) chn mass ca tn hiu
Chn 6: Data set ready (DSR) chn d liu sn sng, c kch hot bi b
truyn khi n sn sng nhn d liu.
Chn 7: Request to send chn yu cu gi, b truyn t ng ny ln mc
kch hot ng thng bo cho b truyn l n sn sng nhn tn hiu.

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Chn 9: Ring Indicate (RI) bo chung cho bit l b phn ang nhn tn hiu
rung chung.
2.2.5, Truyn d liu.
2.2.5.1, Qu trnh truyn d liu.
Truyn d liu qua cng ni tip RS232 c thc hin khng ng b. Do
vy nn ti mt thi im ch c mt bit c truyn. B truyn gi mt bit bt u (bit
start) thng bo cho b nhn bit mt k t s c gi n trong ln truyn bit tip
theo. Bit ny lun bt u bng mc 0. Tip theo l cc bit d liu (bit data) c gi
di dng m ASCII (c th l 5,6,7, hay 8 bit d liu) sau l mt Parity bit (kim tra
bit chn, l hay khng) v cui cng l bit dng( bit stop) c th l 1 hay 2 bit dng.
2.2.5.2, Tc baud.
y l mt tham s c trng ca RS232. Tham s ny chnh l c trng
cho qu trnh truyn d liu qua cng ni tip RS232 l tc truyn nhn d liu hay
cn gi l tc bit. Tc bit c nh ngha l s bit truyn c trong thi gian 1
giy. Tc bit ny phi c thit lp bn pht v bn nhn u phi c tc nh
nhau ( tc gia vi iu khin v my tnh phi chung nhau mt tc truyn bit).
Ngoi tc bit cn mt tham s m t tc truyn l tc baud. Tc
baud lin quan n tc m phn t m ha d liu c s dng din t bit c
truyn cn tc bit th phn nh tc m phn t m ha d liu c s dng din
t bit c truyn. V mt phn t bo hiu s m ha mt bit nn khi hai tc bit v
tc baud l phi ng nht.
Mt s tc baud thng dng: 50, 75, 110, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400,
4800, 9600, 19200, 28800, 38400, 56000, 115200. Trong thit b thng dng tc
baud l 19200.
Khi s dng chun ni tip RS232 th yu cu khi s dng chun l thi gian
chuyn mc logic khng vt qua 4% thi gian truyn 1 bit. Do vy, nu tc bit cng
cao th thi gian truyn 1 bit cng nh th thi gian chuyn mc logic cng phi nh. iu
ny lm gii hn tc baud v khong cch truyn.

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2.2.5.3, Bit chn l hay Parity bit.

y l bit kim tra li trn ng truyn. Thc cht ca qu trnh kim tra li
khi truyn d liu l b sung thm d liu c truyn tm ra hoc sa mt s li trong
qu trnh truyn. Do trong chun RS232 s dng mt k thut kim tra chn l. Mt
bit chn l c b sung vo d liu c truyn thy s lng cc bit 1 c gi
trong mt khung truyn l chn hay l.
Mt Parity bit ch c th tm ra mt s l cc li nh l 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 Nu
nh mt bit mc li th bit Parity bit s trng gi tr vi trng hp khng mc li v th
khng pht hin ra li. Do trong k thut m ha li ny khng c s dng trong
trng hp c kh nng mt vi bit b mc li.
2.2.6, Mch chun giao tip RS232 dng IC max232.

Hnh 2.5 : Mch chun giao tip RS232 dng IC Max232

2.3. Chun RS485.
C th coi chun RS485 l mt pht trin ca RS232 trong vic truyn d liu ni tip.
Nhng b chuyn i RS232/RS485 cho php ngi dng giao tip vi bt k thit b m
s dng lin kt ni tip RS232 thng qua RS485. Lin kt RS485 c hnh thnh cho
vic thu nhn d liu khong cch xa v iu khin cho nhng ng dng. Nhng c
im ni tri ca RS485 l n c th h tr mt mng ln ti 32 trm thu pht trn cng
mt ng truyn, tc baud c th ln ti 115.200 cho mt khong cch l 4000feet
(1200m).

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Vi kiu truyn cn bng v cc dy c xon li vi nhau nn khi nhiu xy ra

dy ny th cng xy ra dy kia, tc l hai dy cng nhiu ging nhau. iu ny lm
cho in p sai bit gia hai dy thay i khng ng k nn ti ni thu vn nhn c tn
hiu ng nh tnh nng c bit ca b thu loi b nhiu.
Lin kt RS485 c s dng rt rng ri trong cng nghip, ni m mi trng nhiu
kh cao v s tin tng vo tnh n nh ca h thng l iu quan trng. Bn cnh
kh nng truyn thng qua khong cch xa tc cao cng rt c quan tm, c bit
l ti nhng ni m c nhiu trm giao tip c tri ra trn din rng.
Bng 2.3: Bng tm tt thng s ca RS485
Thng s

iu kin

Min

Max

n v

p ng ra iu khin

1.5

khi h mch

-1.5

-6

1.5

-1.5

-5

p ng ra iu khin

RL 100

khi c ti
Dng ngn mch ng ra

1 ng ra ni vi

iu khin

im chung

Thi gian cnh ln ng

RL 54

ra iu khin

CL 50 pF

p kiu chung iu

RL 54

250

30

mA
% rng
bit

200

mV

12

khin
Ngng nhy thu vo

-7V VCM 12V

Phm vi p kiu chung

-7

thu vo
Tng tr ng vo pha

12

thu
2.3.1, Mt s vn lin quan n chun RS485.
2.3.1.1, Truyn dn cn bng.
H thng truyn dn cn bng gm c hai dy tn hiu A,B nhng khng c
dy mass. S d c gi l cn bng l do tn hiu trn dy ny ngc vi tn hiu trn
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

dy kia. Ngha l dy ny ang pht mc cao th dy kia phi ang pht mc thp v
ngc li.

Hnh 2.6: Kiu truyn cn bng 2 dy.

2.3.1.2, Mc tn hiu.
Vi hai dy A, B truyn dn cn bng, tn hiu mc cao TTL c quy nh
khi p ca dy A ln hn dy B ti thiu l 200mV, tn hiu mc thp TTL c quy nh
khi p ca dy A nh hn dy B ti thiu cng l 200mV. Nu in p VAB m nm trong
khong -200mV < VAB < 200mV th tn hiu lc ny c xem nh l ri vo vng bt
nh. in th ca mi dy tn hiu so vi mass bn pha thu phi nm trong khong 7V
n +12V.

Hnh 2.7 : Tn hiu trn 2 dy ca h thng cn bng.

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2.3.1.3, Cp dy xon.
Nh chnh tn gi ca n, cp dy xon (Twisted-pair wire) n gin ch l
cp dy c chiu di bng nhau v c xon li vi nhau. S dng cp dy xon s gim
thiu c nhiu, nht l khi truyn khong cch xa v vi tc cao.

Hnh 2.8 : Cp dy xon trong RS485.

2.3.1.4, Tr khng c tnh cp dy xon.
Ph thuc vo hnh dng v cht liu cch in ca dy m n s c mt tr
khng c tnh (Characteristic impedence-Zo), iu ny thng c ch r bi nh sn
xut. Theo nh khuyn co th tr khng c tnh ca ng dy vo khong t 100 120 nhng khng phi lc no cng ng nh vy.
2.3.1.5, in p kiu chung.
Tn hiu truyn dn gm hai dy khng c dy mass nn chng cn c
tham chiu n mt im chung, im chung lc ny c th l mass hay bt k mt mc
in p cho php no . in p kiu chung (Common-mode voltage -VCM) v mt
ton hc c pht biu nh l gi tr trung bnh ca hai in p tn hiu c tham chiu
vi mass hay mt im chung.

Hnh 2.9 : Cch xc nh p kiu chung.

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2.3.1.6, Vn ni t.
Tn hiu trn hai dy khi c tham chiu n im chung l t (Ground) th
khi n cn c xem xt k lng. Lc ny b nhn s xc nh tn hiu bng cch
tham chiu tn hiu vi t ca ni nhn, nu t gia ni nhn v ni pht c mt s
chnh lch in th vt qua ngng cho php th tn hiu thu c s b sai hoc ph
hng thit b. iu ny cho thy mng RS485 gm hai dy nhng c ti ba mc in p
c xem xt. Do t l mt vt dn in khng hon ho nn n c mt in tr xc
nh, gy ra chnh lch in th t im ny ti im kia, c bit l ti cc vng c
nhiu sm st, my mc tiu th dng ln, nhng b chuyn i c lp t v c ni
t.

Hnh 2.10 : truyn RS485 khi tham chiu vi t.

Chun RS485 cho php chnh lch in th t ln ti 7V, ln hn 7V l
khng c. Nh vy t l im tham chiu khng ng tin tng v mt cch tt hn
cho vic truyn tn hiu lc ny l ta i thm mt dy th ba, n s c ni mass ti
ngun cung cp dng lm in p tham chiu.
2.3.1.7, in tr u cui.
in tr u cui (Terminating Resistor) n gin l in tr c t ti hai
im tn cng kt thc ca ng truyn. Gi tr ca in tr u cui l tng l bng gi
tr tr khng c tnh ca ng dy xon, thng th vo khong 100 - 120.

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Hnh 2.11 : Cch t in tr u cui RT trong RS485.

Nu in tr u cui khng ph hp vi gi tr tr khng c tnh ca ng
dy th nhiu c th xy ra do c s phn x xut hin trn ng truyn, nhiu mc
nh th khng sao nhng nu mc ln th c th lm tn hiu b sai lch. Sau y l
hnh minh ha dng tn hiu thu c khi dng hai in tr u cui khc nhau.

RT=54

RT=120

Hnh 2.12 : Tn hiu RS485 thu c tng ng vi 2 gi tr in tr RT.

2.3.1.8, Phn cc ng truyn.
Khi mng RS485 trng thi rnh th tt c cc khi thu u trng thi lng
nghe ng truyn v tt c khi pht u trng thi tng tr cao cch li vi ng
truyn. Lc ny trng thi ca ng truyn c xem l bt nh.
Nu -200mV VAB 200mV th trng thi logic ti ng ra khi thu s mang
gi tr ca bit cui cng nhn c. iu ny khng m bo v ng truyn rnh trong
truyn d liu ni tip i hi phi mc cao khi thu khng hiu nhm l c d liu
xut hin trn ng truyn.
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

duy tr trng thi mc cao khi ng truyn rnh th vic phn cc ng

truyn (Biasing) phi c thc hin. Mt in tr R ko ln ngun ng A v mt
in tr R ko xung mass ng B sao cho VAB 200mV s p ng truyn ln mc
cao.

Hnh 2.13 : Phn cc cho ng truyn RS485.

2.3.2, Cc kiu mu truyn nhn trong RS485.
2.3.2.1, Mt pht, mt nhn.

Hnh 2.14 : S mt pht, mt nhn trong RS485.

Trong kiu mu c s dng cp dy xon, hai in tr u cui RT.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

2.3.2.2, Mt pht, nhiu nhn.

Hnh 2.15 : S mt pht, nhiu nhn trong RS485.

2.3.2.3, Hai b truyn nhn.
y vic truyn v nhn d liu c thc hin bi mt cp dy xon nn
truyn nhn d liu khng th din ra ng thi m phi theo hnh thc bn song cng
(half duplex), trong mt thi im ch c mt b truyn.

Hnh 2.16 : S s dng 2 b truyn nhn trong RS485.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

2.3.2.4, Nhiu b truyn nhn.

Hnh 2.17 : S s dng nhiu b truyn nhn trong RS485.

Tng t nh trong s hai b truyn nhn, hnh thc truyn nhn d liu
y l bn song cng.
2.3.2.5, on dy r nhnh.

Hnh 2.18 : on dy r nhnh trong RS485.

on dy r nhnh (Stub) l on dy ni t cp dy chnh ti mt trm.
on dy r nhnh di s lm nh hng ti s phi hp tr khng. V vy nn gi cho
chiu di on dy r nhnh cng ngn cng tt. Mt dng kt ni ng truyn RS485
hp l.

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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Hnh 2.19 : Mt dng kt ni ng truyn RS485 hp l.

2.3.2.6, Cch thc truyn mt m ASCII theo chun RS485.

Hnh 2.20 : Biu truyn mt m ASCII theo chun RS485.

Bnh thng ng truyn rnh (Idle line) s mc cao, VAB > 200mV. Tn
hiu TX Control cho php pht tn hiu i. Mi bit tn hiu TXD pht i s c biu din
tng ng di dng tn hiu VAB theo chun RS485. Bit 1 tng ng vi VAB dng, bit
0 tng ng vi VAB m. Sau khi pht i 10 bit th ng truyn li ln mc cao bo
hiu trng thi rnh.
2.4. K thut CRC.
CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) l mt phng php pht hin li bng cch gn
thm mt khi bit pha sau khi d liu. CRC l mt k thut mnh pht hin li, v
vy n c dng rng ri trong mi h thng giao tip d liu. Cc bit b sung thm vo
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 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

cc bit thng tin c gi l cc bit CRC. Nhng bit ny c th l 16 hoc 32. Nu cc bit
b sung l 16, CRC c biu din nh CRC-16. CRC-32 s dng 32 bit b sung. l
nhng tiu chun quc t cho vic tnh ton ca CRC-16 v CRC-32.
Vic nhn li s dng CRC l rt n gin. bn truyn, CRC c thm vo cc bit
thng tin. Khi vic nhn kt thc, bn nhn tnh ton CRC t nhng bit thng tin v nu
CRC tch hp CRC nhn, vy th bn nhn bit c nhng bit thng tin l ng. CRC-16
v CRC-32 l hai thut ton tiu chun c s dng tnh chu k kim tra d tha. Cc
bit CRC b sung (16 v 32) c ni thm vo cc bit thng tin bn pht. Ti pha thu,
cc CRC nhn c so snh vi c tnh. Nu kt hp hai, cc bit thng tin c coi l
nhn c mt cch chnh xc. Nu hai khng ph hp, n cho thy rng c nhng sai st
trong cc bit thng tin.
2.4.1, L thuyt CRC.
Mt xu bt bt k c xem nh mt tp cc h s (0 v 1) ca mt a thc i s.
Nu xu gm k bt th a thc tng ng s c bc l k-1 gm cc s hng t x0 n xk-1.
V d: 110001

x5 + x4 + x0 = x5 + x4 + 1

Phng php CRC s xy dng mt xu cc bt kim tra v ghp vo xu bt cn

truyn, c gi l dy Checksum. Dy Checksum c xy dng nh sau:

Chn trc mt a thc gi l a thc sinh G(x) c h s cao nht v thp

nht l 1.

Checksum c tm tho mn iu kin a thc tng ng vi xu ghp gm

xu gc v checksum phi chia ht (Modulo 2) cho G(x).

Khi nhn c xu bt, kim sot li ly a thc nhn c chia (Modulo

2) cho a thc sinh G(x). Nu khng chia ht th chc chn c li, trng hp
ngc li cha khng nh l khng c li.

2.4.2, Thut ton CRC.

Gi s a thc sinh c chn l G(x) c bc l r xu bt cn truyn tng ng vi
a thc M(x) c bc m .
Cc bc xy dng dy Checksum nh sau:

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Thm r bits 0 vo cui xu bits cn truyn xu ghp s gm c tm tho

mn iu kin a thc tng ng vi xu ghp gm (m + r) bits tng ng
vi a thc xr M(x).
Chia Modulo 2 xu bits tng ng xr M(x) cho xu bits tng ng vi G(x).
Ly s b chia bc trn tr i Modulo 2 cho s d.
Kt qu s l xu bt c truyn i ( xu gc ghp vi Checksum). K hiu a thc
tng ng cho xu l P(x). R rng P(x) chia ht cho G(x). Khi nhn, gi s xu bits
nhn c c a thc tng ng l Q(x) chia modulo 2 cho G(x). Gi thit rng Q(x) =
P(x) + E(x), trong E(x) c gi l a thc li.
V d: Gi s xu gc l 1101011011 suy ra M(x) = x9 + x8 + x6 + x4 + x3 + x + 1
c bc m = 9; Chn 10011 tng ng G(x)= x4 + x + 1 (r=4).
Bc1. Xu gc ghp 4 bits 0 ta c 11010110110000.
Bc 2. Chia modulo 2
11010110110000 /(modulo2) 10011 ta c thng l 1100001010 v phn d l
1110.
Bc 3. Xu cn truyn l
11010110110000 - (modulo2) 1110 = 11010110111110 l P(x). Theo phng php ny
vic la chn a thc sinh chun G(x) s gip cho vic pht hin li rt hiu qu.
Hin nay ngi ta xy dng 3 a thc sinh chun quc t:
CRC 12 = x12 + x11 + x3 + x2 + x + 1
CRC 16 = x16 + x15 + x2 + 1
CRC CCITT = x16 + x12 + x5 + 1
2.5. Chun truyn I2C.
I2C l vit tt ca cm t inter-intergrated circuit ( bus giao tip gia cc IC vi nhau).
Mt giao tip I2C gm c hai dy Serial Data (SDA) v Serial Clock (SCL). SDA l
ng truyn d liu hai hng, cn SCL l ng truyn xung ng h v ch theo mt
hng. Khi mt thit b ngoi vi kt ni vo ng I2C th chn SDA ca n s ni vi
dy SDA ca bus, chn SCL s ni vi chn SCL ca bus.

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Mi dy SDA v SCL u c ni vi in p dng ca ngun cp thng qua mt

in tr ko ln( pull-up resistor). S cn thit ca cc in tr ko ny l v chn giao
tip ca I2C ca cc thit b ngoi vi thng l dng cc mng h ( open-drain or open
collector ). Gi tr ca cc in tr ny khc nhau ty vo tng thit b v chun giao tip
thng giao ng trong khong 1 n 4.7 .
Mt Bus I2C hot ng c nhiu ch khc nhau:
Mt Master mt Slave.
Mt Master nhiu Slave.
Nhiu Master nhiu Slave.
Tuy c kt ni trn cng mt bus nhng s khng xy ra trng hp nhm ln
gia cc thit b v mi thit b s c nhn ra bi mt a ch duy nht vi mi quan h
Master/Slave tn ti trong sut thi gian kt ni. Mi thit b c th hot ng nh l thit
b nhn d liu hay c th va truyn va nhn. Hot ng truyn hay nhn cn ty thuc
vo vic thit b l master hay slave. Master nm vai tr to xung ng h cho ton h
thng, khi gia hai thit b Master/Slave giao tip th thit b Master c nhim v to xung
ng h v qun l a ch ca thit b Slave trong sut qu trnh giao tip.
Gi thit mt thit b A mun gi d liu n thit b B, qu trnh c thc hin
nh sau:
Thit b A(Master) xc nh ng a ch ca thit b B(Slave), cng vi vic
xc nh a ch thit b A s quyt nh vic c hay ghi vo thit b Slave.
Thit b A gi d liu ti thit b B.
Thit b A kt thc qu trnh truyn d liu.
2.5.1, Cc hm thit lp I2C.
START v STOP l nhng iu kin bt buc phi c khi mt thit b Master
mun thit lp giao tip vi mt thit b no . START l iu kin khi u bo hiu
bt u ca mt giao tip, STOP bo hiu kt thc mt giao tip.
Ban u khi cha thc hin qu trnh giao tip, c hai ng SDA v SCL
u mc cao( SDA=SCL=HIGH), lc ny bus I2C c gi l ri bus free, sn sng

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cho mt giao tip. Hai iu kin START v STOP l khng th thiu trong vic giao tip
gia cc thit b I2C vi nhau.
iu kin START : mt s chuyn i trng thi t cao xung thp
trn ng SDA trong khi ng SCL ang mc cao bo hiu mt
iu kin START.
iu kin STOP: mt s chuyn i trng thi t mc thp ln cao
trn ng SDA trong khi ng SCL ang mc cao.
C hai iu kin START v STOP u c to ra bi master. Sau tn hiu
START bus I2C c coi nh ang trong trng thi lm vic (busy). Bus I2C s ri, sn
sng cho mt giao tip mi sau tn hiu STOP t master.
Sau khi c mt iu kin START, trong qu trnh giao tip, khi c mt tn
hiu START c lp li thay v mt tn hiu STOP th bus I2C vn tip tc trng thi
bn. Tn hiu START v RESTART u c chc nng l khi to mt giao tip.

Hnh 2.21 :START v STOP

2.5.2, nh dng d liu truyn.
D liu c truyn trn bus I2C theo tng bit ti mi cnh ln ca xung Clock
(SCL), s thay i bit d liu trn SDA xy ra khi SCL ang mc thp. S lng byte
c th truyn trong mt ln ty , ti a l 128 bytes.
Bit MSB s c truyn trc. Sau 8 xung clock 8 bits d liu c truyn i,
thit b nhn s ko SDA xung mc thp tng ng mt bit ACK ti xung clock th 9
bo hiu nhn 8 bits. Thit b truyn khi nhn c bit ACK tip tc thc hin qu
trnh hoc kt thc.

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2.5.3, nh dng a ch thit b.

Mi thit b ngoi vi tham gia vo bus I2C u c mt a ch duy nht, c di 7
bits, nh vy trn mt bus I2C ta c th phn bit ti a 128 thit b. Byte u tin c
gi t Master s bao gm 7 bits a ch v bit th 8 gi l bit R/W.
Bit R/W = 0 : Ghi d liu t Master vo Slave.
Bit R/W = 1 : c d liu t Slave .

Hnh 2.22 : Gi bit nh a ch Slave

2.5.4, Phng thc truyn d liu ti Slave.
Cc bc ca qu trnh truyn d liu

Master to xung START

Master gi 7 bits a ch ca Slave + bit R/W=0 (8 clock)

Ti thi im clock th 9, Master c xung ACK t Slave. ACK=0 khi

Slave c a ch tng ng nhn dng, Master bt u gi d liu n Slave theo tng

byte mt, mt 9 clock do theo sau mi byte (8 clock) c gi t Master, Slave phi xc
nhn bng mt xung ACK=0.

Kt thc qu trnh truyn, Master sau khi truyn byte cui cng s to xung

STOP bo hiu kt thc.

Trang 27

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Hnh 2.23 : Khung truyn I2C

2.6. ng h Selec MFM 383.

2.6.1, Gii thiu ng h t in a nng Selec MFM 383.

Hnh 2.24 : ng h t in o a nng Selec MFM-383.

Tch hp hp 8 tnh nng trn mt sn phm:
o in p 3 pha.
o dng in 3 pha.
o cng sut tc dng 3 pha.
o cng sut phn khng 3 pha.
o cng sut biu kin 3 pha .
o in nng.
o h s cng sut 3 pha.
Trang 28

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

o tn s.
Khi lp rp t in hu ht khch hng cn trang b nhng loi ng h o dng in
A v in p V ca 3 pha, hin nay do vn rt cn thit l tit kim in nng th vic
kim sot in nng tiu th, cng sut phn khng Q, h s cng sut, cng sut hu
cng P kim chng cc bin php tit kim in, phn b ti ty theo thi gian, iu
chnh lch pha ca ti... cao hn l vic khon s in theo tng ca sn xut c cc
doanh nghip rt quan tm.
Nm bt c iu ny Selec nghin cu v cho ra i dng sn phm MFM383
o c hu ht tt c cc tham s ca mng 3P v 1P vi ch mt thit b. Khi lp thit
b ny khch hng khng cn mt nhiu thi gian khot thm t 2 n 30 l g thit b,
tit kim lng ln cc dy in u ni, tit kin thi gian u ni, tit kim nhn cng
lp t chuyn mch, v u ni... ch vi chi ph rt nh so vi cch lm c th khch
hng c mt t in chuyn nghip hn, gi thnh r hn, vn o cc tham s tr nn
qu r dng.
2.6.2, Thng s k thut.
Cc thng s k thut ca ng h MFM-383
Kch thc 96x96mm (mt ngoi 99x99mm, khot l 92x92mm)
Hin th : LCD : 3 hng x 3 s + 3 biu ct cho dng in + 8 s in
nng KWH
S dng cho mng 3 pha 4 dy hoc 1 pha 2 dy
Bin dng chn c t 5 n 5000/5A
Tiu hao nng lng ng vo : Max 0.5VA / phase
Cp chnh xc : cp 1
Ngun nui : 90 n 270VAC
Kh nng nh : 10 nm cho ch s in nng
Kh nng truyn thng qua MODBUS v qua phn mm ca hng
(MFM383-c)

Trang 29

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

2.6.3, S kt ni.

Hnh 2.25: S kt ni ng h vi in p 3 pha.

Hnh 2.26: S kt ni ng h vi in p 1 pha

Trang 30

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

CHNG 3
CC LINH KIN S DNG
3.1. PIC 24FJ128GB206.

Hnh 3.1 : PIC24FJ28GB206

Thng s k thut
in p hot ng 3.3V.
64 chn.
I/O ports: Ports B, C, D, E, F, G.
Trang 31

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

128Kbyte b nh chng trnh ( program memory) dng cha chng trnh np.
V c ch to bng cng ngh Flash nn b nh ny c th c lp trnh hay
xa nhiu ln. u im ny khin PIC24FJ128GB206 thch hp cho vic xy dng
cc ng dng iu khin.
96Kbyte RAM. B nh d liu c s dng trong sut qu trnh thc thi chng
trnh ca vi iu khin.
5 timer 16 bit.
4 Modul UAR.T
3 Modul SPI.
3 Module I2C.
16 knh ADC 10-bit.
Xy dng theo kin trc Havard c sa i.
Thch anh ni 8MHZ.
3.2. Reatime DS1302.

Hnh 3.2 : Reatime DS1302

in p ngun 2.0V- 5V.
Cho php c nm.thng,ngy, tun, th, gi, pht, giy.

Trang 32

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Bng 3.1 : Chn v chc nng chn ca DS1302

Tn

Chc nng

Chn

VCC2

cp ngun t 2.0V-5V

X1, X2

2, 3

2 chn ni thch anh 32.768HZ

GND

Chn ni mass

RST

Chn cho php DS1302 hot ng

I/O

Chn DATA

SCLK

Chn xung Clock

VCC1

Ngun cp bng pin

3.3. MAX485.

Hnh 3.3 : Max485

Giao thc truyn l bn song cng.
Tc truyn ln hn 2.5Gb/s.
Thi gian truyn 30ns ,cng tr 5ns.
iu khin bng ngun n 5V.
in p input ti cc chn l 2V
in p output ti cc chn l 3.5V
Truyn c trn 32 slave trn ng truyn.
Bng 3.2: Chn v chc nng cc chn ca MAX485
Tn

Chn

Chc nng

RO

Nhn ng ra:A>B khong 200mv th chn RO mc

Trang 33

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

cao.A<B khong 200mV th chn RO mc thp

RE

Cho php nhn. Nu chn ny mc 0 th chn RO hot

ng. RO mc cao khi chn ny mc cao

DE

Cho php chn ng ra iu khin hot ng. Chn ng ra

iu khin hot ng khi DE mc 1 v ngc li.khi DI
mc 1 m !RE mc 0 th chc nng l nhn

DI

B iu khin ng vo. Khi DI mc 0 th A mc 0, B mc

1 v ngc li

GND

Mass

iu khin ra v nhn vo vi sai

iu khin ra v nhn vo vi sai

VCC

Ngun: 4.75V Vcc 5.25V

3.4. EEPROM 24LC256.

Hnh 3.4 : EEPROM 24LC256

L EEPROM chun I2C.
in p 2.5V-5.5V.
Lu data > 200 nm.
B nh 256kbyte.
Kh nng c xa c 1000000 ln.

Trang 34

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Bng 3.3 : Chn v chc nng cc chn ca EEPROM 24LC256

Tn

Chn

Chc nng

A0, A1, A2

1, 2, 3

Chn nh a ch bng phn cng cho EEPROM

VSS

Chn ni mass

SDA

Chn DATA

SCL

Chn xung Clock

WP

write-protect input

VCC

Chn ni ngun

3.5. 74LVC1T45.

Hnh 3.5 : 74LV1T45

rng in p :
o Vcc(A) : 1.2V 5.5V
o Vcc(B) : 1.2V 5.5V
Bng 3.4 : iu kin xc nh input/output 74LV1T45.
Supply voltage

Input

Input/output

VCC ( A) VCC ( B )

DIR

1.2V to 5.5V

A=B

Input

1.2V to 5.5V

Input

B=A

GND

Trang 35

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Bng 3.5 : Chn v chc nng cc chn ca 74LV1T45

Tn

Chn

Miu t

VCC ( A)

Ngun port A v chn DIR

GND

Mass(0V)

Data input or output

Data input or output

DIR

Chn iu khin hng

VCC ( B )

Ngun port B

3.6. Graphic LCD 128x64.

Hnh 3.6 : Graphic LCD 128x64

Bng 3.6 : Chn v chc nng cc chn ca GRAPHIC LCD
Symbol

Pin

Discription

Funtion

VSS

Ground

0V

VDD

Power supply logic circuit

+5V

V0

LCD contrast adjustment

RS

Introduction/ data register selection

RS=0 : introduction register

RS=1 : data register

R/W

Read/write selection
Trang 36

R/W=0 : register write

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

R/W=1 : register read

E

Enable Signal

DB0

Data input/output lines

8 bit DB0-DB7

DB1

DB2

DB3

10

DB4

11

DB5

12

DB6

13

DB7

14

CS1

15

Chip selection

CS1=1 : chip select signal

for IC1

CS2

16

Chip selection

CS2=1 : chip select signal

for IC2

RST

17

Reset signal

RSTB=0 :

display

off,display from line 0

VEE

18

Negative Voltage for LCD driving

-10V

LED+

19

Supply voltage for LED+

+5V

LED-

20

Supply voltage for LED-

0V

Trang 37

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

3.7. 74ALVC164245/SO.

Hnh 3.7: 74LVC164245/SO

rng in p ngun :
o 3V port : (Vcc(A) ) : 1.5V -3.6V
o 5V port : (Vcc(B)) : 1.5V 5.5V
Bng 3.7 : Chn v chc nng cc chn ca 74LV164245/SO
symbol

Pin

Discription

SOT370-1 and SOT362-1

SOT1134-2

1DIR, 2DIR

1,24

A30,A13

Direction control input

1B0 to 1B7

2,3,5,6,8,9,11,12

B20,A31,D5,D1,

Data input/output

A2,B2,B3,A5
2B0 to 2B7

13,14,16,17,19,20,22,23

A6,B5,B6,A9,D2,

Data input/output

D6,A12,B8
GND

4,10,15,21,28,34,39,45

A32,A3,A8,A11,

Ground

A16,A19,A24,A27
VCC ( B )

7,18

A1,A10

Supply voltage B(5V

bus)

Trang 38

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

1 OE ,2 OE

48,25

A29,A14

Output

enable

input

B(active low)
1A0 to 1A7

47,46,44,43,41,40,38,37

B18,A28,D8,D4,

Data input/output

A25,B16,B15,A22
2A0 to 2A7

36,35,33,32,30,29,27,26

A21,B13,B12,A18,

Data input/output

D3,D7,A15,B10
VCC ( A)

31,42

A17,A26

Supply voltage A(3V

bus)

n.c

A4,A7,A20,A23,

Not connected

B1,B4,B7,B9,B11,
B14,B17,B19
Bng 3.8 : iu kin xc nh input/output 74LVC164245/SO.
Inputs

Output

N OE

nDIR

nAn

nBn

nAn=nBn

Inputs

Inputs

nBn=nAn

Trang 39

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

CHNG 4 :
THIT K H THNG
4.1. S khi h thng.

Hnh 4.1 : S khi mch thit k

4.1.1, S nguyn l khi hin th.
5V

3.3V

5V
J1

31
42
VCC2
VCC2

1A1
1A2
1A3
1A4
1A5
1A6
1A7
1A8
2A1
2A2
2A3
2A4
2A5
2A6
2A7
2A8

1DIR
2DIR

GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND

47
46
44
43
41
40
38
37
36
35
33
32
30
29
27
26

1OE
2OE

1
24

5V

48
25

4.7K

LCD_D0
LCD_D1
LCD_D2
LCD_D3
LCD_D4
LCD_D5
LCD_D6
LCD_D7
LCD_DI
LCD_RW
LCD_EN
LCD_CS1
LCD_CS2
R8

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
4
5
6
15
16
3
10k

5V

18
20
1

R20
4.7K

GRAPHIC LCD
Q1
MMBT2222A

4
10
15
21
28
34
39
45

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
DI
RW
EN
CS1
CS2
LCD_BRIGHT
BUZZER
LCD_DIR

VCC1
VCC1

7
18

R2
U2
74ALVC16245/SO
2
1B1 3
1B2 5
1B3 6
1B4 8
1B5 9
1B6 11
1B7 12
1B8 13
2B1 14
2B2 16
2B3 17
2B4 19
2B5 20
2B6 22
2B7 23
2B8

2
17
19

5V

J10
BUZZER
1
2

R22
4.7K

Hnh 4.2: khi hin th

Trang 40

Q2
MMBT2222A

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Vi mc ch thay th my tnh, ta dng Graphic LCD 128x64 hin th s liu

ng h do Graphic LCD c th hin th ch, s, hnh nh.
Graphic LCD giao tip vi vi x l qua IC m 74LVC16245/SO do in p ca vi
x l l 3,3V cn in p ca Graphic LCD l 5V. IC m 74LVC16245/SO l IC cho
php giao tip gia linh kin c in p t 1.5V n 3.6V v linh kin c in p t 1.5V
n 5.5V.
Chn 7 v chn 18 l chn ngun B v c cp in p l 5V.
Chn 31 v chn 42 l chn ngun A v c cp in p l 3.3V.
Chn 1 v chn 24 l 2 chn iu khin hng ng vo. Khi chn n OE = 0 nu
nDIR=1 th cc chn cng A s l cc chn input, lc ny data t vi x l s
truyn ra cc chn cng A qua chn cng B v n Graphic LCD, cn nu chn
nDIR=0 th cc chn cng B s l cc chn input, data trn Graphic LCD c
truyn n cc chn cng B ri qua chn cng A v vo vi iu khin.
4.1.2, S nguyn l khi lu tr v ng h thi gian thc.
3.3V

3.3V
3.3V

R15
4.7K
6
7
8

U7
SDA
SCL

VCC2

R14
4.7K

I/O
SCLK
VCC1

RST

X2

DS1302_RST
C8
15p
Y3
32.768Hz

GND

BT1
BATTERY

X1

C9
15p

DS1302

3.3V

GND

WP

A2
A1
A0

3
2
1

VCC

U10
24LC256
5
6 SDA
SCL

Hnh 4.3: Khi lu d liu v Reatime

Trang 41

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

thc hin vic lu s liu ti thit k trn mch thm EEPROM 24LC256.
EEPROM ny l EEPROM chun I2C gip tit kim chn vi iu khin hn na in p
hot ng ca n l 3.3V bng in p vi iu khin m ta s dng nn khng cn dng
IC m.
Thi gian thc c ly t Reatime DS1302. Mc ch ca ti khi s dng Reatime
DS1302 l do n c in p hot ng bng vi vi iu khin ta ang dng v vy s tit
kim c chi ph v din tch mch do khng phi gn thm IC m.
D liu sau khi ly t ng h v PIC24FJ128GB206 s c lu vo b nh
EEPROM ngoi l 24LC256 v thi gian lu. Thi gian s c ly t reatime DS1302.
4.1.3, S nguyn l khi giao tip RS485.

5V

D4

U8
4
5 VCC
VCC

4001

1
2
3
6

12V

R17
1K

3.3V
RxD2

5V

U11
1
3
5

VCCA VCCB
A
B
DIR
GND
74LVC1T45

6
A

7
8
R18

12V

D9

U21
4
5 VCC
VCC

4001

1
2
3
6

6
4
2
R19
1K

GND
GND

RJ45

120

TxD2

DE
RE
D
R

3
2
4
1

RTS2

GNDVCC

U9
MAX485

A1
B1
A2
B2

7
8

A1
B1
A2
B2
GND
GND

RJ45

Hnh 4.4: Khi RS485

RS485 kt ni vi chn b Uart ca vi iu khin, s dng ngt nhn ca b Uart
nhn s liu chnh xc v lin tc m khng nh hng ti cng vic khc ca vi iu
khin.
IC 74LVC1T45 l IC m giao tip gia 2 in p khc nhau. Tc dng ca n ging
nh IC74ALVC14245. Do Max485 c i p input l 2V th max485 hiu l mc 1
trong khi vi iu khin truyn ra l 3.3V nn trn dy TxD khng cn IC m, cn in p
output ca max485 l 3.5V nn khi trn dy RxD phi c IC m trc khi vo vi iu
khin.
Trang 42

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

4.1.4, S nguyn l khi ngun.

iu kin in p: ta dng trong mch l cc linh kin c in p ngun l 3.3V
v 5V v vy thit k Khi ngun a ra in p l 5V v 3.3V cung cp cho
ton mch.
iu kin dng:
o LT1117-3.3/SO dng in hot ng 800mA

I 24 FJ 128GB 206 I 24 LC 256 I DS1302 2 xI 74 LVC1T 45

0.8mA 3mA 1.28mA 2 x100mA 205.08mA < 800mA

o LM2576/TO chu dng 3A

I I

GraphicLCD

I LT1117 I 74 ALVC16245 2 xI MAX485

I 0.1mA 800mA 100mA 2x1mA 902.1mA < 3A

Nh vy vi vic chn 2 linh kin l LM2576/TO v LT1117-3.3/SO s p ng
c v in p, dng in, cng sut cung cp cho ton mch.

SW1

12V

SW KEY -DPDT

J4
3
2
1

+
C10
680uF/16V

OUT

VIN

ADJ

FB

VOUT

2
+

L2
220uH

1N4007

GND

VIN

3.3V
U13
LT1117-3.3/SO

1
D3

ON/OFF

5V
U20
LM2576/TO

C11
680uF/16V

C12
680uF/16V

D8
SS34

DC JACK

5V

C19
104

C20
104

Hnh 4.5: khi ngun

4.2. S nguyn l .

Trang 43

C21
104

C23
104

C14
104

C15
104

C16
104

C17
104

C18
104

C13
104

3.3V

R1
4.7K

5V

3.3V

5V
J1

47
48

25
9
41
20

SOSCI/C3IND/CN1/RC13
SOSCO/SCLKI/T1CK/C3INC/RPI37/CN0/RC14

D+/CN83/RG2
D-/CN84/RG3
C1IND/RP21/PMA5/CN8/RG6
C1INC/RP26/PMA4/CN9/RG7
C2IND/RP19/PMA3/CN10/RG8
C2INC/RP27/PMA2/CN11/RG9

Y2
4MHz

ENVREG
VCAP
VUSB

ENC_CS
ENC_SCK
ENC_MOSI
ENC_MISO

1OE
2OE

3.3V

3.3V

18
20
1

R20
4.7K

14
R9
1K

GRAPHIC LCD
Q1
MMBT2222A

RBIAS

TPOUT+
TPOUTTPIN+
TPIN-

5V

LEDA
LEDB

R6
51

C4
22p

J10
BUZZER

1
3
2

13
12

7
6
8
R7
51

5
4

C2

C3

103

1K

Q2
MMBT2222A

3.3V

J6

U4
4
5 VCC
VCC

RST

X2

DS1302_RST
C8
15p

J3

Y3
32.768Hz
GND

BT1
BATTERY

X1

RxD1
PGD
PGC

5V

U6
1
3
5

VCCA VCCB
A
B
DIR
GND

6
A

120

1
2
3
6
7
8

6
4
2

A1
B1
A2
B2

RJ45

1K

ICSP
12V

D4

U8
4
5 VCC
VCC

4001

1
2
3
6

3.3V
5V

3.3V

R17
1K

R21

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BTN0
BTN1
BTN2
BTN3
BTN4
BTN5

3.3V
RxD2

VCCA VCCB
A
B
DIR
GND
74LVC1T45

CON7

5V

U11
1
3
5

7
8

J5

DE
RE
D
R

R18

12V

1K

GND
GND

D9

U21
4
5 VCC
VCC

4001

1
2
3
6

6
4
2
R19

A1
B1
A2
B2

RJ45

120

3
2
4
1

TxD2

GNDVCC

3
2
1

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2

VCC
GND

WP

RTS2
A2
A1
A0

U9
MAX485

10K

U10
24LC256
5
6 SDA
SCL

5
2
6
1

SDI
SDO
SCLK
CS

1
CON1
J7
1
CON1

GND
GND

R16

74LVC1T45

C9
15p

DS1302

3.3V
MCLR

1
2
3
4
5

R13
B

I/O
SCLK
VCC1

TxD1

DE
RE
D
R

6
7
8

VCC2

SDA
SCL

U7

3
2
4
1

GNDVCC

U5
MAX485
RTS1

R15
4.7K

EEPROM_MOSI
EEPROM_MISO
EEPROM_SCK
EEPROM_CS

VCC
WP
HOLD

8
3
7

U23
25LV512

R12
1K

GND

5V

3.3V
3.3V

R14
4.7K

103

C5
22p

C7
22p

3.3V

J2

1
2
R22
4.7K

7
8

A1
B1
A2
B2
GND
GND

RJ45

1K

L1
Ferrite Bead

17
16

R10
51
R11

57
56
35

Y1
25MHz

27
26

11
9

28
25
20
19
15

CLKOUT
INT
WOL
SO
SI
SCK
CS
RESET

LEDA
LEDB

RJ-45 HR91102A

ENC_MISO
ENC_MOSI
ENC_SCK
ENC_CS

VCAP

10
12

INT

R5

OSC2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1K

LEDB

24

5V

10k

5V

48
25

R4
U3
ENC28J60

C1
103

VDD
VDDOSC
VDDPLL
VDDRX
VDDTX

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
4
5
6
15
16
3

OSC1

R8

PIC24FJxxxGB206
C6
22p

R3
51

LEDA
LCD_D0
LCD_D1
LCD_D2
LCD_D3
LCD_D4
LCD_D5
LCD_D6
LCD_D7
LCD_DI
LCD_RW
LCD_EN
LCD_CS1
LCD_CS2

23

31
42

1DIR
2DIR

37
36
4
5
6
8

1
24

3.3V

VSS
VSSRX
VSSTX
VSSPLL
VSSOSC

1A1
1A2
1A3
1A4
1A5
1A6
1A7
1A8
2A1
2A2
2A3
2A4
2A5
2A6
2A7
2A8

VCC2
VCC2

CS1
CS2
RXD2
TxD2
RTS2

47
46
44
43
41
40
38
37
36
35
33
32
30
29
27
26

VCC1
VCC1

58
59
33
31
32
34

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
DI
RW
EN
CS1
CS2
LCD_BRIGHT
BUZZER
LCD_DIR

GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND

PMD0/CN58/RE0
PMD1/CN59/RE1
PMD2/CN60/RE2
PMD3/CN61/RE3
PMD4/CN62/RE4
PMD5/CN63/RE5
SCL3/PMD6/CN64/RE6
SDA3/PMD7/CN65/RE7

OSCO/CLKO/CN22/RC15

60
61
62
63
64
1
2
3

VBUSST/V CMPST1/VBUSVLD /CN68/RF0

VCMPST2/SESSVLD/CN69/RF1
RP16/USBID/CN71/RF3
SDA2/ RP10/PMA9/CN17/RF4
SCL2/ RP17/PMA8/CN18/RF5
VBUS/RF7

D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
DI
RW
EN
LCD_BRIGHT

2
17
19

4.7K

4
10
15
21
28
34
39
45

VDD
VDD
VDD
AVDD

PGED1/AN0/VREF +/PMA6/RP0/CN2/RB0
PGEC1/AN1/VREF-/ RP1/CN3/RB1
AN2/C2INB/VMIO/RP13/CN4/RB2
AN3/C2INA/VPIO/CN5/RB3
PGED3/AN4/C1INB/USBOEN/ RP28/CN6/RB4
PGEC3/AN5/C1INA/VBUSON/RP18/CN7/RB5
PGEC2/AN6/RP6/CN24/RB6
PGED2/AN7/RP7/RCV/CN25/RB7
AN8/RP8/CN26/RB8
AN9/RP9/PMA7/CN27/RB9
TMS/CV REF/AN10/PMA13/CN28/RB10
TDO/AN11/PMA12/CN29/RB11
TCK/AN12/CTEDG2/PMA11/CN30/RB12
TDI/AN13CTEDG1/PMA10/CN31/RB13
AN14/CTPLS/RP14/PMA1/CN32/RB14
AN15/ RP29/REFO/PMA0/CN12/RB15

46
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
42
43
44
45

U2
74ALVC16245/SO
2
1B1 3
1B2 5
1B3 6
1B4 8
1B5 9
1B6 11
1B7 12
1B8 13
2B1 14
2B2 16
2B3 17
2B4 19
2B5 20
2B6 22
2B7 23
2B8

40

DS1302_RST
SCL
SDA

DMH/RP11/INT0/CN49/RD0
VCPCON/RP24/V BUSCHG/CN50/RD1
DPH/RP23/PMACK1/CN51/RD2
RP22/PMBE0/CN52/RD3
RP25/PMWR/CN13/RD4
RP20/PMRD/CN14/RD5
C3INB/CN15/RD6
C3INA/SESSEND/CN16/RD7
RTCC/DMLN/RP2 /CN53/RD8
DPLN/SDA1/RP4 /PMA14/PMCS1/CN54/RD9
SCL1/ RP3 /PMA15/PMCS2/CN55/RD10
RP12/PMACK2/CN56/RD11

OSCI/CLKI/CN23/RC12

LCD_DIR

MCLR

16
15
14
13
12
11
17
18
21
22
23
24
27
28
29
30

39

EEPROM_SCK
EEPROM_MOSI
EEPROM_MISO
EEPROM_CS
PGD
PGC
INT
RxD1
TxD1
RTS1
BTN0
BTN1
BTN2
BTN3
BTN4
BTN5

VSS
VSS
VSS
AVSS

MCLR

10
26
38
19

4148

U1

7
18

R2

2
11
18
21
22

D1

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

4.3. Lu gii thut.

Start

Khi to cc module
phn cng

Button 1
nhn ?

ID = ID + 1

ID = 32 ?

ID = 0

Button 2
nhn ?

Y
ID = ID 1

ID = 0 ?

ID = 32

Button 3
nhn ?

ang hin th
dng th 0 ?

Cun mn hnh ln

N
Button 4
nhn ?

ang hin th
dng 50 ?

Cun mn hnh xung

Gi yu cu truyn d
liu n slave c a ch
bng ID

N
C d liu t
slave ?
Y

CRC ng ?

Timeout ?
Y
Hin th thng
bo mt kt ni

Y
Hin th d liu

END

Trang 45

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

Chng 5:
KT LUN
5.1. Cc im t v cha t c.
5.1.1, Cc im t c.
Hin nay ti ca ti hon thnh phn cng, giao tip c vi LCD GRAPHIC,
giao tip c vi ng h MFM-383, lp trnh giao din hin th trn mn hnh Graphic
LCD 128x64, kt hp nt nhn chn ng h no s c hin th trn LCD v ko
mn hnh tin quan st. Ly c thi gian thc t DS1302 hin th trn LCD.
5.1.2, Cc im cha t.
Do thi gian thc hin ti ngn nn ti cha hon thnh ti theo ng d tnh
ban u. Ti cha thc hin c bc truyn d liu t vi iu khin v my tnh ch
qua cng mng v lu d liu vo EEPROM
5.2. Hng pht trin ti.
Ti s tin hnh thit k phn mm truyn d liu v my tnh qua giao thc
Ethernet v lu s liu t cc ng h gi v vo EEPROM .

Trang 46

 Ti: THIT K MCH GIM ST NG H IN CNG NGHIP

TI LIU THAM KHO

Ting Vit :
[1] Hong Minh Sn, Mng truyn thng cng nghip, NXB khoa hc v k thut,
H Ni-2004.
[2] http://www.tailieu.vn
[3] http://www.picvietnam.com
[4] http://www.dientuvietnam.net

Ting Anh :
[5] http://www.microchip.com
[6] http://www.engscope.com/pic24-tutorial/
[7] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jdp6owxHVl0&feature=player_embedded
[8] http://www.alldatasheet.com
[9] http://selectautomation.blogspot.com
[10] http://www.modbus.org/

Trang 47