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  • Copd Exacerbatio N Period: Chronic Cough That Produces Sputum That May Be Clear, White, Yellow or Greenish

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    Nicole Feliciano
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    This document outlines the risk factors and pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Key risk factors include exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, cement dust, and factory fumes. Prolonged inhalation of these irritants can cause chronic inflammation and damage to the lungs over time. This leads to narrowed airways, increased mucus production, and destruction of lung tissue. The resulting loss of lung function can impair gas exchange and cause symptoms like shortness of breath, chronic cough, and worsening respiratory effort. If left untreated, COPD can progress to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.

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    patho

    Original Title

    Pathophys Diagram

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    This document outlines the risk factors and pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Key risk factors include exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, cement dust, and factory fumes. Prolonged inhalation of these irritants can cause chronic inflammation and damage to the lungs over time. This leads to narrowed airways, increased mucus production, and destruction of lung tissue. The resulting loss of lung function can impair gas exchange and cause symptoms like shortness of breath, chronic cough, and worsening respiratory effort. If left untreated, COPD can progress to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    19 views1 page

    Copd Exacerbatio N Period: Chronic Cough That Produces Sputum That May Be Clear, White, Yellow or Greenish

    Uploaded by

    Nicole Feliciano
    This document outlines the risk factors and pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Key risk factors include exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, cement dust, and factory fumes. Prolonged inhalation of these irritants can cause chronic inflammation and damage to the lungs over time. This leads to narrowed airways, increased mucus production, and destruction of lung tissue. The resulting loss of lung function can impair gas exchange and cause symptoms like shortness of breath, chronic cough, and worsening respiratory effort. If left untreated, COPD can progress to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Risk Factors:

    Irritants (cement dust, gases and fumes from factory), cigarette


    smoking, secondhand smoking from co-workers, inappropriate use

    Entry of irritants through


    inhalation

    Increased
    respiratory effort
    a.m.b tachypnea,
    increased RR,
    S.O.B.

    Prolonged exposure to particles

    Chronic irritation

    Decreased Lung
    Compliance and
    increased airway

    Inflammation of bronchial walls


    Hypertrophy of submucosal glands in larger
    airways and increase in goblet cells in smaller
    airways

    If prolonged,
    fibrosis of
    bronchial walls
    and scar

    Increase in mucus secretion


    Accumulation of mucus in airways

    Obstruction
    with
    parenchymal
    damage

    Narrowing of lumen and plugging

    Decrease
    in
    circulatin
    g oxygen

    Impaired
    ciliary function

    Increased
    susceptibility to
    infection

    Chronic
    Bronchitis

    Obstruction of
    airflow which
    leads to V/Q
    mismatch

    Progressive coughing
    a.m.b. chronic cough that
    produces sputum that
    may be clear, white,
    yellow or greenish.

    COPD
    Exacerbatio
    n
    period

    Dyspnea

    Alveolar tissue
    destruction
    If cannot
    compensate,
    Hypoxemia,
    hypercapnia,

    COPD
    Decrease in
    surface area
    for gas
    exchange

    Increase in RBC
    production

    Polycythemia a.m.b.
    plethora, cyanosis,
    warm moist skin
    Higher blood
    viscocity

    Increased heart
    workload

    Manifestations:
    Progressive decrease in
    exercise tolerance,
    prolonged expiration,
    expiratory wheezes and
    crackles, chest tightness

    Hypoxic
    pulmonary
    vasoconstriction

    Increased pulmonary
    vascular resistance

    Pulmonary
    hypertension

    Ventilation
    -Perfusion
    coupling
    Manifestations:
    S.O.B, venous
    congestion,
    peripheral
    edema, chest
    pain, fatigue,
    excessive
    coughing, and
    abnormal heart

    Cor
    pulmonale
    Increased right
    ventricular
    afterload

    Right
    ventricular
    hypertophy

    Right
    ventricular
    failure

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