General Rules

becomes before SUFFIXES that start with or , e.g. + =

is dropped before SUFFIXES that start with or , e.g. + =
is dropped before SUFFIXES that start with a vowel, e.g. + =
Relevant Sandhi Rules
/ + / = , / + / =
becomes when followed by any vowel, becomes when followed by any vowel
becomes when preceded by or any vowel other than /

STEM = ROOT + CLASS ENDING

Where 2 CLASS ENDINGS are given, the second is strong, i.e. to be used with all P singular suffixes of
Present and Imperfect, and all First Person suffixes and P III/1 of Imperative (but no Optative suffixes).

Redup

5
$

-- --

10

Where 2 SUFFIXES are given for one Person/Number, the first is for Thematic/First Conjugation verbs, and
the second for Non-Thematic/Second Conjugation verbs

Present: STEM + SUFFIX

P

III

III

II

II

/6

6
:;

<

<

Imperative: STEM + SUFFIX

P

III

/$

II

II
I

+
+

III

:
?

Imperfect: + STEM + SUFFIX

Optative: STEM + / + SUFFIX

Optative: STEM + / + SUFFIX

is added to all Thematic/First Conjugation

is added to all Thematic/First Conjugation

STEMS, is added to all Non-Thematic/Second

Conjugation STEMS

STEMS, is added to all Non-Thematic/Second

Conjugation STEMS

III

III

$
II

II

Perfect: Reduplication + ROOT + SUFFIX

P

III

III

()C

II

()

II

()E

():;

()

()

()<

()<