CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

At the end of this experiment, we have successfully achieved all the objective of this
experiment. We manage to produce the soap and learned how to make step by step according to
the lab manual. During conducting this experiment, we can see that when triglycerides are
reacted with sodium or potassium hydroxide, the reaction will produce glycerol and salts of fatty
acid. We managed to stamp about 17 block of soap from one container. Before we solidified the
soap, the pH value is taken from the solution which is 12pH. However, the suitable pH value of
soap is 9pH and theoretically we did not manage to get the exact pH for the soap.
There are several recommendation must be taken before conducting the experiment and
while conducting the experiment to obtain more accurate result without any error. The measuring
apparatus should be calibrate first to avoid any error. While preparing all of the solution, eyes
must be perpendicular to the scale reading when measuring the solution with the apparatus to
avoid miscalculation of reading. Student is compulsory to wear proper personal protective
equipment to prevent any accident occur during the experiment. All apparatus must be wash and
cleaned before use to avoid any disruption of result.

METHODOLOGY
Materials required in this experiment :

Cooking oil = 1kg

NaOH = 167.82g (diluted with 167.82g DI water)
NaCI = 33.57g (diluted with 33.57g DI water)
EDTA = 3.36g

Procedure:
1. 1kg of cooking oil was prepared in a beaker.
2. 167.82g of Sodium Hydroxide solution was prepared in a beaker and was diluted with
167.82mL of distilled water.
3. 33.57g of Sodium Chloride solution was prepared was diluted with 33.57mL of distilled
water.
4. 3.36g of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) powder was prepared.
5. Using soap making unit (Reactor Machine), pour 1000g of cooking oil into the unit and
allow it to be heated for 7 minutes.
6. Next, pour the half of Sodium Hydroxide solution (NaOH) into the soap making unit
(Reactor Machine). About 7 minutes, half of the Sodium Chloride (NaCl) solution is
added into the unit. Lastly, half of the EDTA powder is added into the mixture for another
7 minutes.
7. All the remaining was mixed together and was poured into the machine.
8. After 10 minutes, the mixture came into a solid-liquid form. The solid mixture was taken
out and was put into a container.
9. The soap was tested with pH paper.
10. The soap was allowed to be cooled down around 3 to 4 hour.
11. Cut the soap into 18 parts by using the cutter.
12. Lastly, the soap was stamped using the Soap Stamper Machine.

Figure 1 : The pH value of the soap (12pH)

Figure 2 : 17 block of soap was stamped

Figure 3 : The soap