DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

BME8P1-DESIGN AND FABRICATION PROJECT 2012-2013

A MAJOR- PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
MUKUL KUMAR
NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS
NITESH KUMAR SONI
PANKAJ KUMAR

U09ME112
U09ME122
U09ME125
U09ME129

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073
MAY 2013
1

BHARTH INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073
MAY 2013

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE(BME8P1)

Certified that this project report DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE is the bonafide work of MUKUL KUMAR
(U09ME112), NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS (U09ME122), NITESH
KUMAR SONI (U09ME125),PANKAJ KUMAR (U09ME129) who carried
out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE

SIGNATURE

PROF. S. BALAGURU

Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

GUIDE

MECHANNICAL DEPARTMENT

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

BHARATH UNIVERSITY

MECHANICAL DEPATMENT

CHENNAI-73

BHARATH UNIVERSITY
CHENNAI-73

LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.
No.

1.

2.

3.

4.

TITLE

PAGE

ABSTRACT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

LIST OF SYMBOLS

Study Of hydraulic crane

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Parts and Its Description

1.3 Different Types of Hydraulic Crane

12

1.4 Advantages of Hydraulic Crane

15

Relevant Theory

17

2.1 Design Work

17

2.2 Design Criteria

17

Manufacturing Process
3.1 Manufacturing

19
19

3.2 Assembly

19

Design Calculations

20

4.1Design Specification

20

4.2 Design of truck

20

4.3 Hydraulic System

21

5.

Bill of Materials

23

6.

Assembly Diagram

24

7.

Snapshots

26

8.

Conclusion

28

9.

References

29

ABSTRACT

In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing

industries. In our project we aim to fabricate a hydraulic operated floor crane for
handling various kinds of materials. The hydraulic floor crane consists of truck,
hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic tank, hydraulic hoses, DCV, beam and hooks. The
beam one end is fixed to the truck and another end is attached to the hooks. The
hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal arm. The hydraulic tank is
pumping to the hose in upward direction. At the same time material is lifted
with the help of hook and hydraulic cylinder released to the pressure valve so
the material is unloaded. The material from one place goes to the other place
with the help of hydraulic floor crane. The crane reduces the workers fatigue
and increases the overall efficiency of production processes with good safety.
The crane is fabricated with complete clear front, small compact frame, good
reach, high lift and with low center of gravity. The crane has the capacity of
lifting 10 kg with wide spread application in the shop floor. Thus the floor crane
would serve as a safe and versatile model for material handling operations.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to thank our project guide Mrs. S.SUCHIRATHA,
Assistant Professor, Mechanical engineering Department, Bharath University
who has given valuable support during the course of our project by clarifying
our doubts and guiding us with her novel ideas.

We would like to thank Prof. S. BALAGURU, Head of department,

mechanical engineering, Bharath University.

We extend our sincere thanks to our Dean Dr. T.J.Prabhu Department of

mechanical engineering for giving us this wonderful opportunity to work in
desired area of interest.

We extend our sincere thanks to all teaching staff of mechanical engineering

department, those who helped us in completing this project successfully.

Lastly we also thank the people who directly or indirectly gave us

encouragement and support throughout the project.

LIST OF SYMBOLS

SERIAL

SYMBOL

DESCRIPTION

ID

Inner diameter

PN

Power in kw

Motor speed in rpm

Discharge in l/min

Frequency in Hz

IN

Current in ampere

Length of truck

Breadth of truck

Height of truck

10

Total weight

11

Fiber stress in bending

12

Depth of joist

13

Length of joist

14

Density of fluid at room temp.

15

Cross sectional area of hose

16

Velocity of fluid in hoses

NO.

CHAPTER: 1
STUDY OF HYDRAULIC CRANE

1.1 Introduction
A 'crane' is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire
ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and
to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and
transporting them to other places. It uses one or more simple machines to create
mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a man.
Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and
unloading of freight, in the construction industry for the movement of materials
and in the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment. In
material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries.
Hydraulic cranes are heavy equipment used primarily for lifting.These Hydraulic
floor Cranes, provide an efficient low cost alternative to other material handling
equipment. Strong, robust, study and built to very standard. Laden, these cranes
are manoeuvrable and loading, unloading and shifting of heavy load. Crane
structure consists of chasis, vertical column, inner boom and outer boom, and the
hydraulic pump with cylinder assembly. The box frame can take heavy loads
effectively, avoids and damage under rough and unskilled handling. Inner and
outer boom is suitably reinefoast the bow structure for better distribution of force.
Inner boom has 3 locking points telescopes into the outer boom with 360 rotating
forged steel hook. Moving on 4 Nos wheels, two wheels are fixed and two wheels
are on swivel castors easy directional movement and all wheels are equipped with
sealed ball bearing / tapper roller bearings for better mobility. 2 Nos screw disc
ground arrested are provided to prevent movement when transfer of load track.
The hydraulic crane was invented in Newcastle by William Armstrong in about
1845 to help load coal into barges at the Quayside.
8

1.2 Parts and descriptions of hydraulic floor crane

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

Base plate/ Truck/Pallet

Hydraulic tank
Hydraulic hoses
Direction control valve
Vertical column
Ball bearings
Horizontal arm
Secondary horizontal arm
Hydraulic cylinder
Hook
Nuts and Bolts
Wheels

1. Base plate/ Truck/Pallet:It is a plate that serves as a base or support. It is used for carrying the
overall weight of the project. It is made of mild steel. In this 4 bars are
welded by using Electric Arc Welding to give it a rectangular shape. It is
made up of cast iron.
2. Hydraulic tank:- It is filled with engine oil. It consists of an A.C. Motor
which is having four connections to the outside of the tank for connecting
it to the power supply. The capacity of fuel tank is 4 litre.

3. Hydraulic hose:- These are for carrying the fluid (Engine Oil)
from the hydraulic tank to the cylinder at the time of extending and from
the cylinder to the hydraulic tank at the time of retraction. These can
sustain fluid pressure in ranges from 180 bar 350 bar. These are made
of polymer material with mild steel nuts at the ends to fix it with the
hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic tank. In our project we have four hoses
for various applications. There are separate hoses for suction, pressure,
flow, and return of fluid.
4. Direction control valve:- This is a Lever operated Direction Control
Valve. This is used for controlling the direction of fluid flow in the
9

hydraulic hoses from hydraulic tank to hydraulic cylinder and vice-versa

during arm extension and arm retraction simultaneously.
5. Vertical column:- This is mounted on the pallet/base plate/truck in
longitudinal or Y-direction. It consists of a short handle which is welded
to the vertical column for 360 rotation of the column so that the load can
be dropped at the required position. It consists of roller bearing at the
base in the circumferential manner to reduce friction at the time of
rotating the vertical column.
6. Thrust ball bearings:- Ball bearings are called as anti friction bearings.
This is a misnomer because friction is always present in such bearings,
mainly owing to rolling resistance between the balls or rollers and the
race.
It
carries
the
vertical
thrust
and
axial
load.

7. Horizontal arm:-It is fixed horizontal arm on which our hydraulic

piston and cylinder is mounted. It is fixed with the vertical column with
welded joint which can rotate with the rotating vertical column to 360
rotation.
8. Secondary horizontal arm:-It is horizontal arm which can move in up
and down with the load or without the load. A is fixed to it through which
we can attach the load.
9. Hydraulic cylinder: A Hydraulic cylinder (also called a linear hydraulic
motor) is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional force
through a unidirectional stroke. Hydraulic cylinders get their power from
pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is typically oil. The hydraulic cylinder
10

consists of a cylinder barrel, in which a piston connected to a piston

rod moves back and forth.

10.Hook: Hook is fixed with the secondary horizontal arm. Hook is used for
attaching the load to secondary horizontal arm which moves up and down
due which the connected loads are lifted and rotates.
11.Nuts and Bolts: Nuts and bolts are the hardware fasteners which are used
to fasten the various different parts .in our project we have used around

20 nut and bolts.

12.Wheels:- A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an
axial bearing. The wheel is one of the main components of the wheel and
axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with
axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or
transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines.
In our project we are using four wheels of diameter 12cm.

11

1.3Types of hydraulic crane:a. Truck Cranes

b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes
c. Overhead crane
d. Tower Cranes

a. Truck Cranes:A crane mounted on a truck carrier provides the mobility for this type of crane.
This crane has two parts: the carrier, often referred to as the Lower, and the
lifting component which includes the boom, referred to as the Upper. These are
mated together through a turntable, allowing the upper to swing from side to
side. These modern hydraulic truck cranes are usually single-engine machines,
with the same engine powering the undercarriage and the crane. The upper is
usually powered via hydraulics run through the turntable from the pump
mounted on the lower. In older model designs of hydraulic truck cranes, there
were two engines. One in the lower pulled the crane down the road and ran a
hydraulic pump for the outriggers and jacks. The one in the upper ran the upper
through a hydraulic pump of its own. Many older operators favor the twoengine system due to leaking seals in the turntable of aging newer design
cranes.
Generally, these cranes are able to travel on highways, eliminating the need for
special equipment to transport the crane unless weight or other size
constrictions are in place such as local laws. If this is the case, most larger
cranes are equipped with either special trailers to help spread the load over more
axles or are able to disassemble to meet requirements. An example is
counterweights. Often a crane will be followed by another truck hauling the
counterweights that are removed for travel. In addition some cranes are able to
remove the entire upper. However, this is usually only an issue in a large crane
and mostly done with a conventional crane such as a Link-Belt HC-238. When
working on the job site, outriggers are extended horizontally from the chassis
then vertically to level and stabilize the crane while stationary and hoisting.
Many truck cranes have slow-travelling capability (a few miles per hour) while
suspending a load. Great care must be taken not to swing the load sideways
from the direction of travel, as most anti-tipping stability then lies in the
stiffness of the chassis suspension. Most cranes of this type also have moving
counterweights for stabilization beyond that provided by the outriggers. Loads
suspended directly aft are the most stable, since most of the weight of the crane
acts as a counterweight. Factory-calculated charts (or electronic safeguards) are
used by crane operators to determine the maximum safe loads for stationary
(outriggered) work as well as (on-rubber) loads and travelling speeds.
12

b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes:A crawler is a crane mounted on an undercarriage with a set of tracks (also
called crawlers) that provide stability and mobility. Crawler cranes range in
lifting capacity from about 40 to 3,500 short tons (35.7 to 3,125.0 long tons;
36.3 to 3,175.1 t).
Crawler cranes have both advantages and disadvantages depending on their use.
Their main advantage is that they can move around on site and perform each lift
with little set-up, since the crane is stable on its tracks with no outriggers. In
addition, a crawler crane is capable of traveling with a load. The main
disadvantage is that they are very heavy, and cannot easily be moved from one
job site to another without significant expense. Typically a large crawler must
be disassembled and moved by trucks, rail cars or ships to its next location.
c. Overhead crane
Overhead crane being used in typical machine shop. The hoist is operated via a
wired pushbutton station to move system and the load in any direction.
An overhead crane, also known as a bridge crane, is a type of crane where the
hook-and-line mechanism runs along a horizontal beam that itself runs along
two widely separated rails. Often it is in a long factory building and runs along
rails along the building's two long walls. It is similar to a gantry crane.
Overhead cranes typically consist of either a single beam or a double beam
construction. These can be built using typical steel beams or a more complex
box girder type. Pictured on the right is a single bridge box girder crane with
the hoist and system operated with a control pendant. Double girder bridge are
more typical when needing heavier capacity systems from 10 tons and above.
The advantage of the box girder type configuration results in a system that has a
lower deadweight yet a stronger overall system integrity. Also included would
be a hoist to lift the items, the bridge, which spans the area covered by the
crane, and a trolley to move along the bridge.
The most common overhead crane use is in the steel industry. At every step of
the manufacturing process, until it leaves a factory as a finished product, steel is
handled by an overhead crane. Raw materials are poured into a furnace by
crane, hot steel is stored for cooling by an overhead crane, the finished coils are
lifted and loaded onto trucks and trains by overhead crane, and the fabricator or
stamper uses an overhead crane to handle the steel in his factory.
The automobile industry uses overhead cranes for handling of raw materials.
Smaller workstation cranes handle lighter loads in a work-area, such as CNC
mill or saw.

13

Almost all paper mills use bridge cranes for regular maintenance requiring
removal of heavy press rolls and other equipment. The bridge cranes are used in
the initial construction of paper machines because they facilitate installation of
the heavy cast iron paper drying drums and other massive equipment, some
weighing as much as 70 tons.

d. Tower Cranes:Tower cranes are a modern form of balance crane that consist of the same basic
parts. Fixed to the ground on a concrete slab (and sometimes attached to the
sides of structures as well), tower cranes often give the best combination of
height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall buildings. The
base is then attached to the mast which gives the crane its height. Further the
mast is attached to the slewing unit (gear and motor) that allows the crane to
rotate. On top of the slewing unit there are three main parts which are: the long
horizontal jib (working arm), shorter counter-jib, and the operators cab. Tower
crane cabin .The long horizontal jib is the part of the crane that carries the load.
The counter-jib carries a counterweight, usually of concrete blocks, while the
jib suspends the load to and from the center of the crane. The crane operator
either sits in a cab at the top of the tower or controls the crane by radio remote
control from the ground. In the first case the operator's cab is most usually
located at the top of the tower attached to the turntable, but can be mounted on
the jib, or partway down the tower. The lifting hook is operated by the crane
operator using electric motors to manipulate wire rope cables through a system
of sheaves. The hook is located on the long horizontal arm to lift the load which
also contains its motor.
A tower crane rotates on its axis before lowering the lifting hook.In order to
hook and unhook the loads, the operator usually works in conjunction with a
signaller (known as a 'dogger', 'rigger' or 'swamper'). They are most often in
radio contact, and always use hand signals. The rigger or dogger directs the
schedule of lifts for the crane, and is responsible for the safety of the rigging
and loads.
The Component of Tower Crane:Tower Cranes are used extensively in construction and other industry to hoist
and move materials. There are many types of tower cranes. Although they are
different in type, the main parts are the same, as follows:
1. Mast The mast is the main supporting tower of the crane. It is made of steel
trussed sections that are connected together during installation.
2. Slewing Unit

14

The slewing unit sits at the top of the mast. This is the engine that enables the
crane to rotate.
3. Operating Cabin
The operating cabin sits just above the slewing unit. It contains the operating
controls.
4. Jib
The jib, or operating arm, extends horizontally from the crane. A "luffing" jib is
able to move up and down; a fixed jib has a rolling trolley that runs along the
underside to move goods horizontally.
5. Hook
The hook (or hooks) is used to connect the material to the crane. It hangs at the
end of thick steel cables that run along the jib to the motor.
6. Weights
Large concrete counterweights are mounted toward the rear of the mast, to
compensate for the weight of the goods lifted.
A tower crane is usually assembled by a telescopic jib (mobile) crane of greater
reach (also see "self-erecting crane" below) and in the case of tower cranes that
have risen while constructing very tall skyscrapers, a smaller crane (or derrick)
will often be lifted to the roof of the completed tower to dismantle the tower
crane afterwards, which may be more difficult than the installation.

1.4 ADVANTAGES:1. Most powerful means of lifting objects:It is one of the most powerful means of lifting
objects is with the strength of a hydraulic crane. By harnessing the strength that
liquid under pressure gives, and the ease with which it can be used, it is possible
to transfer a relatively small amount of effort from one place to another, and
hydraulic cranes are amongst the most efficient lifting systems available in the
modern workplace.
2. Extremely stable in use:Because the hydraulic cranes use a fixed system of
pipes, constant pressure can be maintained once a part of the system has been
moved into place, and this makes them extremely stable in use, and able to
support relatively large weights.
15

3. Very easy to maintain:Hydraulic cranes are amongst the simplest systems

that you can use within any industrial process, and are very easy to maintain.
Provided that all the pumps and pistons are regularly checked for any leaks, and
potential stress points where the levers are supported are inspected for damage,
the crane will continue to operate completely reliably for long periods of time.
4. A very versatile tool:Most hydraulic cranes are comparatively light weight,
and the ease with which they can be moved from one area to another within the
factory or distribution center, makes them a very versatile tool with lots of uses
on a day to day basis. From simple loading jobs in your loading bay area where
the portable hydraulic cranes can be used to lift objects into a waiting truck to
more complex jobs within the main factory, the lifts will come in very useful.
5. Quite simple Design:A hydraulic system works with a system of pumps and
pistons that are filled with a liquid, usually a light oil or water. By moving the
liquid under pressure from the pumps, pistons can be extended or reduced, and
when these pistons are connected to a system of levers, the pistons can be used
to lift surprisingly heavy weights.

16

CHAPTER-2
RELEVANT THEORY
2.1 DESIGN WORK
The designing work was carried out using CATIA software. The required
dimensions of the driver and the driven wheels were taken as per the design
equations. CATIA is the most widely used design software's which helps in
designing 2 as well as 3 dimensional models using simplified alphabetical and
numerical commands. Both the driving and the driven wheels were drawn to the
required dimensions using the circle command. A slot was cut on the Geneva
wheel using the trim tool. It was then edited using polyline command and the
remaining slots were constructed using the array tool. The crank pin and the
driving wheel were drawn to the required dimensions
2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA:There are three major considerations in the design of cranes.
1. The crane must be able to lift the weight of the load;
2. The crane must not topple;
3. The crane must not rupture.
Lifting capacity:The lifting capacity of hydraulic crane mainly depends on following.
1. The lever:- A balance crane contains a horizontal beam (the lever) pivoted
about a point called the fulcrum. The principle of the lever allows a heavy load
attached to the shorter end of the beam to be lifted by a smaller force applied in
the opposite direction to the longer end of the beam. The ratio of the load's
weight to the applied force is equal to the ratio of the lengths of the longer arm
and the shorter arm, and is called the mechanical advantage.
2. The pulley:- A jib crane contains a tilted strut (the jib) that supports a fixed
pulley block. Cables are wrapped multiple times round the fixed block and
round another block attached to the load. When the free end of the cable is
pulled by hand or by a winding machine, the pulley system delivers a force to
17

the load that is equal to the applied force multiplied by the number of lengths of
cable passing between the two blocks. This number is the mechanical
advantage.
3. The hydraulic cylinder:- This can be used directly to lift the load or
indirectly to move the jib or beam that carries another lifting device. Cranes,
like all machines, obey the principle of conservation of energy. This means that
the energy delivered to the load cannot exceed the energy put into the machine.
For example, if a pulley system multiplies the applied force by ten, then the load
moves only one tenth as far as the applied force. Since energy is proportional to
force multiplied by distance, the output energy is kept roughly equal to the input
energy (in practice slightly less, because some energy is lost to friction and
other inefficiencies).
The same principle can operate in reverse. In case of some problem, the
combination of heavy load and great height can accelerate small objects to
tremendous speed. Such projectiles can result in severe damage to nearby
structures and people. Cranes can also get in chain reactions; the rupture of one
crane may in turn take out nearby cranes. Cranes need to be watched carefully.

Stability:For stability, the sum of all moments about any point such as the base
of the crane must equate to zero. In practice, the magnitude of load that is
permitted to be lifted (called the "rated load" in the US) is some value less than
the load that will cause the crane to tip (providing a safety margin).
Standards for cranes mounted on ships or offshore platforms are somewhat
stricter because of the dynamic load on the crane due to vessel motion.
Additionally, the stability of the vessel or platform must be considered.
For stationary pedestal or kingpost mounted cranes, the moment created by the
boom, jib, and load is resisted by the pedestal base or kingpost. Stress within the
base must be less than the yield stress of the material or the crane will fail.

18

CHAPTER: 3
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
3.1 Manufacturing:The hydraulic crane which was manufactured has 12 parts. They are Base
plate/ Truck/Pallet, Hydraulic tank, Hydraulic hoses,
Direction
control valve, Vertical column, Ball bearings,
Horizontal arm,
Secondary horizontal arm, Hydraulic cylinder, Roller, Hook, Nuts and
Bolts, Wheels. Base plates are made of caste iron metal rod. The rods are
cut according to the dimensions and they are welded using metal arc
welding. Then bearing was selected according to the thrust and axial load
and vertical column are fitted on the bearing so that it can rotate to a
360.The fixed horizontal arm is welded. And secondary horizontal arm
was fixed with hook. Hydraulic system are selected according to the
power required and capacity of tank.
3.2 Assembly:1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Arrangement of four wheels on the four the base plate.

Assembly of fixture for holding the bearing and the vertical column.
Assembly of secondary horizontal arm on fixed horizontal arm.
Assembly of hydraulic tank on the base plate.
Assembly of fixture for directional control valve.
Assembly of hydraulic piston on the fixed horizontal arm.
Connection of hoses with the piston, directional control valve, and the
fuel tank.

19

CHAPTER :4
DESIGN CALAULATIONS
4.1 DESIGN SPECIFICATION:1. Polyhose :
Inner diameter(ID)=3/8
Working pressure= 350bar(5000psi)
2. Lever operated Direction Control Valve:
Polyhydron 4DL06 SGS-02.5
3. Hydraulic Tank:
PN = 0.75 kw
N= 1420 rev/min
Q= 2.5 l/min

12/11

UN= 380 Y V
IN= 2,2 A
f= 50 Hz

4. Wheel:
B Triopines 5 X1 3/16
5. Truck:Length of truck=65cm=0.65m
Breadth of truck=45cm=0.45m
Height of vertical column=100cm=1m

4.2 DESIGN OF TRUCK

1. Calculation of floor load :Floor load is a measure of pressure on the floor of
truck. It is necessary to avoid the catastrophic failure.
Total weight= 20kg
Length= 65cm= 0.65m
Breadth= 45cm= 0.45m

20

Floor load= total weight/total floor area

= W/(l*b)
=20/ (0.65*0.45)
= 68.37kg/m2 or 68.37 N

2. Calculation of floor capacity:Beam strength formula:Maximum load in the beam= FBD2/9L;

Where:F- Fiber stress in bending, usually F=1000 N/m2
B- Breadth of floor= 0.45m
D- Depth of joist= 0.76m
L- Length of joist= 0.16m
Maximum load in beam= (1000*0.45*0.762)/(9*0.16)
= 180.5 N/m2

4.3 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC POWER:1. Power input
=[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev)
*pressure(bar)*100]/[600*motor efficiency(%)]
=[1420*1*350*100]/[600*90]
=920watt
2. Flow
= [motor speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev)]/1000
=1420*1.76/1000
=2.1cc/min

21

3. Shaft torque
= [pump displacement (cc/min)*pressure (bar)]/[20*P*I*3.142]
=[1.73*350]/[20*920*3.142]
=53N-m
4. Power out
=[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/min)*pressure(bar)*100]/600
=[1420*1.73*350*100]/600
=830watt
5 Fluid velocity in hose
Continuity equation:-

Q= AV
Q = *(d2/4)*V
V= [(Q*4)/(*d2)]
=[(2.5*4)/(899**0.012)]
= 35.40 m/s

Density of fluid at room temperature = = 899 kg/m3

22

CHAPTER : 5
BILL OF MATERIALS

SERIAL
NO.

NAME

QUANTITY RATE(Rs.)

TOTAL
AMOUNT

1.

HYDRAULIC TANK

6000

6000

2.

HYDRAULIC
CYLINDER
HYDRAULIC HOSES

5000

5000

250

1000

1000

1000

5.

DIRECTION CONTROL 1
VALVE
BALL BEARINGS
1

500

500

6.

WHEELS

125

500

7.

WHEEL BEARINGS

125

500

8.

WELDING

20

50

1000

9.

LABOUR CHARGE

1000

1000

10.

METAL COST(MS)

8KG

50

400

11

TRANSPORTATION

2000

2000

12

NAME PLATE

350

350

13

NUTS AND BOLTS

20

25

500

14

ENGINE OIL

250

1250

3.
4.

TOTAL AMOUNT SPENT

Rs.21000

23

CHAPTERS:6
ASSEMBLY DIAGRAM

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

24

FRONT VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

25

CHAPTER: 7
SNAP SHOTS

SNAPSHOTS OF ASSEMBLED VIEW AND INDIVIDUAL PARTS

26

SNAPSHOT OF HYRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

SNAPSHOT OF HYDRAULIC PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY

27

CHAPTER: 8
CONCLUSION
The aim of our project was to build a fully functional HYDRAULIC FLOOR
CRANE mechanism which is capable of lifting load up to 10 kg . We accurately
achieved our first goal of lifting the load and 360 rotary motion of the vertical
column .
We feel that our design and fabrication was a great success both in
terms of strength and stiffness. Our project weighed 20kg which is capable of
lifting load up to 10kg using hydraulic power.

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CHAPTER: 9
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

DR. T. J. PRABHU (2010) A text book of Design of Transmission Elements.

Design data book- PSG Collage of Technology
www.e4training.com
www.freepatentsonline.com
www.howstuffworks.com

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