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Post Graduate Diploma in Management: "Portfolio Management Services - An Investment Option"
Post Graduate Diploma in Management: "Portfolio Management Services - An Investment Option"
Post Graduate Diploma in Management: "Portfolio Management Services - An Investment Option"
ON
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SERVICES -AN INVESTMENT
OPTION
With Reference to
(SHAREKHAN LIMITED)
Mr. Y
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
With regard to my Project with Share Khan, Hyderabad, I would like to thank
each and every one who offered help, guidelines and support whenever required.
I sincerely express my thankfulness to Mrs.Ritu Zarar , Prof.Shamshuddin
Zarar and Prof.Jitender Govindani , ICBM-School of Business Excellence,
Hyderabd for their valuable suggestions and help during the project.
I am extremely grateful to my college guide, Mr.NareshVerma (Lecturercum-Trainer, Business Communication) and all the faculty member of my
college for their valuable suggestions and able guidance.
I express my deep sense of gratitude to my company mentors, Mr.Suman
K.Adepu (Equity and Commodities Manger) and Mr. Y Mahesh Kumar
(Regional Franchisee Manager) without whose support and cooperation this
project could not have been completed successfully.
Last, but not the least, my heartfelt love for my parents and my friends, whose
constant support and blessings kept me enthusiastic throughout this project.
MR.NARESH VERMA
(.)
(PROJECT GUIDE)
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this Summer Internship Project Report entitled
POTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SERVICES AN INVESTEMNET OPTION
in Share Khan Limited submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement of Post
Graduation Diploma in Management (PGDM) to the Institute of Computer and
Business Management (ICBM-SBE),Hyderabad is based on primary and
secondary data founded by me in various department ,books ,magazines and
websites .
This is an original piece of work and has not been submitted to any other
institution or university for any purpose.
Place:-Hyderabad
Date:-21st June 2009
CHAPTE
R
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER-
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-
Introduction to Study
Myths About PMS
Introduction to Stock
Exchange
COMPANY PROFILE
CHAPTER-
CHAPTER4
CHAPTER5
CHAPTER-
PAGE NO.
1-2
3
4-5
5-7
8-12
13-14
15
16
17-20
21
22
23
24-25
26-27
28
29
30-35
36-38
39-44
45-49
50-54
55-61
62-77
78
SUGGESTIONS
Observation and Findings
Limitations of the Project
Suggestions &
Recommendations
ANNEXURE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
79-80
81
82-83
84-85
86
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Investing is both Arts and Science. Every Individual has their own specific financial need and
expectation based on their risk taking capabilities, whereas some needs and expectation are
universal. Therefore, we find that the scenario of the Stock Market is changing day by day hours
by hours and minute by minute. The evaluation of financial planning has been increased through
decades, which can be best seen in customers. Now a days investments have become very
important part of income saving.
In order to keep the Investor safe from market fluctuation and make them profitable,
Portfolio Management Services (PMS) is fast gaining Investment Option for the High Networth
Individual (HNI). There is growing competition between brokerage firms in post reform India.
For investor it is always difficult to decide which brokerage firm to choose.
The research design is analytical in nature. A questionnaire was prepared and distributed to
Investors. The investors profile is based on the results of a questionnaire that the Investors
completed. The Sample consists of 100 investors from various brokers premises. The target
customers were Investors who are trading in the stock market.
In order to identify the effectiveness of Sharekhan PMS services this Research is carried
throughout the area of Hyderabad. At the time of investing money everyone look for the Risk
factor involve in the Investment option. The Report is prepared on the basis of Research work
done through the different Research Mythology the data is collected from both the source
Primary sources which consist of Questionnaire and secondary data is collected from different
sources such as Company website, Magazine and other sources.
As the PMS services of Sharekhan Limited have the best result in its field .It has given
43.50% return in Trailing stops, 94.30%return in Nifty and 38.10% in Beta Portfolio which
is the result when the Market was not doing well from last one year.
In this project I have shown the details of financial planning as well as wealth management
so as to understand about the customers needs and wants with respect to market and how a
clients portfolio can be designed and what factors a portfolio manager must consider for
designing a portfolio.
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION TO STUDY
The field of investment traditionally divided into security analysis and portfolio management.
The heart of security analysis is valuation of financial assets. Value in turn is the function of risk
and return. These two concepts are in the study of investment .Investment can be defined the
commitment of funds to one or more assets that will be held over for some future time period.
In today fast growing world many opportunities are available, so in order to move with
changes and grab the best opportunities in the field of investments a professional fund manager
is necessary.
Therefore, in the present scenario the Portfolio Management Services (PMS) is fast gaining
importance as an investment alternative for the High Networth Investors.
Portfolio Management Services (PMS) is an investment portfolio in stocks, fixed income,
debt, cash, structured products and other individual securities, managed by a professional money
manager that can potentially be tailored to meet specific investment objectives.
When you invest in PMS, you own individual securities unlike a mutual fund investor, who
owns units of the entire fund. You have the freedom and flexibility to tailor your portfolio to
address personal preferences and financial goals. Although portfolio managers may oversee
hundreds of portfolio, your account may be unique.
Investment Management Solution in PMS can be provided in the following ways:
i.
ii.
iii.
Discretionary
Non Discretionary
Advisory
Discretionary: Under these services, the choice as well as the timings of the investment
decisions rest solely with the Portfolio Manager.
Non Discretionary: Under these services, the portfolio manager only suggests the investment
ideas. The choice as well as the timings of the investment decisions rest solely with the Investor.
However the execution of trade is done by the portfolio manager.
Advisory: Under these services, the portfolio manager only suggests the investment ideas.
The choice as well as the execution of the investment decisions rest solely with the Investor.
Rule 2, clause (d) of the SEBI (portfolio managers) Rules, 1993 defines the term Portfolio
as total holding of securities belonging to any person.
As a matter of fact, portfolio is combination of assets the outcomes of which cannot be
defined with certainty new assets could be physical assets, real estates, land, building, gold etc.
or financial assets like stocks, equity, debenture, deposits etc.
Portfolio management refers to managing efficiently the investment in the securities held by
professional for others.
Merchant banker and the portfolio management with a view to ensure maximum return by
such investment with minimum risk of loss of return on the money invested in securities held by
them for their clients. The aim Portfolio management is to achieve the maximum return from a
portfolio, which has been delegated to be managed by manger or financial institution.
There are lots of organization in the market on the lookout for the people like you who need
their portfolios managed for them .They have trained and skilled talent will work on your money
to make it do more for you.
Therefore, if any investors still insist on managing their own portfolio, then ensure you build
discipline into their investment. Work out their strategy and stand by it.
In PMS, managers may hold cash; they are not required to hold cash to meet redemptions,
whereas, Mutual funds generally hold some cash to meet redemptions.
Minimums
PMS generally gives higher minimum investments than mutual funds. Generally, minimum
ranges from: Rs. 1 Crore + for Equity Options Rs. 5 Crore + for Fixed Income Options Rs. 20
Lacs + for Structured Products, whereas in Mutual Fund Provide ongoing, personalized access to
professional money management services.
Flexibility
PMS is generally more flexible than mutual funds. The Portfolio Manager may move to 100%
cash if it required. The Portfolio Manager may take his own time in building up the portfolio.
The Portfolio Manager can also manage a portfolio with disproportionate allocation to select
compelling opportunities whereas, in Mutual Fund comparatively less flexible.
Myth No. 2:
Instrument
In Financial Market Risk factor is common in all the financial products, but yes it is true that
Risk Factor vary from each other due to its nature. All investments involve a certain amount of
risk, including the possible erosion of the principal amount invested, which varies depending on
the security selected. For example, investments in small and mid-sized companies tend to
involve more risk than investments in larger companies.
As a meeting held in the broker Hall on the 5th day of February, 1887, it was resolved to
execute a formal deal of association and to constitute the first managing committee and to
appoint the first trustees. Accordingly, the Articles of Association of the Exchange and the Stock
Exchange was formally established in Bombay on 3rd day of December, 1887. The Association
is now known as The Stock Exchange.
The entrance fee for new member was Re.1 and there were 318 members on the list, when
the exchange was constituted. The numbers of members increased to 333 in 1896, 362 in
1916and 478 in 1920 and the entrance fee was raised to Rs.5 in 1877, Rs.1000 in 1896, Rs.2500
in 1916 and Rs. 48,000 in 1920. At present there are 23 recognized stock exchanges with about
6000 stock brokers. Organization structure of stock exchange varies.
14 stock exchanges are organized as public limited companies, 6 as companies limited by
guarantee and 3 are non-profit voluntary organization. Of the total of 23, only 9 stock exchanges
have been permanent recognition. Others have to seek recognition on annual basis.
These exchange do not work of its own, rather, these are run by some persons and with the
help of some persons and institution. All these are down as functionaries on stock exchange.
These are:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Stockbrokers
Sub-broker
Market makers
Portfolio consultants etc.
1. Stockbrokers:
Stock brokers are the members of stock exchanges. These are the persons
who buy, sell or deal in securities. A certificate of registration from SEBI is mandatory to act as a
broker. SEBI can impose certain conditions while granting the certificate of registrations. It is
obligatory for the person to abide by the rules, regulations and the buy-law. Stock brokers are
commission broker, floor broker, arbitrageur etc.
2. Sub-broker:
A sub-broker acts as agent of stock broker. He is not a member of a stock
exchange. He assists the investors in buying, selling or dealing in securities through stockbroker.
The broker and sub-broker should enter into an agreement in which obligations of both should be
specified. Sub-broker must be registered SEBI for a dealing in securities. For getting registered
with SEBI, he must fulfill certain rules and regulation.
3. Market Makers:
Market maker is a designated specialist in the specified securities. They
make both bid and offer at the same time. A market maker has to abide by bye-laws, rules
regulations of the concerned stock exchange. He is exempt from the margin requirements. As per
the listing requirements, a company where the paid-up capital is Rs. 3 Crore but not more than
Rs. 5 core and having a commercial operation for less than 2 years should appoint a market
maker at the time of issue of securities.
4. Portfolio Consultants:
A combination of securities such as stocks, bonds and money
market instruments is collectively called as portfolio. Whereas the portfolio consultants are the
persons, firms or companies who advise, direct or undertake the management or administration
of securities or funds on behalf of their clients.
Traditionally stock trading is done through stock brokers, personally or through telephones.
As number of people trading in stock market increase enormously in last few years, some
issues like location constrains, busy phone lines, miss communication etc start growing in stock
broker offices. Information technology (Stock Market Software) helps stock brokers in solving
these problems with Online Stock Trading.
Online Stock Market Trading is an internet based stock trading facility. Investor can trade
shares through a website without any manual intervention from Stock Broker.
There are two different type of trading environments available for online equity trading.
1. Installable
This kind of trading environment doesn't require any additional software installation. They
are like other internet websites which investor can access from around the world through normal
internet connection.
Stock exchanges are like market places, where stockbrokers buy and sell securities for
individuals or institutions. As per the SCRA (Securities Contracts Regulation Act) 1956, the
definition of securities includes shares, bonds, stocks, debentures, government securities,
derivatives of securities, units of collective investment scheme (CIS) etc. The securities market
has two interdependent segments: the primary and secondary market.
The primary market is the channel for creation of new securities issued by public limited
companies or by government agencies. New securities issued in the primary market are traded in
the secondary market.
The secondary market operates through the over-the-counter (OTC) market and the exchange
trade market.
Stocks are physical commodities and if a trader wishes to go short then the broker must have
arrangements in place to borrow that stock from a shareholder until the trader closes their
position. This limits the opportunities available for short selling. Contrast this to futures trading
where selling is as easy as buying.
5. Costs
Although online trading costs for stock trading are low they still add considerably to the costs
of day trading. Online futures trading are about 1/4 of the cost for the equivalent value. In the
UK 0.5% stamp duty is also levied on all share purchases making trading virtually impossible,
hence the popularity of spread betting.
CHAPTER- 2
COMPANY PROFILE
COMPANY PROFILE
Sharekhan is one of the leading retail brokerage of Citi Venture which is running successfully
since 1922 in the country. Earlier it was the retail broking arm of the Mumbai-based SSKI
Group, which has over eight decades of experience in the stock broking business. Share khan
offers its customers a wide range of equity related services including trade execution on BSE,
NSE, Derivatives, depository services, online trading, investment advice etc.
Earlier with a legacy of more than 80 years in the stock markets, the SSKI group ventured
into institutional broking and corporate finance 18 years ago. SSKI is one of the leading players
in institutional broking and corporate finance activities. SSKI holds a sizeable portion of the
market in each of these segments. SSKIs institutional broking arm accounts for 7% of the
market for Foreign Institutional portfolio investment and 5% of all Domestic Institutional
portfolio investment in the country.
It has 60 institutional clients spread over India, Far East, UK and US. Foreign Institutional
Investors generate about 65% of the organizations revenue, with a daily turnover of over US$ 2
million. The content-rich and research oriented portal has stood out among its contemporaries
because of its steadfast dedication to offering customers best-of-breed technology and superior
market information. The objective has been to let customers make informed decisions and to
simplify the process of investing in stocks
The Corporate Finance section has a list of very prestigious clients and has many firsts to its
credit, in terms of the size of deal, sector tapped etc. The group has placed over US$ 5 billion in
private equity deals. Some of the clients include BPL Cellular Holding, Gujarat Pipavav, Essar,
Hutchison, Planetasia, and Shoppers Stop. Finally, Sharekhan shifted hands and Citi venture get
holds on it.
6. Forex.
Technology
With their online trading account one can buy and sell shares in an instant from any PC with
an internet connection. Customers get access to the powerful online trading tools that will help
them to take complete control over their investment in shares.
Accessibility
Sharekhan provides ADVICE, EDUCATION, TOOLS AND EXECUTION services for
investors. These services are accessible through many centers across the country (Over 650
locations in 150 cities), over the Internet (through the website www.sharekhan.com) as well as
over the Voice Tool.
Knowledge
In a business where the right information at the right time can translate into direct profits,
investors get access to a wide range of information on the content-rich portal,
www.sharekhan.com. Investors will also get a useful set of knowledge-based tools that will
empower them to take informed decisions.
Convenience
One can call Sharekhans Dial-N-Trade number to get investment advice and execute his/her
transactions. They have a dedicated call-center to provide this service via a Toll Free Number
1800 22-7500 & 39707500 from anywhere in India.
Customer Service
Its customer service team assist their customer for any help that they need relating to
transactions, billing, demat and other queries. Their customer service can be contacted via a tollfree number, email or live chat on www.sharekhan.com.
Investment Advice
Sharekhan has dedicated research teams of more than 30 people for fundamental and
technical research. Their analysts constantly track the pulse of the market and provide timely
investment advice to customer in the form of daily research emails, online chat, printed reports
etc.
Benefits
mail address.
Live Chat facility with Relationship Manager on Yahoo Messenger
Special Personal Inbox for order and trade confirmations.
On-line Customer Service via Web Chat.
Enjoy Automated Portfolio.
Buy or sell even single share
Anytime Ordering.
Features
Online trading account for investing in Equity and Derivatives via www.sharekhan.com
Live Terminal and Single terminal for NSE Cash, NSE F&O & BSE.
Integration of On-line trading, Saving Bank and Demat Account.
Instant cash transfer facility against purchase & sale of shares.
Competitive transaction charges.
Instant order and trade confirmation by E-mail.
Streaming Quotes (Cash & Derivatives).
Personalized market watch.
Single screen interface for Cash and derivatives and more.
Provision to enter price trigger and view the same online in market watch.
SPEEDTRADE
SPEEDTRADE is an internet-based software application that enables you to buy and sell in
an instant. It is ideal for active traders and jobbers who transact frequently during days session
to capitalize on intra-day price movement.
Features
DIAL-N-TRADE
Along with enabling access for trade online, the CLASSIC and SPEEDTRADE ACCOUNT
also gives Dial-n-trade services. With this service, one can dial Sharekhans dedicated phone
lines 1800-22-7500, 3970-7500. Beside this, Relationship Managers are always available on
Office Phone and Mobile to resolve customer queries.
SHARE MOBILE
Sharekhan had introduced Share Mobile, mobile based software where one can watch Stock
Prices, Intra Day Charts, Research & Advice and Trading Calls live on the Mobile. (As per SEBI
regulations, buying-selling shares through a mobile phone are not yet permitted.)
PREPAID ACCOUNT
Customers pay Advance Brokerage on trading Account and enjoy uninterrupted trading in
their Account. Beside this, great discount are also available (up to 50%) on brokerage.
Prepaid Classic Account: - Rs. 2000
Prepaid Speed trade Account: - Rs. 6000
IPO ON-LINE
Customers can apply to all the forthcoming IPOs online. This is quite hassle-free, paperless
and time saving. Simply allocate fund to IPO Account, Apply for the IPO and Sit Back & Relax.
CHAPTER-3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
Each research study has its own specific purpose. It is like to discover to Question through
the application of scientific procedure. But the main aim of our research to find out the truth that
is hidden and which has not been discovered as yet. Our research study has two objectives:OBJECTIVES
To know the concept of Portfolio Management.
To know about the schemes offered by the different insurance companies, new IPOs,
Mutual Funds.
To know in depth about Insurance, Mutual Funds, Stock, Bonds etc.
To know about the awareness towards stock brokers and share market.
To study about the competitive position of Sharekhan Ltd in Competitive Market.
To study about the effectiveness & efficiency of Sharekhan Ltd in relation to its
competitors
To study about whether people are satisfied with Sharekhan Services & Management
System or not.
SOURCES OF DATA
Primary data: Questionnaire
Duration of Study
The Study was carried out for the period of one and half months from 29 th April to 15th of
June2009.
SAMPLING PLAN
Sampling:
Since Sharekhan Limited has many segments I selected Portfolio Management Services
(PMS) segment as per my profile to do market research. 100% coverage was difficult within the
limited period of time. Hence sampling survey method was adopted for the purpose of the study.
Population:
(Universe) customers & non consumers of Sharekhan limited
Sampling size:
A sample of hundred was chosen for the purpose of the study. Sample consisted of Investor
as based on their Income and Profession as well as Educational Background.
Sampling Methods:
Probability sampling requires complete knowledge about all sampling units in the universe.
Due to time constraint non-probability sampling was chosen for the study.
Sampling procedure:
From large number of customers & non consumers sample lot were randomly picked up by
me.
Field Study:
Directly approached respondents by the following strategies
Tele-calling
Personal Visits
Clients References
Promotional Activities
Database provided by the Sharekhan Limited.
CHAPTER-4
PORTFOLIO MANAGMENT
SERVICES
ICBM-SCHOOL OF BUSINESS EXCELLENCE
Page 32
Need of PMS
As in the current scenario the effectiveness of PMS is required. As the PMS gives investors
periodically review their asset allocation across different assets as the portfolio can get skewed
over a period of time. This can be largely due to appreciation / depreciation in the value of the
investments.
As the financial goals are diverse, the investment choices also need to be different to meet
those needs. No single investment is likely to meet all the needs, so one should keep some
money in bank deposits and / liquid funds to meet any urgent need for cash and keep the balance
in other investment products/ schemes that would maximize the return and minimize the risk.
Investment allocation can also change depending on ones risk-return profile.
Objective of PMS
There are the following objective which is full filled by Portfolio Management Services.
1. Safety Of Fund: The investment should be preserved, not be lost, and should remain in the returnable
position in cash or kind.
2. Marketability: The investment made in securities should be marketable that means, the securities
must be listed and traded in stock exchange so as to avoid difficulty in their encashment.
3. Liquidity: -
The portfolio must consist of such securities, which could be en-cashed without any
difficulty or involvement of time to meet urgent need for funds. Marketability ensures
liquidity to the portfolio.
4. Reasonable return: The investment should earn a reasonable return to upkeep the declining value of
money and be compatible with opportunity cost of the money in terms of current income
in the form of interest or dividend.
5. Appreciation in Capital: The money invested in portfolio should grow and result into capital gains.
6. Tax planning: Efficient portfolio management is concerned with composite tax planning covering
income tax, capital gain tax, wealth tax and gift tax.
7. Minimize risk: Risk avoidance and minimization of risk are important objective of portfolio
management. Portfolio managers achieve these objectives by effective investment
planning and periodical review of market, situation and economic environment affecting
the financial market.
PORTFOLIO CONSTRUCTION
The Portfolio Construction of Rational investors wish to maximize the returns on their funds
for a given level of risk. All investments possess varying degrees of risk. Returns come in the
form of income, such as interest or dividends, or through growth in capital values (i.e. capital
gains).
The portfolio construction process can be broadly characterized as comprising the following
steps:
1. Setting objectives.
The first step in building a portfolio is to determine the main objectives of the fund given the
constraints (i.e. tax and liquidity requirements) that may apply. Each investor has different
objectives, time horizons and attitude towards risk. Pension funds have long-term obligations
and, as a result, invest for the long term. Their objective may be to maximize total returns in
excess of the inflation rate. A charity might wish to generate the highest level of income whilst
maintaining the value of its capital received from bequests. An individual may have certain
liabilities and wish to match them at a future date. Assessing a clients risk tolerance can be
difficult. The concepts of efficient portfolios and diversification must also be considered when
setting up the investment objectives.
2. Defining Policy.
Once the objectives have been set, a suitable investment policy must be established. The
standard procedure is for the money manager to ask clients to select their preferred mix of assets,
for example equities and bonds, to provide an idea of the normal mix desired. Clients are then
asked to specify limits or maximum and minimum amounts they will allow to be invested in the
different assets available. The main asset classes are cash, equities, gilts/bonds and other debt
instruments, derivatives, property and overseas assets. Alternative investments, such as private
equity, are also growing in popularity, and will be discussed in a later chapter. Attaining the
optimal asset mix over time is one of the key factors of successful investing.
3. Applying portfolio strategy.
At either end of the portfolio management spectrum of strategies are active and passive
strategies. An active strategy involves predicting trends and changing expectations about the
likely future performance of the various asset classes and actively dealing in and out of
investments to seek a better performance. For example, if the manager expects interest rates to
rise, bond prices are likely to fall and so bonds should be sold, unless this expectation is already
factored into bond prices. At this stage, the active fund manager should also determine the style
of the portfolio. For example, will the fund invest primarily in companies with large market
capitalizations, in shares of companies expected to generate high growth rates, or in companies
whose valuations are low? A passive strategy usually involves buying securities to match a
preselected market index. Alternatively, a portfolio can be set up to match the investors choice
of tailor-made index. Passive strategies rely on diversification to reduce risk. Outperformance
versus the chosen index is not expected. This strategy requires minimum input from the portfolio
manager. In practice, many active funds are managed somewhere between the active and passive
extremes, the core holdings of the fund being passively managed and the balance being actively
managed.
4. Asset selections.
Once the strategy is decided, the fund manager must select individual assets in which to
invest. Usually a systematic procedure known as an investment process is established, which sets
guidelines or criteria for asset selection. Active strategies require that the fund managers apply
analytical skills and judgment for asset selection in order to identify undervalued assets and to
try to generate superior performance.
5. Performance assessments.
In order to assess the success of the fund manager, the performance of the fund is
periodically measured against a pre-agreed benchmark perhaps a suitable stock exchange index
or against a group of similar portfolios (peer group comparison). The portfolio construction
process is continuously iterative, reflecting changes internally and externally. For example,
expected movements in exchange rates may make overseas investment more attractive, leading
to changes in asset allocation. Or, if many large-scale investors simultaneously decide to switch
from passive to more active strategies, pressure will be put on the fund managers to offer more
active funds. Poor performance of a fund may lead to modifications in individual asset holdings
or, as an extreme measure; the manager of the fund may be changed altogether.
Types of assets
The structure of a portfolio will depend ultimately on the investors objectives and on the
asset selection decision reached. The portfolio structure takes into account a range of factors,
including the investors time horizon, attitude to risk, liquidity requirements, tax position and
availability of investments. The main asset classes are cash, bonds and other fixed income
securities, equities, derivatives, property and overseas assets.
Bonds
Bonds are debt instruments on which the issuer (the borrower) agrees to make interest
payments at periodic intervals over the life of the bond this can be for two to thirty years or,
sometimes, in perpetuity. Interest payments can be fixed or variable, the latter being linked to
prevailing levels of interest rates. Bond markets are international and have grown rapidly over
recent years. The bond markets are highly liquid, with many issuers of similar standing,
including governments (sovereigns) and state-guaranteed organizations. Corporate bonds are
bonds that are issued by companies. To assist investors and to help in the efficient pricing of
bond issues, many bond issues are given ratings by specialist agencies such as Standard & Poors
and Moodys. The highest investment grade is AAA, going all the way down to D, which is
graded as in default. Depending on expected movements in future interest rates, the capital
values of bonds fluctuate daily, providing investors with the potential for capital gains or losses.
Future interest rates are driven by the likely demand/ supply of money in an economy, future
inflation rates, political events and interest rates elsewhere in world markets. Investors with
short-term horizons and liquidity requirements may choose to invest in bonds because of their
relatively higher return than cash and their prospects for possible capital appreciation. Long-term
investors, such as pension funds, may acquire bonds for the higher income and may hold them
until redemption for perhaps seven or fifteen years. Because of the greater risk, long bonds
(over ten years to maturity) tend to be more volatile in price than medium- and short-term bonds,
and have a higher yield.
Equities
Equity consists of shares in a company representing the capital originally provided by
shareholders. An ordinary shareholder owns a proportional share of the company and an ordinary
share carries the residual risk and rewards after all liabilities and costs have been paid. Ordinary
shares carry the right to receive income in the form of dividends (once declared out of
distributable profits) and any residual claim on the companys assets once its liabilities have been
paid in full. Preference shares are another type of share capital. They differ from ordinary shares
in that the dividend on a preference share is usually fixed at some amount and does not change.
Also, preference shares usually do not carry voting rights and, in the event of firm failure,
preference shareholders are paid before ordinary shareholders. Returns from investing in equities
are generated in the form of dividend income and capital gain arising from the ultimate sale of
the shares. The level of dividends may vary from year to year, reflecting the changing
profitability of a company. Similarly, the market price of a share will change from day to day to
reflect all relevant available information. Although not guaranteed, equity prices generally rise
over time, reflecting general economic growth, and have been found over the long term to
generate growing levels of income in excess of the rate of inflation. Granted, there may be
periods of time, even years, when equity prices trend downwards usually during recessionary
times. The overall long-term prospect, however, for capital appreciation makes equities an
attractive investment proposition for major institutional investors.
Derivatives
Derivative instruments are financial assets that are derived from existing primary assets as
opposed to being issued by a company or government entity. The two most popular derivatives
are futures and options. The extent to which a fund may incorporate derivatives products in the
fund will be specified in the fund rules and, depending on the type of fund established for the
client and depending on the client, may not be allowable at all.
A futures contract is an agreement in the form of a standardized contract between two
counterparties to exchange an asset at a fixed price and date in the future. The underlying asset of
the futures contract can be a commodity or a financial security. Each contract specifies the type
and amount of the asset to be exchanged, and where it is to be delivered (usually one of a few
approved locations for that particular asset). Futures contracts can be set up for the delivery of
cocoa, steel, oil or coffee. Likewise, financial futures contracts can specify the delivery of
foreign currency or a range of government bonds. The buyer of a futures contract takes a long
position, and will make a profit if the value of the contract rises after the purchase. The seller of
the futures contract takes a short position and will, in turn, make a profit if the price of the
futures contract falls. When the futures contract expires, the seller of the contract is required to
deliver the underlying asset to the buyer of the contract. Regarding financial futures contracts,
however, in the vast majority of cases no physical delivery of the underlying asset takes place as
many contracts are cash settled or closed out with the offsetting position before the expiry date.
An option contract is an agreement that gives the owner the right, but not obligation, to
buy or sell (depending on the type of option) a certain asset for a specified period of time. A call
option gives the holder the right to buy the asset. A put option gives the holder the right to sell
the asset. European options can be exercised only on the options expiry date. US options can be
exercised at any time before the contracts maturity date. Option contracts on stocks or stock
indices are particularly popular. Buying an option involves paying a premium; selling an option
involves receiving the premium. Options have the potential for large gains or losses, and are
considered to be high-risk instruments. Sometimes, however, option contracts are used to reduce
risk. For example, fund managers can use a call option to reduce risk when they own an asset.
Only very specific funds are allowed to hold options.
Property
Property investment can be made either directly by buying properties, or indirectly by buying
shares in listed property companies. Only major institutional investors with long-term time
horizons and no liquidity pressures tend to make direct property investments. These institutions
purchase freehold and leasehold properties as part of a property portfolio held for the long term,
perhaps twenty or more years. Property sectors of interest would include prime, quality, welllocated commercial office and shop properties, modern industrial warehouses and estates, hotels,
farmland and woodland. Returns are generated from annual rents and any capital gains on
realization. These investments are often highly illiquid.
Definition of Risk
Although there is a difference in the specific definitions of risk and uncertainty, for our purpose
and in most financial literature the two terms are used interchangeably. In fact, one way to define
risk is the uncertainty of future outcomes. An alternative definition might be the probability
of an adverse outcome.
(1). Interest rate risk: It occurs due to variability cause in return by changes in level of interest rate. In long runs all
interest rate move up or downwards. These changes affect the value of security. RBI, in India, is
the monitoring authority which effectalises the change in interest rate. Any upward revision in
interest rate affects fixed income security, which carry old lower rate of interest and thus
declining market value. Thus it establishes an inverse relationship in the prize of security.
TYPES
RISK EXTENT
Cash equivalent
Here it is imperative to express the relationship between risk and return, which is depicted
graphically below
Risk versus return is the reason why investors invest in portfolios. The ideal goal in portfolio
management is to create an optimal portfolio derived from the best riskreturn opportunities
available given a particular set of risk constraints. To be able to make decisions, it must be
possible to quantify the degree of risk in a particular opportunity. The most common method is to
use the standard deviation of the expected returns. This method measures spreads, and it is the
possible returns of these spreads that provide the measure of risk. The presence of risk means
that more than one outcome is possible. An investment is expected to produce different returns
depending on the set of circumstances that prevail.
For example, given the following for Investment A:
Circumstance
Return(x)
Probability(p)
I
II
III
IV
10%
12%
15%
19%
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.1
It is possible to calculate:
1. The expected (or average) return
Mean (average) = x = expected value (EV) = px
Circumst
Return(x)
ance
I
II
III
IV
Probability
px
(p)
10%
12%
15%
19%
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.1
2.0
3.6
6.0
1.9
Deviation from
Circumstance
Return
Probability
expected Return (x -x)
p (x -x)2
10%
0.2
-3.5%
2.45
II
12%
0.3
-1.5%
.68
III
15%
0.4
+1.5%
1.90
IV
19%
0.1
+5.5%
3.03
VARAIANCE= 7.06
The standard deviation is a measure of risk, whereby the greater the standard deviation, the
greater the spread, and the greater the spread, the greater the risk.
If the above exercise were to be performed using another investment that offered the same
expected return, but a different standard deviation, then the following result might occur:
If the above exercise were to be performed using another investment that offered the same
expected return, but a different standard deviation, then the following result might occur:
Plan
Expected Return
Risk(standard deviation)
Investment A
9%
2.5%
Investment B
9%
4.0%
Since both investments have the same expected return, the best selection of investment would
be Investment A, which provides the lower risk. Similarly, if there are two investments
presenting the same risk, but one has a higher return than the other, that investment would be
chosen over the investment with the lower return for the same risk.
In the real world, there are all types of investors. Some investors are completely risk averse
and others are willing to take some risk, but expect a higher return for that risk. Different
investors will also have different tolerances or threshold levels for riskreturn trade-offs i.e. for
a given level of risk, one investor may demand a higher rate of return than another investor.
INDIFFERNCE CURVE
Suppose the following situation exists
Plan
Expected Return
Investment A
Investment B
10%
20%
Risk(Standard
Deviation)
5%
10%
The question to ask here is, does the extra 10% return compensate for the extra risk? There is no
right answer, as the decision would depend on the particular investors attitude to risk. A
particular investors indifference curve can be ascertained by plotting what rate of return the
investor would require for each level of risk to be indifferent amongst all of the investments.
For example, there may be an investor who can obtain a return of 50% with zero risk and a return
of 55 %with a risk or standard deviation of 5% who will be indifferent between the two
investments. If further investments were considered, each with a higher degree of risk, the
investor would require still higher returns to make all of the investments equally attractive. The
investor being discussed could present the following as the indifference curve shown in Figure.
Indifference Curve
Expected Return
Risk
50%
0%
55%
70%
100%
120%
230%
5%
10%
15%
18%
25%
Risk
Indifference curve
It could be the case that this investor would have different indifference curves given a
different starting level of return for zero risk. The exercise would need to be repeated for various
levels of riskreturn starting points. An entire set of indifference curves could be constructed that
would portray a particular investors attitude towards risk
Indifference Curve
Utility scores
At this stage the concept of utility scores can be introduced. These can be seen as a way of
ranking competing portfolios based on the expected return and risk of those portfolios. Thus if a
fund manager had to determine which investment a particular investor would prefer, i.e.
Investment A equaling a return of 10% for a risk of 5% or Investment B equaling a return of 20%
for a risk of 10%, the manager would create indifference curves for that particular investor and
look at the utility scores. Higher utility scores are assigned to portfolios or investments with
more attractive riskreturn profiles. Although several scoring systems are legitimate, one
function that is commonly employed assigns a portfolio or investment with expected return or
value EV and variance of returns 2the following utility value:
U = EV .005A2 where:
U = utility value
A = an index of the investors aversion, (the factor of .005 is a scaling convention that allows
expression of the expected return and standard deviation in the equation as a percentage rather
than a decimal).
Utility is enhanced by high expected returns and diminished by high risk. Investors choosing
amongst competing investment portfolios will select the one providing the highest utility value.
Thus, in the example above, the investor will select the investment (portfolio) with the higher
utility value of 18.
Expected
Standard deviation()
Utility=EV-.005A2
5%
10 .005 4 25 =
10%
9.5
20 .005 4 100 =
Return(EV)
10%
20%
18
Portfolio Diversification
There are several different factors that cause risk or lead to variability in returns on an
individual investment. Factors that may influence risk in any given investment vehicle include
uncertainty of income, interest rates, inflation, exchange rates, tax rates, the state of the economy,
default risk and liquidity risk (the risk of not being able to sell on the investment). In addition, an
investor will assess the risk of a given investment (portfolio) within the context of other types of
investments that may already be owned, i.e. stakes in pension funds, life insurance policies with
savings components, and property.
One way to control portfolio risk is via diversification, whereby investments are made in a
wide variety of assets so that the exposure to the risk of any particular security is limited. This
concept is based on the old adage do not put all your eggs in one basket. If an investor owns
shares in only one company, that investment will fluctuate depending on the factors influencing
that company. If that company goes bankrupt, the investor might lose 100 per cent of the
investment. If, however, the investor owns shares in several companies in different sectors, then
the likelihood of all of those companies going bankrupt simultaneously is greatly diminished.
Thus, diversification reduces risk. Although bankruptcy risk has been considered here, the same
principle applies to other forms of risk.
Covariance
COV(x, y) = p(x-x) (y-y) for two investments x and y, where p is the probability.
Covariance is an absolute measure, and covariances cannot be compared with one another. To
obtain a relative measure, the formula for correlation coefficient [r] is used.
Correlation coefficient
r=
COVxy
xy
To illustrate the above, here is the example:
Circumstance
Probability
x-x
y-y
p(x-x) (y-y)
I
0.2
+1.0
-3.5
-0.7
II
0.3
-1.5
III
0.4
+1.5
+1.5
0.9
IV
0.1
-4
+5.5
-2.2
COVxy =-2.0
For data regarding (y y), see earlier example. Assume that a similar exercise has been run
for data regarding (x x). Assume the variance or 2 of x= 2.45, and the variance or 2 of y
= 7.06. Thus, the correlation coefficient would be
-2.0
2.45
= -0.481
*7.056
If, the same example is run again, but using a different set of numbers for y, a different
correlation coefficient might result of say, 0.988. It can be concluded that a large negative
correlation confirms the strong tendency of the two investments to move inversely.
Perfect positive correlation (correlation coefficient = +1) occurs when the returns from
two securities move up and down together in proportion. If these securities were combined in a
portfolio, the offsetting effect would not occur.
Uncorrelated (correlation coefficient = 0) occurs when returns from two securities move
independently of each other that is, if one goes up, the other may go up or down or may not
move at all. As a result, the combination of these two securities in a portfolio may or may not
create a diversification effect. However, it is still better to be in this position than in a perfect
positive correlation situation.
Systematic risk = the potential variability in the returns offered by a security or asset caused
by general market factors, such as interest rate changes, inflation rate movements, tax rates, state
of the economy.
Unsystematic risk = the potential variability in the returns offered by a security or asset
caused by factors specific to that company, such as profitability margins, debt levels, quality of
management, susceptibility to demands of customers and suppliers.
As the number of assets in a portfolio increases, the total risk may decline as a result of the
decline in the unsystematic risk in that portfolio. The relationship amongst these risks can be
quantified as follows
Growth of EPS is diluted when a company finances internally its expansion program
(B) Quality of reported earning: Quality of reported earnings affects P/E ratio. The factors that affect the quality of reported
earnings are as under:
Depreciation allowances: Larger (Non Cash) deduction for depreciation provides more funds to company to
finance profitable expansion schemes internally. This builds up future earning power of
company.
Research and development outlets: There is higher P/E ratio for a company, which carries R&D programs. R&D
enhances profit earning strength of the company through increased future sales.
Inventory and other non-recurring type of profit: Low cost inventory may be sold at higher price due to inflationary conditions among
profit but such profit may not always occur and hence low P/E ratio.
(C) Dividend policy: Dividend policy is significant in affecting P/E ratio. With higher dividend ratio, equity price goes
up and thus raises P/E ratio. Dividend rates are raised to push in share prices up. Dividend cover
is calculated to find out the time the dividend is protected, In terms of earnings. It is calculated as
under:
(D) Investors demand: Demand from institutional investors for equity also enhances the P/E ratio.
(3) Quality of management: Investors decide about the ability and caliber of management and hold and dispose of equity
academy. P/E ratio is more where a company is managed by reputed entrepreneurs with good
past records of management performance.
Types of Portfolios
The different types of Portfolio which is carried by any Fund Manager to maximize profit
and minimize losses are different as per their objectives .They are as follows.
Aggressive Portfolio:
Objective: Growth. This strategy might be appropriate for investors who seek
High growth and who can tolerate wide fluctuations in market values, over the
short term.
Growth Portfolio:
Objective: Growth. This strategy might be appropriate for investors who have a
preference for growth and who can withstand significant fluctuations in market
value.
Balanced Portfolio:
Objective: Capital appreciation and income. This strategy might be appropriate
for investors who want the potential for capital appreciation and some growth, and
who can withstand moderate fluctuations in market values
Conservative Portfolio:
Objective: Income and capital appreciation. This strategy may be appropriate
for investors who want to preserve their capital and minimize fluctuations in
market value.
PMS
PRO PRIME
PRO
PRO TECH
ARBITRAGE
Pro Prime
Product Approach
Product offering
Pro Prime is the ideal for investors looking at steady and superior with low and medium risk
appetite.
The portfolio consists of a blend of quality blue chip and growth stocks ensuring a balanced
portfolio with relatively medium risk profile.
The portfolio constitutes of relatively large capitalization stocks, based on sector and themes
which have medium to long term growth potential.
Product Characteristics
How to invest?
Minimum Investment : 10 Lacs
Lock in : 6 months
Reporting: Access to website showing clients holding .Monthly reporting of
portfolio holding /transaction.
Pro Arbitrage
Product Approach
An opportunity lies in basis which is the difference between cash and future. Whenever basis
is high we buy the stocks and sell the future to lock in difference .The difference is bound to be
zero at expiry.
Product Offered
Cash future arbitrage:
The product intends to spot low risk opportunities which will yield more than the normal low
risk product .Whenever such opportunity is spotted stocks will be bought and to lock in the basis,
future will be sold .This position will be liquated in the expiry or before that if the basis vanishes
early .Similarly the scheme will move on from opportunity to opportunity.
Product Characteristics
Low Risk: This is relatively low risk product which can be compared with liquid funds
issued by mutual funds.
High return: Compared with other low risk products, this products offers an indicative
post tax return of 8 to 10% plus.
Product Details
Minimum Investment:Rs.1 Crore
Lock in :6 months
Reporting: Fortnightly for portfolio Net worth, Monthly reporting pf
portfolio Holding /transaction.
Charges: 0.035% brokerage for future ,0.07% for delivery
Pro Tech
Protech using the knowledge of technique analysis and the power of depravities markets to
identify trading opportunities in the market .The protech line of the product is designed around
various risk /reward /volatility profiles for the different kind of investment needs.
Product Approach
Better performance is possible from superior market timing and from picking stocks before
inflation points in their trading cycles .Linear return are possible from having hedged/ sell
market positions in downtrends .Absolute return are targeted by focusing on finding trading
opportunities & not out performance of an index.
Product offered
1. Nifty Thirty :
Nifty futures will be bought and sold on the basis of an automated trading system
generated calls to go long/short. The exposure will never exceed the value of portfolio i.e.
no leveraging; but allows us to be short /hedged in Nifty in falling market therefore
allowing the client to earn irrespective of the market direction.
2. Beta Portfolio :
Positional trading opportunities are identified in the future segment based on
technical analysis .Inflection points in the momentum cycles are identified to go long
/short on stock/index futures with 1-2 months time horizon .The idea is to generate the
best possible return in the medium term irrespective of the direction of the market
without really leveraging beyond the portfolio value. Risk protection is done based on
stop losses on daily closing prices.
3. Star Nifty:
Swing trading technique and Dow theory is used to identify short term reversal
levels for Nifty futures and ride with trend both on the long and short side .This return
can be earned in bull and bear market .Stop and reverse means to reverse ones position
from long to short or vice a versa at the reversal levels simultaneously .The exposure
never exceeds value of portfolio i.e. there is no leveraging.
4. Trailing Stops.
Momentum trading techniques are used to spot short term momentum of 5-10 days
in stocks and stocks /index futures .Trailing stop loss method of risk management or
profit protection is used to lower the portfolio volatility and maximize return .Trading
opportunities are exposed both on the long side and the short side as the market demands
to get the best of both upward and downward trends.
Product Characteristics
Using swing based index trading systems stop and reverse .trend following and
momentum trading technique.
Nifty based products for low impact cost and low product volatility
Both long and short strategies to earn returns even in falling market.
Trading in future market to allow for active risk protection using trailing stop losses.
How to invest?
Minimum : Rs.10 Lacs
Lock in : 6 months
Reporting: Fortnightly reporting of portfolio Net Worth, monthly
reporting of portfolio Holding /Transaction.
Charges: 0% AMC (Annual Maintenance Charges), 0.05% brokerage
for derivatives, 20% profit sharing on booked profit quarterly basis
Nifty Thrifty:
NIFTY THRIFTY
Date
NAV
Sensex
01/02/2006
10.00
9859.26
29/04/2009
19.43
11403.25
Returns
(%)
94.30
15.66
How it works:
Our first product is based completely on a mathematical model with zero human intervention.
This product has come out of its fifth draw-down period (in 28 years of back testing) and the net
asset value (NAV) is taking off to new heights.
Beta portfolio:
BETA PORTFOLIO
Date
NAV
Sensex
03/08/2007
10.00
15138.40
29/04/2009
13.81
11403.25
Returns
(%)
38.10
-24.67
How it works:
Our product is based on positional trading with a long and short model investing in plain
vanilla stock futures. In this, we identify stocks with greater risk-reward ratios with a time
horizon of 1 to 2 months, based on the prevalent market situation.
Trailing Stops:
TRAILING STOPS
NAV
Sensex
20/10/2007
10.00
17559.98
24/04/2009
15.32
9708.50
Returns (%)
43.50
-35.06
How it works:
The trading strategy is to buy short-term momentum over a time frame of 1 to 5 days and
then book small profits consistently.
CHAPTER -5
NO; 15%
YES; 85%
Interpretation
As the above table shows the knowledge of Investor out of 100 respondent
carried throughout the Hyderabad Area is only 85%. The remaining 15% take
his/her residential property as an investment. According to law purpose this is not
an investment because of it is not create any profit for the owner. The main
problem is that in this time from year 2008-2009 , the recession and the Inflation
make the investor think before investing a even a Rs. 100.So , it also create the
problem for the Investor to not take interest in Investment option.
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
%AGE
Interpretation
As with the above analysis, it is found 75% people are interested in liquidity,
returns and tax benefits. And remaining 25% are interested in capital appreciations,
risk covering, and others. In the entire respondent it is common that this time
everyone is looking for minimizing the risk and maximizing their profit with the
short time of period.
As explaining them About the Portfolio Management Services of Sharekhan,
they were quite interested in Protech Services.
70%
60%
65%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10% 12%
23%
0%
Risk
Return
Both
%AGE
Interpretation
As the above analysis gives the clear idea that most of the Investors considered
the market factor as around 12% for Risk and 23% Return, but most important
common things in all are that they are even ready for taking both Risk and Return
in around 65% investor.
Moreover, the Market is fluctuating now days, so as it also getting
improvement. So, Investor are looking for Investment in long term and Short-term.
PERCENATGE OF RESPODENTS
Others
2%
14%
Property
Bonds
Fixed Deposits
Commodities Market
Shares
Mutual Funds
8%
18%
16%
22%
20%
Interpretation
Most of the respondents say they will get more returns in Share Market. Since
Share Market is said to be the best place to invest to get more returns. The risk in
the investment is also high.
Similarly, the Investor are more Interested in Investing their money in Mutual
Fund Schemes as that is also very important financial product due to its nature of
minimizing risk and maximizing the profit. As the commodities market is doing
well from last few months so Investor also prefer to invest their money in
Commodities Market basically in GOLD nowadays.
Moreover, even who dont want to take Risk they are looking for investing in
Fixed Deposit for long period of time.
5. Investing in PMS is far safer than Investing in Mutual Fund. Do you
agree?
80%
70%
60%
50%
76%
40%
30%
20%
24%
10%
0%
Yes
No
Interpretation
In the above graphs its clear that 24% of respondent out of hundred feel that
investing their money in Mutual Fund Scheme are far safer than Investing in PMS.
this is because of lack of proper information about the Portfolio management
services. As the basis is same for the mutual fund and PMS but the investment
pattern is totally different from each other and which depends upon different risk
factor available in both the Financial Products.
6. How much you carry the expectation in Rise of your Income from
Investments?
Interpretation
The optimism is shown in the attitude of the respondents. The confidence was
appreciable with which they are looking forward to a rise in their investments.
Major part of the sample feels that the rise would be of around 15%. Only 8% of
the respondents were confident enough to expect a rise of upto 35%.
As all the respondents were considering the Risk factor also before filling the
questionnaire and they were asking about the performance report of all the PMS
services offered by Sharekhan limited.
40%
35%
40%
34%
30%
25%
20% 20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
6%
Interpretation
20% of the respondents have invested in Share market and received satisfactory
returns, 40% of the respondents have not at all invested in Share Market. Some of
the investors face problems due to less knowledge about the market. Some of the
respondents dont have complete overview of the happenings and invest their
money in wrong shares which result in Loss. This is the reason most of the
respondents prefer Portfolio Management Services to trade now a days, which
gives the Investor the clear idea when is the right time to buy and right time to sell
the shares which is recommended by their Fund Manger.
% of Respodents
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
Interpretation
As we know that Share market is totally based on psychological parameters of
Investors, which changed as per the market condition, but at the same time the
around 45% investor trade on the basis of speculation and 31% depend upon
Investment option Bonds, Mutual Funds etc.
Moreover, the now a days Hedging is most common derivatives tools which is
used by the Investor to get more return from the Market ,this is mostly used in the
Commodities Market.
%of Respodents
Interpretation
About 57% of the respondents say they themselves manage their portfolio and
43% of the respondents say they depends on the security company for portfolio
Management. 43% of the respondents prefer PMS of the company because they
dont have to keep a close eye on their investment; they get all the information
time to time from their Fund Manager.
Moreover, talking about the Sharekhan PMS services they are far satisfied with
the Protech and Prop rime Performance during last year. They are satisfied with the
quick and active services of Sharekhan customer services where, they get the
updated knowledge about the scrip detail everyday from their Fund Manager.
Research; 35%
Services; 22%
Investment Tips are good; 15%
Brokerage; 28%
Interpretation
As the above research shows the reasons and the parameters on which investor
lie on Sharekhan and they do the trade.
Among hundred respondents 35% respondents do the trade with the company
due to its research Report, 28% based on Brokerage Rate whereas 22 % are happy
with its Services.
Last but not the least, 15% respondents are depends upon the tips of Sharekhan
which gives them idea where to invest and when to invest.
At the time of research what I found is that still Sharekhan need to make the
clients more knowledge about their PMS product.
No; 44%
Yes; 56%
Interpretation
As talking about the Investment option, in most of clients it was common that
they know about the Option but as the PMS of Sharekhan have different Product
offering, Product Characteristics and the Investment amount is also different this
makes the clients to think differently.
It is found that 56% of Sharekhan client where using PMS services as for their
Investment Option.
28%
27%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Equity
Debt
Balanced
Interpretation
The above analysis shows, in which portfolio the investor like to deal more in
PMS.
As 45% investor likes to go for Equity Portfolio and 28% with Balanced
Portfolio, whereas around 27% investor like to, go for Debt Portfolio.
13. How was your experience about Portfolio Management services (PMS)
of Sharekhan Limited?
Faced Loss
Earned
0%
Interpretation
In the above analysis it is clear that the Investor have the good and the bad
experience both with the Sharekhan PMS services.
In this current scenario 52% of the Investor earned, whereas around 18% have
to suffer losses in the market. Similarly 30% of the Respondents are there in
Breakeven Point (BEP), where no loss and no profit.
37%
63%
Yes
No
Interpretation
The above analysis is talking about the Sharekhan Transparency of their PMS
services. In hundred respondents 63% said that they get all the information about
their scrip buying and selling information day by day, where as 37% of
respondents are not satisfied with the PMS information and Transparency because
they dont get any type of extra services in PMS as they were saying.
No; 14%
Yes; 86%
Interpretation
The above analysis shows the Investor perception toward the Sharekhan PMS
as on the basis of their good and bad experience with Sharekhan limited. Among
hundred respondents 86% respondents were agree to recommend the PMS of
Sharekhan to their peers, relatives etc.
CHAPTER-6
CONCULSION
AND
SUGGESTIONS
Out of hundred respondents 56% respondents are using Sharekhan PMs services.
Investors preferred more than 45% equity Portfolio, 28%Balanceed Portfolio and about
27% Debt Portfolio with Sharekhan PMS.
About 52% Respondents earned through Sharekhan PMS product, whereas 18% investor
faced loses also.
More than 63% Investor are happy with the Transparency system of Sharekhan limited.
As based on the good and bad experience with Sharekhan limited around 86% are ready
to recommended the PMS of Sharekhan to their peers, relatives etc.
As only Hyderabad was dealt in the survey so it does not represent the view of the total
Indian market.
The sample size was restricted with hundred respondents.
There was lack of time on the part of respondents.
The survey was carried through questionnaire and the questions were based on
perception.
There may be biasness in information by market participant.
Complete data was not available due to company privacy and secrecy.
Some people were not willing to disclose the investment profile.
it also provides its research on the future prospect of the IPO. We can conclude the following
with above analysis.
Sharekhan Ltd has better Portfolio Management services than Other Companies
It keeps its process more transparent.
It gives more returns to its investors.
It charges are less than other portfolio Management Services
It provides daily updates about the stocks information.
Investors are looking for those investment options where they get maximum returns with
less returns.
Market is becoming complex & it means that the individual investor will not have the
time to play stock game on his own.
People are not so much ware aware about the Investment option available in the Market.
Suggestions
The company should also organize seminars and similar activities to enhance the
knowledge of prospective and existing customers, so that they feel more comfortable
while investing in the stock market.
Investors must feel safe about their money invested.
ANNEXURE
QUESTIONNAIRE
NAME.
AGE
OCCUPATION...
PHONE
NO..................................
1. Do you know about the Investments Option available?
A) YES
B) NO
B) Return
C) Tax Benefits
E) Capital Appreciation
D) Risk Covering
F) Others
3. What is the most important factor you consider at the time of Investment?
A) Risk
B) Return
C) Both
B) Shares
E) Fixed Deposits
F) Property
5. Investing in PMS is far safer than Investing in Mutual Fund. Do you agree?
A) Yes
B) No
6. How much you carry the expectation in Rise of your Income from Investments?
A) Upto 15%
B) 15-25%
C) 25-35%
B) Burned Finger
C) Unsatisfactory Results
B) Speculation
C) Investment
B) Brokerage
C) Services
D) Investments Tips
B) No
B) Debt
C) Balanced
13. How was your experience about Portfolio Management services (PMS) of Sharekhan
Limited?
A) Earned
B) Faced Loss
C) No profit No loss
B) No
B) No
REFERENCES
www.sharekha.com
www.sebi.gov.in
www.moneycontrol.com
www.karvy.com
www.valueresarchonline.com
www.yahoofinance.com
www.theeconomist.com
www.nseindia.com
www.bseindia.com
Book Referred