Bag technique

1. BAG TECHNIQUE
2. DEFINITION Bag technique a tool by which the nurse, during her visit will enable her to perform a nursing
procedure with ease and deftness, to save time and effort, with the end view of rendering effective nursing care
to clients.
3. PURPOSES: To carry equipment and material needed during a visit to the home, school or factory. To
carry equipment and materials that are needed to make tests and to demonstrate care such as dressing, eye
irrigation, injections, urine testing etc.
4. CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES: 1. Prevention of contamination 2. Protection of the caregiver
3. Make articles readily accessible 4. Make follow-up care
5. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF THE BAG 1. The bag should contain all necessary
articles, supplies and equipment which may be used to answer emergency needs. 2. The bag and its contents
should be cleaned as often as possible, supplies replaced and ready for use at anytime. 3. The bag and its
contents should be well protected from contact with any article in the home of the patients. Consider the bag
and its contents clean and/or sterile while any article belonging to the patients as dirty and contaminated
6. 4. The arrangement of the contents of the bag should be the one most convenient to the user to facilitate the
efficiency and avoid confusion 5. Hand washing is done as frequently as the situation calls for, helps in
minimizing or avoiding contamination of the bag and its contents. 6. The bag when used for a communicable
case should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected before keeping and re-using.
7. EVALUATION AND DOCUMENTATION: 1. Record all relevant findings about the client and members of
the family. 2. Take note of environmental factors which affect the clients/family health. 3. Include quality of
nurse-patient relationship. 4. Assess effectiveness of nursing care provided.
8. PROCEDURE: Steps Rationale 1. Select a work area To prevent country yard or the children or doverandah domestic animal getting in the way 2. Spread a news- To create a clean paper or plastics area
square on a flat surface area
9. 3. Make newspaper bag To discard the waste 4. Loosen the buttons of the bag 5.Remove hand wash- To
avoid cross ing materials and infection wash poured water 6. Take out necessary To do procedure articles for
the proce- dure and place on the clean area w/out touch- ing the outside of the bag
10. 7. Give nursing services as indicated 8. After the procedure, To avoid cross wash the hand with infection.
soap and water. 9. Return the article to To disinfect the the bag, use cotton articles swab moistened with spirit
and wipe out- side of used bottles. All other instrument used during the visit must be boiled for 5mins. Before
replacing into the bag.
11. 10. Fold the used paper bag To discard it and keep it outside the pocket. Close bag. 11. Give the waste
paper bag To disposal to the family members. 12. Write on what was observed what was done, instruction
given, plan for next visit.
12. PROCEDURE: 1. Open the bag, take the linen or plastic lining and spread over work field. The paper
lining clean side out (folded part out). 2.Place the bag on the table or any flat surface lined with paper lining,
clean side out (folded part touching the table). Put bags handles or straps beneath the bag. 3. Take out
hand towel, soap dish, and apron and place them at one corner of the work area (within the confines of the
plastic lining). 4. Place waste bag outside of work area.
13. 5. Ask for a basin of water if faucet is not available. Place these outside the work area. 6. Do hand
washing. Wipe, dry with towel. Leave the plastic wrappers of the towel in soap dish in the bag. 7. Put on
right side out and wrong side with crease touching the body, sliding the head into the neck strap, neatly tie the
straps at the back. 8. Put out the things most needed for the specific case ( ex. Thermometer, kidney basin,
cotton ball, waste paper) and place at one corner of the work area.
14. 9. Proceed to the specific nursing care or treatment. 10. After completing nursing care or treatment,
clean and alcoholize the things used.

Table tennis, also known as ping pong or wiff waff, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball back and
forth across a table using a small paddle. The game takes place on a hard table divided by a net. Except for the initial
serve, the rules are generally as follows: Players must allow a ball played toward them to bounce one time on their side of
the table, and must return it so that it bounces on the opposite side at least once. Points are scored when a player fails to
return the ball within the rules. Play is fast and demands quick reactions. Spinning the ball alters its trajectory and limits
an opponent's options, giving the hitter a great advantage. When doing so the hitter has a better chance of scoring if the
spin is successful.

Table tennis is governed by the worldwide organization International Table Tennis Federation, founded in 1926. ITTF
currently includes 220 member associations.[1] The table tennis official rules are specified in the ITTF handbook. [2] Table
tennis has been an Olympic sport since 1988,[3] with several event categories. In particular, from 1988 until 2004, these
were: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles and women's doubles. Since 2008, a team event has been played
instead of the doubles.

History
The sport originated in Victorian England, where it was played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game.[4]
[5]
It had several different names, including 'whiff-whaff', and it has been suggested that makeshift versions of the game
were developed by British military officers in India in around 1860s or 1870s, who brought it back with them. [6] A row of
books stood up along the center of the table as a net, two more books served as rackets and were used to continuously hit a
golf-ball.[7][8] The name "ping-pong" was in wide use before British manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd trademarked it in
1901. The name "ping-pong" then came to describe the game played using the rather expensive Jaques's equipment, with
other manufacturers calling it table tennis. A similar situation arose in the United States, where Jaques sold the rights to
the "ping-pong" name to Parker Brothers. Parker Brothers then enforced their trademark for the term in the 1920s making
the various associations change their names to "table tennis" instead of the more common, but trademarked, term. [9]
The next major innovation was by James W. Gibb, a British enthusiast of table tennis, who discovered
novelty celluloid balls on a trip to the US in 1901 and found them to be ideal for the game. This was followed by E.C.
Goode who, in 1901, invented the modern version of the racket by fixing a sheet of pimpled, or stippled, rubber to the
wooden blade. Table tennis was growing in popularity by 1901 to the extent that tournaments were being organized, books
being written on the subject,[7] and an unofficial world championship was held in 1902.
In 1921, the Table Tennis Association was founded in Britain, and the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF)
followed in 1926.[4][10] London hosted the first official World Championships in 1926. In 1933, theUnited States Table
Tennis Association, now called USA Table Tennis, was formed.[4][11]
In the 1930s, Edgar Snow commented in Red Star Over China that the Communist forces in the Chinese Civil War had a
"passion for the English game of table tennis" which he found "bizarre". [12] On the other hand, popularity of the sport
waned in 1930s Soviet Union, partly because of promotion of team and military sports, and partly because of a theory that
the game had adverse health effects.[13]
In the 1950s, paddles that used a rubber sheet combined with an underlying sponge layer changed the game dramatically,
[4]

introducing greater spin and speed.[14] These were introduced to Britain by sports goods manufacturer S.W. Hancock

Ltd. The use of speed glue increased the spin and speed even further, resulting in changes to the equipment to "slow the
game down". Table tennis was introduced as an Olympic sport at the Olympics in 1988.[15]

Equipment
Ball
The international rules specify that the game is played with a sphere having a mass of 2.7 grams
(0.095 oz) and a diameter of 40 millimetres (1.57 in).[22] The rules say that the ball shall bounce
up 2426 cm (9.410.2 in) when dropped from a height of 30.5 cm (12.0 in) onto a standard steel
block thereby having a coefficient of restitution of 0.89 to 0.92. The ball is made
of celluloid plastic as of 2015, colored white or orange, with a matte finish. The choice of ball
color is made according to the table color and its surroundings. For example, a white ball is
easier to see on a green or blue table than it is on a grey table. Manufacturers often indicate the
quality of the ball with a star rating system, usually from one to three, three being the highest
grade. As this system is not standard across manufacturers, the only way a ball may be used in
official competition is upon ITTF approval[22] (the ITTF approval can be seen printed on the ball).
The 40 mm ball was introduced after the 2000 Summer Olympics.[18] However, this created some controversy at the time
as the Chinese National Team argued that this was merely to give non-Chinese players a better chance of winning since
the new type of ball has a slower speed (a 40 mm table tennis ball is slower and spins less than the original 38 mm one,
and at that time, most Chinese players were playing with fast attack and smashes). China won all four Olympic gold
medals and three silvers in 2000, and have continued to dominate.

Table
The table is 2.74 m (9.0 ft) long, 1.525 m (5.0 ft) wide, and 76 cm (2.5 ft) high with any continuous material so long as the
table yields a uniform bounce of about 23 cm (9.1 in) when a standard ball is dropped onto it from a height of 30 cm
(11.8 in), or about 77%.[23][24] The table or playing surface is uniformly dark coloured and matte, divided into two halves
by a net at 15.25 cm (6.0 in) in height. The ITTFapproves only wooden tables or their derivates. Concrete tables with a
steel net or a solid concrete partition are sometimes available in outside public spaces, such as parks. [25]
Paddle/racket
Players are equipped with a laminated wooden racket covered with rubber on one or two sides depending on the grip of
the player. The ITTF uses the term "racket", [26] though "bat" is common in Britain, and "paddle" in the U.S.
The wooden portion of the racket, often referred to as the "blade", commonly features anywhere between one and seven
plies of wood, though cork, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aluminum fiber, and Kevlar are sometimes used. According to the
ITTF regulations, at least 85% of the blade by thickness shall be of natural wood. [27] Common wood types
include balsa, limba, and cypress or "hinoki," which is popular in Japan. The average size of the blade is about 17
centimetres (6.7 in) long and 15 centimetres (5.9 in) wide. Although the official restrictions only focus on the flatness and
rigidness of the blade itself, these dimensions are optimal for most play styles.
Table tennis regulations allow different surfaces on each side of the racket. [28] Various types of surfaces provide various
levels of spin or speed, and in some cases they nullify spin. For example, a player may have a rubber that provides much
spin on one side of their racket, and one that provides no spin on the other. By flipping the racket in play, different types
of returns are possible. To help a player distinguish between the rubber used by his opposing player, international rules
specify that one side must be red while the other side must be black. [27] The player has the right to inspect his opponent's
racket before a match to see the type of rubber used and what colour it is. Despite high speed play and rapid exchanges, a
player can see clearly what side of the racket was used to hit the ball. Current rules state that, unless damaged in play, the
racket cannot be exchanged for another racket at any time during a match. [29]

Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with
larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players
per side). Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a
rectangular indoor court. Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock with the racquet [1] and landing it within the
opposing side's half of the court.
Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the net. Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the
floor or if a fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence) the opposing side. [2]
The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile which flies differently from the balls used in
many other sports. In particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock to decelerate more rapidly.
Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed compared to the balls in other racquet sports.
The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be
dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competition dominated by China.
Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with five events: men's singles, women's singles, men's
doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players
require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor
coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements. [3]

History
Games employing shuttlecocks have been played for centuries across Eurasia[n 1] but the modern game of
badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the British as a variant of the earlier game of battledore
and shuttlecock. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".)[4] Its exact origin remains obscure. The name
derives from the Duke of Beaufort'sBadminton House in Gloucestershire,[5] but why or when remains unclear.
As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet titled Badminton BattledoreA
New Game but unfortunately no copy has survived.[6] An 1863 article in The Cornhill Magazine describes
badminton as "battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, across a string suspended some five feet from the
ground".[7]
The game may have originally developed among expatriate officers in British India,[8] where it was very popular
by the 1870s.[6] Ball badminton, a form of the game played with a wool ball instead of a shuttlecock, was being
played in Thanjavur as early as the 1850s[9] and was at first played interchangeably with badminton by the
British, the woollen ball being preferred in windy or wet weather.
Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of Pune,[8][10] where it was
particularly popular and where the first rules for the game were drawn up in 1873.[6][7][n 2] By 1875, returning
officers had started a badminton club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 14
players but it was quickly established that games between two or four competitors worked the best.[4] The
shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor play, sometimes weighted with lead.[4] Although the
depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the ground.[4]
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when the J.H.E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club drew
up revised regulations.[5] In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules.[6] The Badminton Association of
England published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house called "Dunbar"[n
3]

in Portsmouth on 13 September.[12] The BAE started the first badminton competition, the All England Open

Badminton Championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles, in 1899.[5] Singles
competitions were added in 1900 and an EnglandIreland championship match appeared in 1904.[5]
England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand were the
founding members of the International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the Badminton World
Federation. India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now governs international badminton. Although
initiated in England, competitive men's badminton has traditionally been dominated in Europe by Denmark.
Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international
competition. China, Denmark, India, Indonesia,Malaysia, and South Korea are the nations which have
consistently produced world-class players in the past few decades, with China being the greatest force in
men's and women's competition recently.

Equipment

Racquets
Badminton racquets are lightweight, with top quality racquets weighing between 70 and 95 grams (2.5 and 3.4
ounces) not including grip or strings.[14][15] They are composed of many different materials ranging from carbon
fibre composite (graphite reinforced plastic) to solid steel, which may be augmented by a variety of
materials. Carbon fibre has an excellent strength to weight ratio, is stiff, and gives excellent kinetic
energy transfer. Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite, racquets were made of light metals such as
aluminum. Earlier still, racquets were made of wood. Cheap racquets are still often made of metals such as
steel, but wooden racquets are no longer manufactured for the ordinary market, because of their excessive

mass and cost. Nowadays, nanomaterials such as fullerene and carbon nanotubes are added to racquets
giving them greater durability.[citation needed]
There is a wide variety of racquet designs, although the laws limit the racquet size and shape. Different
racquets have playing characteristics that appeal to different players. The traditional oval head shape is still
available, but an isometric head shape is increasingly common in new racquets.
Strings
Badminton strings are thin, high performing strings with thicknesses ranging from about 0.62 to 0.73 mm.
Thicker strings are more durable, but many players prefer the feel of thinner strings. String tension is normally
in the range of 80 to 160 N (18 to 36 lbf). Recreational players generally string at lower tensions than
professionals, typically between 80 and 110 N (18 and 25 lbf). Professionals string between about 110 and 160
N (25 and 36 lbf). Some string manufacturers measure the thickness of their strings under tension so they are
actually thicker than specified when slack. Ashaway Micropower is actually 0.7mm but Yonex BG-66 is about
0.72mm.
It is often argued that high string tensions improve control, whereas low string tensions increase power.[16] The
arguments for this generally rely on crude mechanical reasoning, such as claiming that a lower tension string
bed is more bouncy and therefore provides more power. This is in fact incorrect, for a higher string tension can
cause the shuttle to slide off the racquet and hence make it harder to hit a shot accurately. An alternative view
suggests that the optimum tension for power depends on the player:[14] the faster and more accurately a player
can swing their racquet, the higher the tension for maximum power. Neither view has been subjected to a
rigorous mechanical analysis, nor is there clear evidence in favour of one or the other. The most effective way
for a player to find a good string tension is to experiment.
Grip
The choice of grip allows a player to increase the thickness of their racquet handle and choose a comfortable
surface to hold. A player may build up the handle with one or several grips before applying the final layer.
Players may choose between a variety of grip materials. The most common choices are PU synthetic grips or
towelling grips. Grip choice is a matter of personal preference. Players often find that sweat becomes a
problem; in this case, a drying agent may be applied to the grip or hands, sweatbands may be used, the player
may choose another grip material or change his/her grip more frequently.
There are two main types of grip: replacement grips and overgrips. Replacement grips are thicker, and are
often used to increase the size of the handle. Overgrips are thinner (less than 1 mm), and are often used as
the final layer. Many players, however, prefer to use replacement grips as the final layer. Towelling grips are
always replacement grips. Replacement grips have an adhesive backing, whereas overgrips have only a small
patch of adhesive at the start of the tape and must be applied under tension; overgrips are more convenient for
players who change grips frequently, because they may be removed more rapidly without damaging the
underlying material.
Shuttlecock
A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie) is a high-drag projectile, with an open conical
shape: the cone is formed from sixteen overlapping feathers embedded into a rounded cork base. The cork is
covered with thin leather or synthetic material. Synthetic shuttles are often used by recreational players to
reduce their costs as feathered shuttles break easily. These nylon shuttles may be constructed with either
natural cork or synthetic foam base, and a plastic skirt.
Badminton rules also provide for testing a shuttlecock for the correct speed:

3.1: To test a shuttlecock, hit a full underhand stroke which makes contact with the shuttlecock over the back
boundary line. The shuttlecock shall be hit at an upward angle and in a direction parallel to the side lines.
3.2: A shuttlecock of the correct speed will land not less than 530 mm and not more than 990 mm short of the
other back boundary line.
Shoes
Badminton shoes are lightweight with soles of rubber or similar high-grip, non-marking materials.
Compared to running shoes, badminton shoes have little lateral support. High levels of lateral support are
useful for activities where lateral motion is undesirable and unexpected. Badminton, however, requires
powerful lateral movements. A highly built-up lateral support will not be able to protect the foot in badminton;
instead, it will encourage catastrophic collapse at the point where the shoe's support fails, and the player's
ankles are not ready for the sudden loading, which can cause sprains. For this reason, players should choose
badminton shoes rather than general trainers or running shoes, because proper badminton shoes will have a
very thin sole, lower a person's centre of gravity, and therefore result in fewer injuries. Players should also
ensure that they learn safe and proper footwork, with the knee and foot in alignment on all lunges. This is more
than just a safety concern: proper footwork is also critical in order to move effectively around the court.

DOH PROGRAMS
Adolescent and Youth Health Program (AYHP)
Botika Ng Barangay (BnB)
Breastfeeding TSEK
Blood Donation Program
Belly Gud for Health
Child Health and Development Strategic Plan Year 2001-2004
CHD Scorecard
Committee of Examiners for Undertakers and Embalmers
Committee of Examiners for Massage Therapy (CEMT)
Climate ChangeCardiovascular Disease
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Dental Health ProgramDiabetes Prevention and Control ProgramEmerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease
ProgramEnvironmental HealthExpanded Program on ImmunizationEssential Newborn CareFamily Planning
ProgramFood and Waterborne Diseases Prevention and Control ProgramFood Fortification ProgramFilariasis
Control ProgramGarantisadong PambataHuman Resource for Health NetworkHealth Development Program for
Older Persons - (Bureau or Office: National Center for Disease Prevention and Control )Health Development
Program for Older Persons - R.A. 7876 (Senior Citizens Center Act of the Philippines)Health Development
Program for Older Persons (Global Movement for Active Ageing (Global Embrace 1999))Health Development
Program for Older Persons - R.A. 7432 (An Act to Maximize the Contribution of Senior Citizens to Nation
Building, Grant Benefits and Special Privileges)Health and Well-being of Older PersonsInfant and Young Child
Feeding (IYCF)Iligtas sa Tigdas ang PinasInter Local Health ZoneIntegrated Management of Childhood Illness
(IMCI)Knock Out Tigdas 2007Leprosy Control ProgramLGU ScorecardLicensure Examinations for
Paraprofessionals Undertaken by the Department of HealthMalaria Control ProgramMeasles Elimination
Campaign (Ligtas Tigdas)Micronutrient ProgramNational Tuberculosis Control ProgramNatural Family
PlanningNational Filariasis Elimination ProgramNational Rabies Prevention and Control ProgramNewborn
ScreeningNational HIV/STI Prevention ProgramNational Mental Health ProgramNational Dengue Prevention

and Control ProgramNational Prevention of Blindness ProgramNational Mental Health ProgramNational Safe
Motherhood ProgramOccupational Health ProgramOral Health ProgramPersons with DisabilitiesProvince-wide
Investment Plan for Health (PIPH)Philippine Medical Tourism ProgramProvision of Potable Water Program
(SALINTUBIG Program - Sagana at Ligtas na Tubig Para sa Lahat)Philippine Cancer Control ProgramRural
Health Midwives Placement Program (RHMPP) / Midwifery Scholarship Program of the Philippines
(MSPP)Schistosomiasis Control ProgramSoil Transmitted Helminthiasis Control
ProgramSmoking Cessation ProgramUrban Health System Development (UHSD) ProgramUnang Yakap
(Essential Newborn Care: Protocol for New Life)Violence and Injury Prevention ProgramWomen's Health and
Safe Motherhood ProjectWomen and Children Protection Program.