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    Mladen Engelsfeld 2 = |ROUG JNVERSATION HRVATSKI U RAZGOVORU Mladen Engelsfeld CROATIAN THROUGH CONVERSATION HRVATSKI U RAZGOVORU Twelfth edition Dvanaesto izdanje © Mozaik knjiga GRUPA MLADINSKA KNJIGA PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION The language course, Croatian Through conversation (third, revised and enlarged edition), is designed for all those in English-speaking countries, who want to acquire a basic knowledge of contemporary spoken Croatian. A phrase-book has been appended to help the tourist. Croatian is the dominant spoken and literary language in western Jugoslavia, including the world-famous Dal- matian coast and Croatian Littoral. Dalmatia, expecially Dubrovnik, Split: and Hvar, was the cradle of Croatian literature, which has had a great and old tradition of five centuries. Croatian is not only the Language of the Croats in Croatia; such language (ijekavian), with some differences, is also spoken in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Herce- govina), Montenegro (Crna Gora) and western Serbia (za- padna Srbija). It is hoped therefore that this book will be useful both lo potentially serious students of Croatian culture and lan- guage and to curious and intelligent tourists. The lessons consist of situations in which the learner or tourist may very well find himself. The book is published by Matica iseljenika Hrvatske (The Emigrant Center of Croatia), which is interested in giving people of our descent some information about the language and country of their ancestors. The author Zagreb 1972. PREDGOVOR TRECEM IZDANJU PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION The great demand for beginners course in contemporary literary Croatian written from the point of view of a foreign language learner has necessitated this fourth and enlarged edition of my language course Croatian Through Conver- sation. However, I have always been aware that a complete language course in contemporary Croatian for both native and non-native speakers, would require 100-150 lessons, and not 30, or only 24 short ones, as I was allowed to write in the first edition of my course. A complete course in Croatian, which could also serve as a guide through Croatian culture, civilization and history, remains a task awaiting some future writer. Jeziéni tetaj Hrvatski u razgovoru (treée, prosireno i popra- vijeno izdanje) namijenjen je svima onima iz zemalja engle- skoga jezi¢nog podrugja koji Zele steci osnove suvremenoga govornog hrvatskog jezika. Knjizi je pridodan rjetnik fraza da pomogne turistu pri njegovu prvom susretu sa stranom zemljom. Hrvatskim govornim i knjizevnim jezikom preteZno se govori u zapadnoj Jugoslaviji, ukljucujudi i u svijetu poznatu dalmatinsku obalu i Hrvatsko primorje. Dalmacija, posebno Dubrovnik, Split i Hvar, kolijevka je hrvatske knjiZevnosti koja ima veliku i staru tradiciju od pet stoljeca. Hrvatski jezik nije samo jezik Hrvata u Hrvatskoj; takvim se jezikom, uz neke razlike, takoder govori u Bosni i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori i zapadnoj Srbiji. Nadamo se da ¢e knjiga biti korisna potencijalno ozbilj- nim prouéavateljima hrvatske kulture i jezika, a i radozna- lom i inteligentnom turistu. Vjezbe se sastoje od situacija iz svakidaSnjeg Zivota. Knjigu je izdala Matica iseljenika Hrvatske, koja Matica Zeli da ljudima naSeg podrijetla pruZi neka osnovna znanja © zemlji i jeziku njihovih predaka. The author Zagreb 1981. PREDGOVOR CETVRTOM IZDANJU Velika potraZnja za poéetnicom suvremenoga hrvatskoga knji- Jeynog jezika napisanom s gledista stranog utenika dovela je do ovoga Getvrtog i prosirenog izdanja teCaja Hrvatski u saeyovoru. Medutim, oduvijek sam bio svjestan Cinjenice da hi cjelovit tetaj hrvatskog jezika i za domac¢eg i za stranog \icenika zahtijevao 100-150 vjeZbi, a ne 30, ili samo 24 krat- ke, koliko mi je bilo doputeno napisati u prvome izdanju. ( jelovit teéaj hrvatskog jezika, koji bi mogao posluZiti i kao yodié kroz hrvatsku kulturu, civilizaciju i povijest, zadatak je koji ofekuje buduceg pisca. Autor Zagreb, 1972. Autor /iyreb, 1981. PREFACE TO THE SEVENTH EDITION The constant demand for this book has occasioned its seventh impression. Some people use it for learning Croatian, some for learning English. All of this proves that there is some secret virtue in the book. I feel great joy when people of Croatian descent or people of foreign nationality tell me that they have learnt Croatian from my language course. This makes me think of writing another, thoroughly revised and enlarged edition, in fact, of a completely new Croatian language course. The author Zagreb 1993. PREDGOVOR SEDMOM IZDANJU Neprestana potreba za ovom knjigom, dovela je, eto, i do njezina sedmog izdanja. Nekima ona sluzi za uéenje hrvat- skoga, nekima za uGenje engleskoga. Sve to dokazuje da knjiga posjeduje i neke skrivene vrline. Najvecu radost osjecam kada mi Ijudi hrvatskog podri- jetla ili pak strani drzavljani kaZu da su hrvatski nauéili iz mog udzbenika. I to me navodi na pomisao 0 novome, po- pravljenom i proSirenom izdanju, zapravo, 0 posve novo- me jezit¢nom te¢aju hrvatskog jezika. Autor Zagreb, 1993. SADRZAJ (CONTENTS) 1. vjeZba (Prva vjeZba) DOBRO JUTRO 1. The Latin Alphabet. 2. Accents. 3. Pronunciation. 4. Vowels. 5. The vowel a. 6. The vowel 0. 7. Consonants. 8. The vowel (consonant) r. 9. The consonant r used as a vowel. 10. The consonant c. 11. The consonant z Exer- cises. 2. vjezba (Druga vjeZba) STO RADITE? 1. The vowel e. 2. The vowel u. 3. The vowel i. 4. The consonant j. 5. The consonant d. 6. The consonant b. 7. The consonant § 8. The consonant é 9. The consonant ¢ 10. The consonant g. 11. The consonant ¢. 12. The consonant k. Exercises. 3. vjezba (Treéa vjezba) GOVORITE LI HRVATSKI 1. Adjectives. 2. The consonant p. 3. The consonant m. 4. The consonant vy. 5. The consonant h. 6. The consonant 7. 7. The consonant s. 8. The consonant /. 9. The consonant z. Exercises. 4. vjezba (Cetvrta vjezba) DOLAZAK U ZAGREB 1, The Present Tense of the verb biti (to be). 2. TI (thou, you) and vi (you). 3. Nouns. 4. Absence of the Article. 5 Pronouns. 6. The consonant d. Exercises. 20 31 5. vjeZba (Peta vjezba) 11. vjezba (Jedanaesta vjezba) 71 U HOTELU ,,ESPLANADE-INTERKONTINENTAL“ 1. The Present Tense of the verb imati (to have). 2. Nouns. 3. Adjectives. 4. The conjunction i (and). 5. The conso- nant dz. Exercises. 6. viezba (Sesta vjezba) OBJED 1. Consonental changes. 2. Mobile a. 3. Prepositions (con- tinued). Preposition na (on, for, in). Exercises. 12. vjezba (Dvanaesta vjeZba) 78 DORUCAK +n U PRODAVAONICI GRAMOFONSKIH PLOCA 1. Declension of masculine nouns. 2. The noun cvijece 1. The Present Tense of the verb SE et Oe eA poss (flowers). 3. The Present Tense of the verb voljeti (to like). 4. sesive pronouns. 3. Prepositions (continued). Prepositio' Adjectives. 5. Pronouns. 6. The consonant nj. Exercises. (about). Exercises. "7. vjezba (Sedma vjezba) 13. yjeZba (Trinaesta vjeZba) 49 85 NA PUTU DO »MATICE« U BANCI 1. Plural of monosyllabic masculine nouns, 2. Mobile a. 1. The Present Tense of the verb modi (to be able). 2. Verbs (repetition). Exercises. 8. vjezba (Osma vjezba) i 53 14. vjezba (Cetrnaesta vjezba) HRVATSKA MATICA ISELJENIKA 91 U »SAMOBORCU« 1. Declension of feminine nouns, 2. Neuter nouns. 3. The infinitive. Exercises. 1. Reflexive verbs. 2. Adjectives. Exercises. 9. vjeZba (Deveta vjeZba) 15. vjeZba (Petnaesta vjezba) 58 = 98 RAZGOVOR U »MATICI« NA BALKONU BAKINE KUCE 1. The Present Tense of the verb i¢i (to go). 2. Feminine 1. Indefinite adjectives. 2. Declension of indefinite adjec- nouns. Exercises. tives. Exercises. 10. vjeZba (Deseta vjezba) 16. vjezba (Sesnaesta vjeZba) 65 U AUTOMOBILU 1. Declension of neuter nouns. 2. Adjectives. 3. Prepo- sitions. Preposition u (in, to, into). Exercises. eo 108 U PRODAVAONICI NARODNIH RUKOTVORINA 1. Declension of definite adjectives. 2. The usage of the in- definite and the definite adjective. Exercises. 17. vjeZba (Sedaranaesta vjeZba) U RESTORANU »LAVICA« 1. The Present Tense of the verb Ayjeti (to want, to wish for). Exercises. 18. vjeZba (Osamnaesta vjeZba) ISELJENICKI PIKNIK U SAMOBORU 1. Future Tense. 2. The interrogative conjunction zar. 3. Prepositions (continued). Preposition za (for, behind). Exercises. 19. vjeZba (Devetnaesta vjezba) NA POVRATKU IZ KINA 121 1. Declension of feminine nouns (continued), 2. Prepo- sitions (continued). Preposition iz (from). Exercises. 20. yjezba (Dvadeseta vjezba) SETNJA SAMOBOROM i 1. The Perfect Tense of the verb biti (to be). 2. The active past participle. 3. The pronouns one (they) i ona (they). 4. The infinitive base. 5. Verbs with irregular participles. 6. Prepositions (continued). Preposition do (to, as far as, till, untill). Exercises. 21. vjezZba (Dvadeset prva vjezba) IZLET U HRVATSKO ZAGORJE * 1. The use of the Perfect Tense. 2. The active past participles of the verbs redi (to say) and jesti (to eat), Exercises. 22. vjezba (Dvadeset druga vjeZba) NA BLAGAJNI KAZALISTA 1. Personal pronouns and the reflexive pronouns sebe or se. 2. The declension of personal pronouns and of the pronoun sebe (se). 3. The Accusative singular of the personal pro- nouns on and ona. 4. Prepositions (continued). The prep- osition nasuprot (opposite, facing). Exercises. 23. vjeZba (Dvadeset treéa vjeZba) NA OPERI U HRVATSKOM NARODNOM KAZALISTU 1. Enclitics. 2. Order of unstressed personal pronouns und the reflexive pronoun sebe used in the context. 4. The re- flexive pronoun sebe or se. Exercises. 24. vjeZba (Dvadeset etvrta vjezba) SETNJA GORNJIM GRADOM 1, Assimilation caused by j. 2. The adjective stem. 3. The comparative. 4. The superlative. 5. Irregular adjectives. 6. The declension of the comparative and the superlative. 7. Than after a comparative or ‘superlative. 8. Prepositions (continued). Preposition s, sa (with). Exercises. 25. vjeZba (Dvadeset peta vjeZba) VOZNJA JADRANSKOM MAGISTRALOM |. The Present Conditional. 2. Prepositions (continued). Preposition kraj (near, beside). Exercises. 26. vjeZba (Dvadeset Sesta vjezba) HRVATSKA BRATSKA ZAJEDNICA 1. Verbal aspect. 2. Imperfective and perfective verbs. 3. Voiced and unvoiced consonants. 4. Consonental changes. Exercises. 138 145 164 27. vjezba (Dvadeset sedma vjezba) 171 DUBROVNIK 1, The imperative. 2. Negative imperative. 3. The imperative of reci (to say) and pomodi (to help). 4. The active past parti- ciple of the verb ici (to go). 5. Adjectival adverbs. 6. Prepo- sitions (continued). Prepositions od (from, of, than), kod (at), duz (along), and osim (besides). Exercises. 28. vjezba (Dvadeset osma vjezba) 177 HOTEL ,,CROATIA* U CAVIATU 1. Affirmative and negative forms of the verb biti (to be). 2. Demonstrative pronouns ovaj, taj and onaj_ Exercises. 29. vjezba (Dvadeset deveta vjezba) 183 OJ, BUDI SVOJ! 1. Four different stems of the verb biti (to be). 2. The imperative of biti (to be). The possessive pronoun svoj, a, e. 4. The declension of the possessive pronoun svoj, a, e. The word sam. Exercises. 30. vjezba (Trideseta vjezba) 189 DO VIDENJA IDUCE GODINE PHRASE-BOOK FOR TOURISTS (RJECNIK FRAZA ZA TURISTE) 1. GREETINGS — EVERYDAY EXPRESSIONS — SHOPPING (POZDRAVI — SVAKIDASNIJI IZRICAJI — KUPOVANIJE) 195 2. FOOD AND DRINK (HRANA I PICE) In the restaurant: Breakfast, Lunch and Din- ner (U restoranu: Dorutak, objed i vetera). 197 . IN THE HOTEL (U HOTELU) 203 4. IN THE BANK (U BANCI) 205 . TIME - THE DAYS OF THE WEEK - THE NAMES OF THE MONTHS - SEASONS AND POINTS OF THE COMPASS — THE WEATHER (VRIJEME - DANI U TJEDNU — IMENA MJESECI - GODISNJA DOBA I STRANE SVIJETA — VRIJEME) 206 . NUMERALS (BROJEVI) a) Cardinal Numerals (Glavni brojevi), b) Ordi- nal numerals (Redni brojevi) 209 . Dictionary (Rjeénik) 213 . Index (Kazalo) 249 1. vjéZba (Piva vjézba) DOBRG JUTRO Mary: Dobro jiitro, djéco. Jane: Dobro jutro, mama. Joseph: Dobro jutro. Edward: Dobro jiitro, tata. Mary: Kako ste, djéco? John: Dobro. Jane: Vilo dobro. Joseph: Std radite? John: Ucimo. Joseph: Sto? John: Uvéimo hivatski jézik. 15 Words and phrases prva (f.) — first vjezba (f.) — lesson dobro — good, well, fine jutro (n.) — morning dobro jutro — good morning djeco — children; djeco is the vocative plural of the word dijete (n.) mama (f.) - mother tata (m.) — father kako ste? — how are you? kako ste, djeco? dobro vrlo dobro Sto? Sto radite? ucimo hrvatski (m,) jezik (m.) ucimo hrvatski jezik — how are you, children? — well, fine — very well, just fine — what? — what are you doing? — we are learning (studying) — Croatian — language — we are learming Croatian Conversational expressions 4. Vowels There are 5 vowels in the Croatian language: a, e, i, 0, u. The con- sonant r may also be used as a vowel. All the vowels are pronounced very clearly. The pronunciation of the vowels is not affected by their position in the word or by the stress of the word. Remember: Jn Croatian there are no diphthongs. dobro jutro Sto radite? ucimo hrvatski jezik — good morning — what are you doing? — we are learning Croatian Grammatical explanation 1. The Latin Alphabet In the Croatian language there is one alphabet: the Latin. It is cal- led abeceda or alfabet_ A,B, C, C, G D, DZ, D, E, FE, G, H, L, J, K, L, LJ, M,N, NJ, OMP MR Sie Sault Un varzntze In the Croatian language there are 5 vowels and 25 consonants. Vowels: a, e, i, 0, u Consonants: b, c, ¢, ¢, d, dz, d, f, g, h, ji, k, 1, Ij, m, n, nj, p, r,s, § t, Vine 2. Accents The Croatian accent system is not simple; in rural regions it is especially complicated, involving word tone and vowel length after the accented syllable. The accent can fall on any syllable, but usually occurs on the first and only very rarely on the last. For the sake of simplicity two accents are used in this book: the short (*), e.g. djéco, and the long (’), e.g. Zagreb. The accent makes the syllable on which it falls short or long. Short and long syllables in Croatian roughly correspond to short and long syllables in English, e.g.: 10k (m.) - onion, luk (m.) — bow, arch; fit (be the right measure for), feet (plural of foot). The sign — is used to denote the lenght of a vowel after the accentuated syllable, e. g. razglédam (I am having a look around). 3. Pronunciation In the Croatian language almost every letter is pronounced. There are no silent letters as in English. Remember: Jn Croatian almost every letter is pronounced as it is written. 5. The vowel a The vowel a is similar to the first element of the English diph- thong aw (out, shout). Vowel a is more closed than English a in father and more open than English a in fat. Exercises: tata (father) mama (mother) kava (coffee) tama (darkness) ucenica (pupil) Amerika (America) sad (now) baka (grandmother) kako (how) 17 6. The vowel o The vowel o is similar to the first element of the English diph- thong ou (know, though). The pronunciation of the vowel o is somewhere between the corresponding vowels in the English words hot and ought (roughly like American »ought«). Exercises: dobro (well, fine) kasno (late) more (sea) ovo (this) soba (room) vino (wine) ovdje (here) pod (floor) kako (how) 7. Consonants lhe pronunciation of the consonant is approximately the same is that of their English equivalents. The difference between Cro- tian and English consonants is that the consonants in Croatian are pronounced as they are written. 8. The vowel (consonant) r Rolled or trilled r(prva, Zagreb) is pronounced like Scottish rin berry; it is not like the English sound but more like the German 7; it is trilled (rolled) with one »tap«. The tip of the tongue should ‘be pressed against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge). The tongue vibrates against the teeth ridge. Exercises: prva (first) dobro (well, fine) jutro (morning) raditi (to work) vrlo (very) hrvatski (Croatian) 9. The consonant r used as a vowel REVS The consonant , may be used as a vowel when it occurs: a) between two consonants e. g. vrlo (very) krv (blood) vit (garden) smrt (death) prst (finger) trg (square) b) initially, i. e. at the beginning of a word before another consonant e.g. rt (headland, promontory) rda (rust) rdav (bad) 10. The consonant c C is always pronounced fs (cats, lots). It is never pronounced k o: w Exercises: djeca (children) blagovaonica (dining—room) crven (red) cvijece (flowers) crn (black) starac (old man) 11. The consonant z The consonant Z is pronounced like the s in measure or leisure. Exercises: vjeZba (lesson) muz (husband) Zivjeli (cheers) Zena (woman) Zeljeti (to want) zedan (thirsty) Exercises Translate into Croatian: 1 Good morning. . How are you? . Very well. . What are you doing? . We are learning Croatian. 19 Jelite li? cigareta (f.) Yelite li cigaretu? hesto popiti Zeolite li nesto popiti? 2. vjéiba (Driga vjézba) §TO RADITE? aeyrsno pa vi ved Dobar dan, djeco. pa vi veé Svi: Dobar dan. fovorite hrvatski Joseph: Sto rddite? da Edward: Ucimo all Joseph: Std cite? i : malo Edward: Uéimo hivatski. Ucimo svaki dan. da, ali malo Jane: Dobar dan. Dobro jutro. Dobar véter. Kako ste? Sto radite? Laku ndéc. Edward: —Izvolite sjésti. Jéste li dmorni? John: Zélite li cigarétu? Zélite li n&Sto popiti? Mary: Izvrsno, djéco. Pa vi véé govorite hivatski. Da, ali malo. dobar dan avaki dan dobar veéer liku noé ievolite Jelite li cigaretu? Jolite li nesto popiti? malo Words and phrases druga (f.) dobar dan — second — good day (literal translation); the Croats sa! dobar dan practically the whole day except early in the morning, when they say dobre jutro, or in the evening, when they say do: bro veée or dobar vecer or dobra vece (th noun evening can be masculine (veter), fe minine (veée) or neuter (veée) do you want?; would you like? — cigarette — do you want a cigarette? — something — drink — would you like something to drink? — excellent — then, so, and, but = you already — but you already speak Croatian ~ yes — but — a little — yes, just a little Conversational expressions — good day (literal translation) — every day — good evening — good night — please (do) sit down; take a seat, please — do you want a cigarette? - would you like something to drink? 21 —a little Grammatical explanation — all — what are you learning (studying)?; ucite i the second person plural of the verb wdéiti (to learn, to study) svi Sto utite? please (do) sit down; take a seat, pleas vie are you tired? izvolite sjesti jeste li umomi? = —- svaki — every dan — day hed. svaki dan ~ every day ‘a dobar veéer — good evening Exercises: laku noé — good night med (honey) a (lesson) djeca (children) 1. The vowel e Ihe vowel e is similar to the English vowel e in words like men or zena (wife) sestra (sister) uéenica (pupil) 2. The vowel u The vowel u is similar to the corresponding English vowel in words like room, two, new, or few. But it is shorter. Exercises: luk (onions) student (student) kruh (bread) jutro (morning) ucimo (we are learning) umorni (tired) 3. The vowel i The vowel / is similar to the corresponding English vowel in words like she we or key. However, it is shorter. Exercises: l mi (we) izvolite (please) pivo (beer) ucimo (we are learning) | govoriti (speak) popiti (to drink) 4. The consonant j The consonant j is always pronounced like the » in yes or you. Exercises: jutro (morning) djeca (children) jezik (language) sjesti (to sit down) jo8 (still) lijepo (nice) 5. The consonant d The consonant d is somewhat different from its English counter- part. It is pronounced by pressing the tip of the tongue against the: back of the upper teeth, and not against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge) as in English. Exercises: dobro (well, fine) djeca (children) da (yes) druga (second) doruéak (breakfast) gladan (hungry) 6. The consonant b The consonant 6 is similar to the corresponding English consonant in words like bell, bill, and book. Exercises: dobro (well, fine) dobar dan (good morning) Zagreb (Zagreb) yjeZba (lesson) brat (brother) soba (recom) 7. The consonant § The consonant § (sto) is pronounced sh (show, shed). Exercises: Sto (what)? —_ poSta (post-office) Sest (six) Stap (walking-stick) jo8 (still) naS (our) 8. The consonant ¢ 23 The consonant ¢ is popularly called ard é (ucimo) and is pro- nounced ch (archer, church). It is. pronounced with tongue pres- sure against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge.) Exercises: ucimo (we are learning) doruéak (breakfast) €aj (tea) Gist (clean) sunéan (sunny) ploénik (pavement) 9. The consonant ¢ The consonat ¢ is popularly called soft ¢ (Juranié, noé) and is pro- ounced like ¢ in tne. More precisely, the sound ¢ is somewhere between ch of chalk and ww of tune. To pronounce the sound cor- tectly the tip of the tongue should be lightly pressed against the front palate (gum). Exercises: noé (night) evijece (flowers) veé (already) komadié (small piece) kéi (daughter) kuéa (house) 10. The consonant g Exercises The consonant g is similar to the corresponding English sound It is pronounced like the g in get, and never like the g in gen ‘['ranslate into Croatian: le. (D ises: |. Good day. Good morning. Good evening. Good night. Exercises: ). Take a seat, please. Are you tired? druga (second) Zagreb (Zagreb) \, Do you want a cigarette? Would you like something to drink? cigareta (cigarette) supruga (wife) ae 4, But you already speak Croatian. govoriti (to speak) grad (town) §, We are learning Croatian. Translation from Lesson 1: 11. The consonant ¢ (1) |, Dobro jutro. The consonant ¢ in Croatian is not quite the same as its corre-§ ?. Kako ste? sponding sound rin English. It is not pronounced with the strong }. Vrlo dobro. puff of breath (aspiration) which is found in the English sound§ 4, Sto radite? t. It is therefore less emphatic. 5, Utimo hrvatski. Exercises: jutro (morning) Sto (what)? 24 tata (father) Sto radite (what are you 25 doing)? hrvatski (Croatian) neSto (something) 12. The consonant k The consonant k is not quite the same as its corresponding soun k in English. It is not pronounced with the strong puff of breat (aspiration) often found in the English sound k. It is therefore less; emphatic than in English. Exercises: kako (how)? laku noé (good night) hrvatski (Croatian) svaki (every) jezik (language) cigareta (cigarette) 26 Hismo umormi = tizbudeni smo a jer ei sutra ct 3. yjeZba (Tré¢a vjézba) putujemo = jer sutra putujemo = GOVORITE LI HRVATSKI? Zagreb ¢ wovorite li hrvatski? = Dobar dan djéco. Kako ste? Sto radite? dit, malo 2 Dobar dain, mama. Kako si ti? Izvoli sjésti. povorim malo hrvatski — Hvala, dobro. mnogo 7 inalo govorimo, mnogo icimo nisam a tiybudena (f.) sam Bs Sutra putujemo u Zagreb — Dobar dan, mama, John, Edward i ja u¢imo hivat- ski. Dobar dan, mama. Kako si? Jési li tmorna? A jési li ti tmoran? Johne i Jane, jéste li vi tmorni? Nismo umorni, uzbudeni smo. — jer sutra putujem u Zagreb. Mary: Govorite li hrvatski. nas ic Edward: Da, malo. Gdvorim malo hivatski. Malo govorimo, mnogo U¢imo. Mary: Nisam Umorna, uzbudena sam — jer sutra putujem: u Zagreb. Nas Zagreb. kuko si (ti)? = iyvoli sjesti a Word and phrases hivala, dobro - jesi li (ti) umorna (f.)? - treca (f.) — third jest li (ti) umoran (m.)? - ti — you (thou); ¢i is the first person J !!8mo umom| ii \izbudeni smo - fovorite li hrvatski? = da, malo fe govorim (m.) malo - hrvatski Nisam = ‘\itra putujemo u Zagreb — singular of the pronoun 4. It is used in addressing relatives, friends, and children. how are you? take a seat, please; izvoli is the second person singular of the verb izvoljeti, the form izvoli is used in addressing close friends or rela- kako si (ti)? izvoli sjesti = we are not tired we are excited because tomorrow we are travelling because we are travelling to Zagreb tomorrow do you speak Croatian? yes, a little I speak a little Croatian a lot - we speak a little, we learn (study) a lot I am not I am excited we are travelling to Zagreb tomorrow our Conversational expressions how are you? take a seat, please thank you, very well; thanks, fine are you tired? are you tired? we are not tired we are excited do you speak Croatian? yes, a little I speak a little Croatian 27 I am not we are travelling to Zagreb tomorrow Grammatical explanation tives. hvala, dobro — thank you, very well; thanks, fine i — and ja -1 umoma (f.) — tired jesi li umorna? — are you tired? Meecuiine umoran (m.) — tired a jesi li umoran? — are you tired? Jesi li umoran? vi — you Da, umoran sam. nismo — we are not Ne, nisam umoran. 1. Adjectives Are you tired? Yes, I am tired. No, I am not tired. 28 Feminine Jesi li umorna? Da, umorna sam. Ne, nisam umorna. Are you tired? Yes, I am tired. No, I am not tired. Plural Jeste li umorni? Da, umorni smo. Ne, nismo umorni. Are you tired? Yes, we are tired. No, we are not tired. 2. The consonant p The consonant p in Croatian is not quite the same as its correspond: ing sound p in English. It is not pronounced with the strong puff of breath (aspiration) often found in the English sound p (pot part, pipe). It is therefore less emphatic. Exercises: prva (first) lijepo (nice) popiti (to drink) plav (blue) prijatelj (friend) supruga (wife) 3. The consonant m The consonant m (mama) in Croatian is similar to its corre: sponding sound m in English (man). Exercises: mama (mother) ucimo (we are learning) umoran (tired) malo (a little) moj (my) hvala vam (thank you) 4. The consonant v The consonant v (prva) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding sound v in English (vast). Exercises: vjezba (lesson) izvolite (please) vrlo (very) veé (already) veter (evening) govoriti (to speak) 5. The consonant h \)e Croatian A is somewhat different from the English h. To pro- ‘ounce this sound, the student should prepare his organs of apeech for the pronunciation of the English sound & and then let ihe air »scrape« over the back of the tongue. The sound A is simi- lar to its German equivalent in ach but it has much less force. Exercises: hrvatski (Croatian) Hrvatska (Croatia) Hrvat (Croat) hotel (hotel) hvala vam (thank you) juha (soup) 6. The consonant n he consonant n (dan) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding sound vn in English (ton). Exercises: dan (day) noé (night) ne&to (something) Zena (woman) ucenica (pupil) student (student) 29) 7. The consonant s Ihe consonant s (svaki) in Croatian is similar to its corresponding sound s in English (pass). It is always pronounced s (sir), and Never z or sh. Exercises: svaki (every) kako ste (how are you)? sjesti (to sit down) jeste li (are you)? izvrsno (excellent) hrvatski (Croatian) 8. The consonant / The consonant / (lijepa) is similar to its corresponding sound / (ight) in English. 30 Exercises: laku noé (good night) izvolite sjesti (take a seat, please) Zelite li (do you want)? malo (a little) 4, yjezba (Cétvrta yjézba) jeste li (are you)? lijep (nice) 9. The consonant z The consonant z (Zagreb) in Croatian is similar to its corre. plicpan: sponding sound z (zip) in English. Joseph: Exercises: per Zagreb (Zagreb) zaista (really) : zima (winter) razgovarati (to talk) Jane: dolazak (arrival) zato (therefore) Exercises Translation from Lesson 2: Dobar dan. Dobro jutro. Dobar veter. Laku noé. DOLAZAK U ZAGREB Dobro dosli u_ Zagreb! Ja sam Stjgpan Kovatic, a dvo je moj prijateli Ivan Jtranic. Ja sam Joseph Smith, a dvo je moja Zéna Mary. Drago mi je. Ovo su John, Edward i Jane. _ Ja sam John Smith, a ovo je m6j brat Edward. Ovo sam) tigenica. John je stiident. Edward je tako- der stiident. Ovo je hotel »Esplanade—Intercontinéntal«. Izvolite uci. 7 Hvala. Ovdje je vilo lijépo. Jéste li umorni? Kasno je. Da. timormi smo. Hvala vam. Do vidénja stitra. Do vidénja. Laku noc. 31 Words and phrases 1. 2. Izvolite sjesti. Jeste li umorni? 3. Zelite li cigaretu? Zelite li neSto popiti? 4, oF Pa vi veé govorite hrvatski. ee (f) Usimo hrvatski jezik. ppeba if) dolazak (m.) u Zigreb dobro do8gli ji sam i ovo je moj (ms.) Prijatelj (m.) moja (fs.) Jona (£) draigo mi je eyo su brat (m.) 4 a (f) tucenica (f.) student (m.) — fourth ~ lesson — arrival - in — Zagreb, capital of Croatia — welcome -Iam — and — this is — my ~ friend — my — wife — I am glad — here are (literally: those are) — brother — sister — pupil — student 32 takoder — also, too hotel (m.) — hotel izvolite uci — please, con.z in hvala — thank you ovdje — here ovdje je vrlo lijepo — it is very nice here jeste li umorni — are you tired kasno je — it is late hvala vam — thank you do videnja sutra — so long (till) to-morrow laku noé - good night Conversational expressions dobro do$li — welcome drago mi je — I am glad izvolite uci — please, come in hvala; hvala vam - thank you kasno je — it is late ovdje je vrlo lijepo - it is very nice here do videnja — so long laku noé = good night Grammatical explanation 1. The Present Tense of the verb biti (to be) Affirmative Short Form Singular Singular ja sam jesam lam ti si jesi you are on je Jest he is ona je jest she is ono je jest it is Plural Plural mi smo jesmo we are vi ste jeste you are oni su jesu they are Interrogative Singular Singular jesam li (ja)? am I? jesi li (ti)? are you? je li (on)? is he? je li (ona)? is she? je li (ono)? is it? Plural Plural jesmo li (mi)? are we? jeste li (vi)? are you? jesu li (oni)? are they? Negative Singular Singular (ja) nisam I am not (ti) nisi you are not (on) nije he is not (ona) nije she is not (ono) nije it is not Plural Plural (mi) nismo we are not (vi) niste you are not (oni) nisu they are not 1. verb biti (to be) has two forms of the Present Tense, a Long Poi and a Short Form. Hie Long Form is more emphatic. It is used: (1) When the verb occurs as the first word of the sentence e.g. Jesam li Ga) student? Jeste li (vi) uéenica? Joste li (vi) umorni? (11) When the verb stands alone, usually in answer to a question e.g. Jeste li student? Du, jesam. Am I a student? Are you a pupil? Are you tired? Are you a student? Yes, 1 am. 33 Jeste li umorni? Da, jesmo. Are you tired? Yes, we are. The Short Form is used on all other occasions, especially in co! versation. 2. Ti (thou, you) and vi (you) Ti corresponds to the older English form thou or to the Frenel form tu. It is used in addressing relatives, close friends, and chi dren e.g. Jane, jesi li (ti) uéenica? Jane, are you a pupil? Johne, jesi li (ti) umoran? John, are you tired? Vi 1s the polite form of address e.g. Jeste li (vi) umorni? Are you tired? 3. Nouns Masculine nouns usually end in a consonant e.g. dolazak, Zagreb, prijatelj, brat, student, hotel. Feminine nouns usually end in - a eg. Zena, sestra, ucenica. 34 4. Absence of the Article In Croatian there are no articles e.g. On je student. He is a student. Student je ovdje. The student is here. 5. Pronouns moj (m.), moja (f£.) — my masculine moj prijatelj (my friend) moj brat (my brother) moj student (my student) feminine moja Zena (my wife) moja sestra (my sister) moja uéenica (my pupil) 6. The consonant ¢ Ihe consonant d (takoder) is pronounced like the dg in bridge. Move precisely, the consonant d is somewhere between the dg bf fyidge and dew of dew, To pronounce this sound, the student ‘ould lightly press the tip of the tongue against the lower tecth. Exercises: dak (pupil) takoder (also) do videnja (so long) gospoda (lady, madam) rodak (relative) c predgrade (suburb) 1 Exercises (Vie7be) Head and translate: (hb J) sum ucenica. Jesam li ja uéenica? Da, ja sam uéenica. Ti si uée- Hew. Jesi li ti student? Ne, nisam. Ona je uéenica. Je li ona uéeni- 41) Da, ona je usenica. On je moj brat. Je li on moj brat? Da, on je Jo) brat. Mi smo umorni. Vi ste takoder umorni. Jeste li vi umor- i)’ Ne, mi nismo umorni. John i Edward su umorni. Jesu li oni WHorni? Da, oni su umorni. Jane nije umorna. Je li ona umorna? Me ona nije umorna. Stjepan i Ivan nisu umorni. Kasno je. Laku Hu 35 36 5. yjezba (Peta vjezba) U HOTELU »ESPLANADE-INTERCONTINENTAL« Stjépan: Dobro jutro. Joseph: Dobro jutro. Izvolite uci. Stjepan: Ovo je mdja supruga Ana. Joseph: Ovo je moja supruga Mary. Ana: Drago mi je. Kako ste? _ i Mary: Drago mi je. Vilo dobro, Ovdje je zaista lijépo. Ima- mo divnu sdbu. Sdba ima vélik balkon. Jane: Dobro jittro. | Mary: Ovo je mdja k¢i Jane. : Ana: Drago mi je, Jane. I ja imam kcér. Ona je jos malo dijéte. A imam i sina. Joseph: John i Edward jo3 su u krévetu. Oni su umorni. Stjépan: A jedi li ti Umomna, Jane? Jane: Ne, ja nisam tmorna. Konobar: Molim, dorucak je gdtov. Jane: Molim vas, Std imamo za dorucak? Konobar: Za doruéak ima bijéla kava, kruh, maslac i dzém. Své je na stolu. Jane: Hvala vam. Ja sam gladna. Words and phrases peta (f.) — fifth u hotelu — in the hotel dobro (n.s.) — good jutro (n.) — morning dobro jutro — good morning supruga (f.) — wife kako ste? - how are you? vrlo — very vrlo dobro — very well zaista — really ovdje je zaista — it is really nice here lijepo mamo ilivna (f.s.) soba (f) volik (m.s.) Halkon (m.) hei (f) jos Malo (n.s.) ilijete (n.s.) ali | i krevetu tiMorna (f.s.) Jonobar (m.) Molim dorutak (m.) ilorucak je gétov fiolim vas Ho ‘io imamo za torucak? 7 dorugak ima Hijela (f.s.) Kava (f) Muh (m.) Wislac (m.) dem (m.) ave Mol (m.) fii stolu wlidna (£s.) (lobro jutro huko ste? yilo dobro Hvdje je zaista vilo lijepo (loruéak je gotov Molim; molim vas iolimo vas, Sto imamo za doruéak — we have — beautiful, gorgeous — room — large, big — balcony ~ daugther, kcer is the Accusative of kéi — still — small — child — but — also, too, and — in bed — tired — waiter — please — breakfast — breakfast is ready — please — what — what have we got for breakfast ~ breakfast consists of — white — coffee a7 ~ bread ~ butter — jam — everything, all table on the table — hungry Conversational expressions — good morning — how are you? — very well — it is really very nice here — breakfast is ready — please — what have we got for breakfast, please? 38 Grammatical explanation 1. The Present Tense of the verb imati (to have) ima-ti — the infinitive i” -ti — the ending of the infinitive im- — the present tense base Affirmative Singular Singular (ja) imam I have (ti) imas you have (on) ima he has (ona) ima she has (ono) ima it has Plural Plural (mi) imamo we have (vi) imate you have (oni) imaju they have Interrogative Singular Singular imam li (ja)? have 1? imaé li (ti)? have you? ima li (on)? has he? ima li (ona)? has she? ima li (ono)? has it? Plural Plural imamo li (mi)? have we? imate li (vi)? have you? imaju li (oni)? have they? Negative Singular Singular (ja) nemam I have not (ti) nemas you have not (on) nema he has not (ona) nema she has not (ono) nema it has not Plural Plural (mi) nemamo we have not (vi) nemate you have not (oni) nemaju they have not 2. Nouns Masculine Feminine | Neuter Nom. sing. Acc. sing. Inanimate — Animate balkon sin soba 9 balkon sina sobu es Ihe Accusative is usually used after transitive verbs followed by an Object. I the masculine singular the Accusative is as the Nominative if {he noun is inanimate but has the ending — a (the ending of the Genitive) if the noun is animate e.g. Nom. sing. Soba ima balkon The room has a balcony Acc. sing. Imamo sina. We have a son. 1)) the feminine singular the Accusative is not like the Nominative Op. Nom. sing. Ovo je divna soba. This is a beautiful room. Acc. sing. Imamo divnu sobu. We have a beautiful room \\) the neuter singular the Accusative is like the Nominative e.g. Nom. sing. Ovo je dobro dijete. This is a good child. Acc, sing. Tmate dobro dijete. You have a good child. 40 The feminine noun k¢i (daughter) 1s regular, Acer is the Accusa- tive of kci. 3. Adjectives dobar (m.), dobra (f.), dobro (n.) — good neuter umorno dijete masculine feminine umoran sin umorna Zena dobar brat dobra kéi dobro jutro Sin je umoran. Zena je umorna. _Dijete je umorno. Brat je dobar. Kéi je dobra. Jutro je lijepo. 4. The conjunction i (and) The conjunction i may mean (I) and and (II) also, too e.g. We have a son and a daughter. (I) Imamo sina i k¢er. r 1 Brother and sister are tired. Brat i sestra su umorni. (II) Imam i sina. Ali imam i kéer. I have a son too. But I have also a daughter. But I have a daughter too. 5. The consonant dz The consonant dz (dzem) is a combination of the letters and sound d and Zand is pronounced like the j in English words John, jug, jam or job. The tip of the tongue should be pressed against the upper teeth. Exercises: dzem (jam) bridz (bridge) dZep (pocket) srdZba (anger) udZbenik (text book) dzungla Gungle) Exercises (VjeZbe) oe the following sentences. It is very nice here. We have a beautiful room. The beautiful room has a balcony. I have a sister and Jane has a brother. I have a broth- er too. A nice breakfast is ready. You have tea or coffee for break- fast. They have a daughter Jane. And have you a daughter? No, I have not. I have a brother and a sister. Have you (thou) a book? Yes, I have a book. (ID She is still a small child. Edward and John are tired. Are they tired? Yes, they are tired. Jane is not tired. She is hungry. The child is hungry. Is the child hungry? Yes, it is hungry. The tired child is hungry. I am not hungry. Are you (thou) hungry? No, I am not hungry. Are you hungry? No, we are not hungry. We are tired. Translation from Lesson 4: 1 ama pupil. Am I a pupil? Yes, I am a pupil. You are a pupil. Are you a student? No, I am not. She is a pupil. Is she a pupil? Yes, she is a pupil. He is my brother. Is he my brother? Yes, he is my brother. We are tired. You are also tired. Are you tired? No, we are not tired. John and Edward are tired. Are they tired? Yes, they are lived. Jane is not tired. Is she tired? No, she is not tired. Stjepan and Ivan are not tired. It is late. Good night. 41 6. viéiba (Sésta vjezba) DORUCAK Ana: Ovo je blagovadnica hotéla »Esplandde—Interconti- néntal«. Mary: Blagovadnica je lijépa, tdobna i svijétla. Ja volim svjétlost. Joseph: A gdjé su John, Edward i Jane? Mary: “Oni su u vitu. Razglédaju vit i véliku terasu. Jane: Mama, tamo je krdsan vit. Terasa je puna cvijéca. I ovdje na stdlu je cvijéce. Mary: TO su civeni karanfili. : Edward: Jane, dvo je lijépa slika. T6 je slika jélena. Stjépan: Doruéak je gotov. Izvdlite sjésti. Joseph: Hvala vam. | Konobar: Za doruéak ima bijéla kava ili mlijéko ili Gj. 42 Jane: Edvarde, voliS li bijélu kavu? Edward: Da, volim bijélu kavu s komadiéem kritha, masla- cem i dz@mom. To je kOntinentalni dorucak. Joseph: Edward, o cému razgOvarate? Edward: Razgdvaramo o doruéku. Ja yolim kéntinentalni doruéak, ali i éngleski, Mdji prijatelji iz Njématke vole kontinentalni dorucak. Words and phrases Sest (fs.) — sixth blagovaonica (f.) — dining-room lijep (m.), — nice, beautiful lijepa (f.), lijepo (n.) udoban (m.), — comfortable, cosy udobna (f.), udobno (n.) svijetao (m.), ~ light, bright svijetla (1), svijetlo (n.) voljeti - to like ja volim svjetlost (f.) gdje gdje su? vrt (m,) razgledati velik (m.), velika (f.), veliko (n.) terasa (f.) mama (f.) tamo krasan (m.), krasna (f.), krasno (n.) pun (m.), puna (f.), puno (n.) evijece (pl.) terasa je puna evijeca ovdje stol (m.) na stolu crven (m.), crvena (f.), crveno (n.), crveni (m.pl.) karanfil (m.) ovo je slika (£.) lo je jelen (m.) sjesti izvolite sjesti bijeli (m.), bijela (f), bijelo (n.) mlijeko (n.) ili taj (m.) 8, Sa komadié (m.) lo je kontinentalni (m.), kontinentalna (f.), — I like — light — where — where are? — garden — to have a look around, inspect — big, large — terrace — mummy, mother — there — beautiful, handsome — full — flowers — the terrace is full of flowers — here — table — on the table 43 — red — carnation — this is — picture — it is — deer, stag — to sit down, to take a seat — please do sit down — white = milk ~or — tea — with — small piece — this is kontinentalno (n.) — continental Inanimate (sofi) Animate (soft) oO — about a ee razgovarati — to talk Nskomedte mM prijatelj o ¢emu — what are you talking about? G. komadié-a G. prijatelj-a razgovarate? D: komadi¢-u D. prijatelj-u o dorutku — about breakfast; note that be So e nee there is no a between ¢ and k Pp eat Pp ari engleski (m.), Sy I. komadié-em I. prijatelj-em engleska (f.), englesko (n,) moji (m.pl. -m ; ; wit i iz a = from In the masculine singular the Accusative is as the Nominative if Njematka — Germany the noun is inanimate but as the Genitive if the noun is ani- iz Njematke ~ from Germany mate. In the masculine singular the Vocative ends in -e if the stem ends in a hard consonant and in -u if the stem ends in a soft conso- nant. In the masculine singular the Instrumental ends in -om if the stem ends in a hard consonant and in -em if the stem ends in a soft con- Conversational expressions izvolite sjesti — take a seat, please ; o éemu razgovarate? — what are you talking about? oe. Plural Grammatical explanation Tanirnate, ‘Animate . . N. karanfil-i N. jelen-i 1. Declension of masculine nouns G. karanfil-a G. jelen-a u D. karanfil-ima D. jelen-ima Nouns in Croatian have seven cases in both singular and plural. A. karanfil-e A. jelen-e They are as follows: Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, V.. karanfil-i V. jelen-i Vocative, Prepositional or Locative, Instrumental. P. karanfil-ima P. jelen-ima Nouns may be classified as hard or soft according to the last con- L karanfil-ima I. jelen-ima sonant of the stem. The noun is soft if the last consonant of the stem is soft. The soft consonants are: c ¢ & 5, d, dz, Ij, nj, j. All Inanimate Animate other consonants are hard. Ni komadicu N. prijatelj-i G. komadi¢-a G. prijatelj-a S inve uaa D. komadi¢-ima D. prijatelj-ima oe B i A. komadié-e A. prijatelj-e Inanimate (hard) ESAs (hard) V. komadié-i V. prijatelj-i N. karanfil N. jelen P. i P. prijatelj-ima G. karanfil-a G. jelen-a I. komadié-ima L_ prijatelj-ima D. karanfil-u D. jelen-u A. karanfil A. jelen-a V. karanfil-e P. jelen-u The Genitive plural ending -a is always pronounced as a long P. karanfil-u V. jelen-e vowel, thus distinguishing it from the -a ending of the Genitive 1. karanfil-om I, jelen-om singular, 2. The noun cvijece (flowers) The noun cvijece is a collective noun. It is used only in the singular e.g. Cvijece je lijepo. The flowers are beautiful. Cvijece je na stolu. The flowers are on the table. 3. The Present Tense of the verb voljeti (to like) voljeti — the infinitive -ti — the ending of the infinitive vol- — the Present Tense base Affirmative Singular Singular 46 (ja) volim I like (ti) voli you like (on) voli he likes (ona) voli she likes (ono) voli it likes Plural Palais teal (mi) volimo we like (vi) volite you like (oni) vole they like Interrogative Suineeeu last Singular yvolim li (ja)? do I like? voli li (ti)? do you like? voli li (on)? does he like? voli li (ona)? does she like? voli li (ono)? does it like? volite li (vi)? vole li (oni)? Ga) (ti) (on) (ona) (ono) Plural volimo li (mi)? Negative Singular Singular ne volim I do not ne volis you do not ne voli he does not ne voli she does not ne voli it does not (mi) (vi) (oni) Plural Plural ne volimo we do not ne volite you do not ne vole they do not 4. Adjectives erven (masculine singular) — red crveni (masculine plural) — red Crveni karanfil je lijep. Crveni karanfili su lijepi. The red carnation is beautiful. Red carnations are beautiful. 5. Pronouns moj (masculine singular) — my moji (masuline plural) - my Moj je prijatelj iz Njemacke. Moji su prijatelji iz Njemacke. My friend is from Germany. My friends are from Germany. 47 48 6. The tonsonant nj The consonant vj is a palatalized or soft n. It is pronounced like the ne in the English word news. To pronounce this sound, the stu- dent should prepare his organs of speech for the pronunciation of the y in year and then pronunce n; or, he should press the front part of the tongue against the teeth ridge (the upper gum ridge) and then pronounce n; the result will be the sound nj. Exercises: Njematka (Germany) treSnja_ (cherry) njegov (his) njihov (their) nosnja (costume) konj (horse) Exercises Translation from Lesson 5: Ovdje je vrlo lijepo. Imamo lijepu sobu. Lijepa soba ima balkon. Ja imam sestru, a Jane ima brata. I ja imam -brata. Dobar doruéak je gotov. Za doruéak imate €aj ili kavu. Oni imaju kéer Jane. A imate li vi k¢er? Ne, nemam. Ja imam brata i sestru. Ima li knji- gu? Da, ja imam knjigu. ad Ona je jo’ malo dijete. Edward i John su umorni. Jesu li oni umorni? Da, oni su umorni. Jane nije umorna. Ona je glad- na. Dijete je gladno. Je li dijete gladno? Da, ono je gladno. Umorno dijete je gladno. Ja nisam gladan. Jesi li ti gladan? Ne, ja nisam gladan. Jeste li vi gladni? Ne, mi nismo gladni. Mi smo umorni. 7. yjéZba (Sédma yjézba) NA PUTU DO ,,MATICE“ Mary: Kako je vani lijépo i stinéano! Kako je ovdje since toplo. Volim stince i toplinu. I mj miz voli stince i toplinu. - Joseph: Grad Zagreb vilo je Cist. Néki gradovi nisu tako Gisti. London, na primjer. Stjépan: Zato je to nas bijéli Zagreb. John: Gosp6édine Kovagiéu, kakav je 6vo spOmenik? Stjépan: To je spomenik kralja Tomislava. Kralj Tomislav prvi je hivatski kralj. Nastiprot spomeniku je k0- lodvor. Nédaleko od kolodvora je posta. To je nova zgrada. Edward: Tata! Plavi tramvaj! Ana:- To je naS zagrebatki tramvaj. Plava boja bdja je Zagreba. Jane: Tata! Gdspoda s maékom! A tko je 6naj starac sa Stapom na ploéniku? Joseph: To je stari gospddin, a ne starac. Mnogi stari_ |judi imaju Stap. Gospoda s bijélim matkom je Engles- kinja. Stari gdspodin je Englez. Oni razgovaraju na éngleskom. Words and phrases sedma (f.) — seventh put (m.) — way na putu — on the way do = lis) Na putu do Matice - on the way to »Matica«; »Matice« is the kako vani lijepo Genitive of »Matica« (f.); »Matica« is the shortened name of the association »Matica iseljenika Hrvatske« (The Asso- ciation of emigrants from Croatia) — how — outside — nice 49 ce a on = that toplo warm. starac (m.) — old man si ere S, Sa — with erie a a te Stap (m.) — stick, walking-stick a (m.) — husband ere) oqpavement aad an ae star (m.), stara (f.), ist (m.), dista (f), ~ clean surod(n) — old; stari is the definite form of star | (m.), a (f.), ne — not ee (n.) eres ljudi (pl.) = people, judi is the irregular plural of tako aie dO: Engleskinja (f) Sone sie ‘ ! Engleskinja (f. ~ Englishwoman, English lady oe aa - pian for instance ao ~ Englishman i mes Re. f na engleskom ~ in English coo (on) Tamu aeauae gentleman oni razeovata na = they talk in English ee 3 engleskom spomenik (m.) — monument fren ie . kakay je ovo — what sort of a monument is this? see roaltlo probably spomenik? : 2 ral Gre) ere Conversational expressions Tomislav — Tomislav, the name of the first Ry Croatian king kakav je a0 what sort of a monument is this? R Fos spomeni . first Fi f pa is ITs} Oni tazgovaraju na — they talk in English ane (n) engleskom 51 hrvatski (m.), Croatian hrvatska (f.), hrvatsko (n.) Grammatical explanation nasuprot — opposite kolodvor (m.) — railway-station . nedaleko od — not far off (away) from 1. Plural of monosyllabic masculine nouns Y, posta (f.) — post-office ‘ . nov (m.), nova (f.), - new Most monosyllabic masculine nouns form their plural by inserting novo (n) the infix -ov or -ev between the noun and the plural ending -i. The zerada (f.) ~ building infix -ov is added to hard stems and the infix -ev to soft stems (i.e. tata (m.) ~ daddy, father lo stems ending in one of the following consonants: c, 6 é 5, d@ d’, Uj, nj, j). Such nouns are declined regularly in the singular. !xamples: grad (town), muzZ (husband), stol (table), Stap (stick). plav (m.), plava (f.), — blue; p/avi is the definite form of play plavo (n.) tramvaj (m.) — tram, street-car zagrebacki (m.), — Zagreb zagrebatka (f.), zagrebatko (n.) Singular zagrebatki tramvaj - Zagreb tram boja (f.) — colour gospoda (f.) — lady matak (m.) — male cat, tom-cat tko who ed A. grad A muda V. grad-e ¥. muz-u P. grad-u P. muz-u I. grad-om I. muz-em Plural Hard Soft N. grad-ov-i N. muzZ-ey-i G. grad-ov-a G, muzev-a D. grad-ov-ima D. muz-ev-ima A. grad-ov-e A muz-ev-e V. grad-ov-i V. muzev-i P. grad-ov-ima Ee muz-ev-ima J. grad-ov-ima I. muz-ev-ima 2. Mobile a There are many words in Croatian which have the vowel a be- tween the last two consonants, e.g.: starac, matak. The vowel is inserted between the last two consonants so that such words can be pronounced easily. As this a appears only in some forms of the same word, it is called mobile a. It often occurs in the Nominative ‘singular and the Genitive plural of some masculine nouns. Singular Plural N. starac N. stare-i G. starc-a G. starac-a D. starc-u ete. D. starc-ima etc. ‘Tajnik: Stjépan: Tajnik: Joseph: Tajnik: Mary: Tajnik: John: PAjnik: 8. vjézba (Osma vjézba) HRVATSKA MATICA ISELJENIKA Débro désli u »Hivatsku maticu iseljenika«. Dé- bro dééli u Zagreb. Ovo je géspodin Joseph Smith, a ovo je gdspoda Mary Smith. Ja sam tajnik »Hivatske matice iseljenika«. Mdje je ime Pétar Markovié. Izvolite éi u méj ured. Ovo je moj sin John, advo je Edward. Ovo je md- ja kéi Jane. Izvolite sjésti. Imate zaista lijépu zgradu. U zgradi je posvuda cvijéce. TO je naSa nova zgrada. Kraj zgrade je nova kén- certna dv6rana. ; Zagreb je vélik miziéki céntar. Dvorana izgleda za- nimljivo. , Zélite li likéra, vérmuta, rakije? Ovo je podznati liker »Maraschino«. Rakija je hivatsko nacionalno pice. Ovo je domaéa rakija, Sljivovica. Izvolite i cinu_ kavu. Jé li t6 turska kava? Da, t6 je tirska kava. A sada: Zivjeli! Ziyjeli! I joS j¢dnom: ddbro dé8li u »Hivatsku maticu ise- ljenika«! Dobro dodli u Zagreb! Words and phrases Hama (£) - eighth Watien (f.) — queen bee, mother bee, hive, bee-hive — this is the literal translation of the word matica; in the name »Hrvatska matica iseljenika« the word matica iz used as a metaphor and means: centre, core, pith teeljenik (m.) — emigrant Tryiataka (f) — Croatia HVitwki, a, oO — Croatian 53) 54 Hrvatska matica iseljenika tajnik (m.) gospodin (m.) gospodin Joseph Smith gospoda (f.) gospoda Mary Smith ime (n.) udi izvolite u¢i u ured (m.) izvolite uci u moj ured posvuda na§ (m.), naga (f.), nage (n.) pokraj koncertni (m.), koncertna ({.), kKoncertno (n.) dvorana (f.) koncertna dvorana muzicki (m.), muziéka ({.), muziéko (n.) centar (m.) izgledati zanimljiv (m.), zanimljiva (f.), zanimljivo (n.) yZelite li likera? liker (m.) vermut (m.) rakija (f£.) poznat (m.), poznata (f.), poznato (n.) nacionalan (m.), nacionalna (f.), nacionalno (n.) pice (n.) domaéi (m.), domaéa (f.), domaée (n.) — Croatian Heritage Foundation - secretary — mister; sir (in address) — Mr. Joseph Smith — lady; madam (in address) — Mrs. Mary Smith — name — to come in — please come in; will you please come in — in — office g ~ will you please come into my office — everywhere, all over — our — beside, near - concert — hall — concert hall — musical — centre — to look — interesting — would you like a liqueur? — liqueur — vermouth — brandy ~ well-known — national — drink ~ home-made Sljivovica (f.) = izvolite i crnu = kavu je li to? = turski (m.), - turska (f.), tursko (n.) kava (f.) - sada = Zivjeli - SVL a jos jednom - plum-brandy please have some black coffee too is this? Turkish coffee now cheers all once more Conversational expressions izvolite uéi Zelite li likera, vermuta, rakije? je li to turska kava? jo& jednom please come in; will you please come in would you like a liqueur, a ver- mouth, a brandy? is this Turkish coffee? once more 55 Grammatical explanation 1. Declension of feminine nouns Most feminine nouns end in -a. In this declension there is no dis- linction between hard and soft stems nor between animate and inanimate nouns. Examples: Zena (woman), gospoda (lady), dvo- tana (hall), rakija (brandy), kava (coffee). Singular Zena Zen-e Zen-i zen-u Zen-o Zen-i zen-om =3

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