TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER

TITLE

PAGE NO

NO

ABSTRACT

LIST OF FIGURES

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INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

1.2 CONCRETE

1.3 CRACKS IN CONCRETE

1.4 CAUSES OF CRACKS

SELF HEALING CONCRETE

2.1 GENERAL

2.2 SELF HEALING CEMENTITIOUS

MATERIAL
2.2.1 Autogenous healing

2.2.2 Chemical additives based healing

2.2.3 Bio-based healing

2.2.4 Epoxy Resin system

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2.2.5 Cyanoacrylates

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2.2.6 Alkali-Silica Solutions

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2.3 SELF HEALING COATINGS

3

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SELF-HEALING CONCRETE METHODS

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3.1 AUTOGENOUS SELF-HEALING AND

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SELF- SEALING
3.2 HOLLOW-FIBER GLASS SYSTEMS

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3.3 AUTONOMIC HEALING OF POLYMER

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3.4 MICRO-ENCAPSULATION PROCESSES

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3.5 AUTONOMOUS HEALING BY

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BACTERIA
3.5.1 FINDING THE RIGHT BACTERIA

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3.5.2 HOW DOES BACTERIA REMIDIATE 19

CRACKS
3.5.3 CONCLUSION
4

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SCOPE OF SELF HEALING CONCRETE

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4.1 SELF-HEALING CONCRETE COST

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EFFECTIVE
4.2 REDUCTION IN ENVIRONMENTAL

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IMPACT
4.3 OTHER ADVANTAGES

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4.4 SELF-HEALING CONCRETE AND

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THE CODE OF ETHICS

4.5 DISADVANTAGES

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4.6 APPLICATIONS

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CONCLUSION

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5.1 REASONS THAT GOING GREEN

MAKES SENSE
REFERENCES

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO

1.1

TITLE

PAGE NO

SPALLED CONCRETE DUE TO

CORROSION OF STEEL
2.1

SELF HEALING/SEALING MECHANISMS:

A) DISSOLUTION, DEPOSITION AND
CRYSTALLIZATION,
B) PHYSICAL CLOGGING,

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C) CONTINUING HYDRATION AND

D) SWELLING OF THE CEMENT MATRIX
2.2

SELF HEALING BACTERIAL CONCRETE

2.3

SCHEMATIC OF SELF-HEALING PROCESS

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IN BACTERIAL CONCRETE.
(A) WATER ENTERS FROM THE LEFT INTO
A MICRO CRACK ACTIVATING THE
EMBEDDED BACTERIAL SPORES.
(B) THE ACTIVE BACTERIA SEALS THE
CRACKS WITH THE PRODUCTION OF
LIMESTONE, PROTECTING THE
EMBEDDED STEEL REINFORCEMENT
(BROWN BAR) FROM
ATTACK AND EROSION.

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