Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Introduction to Linguistics 1 (BA)

Phonetics 2
Manfred Sailer
7.11.2016

Working with the Wiki

Example

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

oral-nasal process
articulation

phonation
airstream process

(Language Files,
p. 48)

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

How to write down speech

Why is current standard spelling not suitable for representing sounds?
Same sound, different letters:
crazy - kind [k]
Same letter, different sounds:
semantics [] - same [e]
genious - vague
One sound, more than one letter:
good [gd]
th [,]
sh []
One letter, more than one sound:
idea [ad]

quiz??
cross-language differences:
Manfred Sailer

genious [d]

x [ks/gz]

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

IPA Chart: pulmonic consonants

http://westonruter.github.io/ipa-chart/keyboard/ (web keyboard for

the complete set of IPA symbols)

http://www.ipachart.com/
https://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
http://soundsofspeech.uiowa.edu/english/english.html

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Manfred Sailer

d, l

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Schwa

Parameters in the articulation of vowels

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front-central-back
close-mid-open
unrounded-rounded
tense-lax

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

(Language Files, p. 55)

English diphthongs

(Language Files, p. 57)

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Engl: I German: Ei

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Sounds not used in English

Give an example, describe the sound, and find the right IPA symbol.
Consonant:

Vowel:

airstream: pulmonic

tongue height:

phonation: voiced

tongue advancement:

nasal/oral: oral

lip rounding:

articulation:

tenseness:

- place: postalveolar
- active articulator: middle of the tongue?
- manner: fricative

Sounds not used in English

Give an example, describe the sound, and find the right IPA symbol.
Consonant: Germ. ich

Vowel:

airstream: pulmonic

tongue height:

phonation: voiceless

tongue advancement:

nasal/oral: oral

lip rounding:

articulation:

tenseness:

- place: palate
- active articulator: back of tongue
- manner: fricative

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Suprasegmental features
length
intonation
tone
stress

- no absolute, but relative values! -

Length
bead - beat

bid - bit

Length vs. tenseness?

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Intonation
Alex is very clever.
Alex is very clever?
Alex kissed Chris.
ALEX kissed Chris.
Alex kissed CHRIS.
Alex KISSED Chris.

Tone
(i) Mi ta
I

pinta e

pinta e

kas.

not AUX paint the house

Tone vs. intonation?

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(LH)

AUX paint the house

(ii) Mi no ta
I

kas.

(HL)

(Papiamentu)

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

Stress
Prominence of a syllable in contrast to other syllables, i.e.:
- longer
- louder
- vowels more tensed

photograph - photography

Phonetics summary
Understand how speech sounds a produced
Understand how the IPA chart workds
Understand that standard spelling systems are great, but not for
doing linguistics
Be able to characterize sounds of English and beyond

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

For next week

Read the rest of the phonetics chapter (2.1-2.5)
Read the chapter on animal communication (chapter 14)
Read: https://www.english-linguistics.de/2012/10/29/animalcommunication/
Watch:
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LU_KD1enR3Q (bee dance)
> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1FY5kL_zXU (animals and
language)
Do the attendance test for week 4
Check with the "task sheet" on olat!

Useful links:
http://westonruter.github.io/ipa-chart/keyboard/ (web keyboard for
the complete set of IPA symbols)

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

November 08, 2016

References
Mihalicek, Vedrana & Christin Wilson (eds.). 2011. Language files.
Columbus: Ohio State University Press 11th edn.

Manfred Sailer

Intro BA 1: Phonetics 2

Manfred Sailer

November 08, 2016