AI-Unit7

Propositional Logic
B E A M J
True Fals
(E or B) => A
A => (J and M)
J <=> M
J <=> M
{B:True, E:False, ...}
Truth Tables
P
P or Q
False
False
True
True

False
True
False
True

P => Q
True
True
False
True

P <=> Q
True
False
False
True

O
(*)
( )
E
(*)
( )

P
True
True
False
False

False
False
False
True

P and Q
False
True
True
True

P
O => P
True
False
M
E => M
True
False

P
(P or Q)
False

Q
False

False
True
True

True
False
True

P and (P => Q)

False

False

(P and (P => Q)) <=> (P or Q)

False
False
False
False
(E or B) => A
A => (J and M)
B
T
( )
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)

E
B
A
J
M
Valid
V
(*)
( )
(*)
(*)

)
)
)
)
)

?
(*)
( )
( )
( )
( )
Satisfiable

S
(
(
(
(

F
(
(
(
(
(

)
)
)
)

Unsatisfiable

U
( )
| P or P
(*) | P and P
( ) | P or Q or (P <=> Q)
( ) | (P => Q) or (Q => P)
Pgina 1

AI-Unit7
(*) ( ) ( ) | ((Food => Party) or (Drinks => Party) => ((Food and Drink) => Party)
Propositional Logic
P
P or Q
False
False
False
True
True
False
True
True
P => Q
True
True
False
True

P and Q

True
True
False
False

False
False
False
True

False
True
True
True

Rel,Obj,Func
Facts
Facts

World
True/False/?
True/False/?
[0, , 1]

P <=> Q
True
False
False
True

Uncertainty - Not
Objects - Not
Shortcuts - Not
First-Order Logic
Propositional Logic
Probability Theory
Atomic
Factored
Structured

(Problem Solving)

A
B

C
D

Beliefs

{P:True, Q:False}
Constants : {A, B, C, D, 1, 2, 3, CEE}
Functions :
Numberof : {A -> 1, B -> 3, C -> 3, D -> 2}
Relations :
Above : {[A, B], [C, D]}
Vowel : {[A]}
Rainy : {} {[]}
Syntax
Sentences
Vowel (A)
Above (A,B)
2 = 2
Operators: and , or , not ,
1
employee =>, equivalent <=>, ()
Quantifiers: for all , exist
x vowel(x) => numberof(x) = 1
x numberof(x) = 2
A, B, V
D1, D2
------Loc
Vacuum
Dirt (d)
Location (l)
A+(o,l)
A+(V,A)
d, l Dirt(d) Loc(l) => A+(d,l)
Pgina 2

Terms
A,B,2
x,y
numberof(A)

AI-Unit7
l, d Dirt(d) Loc(l) A+(V,l) A+(d,l)
R Transitive(R) <=> ( a, b, c, R(a,b) R(b,c) => R(a,c))
V
(*)
(*)
(*)
( )

( )
( )
( )
(*)

(
(
(
(

Y
N
(*) ( ) |
( ) (*) |
( ) (*) |

S
)
)
)
)

U
| x,y x=y
| ( x x=x) = ( y z y=z)
| x P(x)
P(x)
| x P(x)
x,y Job(Sam,x) Job(Sam,y) (x=y)
x,s Member(x, Add(x,s))
x,s Member(x,s) => ( y Member(x,Add(y,s)))
x,y Adj(Sa(x,y), Sa(+(x,1),y))
Adj(Sa(x,y), Sa(x,+(y,1))

Sa(1,1)
Sa(2,1)
Sa(1,2)

Pgina 3