Professional Documents
Culture Documents
31 Vaughan Intensive English PDF
31 Vaughan Intensive English PDF
| iq | | Timon | Bote Ademas de las partes de un | barco, en este ejercicio has aprendido que hasta que acabe |} el-curso, ino habré nada de | vacaciones para til Salademéquinas | Pasareladesalida = || fe a * Vuelve a hacer el ejercicio, pero esta vez utiliza cada pareja de ilustraciones para decir que, debido a la densidad del fuego, no podiais distinguir una parte de la otra: ‘El fuego era tan denso que no Podiamos distinguir ni el puente de mando ni la escatilla’~ “The smoke was so dense (that) we ~ couldn't make out either the bridge or the hatch”. oa 73. . VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGLISH -AvANZZADOEL MOMENTO SINONIMOS FOCUS POINT 1. To call for Este phrasal verb significa ‘exigle’aquiveremos su (Soen referencia personas, misiones puestos de trabajo. [2 Palabra “stee!”acero) se pronuncia igual que el verbo “to steal”, /sstll/.Fjate en que también tenemos 'a expresion ‘nervios de acero’en inglés No intentes usar este phrasal verb fuera del Contexto que verés mas abajo. Te decimos esto porque ya ha habido alguna vez en que nuestros alumnos han intentdo Sustituir “to demand” por “to call for” en otro Este puesto exige alguien organizadoy This job calls for an organized and hard- trabajador, working person, fsta misin exige alguien trabajador con This mission calls for a hard-working hervios de acero. Eres tiel que estamos person wth nerves of steel. Are you the buscando? one we're looking for? | _ Este puesto no exige realmente alguien con This Position doesn't really call for Teiios de acero, pero siexige alguien con someone with nerves of steel, but it does una buena disposicién ‘all for someone with a good disposition, FOCUS POINT 2. Wants (your car wants washing) AUSEES traducimos ‘venir bien’ como “to want en os eemplos de abajo parece que estamos expresando Ft 5 cosas tienen sentimientos, Lo que queremos deci con eta feeI'm not suggesting you have a bad sense sentido de orientacién, pero tengo un of direction, but | have a map, should the mapa, si surge la necesidad. need arise, —s oe ‘VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGUSH -AVANZADOEL MOMENTO EXPRESSIONS ds acuerdas de aquello de “Help! | need somebody! Help! Not just anybody! Help!”? 5) alguien a Guien tuvieras respeto y afecto necesitara tu ayuda, no se la podrias negar. verdad? [Pues asi nos sentimos hacia tl Por eso, a continuacion te presentamos expresiones con el verbo to need” que te ayudaran a expresarte, ‘expresar exasperacién. Y como a veces tam expresar que nos cuentan lo menos posible sobre iy valga la redundancial, ala hora de bién hay que mantenerse al margen, vamos a ver cémo pedir ayuda y algo. FOCUS POINT 1. On a need-to-know basis En inglés decimos que “knowledge is power” (El conocimiento es poder), pero a veces también conviene no Saber demasiado sobre un tema. Por eso, en ocasiones mantendremos a alguien “on a need-to-know busi «decir en una situacién de ignorancia limitada, en la que sabe justo lo necesario para cumplirsu funcién, Mi jefe me cuenta justo lo necesario. Por razones legales, prefiero que me cuentes sdlo lo que sea necesario, Este es un tema delicado. Preferiria contarte justo lo necesario, FOCUS POINT 2. That’s all | needed! ‘Tienes muchos de esos dias en los en el regazo mientras desayunamos es ahi cuando nos escucharas decir lo que me faltabal’. Ayer se derritio la tarta de helado, el payaso dijo que no venia y ahora faltan los gorros de fiesta. Justo lo que me faltabal | Esta mafiana me dejé el chubasquero en Casa y me olvidé el paraguas en el tren. Ahora llueve a mares. jJusto lo que me faltabal Me perdieron el equipaje, me robaron la cartera y luego me confiscaron el Pasaporte. Justo lo que me faltabal ‘My boss keeps me on a need-to-know is. For legal reasons, | prefer for you to keep me on a need-to-know basis. This is a sensitive subject. 'd rather keep you on a need-to-know basis, ue todo sale mal? El despertador no suena, se nos cae el café ardiendo Y, de camino al trabajo, el metro se entre dientes “That's ail needed!” mientras tus paisanos chillan ‘Justo ara 20 minutos entre dos paradas. Y Yesterday the ice-cream cake melted, the clown cancelled and now the party hats are missing. That's all | needed! This morning | left my raincoat at home and forgot my umbrella on the train. Now it’s pouring down. That’s all | needed! My luggage was lost, my wallet was stolen and then my passport was confiscated. That's all needed! 78 \VAUGHAW INTENSIVE ENGLISH. AvANZAD0FOCUS POINT 3. I need that like | need a hole in the head! Ahora vamos ensefiarte nuestro lado mas cinico: cuando estamos siendo oscuros e ironicos decimos “ined that like | need a hole in the head” (\iteralmente: ‘necesito eso como necesito un agujero en la cabeza’), es decir, so dltimo que necesito’ iMas trabajo es lo ultimo que necesito! {Una rueda pinchada es lo ultimo que necesito! iMas gastos es lo Ultimo que necesito! FOCUS POINT 4. You don’t need to tell Sie decimos a alguien que haga algo y, ni corto nip | Podemos decir “! didn’t have to tell him/her twice”, admiracién y aprobacion. Al contrario, si le damos permiso a alguien para hacer algo y se aprovecha inmediatamente de ello, podremos decir con cierta him/her twice!”. Su jefe le sugirié que se fuera a casa pronto, No tuvo que decirselo dos veces. Le pedi (a ella) que liderase el proyectoy no tuve que decirselo dos veces. Les dije que disfrutaran de la barra libre y no tuve que decirselo dos veces. FOCUS POINT 5. In one’s hour of need | need more work like | need a hole in the head. Ineed a flat tire like [need a hole in the head, {need more expenses like | need a hole in the head, her twice c : erez050, se pone a hacerlo, ;Cémo se dic ylodiremos con tonode “Terma delicado’? aefqns ironia “I didn’t have to tell SARISUaS His boss suggested he go home early. He didn’t need to tell him twice. asked her to head up the project and | didn’t need to tell her twice. | told them to help themselves to the open bar and I didn't need to tell them twice. Cuando decimos “hour of need” no ros referimos a una ‘hora’ de necesidad, sino a un ‘momento de gran necesidad’ £| ‘momento’ se refiere a una situacién de dificultad, algo fuera de lo normal, excepcional en nuestra habitual vida autosuficiente, Si John, Paul, Ringo y George pudieron pedir “Helpf” tan elocuentemente, no hay razén por la que ti no uedas decir que ests pasando por un momento de dificultad y pedir ayuda: “This is my hour of need and | rneed some help, please!” La trabajadora social fue una bendicién para nosotros en nuestro momento de. mayor necesidad Lo tiltimo que necesitas en un momento de gran necesidad es ala gente que se queja iGracias por estar presente en mi momento de mayor necesidad! The social worker was a real godsend to us in our hour of need, In your hour of need you need whiny people like a hole in the head. Thank you for being there for me in my hour of need! 7 [VAUGHAN INTENSIVE 9 ENGLISH AVANZADOead 7 ©0508 por aqui Mine Reel ae Mao ai i ee a TT Ts MeL rs RUC TT Ue ee Crete aed Sioa ae ——— LL Coo ite See ree Seay oe SMa TO maT see hue aay WOES Fin; fo a eri -_ Ta CaePISTAS 40 Y 41 DEL CD DE AUDIO EL MOMENTO CONVERSACION 1) What does Sam ask Lily at first? 2) Does she think hes good at gardening? 3) How does she tell him that? 4) What does Lily want to know about Sam's former housemate? 5) How does Sam think Lily feels about Craig? 6) Does she feel that way? 7). What does she say? 8) What did someone named Antonia do to Sam? 9) What did the noise thatd been going on sound like to li? 10) Did Sam need an airport in his backyard? 14) How can you tel, apart from the obvious? [Encontraras las respuestas en la pagina 88) Cuando contestes todas las preguntas, lee e| didlogo en la pagina siguiente para comprobar que lo has hecho bien, jpero no se te ocurra mirarlo antes! 81 ‘VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGLISH -avaNzxD0tHas acertado todas las preguntas? Compruébalo con el texto escrito. Sam: ul Sam: ul (Both of them looking out Sam's window) ul Sam: = ily: Sam: Lily: Sam: Lily: | Sam: Sam: Lily: : What do you mean by my hour of need? When Antonia dumped me? | didn't even know They sure dol ... Shall we go say (Rings Lily, his next door neighbour) Hey, Lily, fancy a cuppa? Sorry, Sam, | didn't get that. Did you just ask me if | felt ike having a cup of tea? That's right. ‘Oh, Id love one, thanks! I'll be right over! No offence, Sam, but don't you think it's about time you mowed your lawn? You're not much of a gardener, are you? Well, no, | wouldn't say | am. Craig was the one with the green fingers and the one that did everything around the house, mind you. But yeah, as you say, the lawn does need mowing. You might've asked him to do something about the skirting board in the hall before he moved out. Can't you see most of it's come off? (reluctantly) | know. Sooo many things need to be done around here... Does he still owe you two months’ worth of rent? No, he actually settled all his debts with me before taking off, What's it to you, anyway? It sounds as if you were holding a grudge against him for some reason. \ ust feel that people that abuse other people's kindness need to be told not everything inthis world's only theirs to enjoy. You needn't worry, Lils.'m sure he’s aware of that. Besides, 've always thought of him as ‘one of my friends and, ‘a friend in need is a friend indeed, right? (getting a bit worked up) Oh! | couldn't agree more. So, where was he in your hour of need? the guy back then, for goodness’ sakel (looking out the window again and annoyed by the noise) Have they built an airport out there overnight or something? It sounds like a hundred planes have landed on your backyard in the past few minutes! (walking towards the window) An airport? That's all I needed. Let me see... Oh-my-God. Those are not airplanes, Sam. Those look like flying saucers to mel ae Oe Darsele bien lajardineria ‘odapiés Pirarse, largarse ati qué mas te da? - Guardarle rencor a alguien _.De la noche ala mafiana hi? 82 VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGUSH- AUANZADOPoe D gana Up) } aaa re ee Cae ceeded ae eer rie Pert yomreet Cocaes Ding rece) Poe ony Roe CONC RN a eaned asap! Ej, se, 89, i gto e PUEIN hey»), Nave a ue cet ees Sr tea reenter) hasta ahora, tendras que girar y girar el libro sin cesta cat emcee tc) Deen cnt urlPee mene Uy) HISTORICO “TABLE, A CHAIR, A BOWL OF FRUIT AND A VIOLIN; WHAT ELSE DOES A MAN NEED TO BE HAPPY?" (Albert Einstein) ‘= Blah, blah, blah: Physicist and genius (1879 -1955). + In a nutshell: Considered the Father of modern physics, this iconic Nobel Prize winner revolutionized his field. in 1905 alone, he published four ground-breaking papers, including one cn the theory of relativity, which changed views on space, time and matter. A German Jew, he was undertaking a two-month visiting professorship in the United States when Hitler came to power in 1933. A month later the Nazi Book Burning took place, with Einstein’s works included among the ‘offensive’ materials. He subsequently learnt that his name was on an assassination list. Needless tosay, he didn't return to the country of his birth. * Too interesting to be true! Einstein became so well-knownin the United Statesin the years before tthe Second World War that people used to stop him on the street to ask him to explain the theory of relativity. He dealt with it by apologizing and claiming that he merely resembled Professor Einstein, “TO SUCCEED IN LIFE YOU NEED TWO THINGS: IGNORANCE AND CONFIDENCE.” (Mark Twain) * Blah, blah, blah: American writer (1835-1910), * Ina nutshell: Born Samuel Longhorn Clemens, he tried out various pen names until he settled ‘on ‘Mark Twain’. His most famous works are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which is often called ‘the Great American Novel * Too interesting to be true! He was born during a visit of Halley's Comet, and true to his own prediction, he died the day after its next vist. —— a VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGUSH -AVANZADO“FRANCE HAS MORE NEED OF ME THAN | HAVE NEED OF FRANCE.” (Napoleon Bonaparte) * Blah, blah, blah: One of the greatest military leaders in (1769-1821). * In a nutshell: He came to power in a coup d'état during the latter stages of the French Revolution in 1799. He defeated all major European powers and installed his relatives and allies as leaders throughout the continent. Such was his military briliance that his campaigns are still studied in military academies today. He sought to spread the ideals of the Revolution. and the legal reforms he introduced have proven to be enormously influential. The Napoleonic Code survives as one of the four main international legal systems. * Too interesting to be true! One of history's most renowned Frenchmen, he was sent to school in France to learn French, where he was teased for his strong Corsican accent istory and Emperor of France “ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE. BUT A LITTLE CHOCOLATE NOW AND THEN DOESN'T HURT.” (Charles M, Schultz) } * Blah, blah, blah: American cartoonist, creator of the Peanuts comic strip and Charlie Brown (1922-2000). * Ina nutshell: The Peanuts strip ran daily for nearly 50 years. During this time, Schultz only took one holiday; a five-week trip to celebrate his 75 birthday, Atits height, Peanuts appeared in more than 2,600 newspapers in 75 countries. it is regarded as one of the most popular and influential examples of the medium and is still widely reprinted today. * Too interesting to be true! Schultz's drawings were rejected for his High School year book! z 8 \VAUGHAW INTENSIVE ENGLISH -AVANZADOEL MOMENTO PEOPLE | THENEEDY Were going to focus on a running theme based on “needy” people. First of al, let us explain to you the meaning of “the needy”, also known as those in need. They are people comprised mainly of those who depend on the charitable aid of others in order to survive or live a more | comfortable life. They usually live in poverty, either in poor countries or in the marginalized areas of other more affluent countries. DOWN-AND-OUT [Those who are “down and out”, otherwise referred to as down on their luck, may or may not be homeless. One thing's for sure, though, which is that whether they havea roof over their Heads or | not, they are often destitute, lacking in resources in order to develop themselves professionally and they have very few or no prospects that can put them on the right track. Many “down-and- outs” include those who have fallen from grace. The expression “Oh, how the mighty have fallen” refers to people who were once rich and powerful but los itll and no longer have anything, HOMELESS {This word is vey logical. It simply means people who do not have a home and therefore may be living on the streets, in a homeless shelter, or going from one friend’s sofa to another | Homeless people need to rely on friends! generosity, or money they get by begging on the streets, They normally have to sift through bins for food, or in some countries, they go to soup | kitchens in order to get a hot meal TRAMPS tou may be thinking to yourself, this word rings a bell That's great, as long as you aren't thinking it’ thesameas trampa in Spanish! Hopefully we don't need to mention that trampais “trick”in English, | Anyway strictly speaking “a tramp” is the same as a homeless person, although one differentiating characteristic that tramps haves that they are known to be drifters too, moving from one place to another to beg, They may also do temporary odd jobs here and there. It's worth mentioning that | the term “tramp”is also slightly derogatory. One could be heard saying for example, “Oh, he's such a tramp; he stinks!” This word is also used as an insult to describe a woman knawn to be rather Promiscuous, or even, you can liken someone to a tramp who isn't homeless at al, but who looks or acts lke they could be. Some people can even be heard calling themselves a tramp, “feel like such a tramp today, look at these shoes, they're falling apart!"You could describe a person as looking “a bit | trampy”, which would be interpreted as seruffy. 1. Comosesueledecit‘los | | 2, Qué términoutilizamos || 3. ;Quées a caracteristica necesitados’ en inglés? para decir que alguien que distingue a un A: The needy no tiene un techo donde vagabundo de un sin B: The needing. dormir? techo? A: Down-and-out A; They don't often beg. B: Homeless. hey are known to be drifters, too, [Encontraras las respuestas en la pagina 88] 56. [VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGLISH -AVANZADOEL MOMENTO RESUMEN ‘Aqui tenemos dos Momentos parecidos, ero con una pequefta diferencia. El ~~" primero, “to need” + gerundio, funciona VERBO asi igual que la voz pasiva. Con esta + Toneed construccién sabemos que algo tiene NEED +GERUNDIO —— que llevarse a cabo o hacerse, pero no + Need planning determinamos quién tiene que hacerlo, Need payin Y¥ luego trabajamos la voz pasiva, para + Need doing que puedas ver los pequefios matices «Need Watering entre el uso de amibas construcciones + Need looking at gramaticales, LAVOZPASIVA Para decir ‘hay que’ en inglés cuando uno + Need to be planned quiere hablar Manta de hacer * Need to be paid algo, solemos emplear “to need” con la + Need to be done vor pasiva. Aqui te hemos presentado + Need to be watered unos ejemplos de esta construccién * Need to be looked at ‘muy corrientes en el mundo cotidiano. PEOPLE + PASIVA | iRepasalo todo hasta que lo tengas + Heneeds to be told controlado! + Toneed to be put in one’s place ——— = + They need to be trained Entre estos sinénimos, hemos incluido + He/she needs to be punished “to require” en el contexto dese * Toneed to be informed | Necesita’, ya que no se suele traducir siNONIMOS | directamente al inglés. = + Tocall for ies Se + Towant 1, las expresiones; js impresionante * Torequire ————___} uantas expresiones tenemos con tan + Could do with sélo un verbo! Aqui te ee de ellas que puedes usar para EXERESIONES 5———_———______— lovey intestine AC inte) ets + Onaneed-to-know basis ‘+ Inyour hour of need + That’s all Ineeded! + Need it ike a hole in the head amigos y comparieros anglosajones. Do you feel that you need to review this book? Perhaps you feel the need to move on to the next one, where we will see not 1, not 2, but 3 verbs: “to hope”, “to wait” and “to expect”. We're sure that you hope it comes out soon, although you may have to wait a few days until it becomes available. We can promise that you can expect it to be a great read! 87- ‘VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENGLISH -AWANZADORESPUESTAS ALAS ACTIVIDADES Momento Vocabulario - pag. 73 1) “When the bridge caught fire we made for the hatch as quickly as possible"; “When the hold caught fire we made for the deck as quickly as possible"; "When the bow caught fire Wwe made for the stern as quickly as possible”; “When the rudder caught fire we made for tthe dinghy as quickly as possible"; “When the engine room caught fire we made for the gangway as quickly as possible”. 2) “The smoke was so dense that we couldn't make out either the bridge or the hatch": “The smoke was so dense that we couldn’t make out either the hold or the deck”; “The smoke was so dense that we couldn't make out either the bow or the stern”; “The smoke was so dense that we couldn't make out either the rudder or the dinghy”; “The smoke was so dense that we couldn't make out either the engine room or the gangway’ Momento Conversacién - pag. 81 1) He asks her whether she fancies a cuppa. 2) No, she doesn't. 3) She tells him that he's not much of a gardener. 4) She wants to know whether he still owes Sam two months’ worth of rent. 5) He thinks she holds a grudge against him. 6) No, shedoesn't. 7) She says she just feels that people that abuse other people's kindness need to be told not everything in this world’s only theirs to enjoy. 8) She dumped him. 9) Itsounded like a hundred planes had landed on his backyard in the past few minutes, 10) No, he didn’t. 11) He was being sarcastic when he said that was all he needed. Momento People - pag. 86 HDA 2) 8 3) B 88. ‘VAUGHAN INTENSIVE ENCUSH -AVANZADOCasi todos los dias recibimos correos de personas como tu que estén estudiando nuestro curso Vaughan Intensive English. Casi todos muestran un grado de satisfaccién considerable con el curso, lo que nos motiva mucho para seguir buscando nuevas formulas para hacer que la gente se enganche al estudio del inglés. mesg \l Sin embargo, lo que mas nos motiva es leer cosas como “Ya voy por el libro 12; pero no voy a pasar al siguiente hasta que sea capaz Intensive English de hacer todos los ejercicios del CD-Rom correspondiente sin co- EL CURSO DE ING.ES MULTIPLATAFORMA meter un solo error” o comentarios como “Ahora estoy con el libro 26 e intento dedicarle al menos media hora de estudio al dia, todos los dias de la semana”. Esto demuestra, entre otras cosas, que cada uno tiene su ritmo de aprendizaje. Aun asi, esta claro que para recibir los comentarios que més ilusién nos hacen todavia tendremes que esperar unos afios, como sucedié con el ultimo coleccionable que lanzamos con El Mundo, Decian asi: “Llevo cuatro afios estudiando este curso y yaes la cuarta vez que lo repaso; gracias a eso estoy consiguiendo algo que antes me parecia imposiole: dominar el inglés”. jEsto si que nos motiva! | eN este BRO: | NIVEL BASICO NIVEL INTERMEDIO NIVEL AVANZADO + Elverbo:toneed —_- Tiempos verbales: + Need + gerundio + Elacusativo pasado simple, + La voz pasiva + What else...? presente perfecto, + Sinénimos + Vocabulario: bebidas _ presente perfecto + Expresiones con need continuo | + Needn’t + Need como sustantivo + Vocabulario: la pesca PARA TODOS LOS NIVELES, CON S SOPORTES PARA EL APRENDIZAJE: LIBROS, CD ROM, CD AUDIO, MP3 E INTERNET ‘event conus ¢meparte con E. MUNDO EL@MUNDO SIENNA yi 423793 tut) Ill il