Capitulo21estatica 150330204228 Conversion Gate01

PROBLEM 2.
1
Two forces are applied to an eye bolt fastened to a beam. Determine
graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the
parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure:
8.4 kN
19
R
8.4 kN
19
PROBLEM 2.2
The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing that the
tension is 500 N in AB and 160 N in AD, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the stays
at A using (a) the parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
We measure:
51.3 ,
59
(a)
(b)
We measure:
575 N,
67
R
575 N
67
PROBLEM 2.3
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a hook support.
Knowing that P
15 lb and Q
25 lb, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law,
(b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure:
37 lb,
76
R
37 lb
76
PROBLEM 2.4
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point A of a hook support.
Knowing that P
45 lb and Q
15 lb, determine graphically the
magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law,
(b) the triangle rule.
SOLUTION
(a)
(b)
We measure:
61.5 lb,
86.5
R
61.5 lb
86.5
PROBLEM 2.5
Two control rods are attached at A to lever AB. Using trigonometry and
knowing that the force in the left-hand rod is F1
120 N, determine
(a) the required force F2 in the right-hand rod if the resultant R of the
forces exerted by the rods on the lever is to be vertical, (b) the
corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION
Graphically, by the triangle law

We measure:
F2
108 N
77 N
R
sin 38
120
sin
By trigonometry: Law of Sines

F2
sin
90
28
62 ,
180
62
38
80
Then:
F2
sin 62
R
sin 38
120 N
sin80
or (a) F2
107.6 N
(b)
75.0 N
PROBLEM 2.6
Two control rods are attached at A to lever AB. Using trigonometry and
knowing that the force in the right-hand rod is F2
80 N, determine
(a) the required force F1 in the left-hand rod if the resultant R of the
forces exerted by the rods on the lever is to be vertical, (b) the
SOLUTION
Using the Law of Sines

F1
sin
90
10
R
sin 38
80 ,
80
sin
180
80
38
62
Then:
F1
sin80
R
sin 38
80 N
sin 62
or (a) F1
89.2 N
(b) R
55.8 N
PROBLEM 2.7
The 50-lb force is to be resolved into components along lines a-a and
knowing that the
b-b . (a) Using trigonometry, determine the angle
component along a-a is 35 lb. (b) What is the corresponding value of
the component along b-b ?
SOLUTION
Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(a)
sin
35 lb
sin 40
50 lb
sin
0.44995
26.74
Then:
40
180
113.3
(b) Using the Law of Sines:

Fbb
sin
50 lb
sin 40
Fbb
71.5 lb
PROBLEM 2.8
The 50-lb force is to be resolved into components along lines a-a and
knowing that the
b-b . (a) Using trigonometry, determine the angle
component along b-b is 30 lb. (b) What is the corresponding value of
the component along a-a ?
SOLUTION

(a)
sin
30 lb
sin 40
50 lb
sin
0.3857
22.7
(b)
40
180
117.31
Faa
sin
Faa
50 lb
sin 40
50 lb
sin
sin 40
Faa
69.1 lb
PROBLEM 2.9
To steady a sign as it is being lowered, two cables are attached to the sign
at A. Using trigonometry and knowing that
25 , determine (a) the
required magnitude of the force P if the resultant R of the two forces
applied at A is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION

180
Have:
35
25
120
Then:
P
sin 35
R
sin120
360 N
sin 25
or (a) P
489 N
(b) R
738 N
PROBLEM 2.10
To steady a sign as it is being lowered, two cables are attached to the sign
at A. Using trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 300 N,
determine (a) the required angle if the resultant R of the two forces
applied at A is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of R.
SOLUTION

(a) Have:
360 N
sin
300 N
sin 35
sin
0.68829
43.5
(b)
180
35
43.5
101.5
Then:
R
sin101.5
300 N
sin 35
or R
10
513 N

Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using trigonometry
and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine () the required
angle if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the support is to be
horizontal, () the corresponding magnitude of R.
() Have:
20 lb
sin
14 lb
sin 30
sin
0.71428
45.6
()
180
30
45.6
104.4
Then:
sin104.4
14 lb
sin 30
11
27.1 lb

For the hook support of Problem 2.3, using trigonometry and knowing
that the magnitude of P is 25 lb, determine () the required magnitude of
the force Q if the resultant R of the two forces applied at is to be
vertical, () the corresponding magnitude of R.
Problem 2.3: Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point of a
15 lb and
25 lb, determine
hook support. Knowing that
graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using () the
parallelogram law, () the triangle rule.
sin15
() Have:
25 lb
sin 30
()
180
15
12.94 lb
30
135
sin135
Thus:
25 lb
sin135
sin30
25 lb
sin30
35.36 lb
12
35.4 lb

For the hook support of Problem 2.11, determine, using trigonometry,
() the magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for which the
resultant R of the two forces applied to the support is horizontal,
() the corresponding magnitude of R.
Problem 2.11: Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using
trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine
() the required angle if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the
support is to be horizontal, () the corresponding magnitude of R.
() The smallest force P will be perpendicular to R, that is, vertical
20 lb sin30
10 lb
()
10 lb
20 lb cos 30
17.32 lb
13
17.32 lb

As shown in Figure P2.9, two cables are attached to a sign at to steady
the sign as it is being lowered. Using trigonometry, determine () the
magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for which the resultant R
of the two forces applied at is vertical, () the corresponding magnitude
of R.
We observe that force P is minimum when
Then:
is 90 , that is, P is horizontal
()
360 N sin 35
or P
And:
()
206 N
360 N cos 35
or
14
295 N

For the hook support of Problem 2.11, determine, using trigonometry, the
magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces applied to the
support knowing that 10 lb and
40 .
Problem 2.11: Two forces are applied as shown to a hook support. Using
trigonometry and knowing that the magnitude of P is 14 lb, determine
() the required angle if the resultant R of the two forces applied to the
support is to be horizontal, () the corresponding magnitude of R.
Using the force triangle and the Law of Cosines
10 lb
100
400
20 lb
400
2 10 lb 20 lb cos110
0.342 lb 2
636.8 lb 2
25.23 lb
Using now the Law of Sines

10 lb
sin
sin
25.23 lb
sin110
10 lb
sin110
25.23 lb
0.3724
So:
Angle of inclination of ,
21.87
is then such that:
30
8.13
Hence:
15
25.2 lb
8.13

Solve Problem 2.1 using trigonometry
Problem 2.1: Two forces are applied to an eye bolt fastened to a beam.
Determine graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant
using () the parallelogram law, () the triangle rule.
Using the force triangle, the Law of Cosines and the Law of Sines
180
We have:
50
25
105
Then:
4.5 kN
6 kN
2 4.5 kN 6 kN cos105
70.226 kN 2
or
8.3801 kN
8.3801 kN
sin105
Now:
sin
6 kN
sin
6 kN
sin105
8.3801 kN
0.6916
43.756
R
16
8.38 kN
18.76

Problem 2.2: The cable stays and help support pole . Knowing
that the tension is 500 N in and 160 N in , determine graphically
the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the
stays at using () the parallelogram law, () the triangle rule.
From the geometry of the problem:

tan
1 1.5
tan
Now:
180
2
2.5
2.5
38.66
38.66
30.96
30.96
110.38
And, using the Law of Cosines:

2
500 N
160 N
2 500 N 160 N cos110.38
331319 N 2
575.6 N
Using the Law of Sines:

160 N
sin
sin
575.6 N
sin110.38
160 N
sin110.38
575.6 N
0.2606
15.1
90
66.44
R
17
576 N
66.4

Problem 2.3: Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at point of a
15 lb and
25 lb, determine
hook support. Knowing that
graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using () the
parallelogram law, () the triangle rule.
Using the force triangle and the Laws of Cosines and Sines
We have:
180
15
30
135
Then:
15 lb
25 lb
2 15 lb 25 lb cos135
1380.3 lb 2
or
37.15 lb
and
25 lb
sin
sin
37.15 lb
sin135
25 lb
sin135
37.15 lb
0.4758
28.41
Then:
75
180
76.59
R
18
37.2 lb
76.6

Two structural members and are bolted to a bracket as shown.
Knowing that both members are in compression and that the force is
30 kN in member and 20 kN in member , determine, using
trigonometry, the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
applied to the bracket by members and .
180
We have:
Then:
30 kN
45
20 kN
25
110
2 30 kN 20 kN cos110
1710.4 kN 2
41.357 kN
and
20 kN
sin
sin
41.357 kN
sin110
20 kN
sin110
41.357 kN
0.4544
27.028
Hence:
45
72.028
R
19
41.4 kN
72.0

Two structural members and are bolted to a bracket as shown.
Knowing that both members are in compression and that the force is
20 kN in member and 30 kN in member , determine, using
trigonometry, the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
applied to the bracket by members and .
We have:
Then:
180
2
30 kN
45
20 kN
25
110
2 30 kN 20 kN cos110
1710.4 kN2
41.357 kN
and
30 kN
sin
sin
41.357 kN
sin110
30 kN
sin110
41.357 kN
0.6816
42.97
Finally:
45
87.97
R
20
41.4 kN
88.0

Determine the x and y components of each of the forces shown.
20 kN Force:
Fx
20 kN cos 40 ,
Fx
15.32 kN
Fy
20 kN sin 40 ,
Fy
12.86 kN
Fx
30 kN cos 70 ,
Fy
30 kN sin 70 ,
Fx
42 kN cos 20 ,
Fx
39.5 kN
Fy
42 kN sin 20 ,
Fy
14.36 kN
30 kN Force:
Fx
10.26 kN
Fy
28.2 kN
42 kN Force:
21

40 lb Force:
Fx
40 lb sin 50 ,
Fx
30.6 lb
Fy
40 lb cos 50 ,
Fy
25.7 lb
Fx
60 lb cos 60 ,
Fy
60 lb sin 60 ,
Fx
80 lb cos 25 ,
Fx
72.5 lb
Fy
80 lb sin 25 ,
Fy
33.8 lb
60 lb Force:
Fx
Fy
30.0 lb
52.0 lb
80 lb Force:
22

We compute the following distances:

OA
48
OB
56
OC
80
90
90
60
102 in.
106 in.
100 in.
Then:
204 lb Force:
Fx
102 lb
48
,
102
Fy
102 lb
90
,
102
Fx
212 lb
56
,
106
Fx
112.0 lb
Fy
212 lb
90
,
106
Fy
180.0 lb
Fx
400 lb
80
,
100
Fx
320 lb
Fy
400 lb
60
,
100
Fy
240 lb
Fx
Fy
48.0 lb
90.0 lb
212 lb Force:
400 lb Force:
23

We compute the following distances:

2
OA
70
OB
210
OC
120
240
2
200
225
250 mm
2
290 mm
255 mm
500 N Force:
Fx
500 N
70
250
Fy
500 N
240
250
Fy
480 N
Fx
435 N
210
290
Fx
315 N
Fy
435 N
200
290
Fy
300 N
Fx
510 N
120
255
Fx
240 N
Fy
510 N
225
255
Fx
140.0 N
435 N Force:
510 N Force:
24
Fy
450 N

While emptying a wheelbarrow, a gardener exerts on each handle AB a
force P directed along line CD. Knowing that P must have a 135-N
horizontal component, determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its
vertical component.
(a)
Px
cos 40
135 N
cos 40
(b)
Py
Px tan 40
or P
176.2 N
or Py
113.3 N
P sin 40
135 N tan 40
25
PROBLEM 2.26
Member BD exerts on member ABC a force P directed along line BD.
Knowing that P must have a 960-N vertical component, determine (a) the
magnitude of the force P, (b) its horizontal component.
SOLUTION
(a)
Py
sin35
960 N
sin35
(b)
Px
or P
1674 N
or Px
1371 N
Py
tan 35
960 N
tan 35
26
PROBLEM 2.27
Member CB of the vise shown exerts on block B a force P directed along
line CB. Knowing that P must have a 260-lb horizontal component,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its vertical component.
SOLUTION
We note:
CB exerts force P on B along CB, and the horizontal component of P is Px
260 lb.
Then:
(a)
Px
P sin 50
Px
sin50
260 lb
sin50
339.4 lb
(b)
Px
Py tan 50
Py
Px
tan 50
339 lb
260 lb
tan 50
218.2 lb
27
Py
218 lb
PROBLEM 2.28
Activator rod AB exerts on crank BCD a force P directed along line AB.
Knowing that P must have a 25-lb component perpendicular to arm BC of
the crank, determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component
along line BC.
SOLUTION
Using the x and y axes shown.

(a)
Py
Then:
25 lb
Py
sin 75
25 lb
sin 75
(b)
Px
or P
25.9 lb
or Px
6.70 lb
Py
tan 75
25 lb
tan 75
28
PROBLEM 2.29
The guy wire BD exerts on the telephone pole AC a force P directed
along BD. Knowing that P has a 450-N component along line AC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component in a
direction perpendicular to AC.
SOLUTION
Note that the force exerted by BD on the pole is directed along BD, and the component of P along AC
is 450 N.
Then:
(a)
(b)
Px
450 N
cos 35
549.3 N
P
549 N
Px
315 N
450 N tan 35
315.1 N
29
PROBLEM 2.30
The guy wire BD exerts on the telephone pole AC a force P directed
along BD. Knowing that P has a 200-N perpendicular to the pole AC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its component along
line AC.
SOLUTION
(a)
Px
sin38
200 N
sin38
324.8 N
(b)
Py
or P
325 N
or Py
256 N
Px
tan 38
200 N
tan 38
255.98 N
30
PROBLEM 2.31
Determine the resultant of the three forces of Problem 2.24.
Problem 2.24: Determine the x and y components of each of the forces
shown.
SOLUTION
From Problem 2.24:

F500
140 N i
480 N j
F425
315 N i
300 N j
F510
240 N i
450 N j
415 N i
330 N j
Then:
tan
415 N
Thus:
1 330
415
330 N
38.5
2
530.2 N
R
31
530 N
38.5
PROBLEM 2.32
shown.
SOLUTION
From Problem 2.21:

F20
15.32 kN i
12.86 kN j
F30
10.26 kN i
28.2 kN j
F42
39.5 kN i
14.36 kN j
34.44 kN i
55.42 kN j
Then:
1
tan
55.42 kN
55.42
34.44
58.1
34.44 N
65.2 kN
R
32
65.2 kN
58.2
PROBLEM 2.33
shown.
SOLUTION
The components of the forces were determined in 2.23.
Force
x comp. (lb)
y comp. (lb)
40 lb
30.6
25.7
60 lb
30
51.96
80 lb
72.5
33.8
Rx
71.9
Rxi
Ry j
71.9 lb i
Ry
43.86
43.86 lb j
43.86
71.9
tan
31.38
R
71.9 lb
43.86 lb
84.23 lb
R
33
84.2 lb
31.4
PROBLEM 2.34
shown.
SOLUTION
The components of the forces were
determined in Problem 2.23.
F204
48.0 lb i
F212
90.0 lb j
112.0 lb i
180.0 lb j
320 lb i
F400
240 lb j
Thus
R
R
Rx
Ry
256 lb i
30.0 lb j
Now:
30.0
256
tan
tan
1 30.0
256
6.68
and
R
256 lb
30.0 lb
257.75 lb
R
34
258 lb
6.68
PROBLEM 2.35
Knowing that
shown.
35 , determine the resultant of the three forces
SOLUTION
300-N Force:
Fx
300 N cos 20
281.9 N
Fy
300 N sin 20
102.6 N
Fx
400 N cos 55
229.4 N
Fy
400 N sin 55
327.7 N
Fx
600 N cos 35
491.5 N
400-N Force:
600-N Force:
Fy
600 N sin 35
344.1 N
and
Rx
Fx
Ry
R
1002.8 N
Fy
2
1002.8 N
86.2 N
86.2 N
1006.5 N
Further:
86.2
1002.8
tan
tan
86.2
1002.8
4.91
R
35
1007 N
4.91
PROBLEM 2.36
Knowing that
shown.
SOLUTION
300-N Force:
Fx
300 N cos 20
281.9 N
Fy
300 N sin 20
102.6 N
Fx
400 N cos85
34.9 N
Fy
400 N sin85
398.5 N
Fx
600 N cos 5
597.7 N
400-N Force:
600-N Force:
Fy
600 N sin 5
52.3 N
and
Rx
Fx
914.5 N
Ry
Fy
448.8 N
914.5 N
448.8 N
1018.7 N
Further:
448.8
914.5
tan
tan
448.8
914.5
26.1
R
36
1019 N
26.1
PROBLEM 2.37
Knowing that the tension in cable BC is 145 lb, determine the resultant of
the three forces exerted at point B of beam AB.
SOLUTION
Cable BC Force:
Fx
Fy
145 lb
84
116
145 lb
80
116
100 lb
105 lb
100-lb Force:
Fx
100 lb
3
5
60 lb
Fy
100 lb
4
5
80 lb
156 lb
12
13
144 lb
156 lb
5
13
156-lb Force:
Fx
Fy
60 lb
and
Rx
R
Fx
21 lb,
21 lb
Ry
Fy
40 lb
40 lb
45.177 lb
Further:
40
21
tan
tan
Thus:
40
21
62.3
R
37
45.2 lb
62.3
PROBLEM 2.38
Knowing that
shown.
SOLUTION
The resultant force R has the x- and y-components:
Rx
Fx
140 lb cos50
Rx
7.6264 lb
Ry
Fy
60 lb cos 85
160 lb cos50
60 lb sin85
160 lb sin 50
and
Ry
140 lb sin 50
289.59 lb
Further:
290
7.6
tan
tan
Thus:
290
7.6
88.5
R
38
290 lb
88.5
PROBLEM 2.39
Determine (a) the required value of if the resultant of the three forces
shown is to be vertical, (b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
SOLUTION
For an arbitrary angle
, we have:
Rx
Fx
140 lb cos
60 lb cos
35
160 lb cos
(a) So, for R to be vertical:

Rx
Fx
140 lb cos
60 lb cos
35
160 lb cos
Expanding,
cos
3 cos cos 35
sin sin 35
Then:
cos35
tan
1
3
sin35
or
tan
cos35
sin35
1
3
40.265
40.3
(b) Now:
R
Ry
Fy
140 lb sin 40.265
60 lb sin 75.265
160 lb sin 40.265

R
39
252 lb
PROBLEM 2.40
For the beam of Problem 2.37, determine (a) the required tension in cable
BC if the resultant of the three forces exerted at point B is to be vertical,
(b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
Problem 2.37: Knowing that the tension in cable BC is 145 lb, determine
the resultant of the three forces exerted at point B of beam AB.
SOLUTION
We have:
Rx
84
T
116 BC
Fx
or
Rx
12
156 lb
13
0.724TBC
3
100 lb
5
84 lb
and
Ry
Ry
80
T
116 BC
Fy
0.6897TBC
5
156 lb
13
4
100 lb
5
140 lb
(a) So, for R to be vertical,

Rx
0.724T BC
84 lb
0
TBC
116.0 lb
(b) Using
TBC
R
Ry
116.0 lb
0.6897 116.0 lb
140 lb
60 lb
R
40
60.0 lb
PROBLEM 2.41
Boom AB is held in the position shown by three cables. Knowing that the
tensions in cables AC and AD are 4 kN and 5.2 kN, respectively,
determine (a) the tension in cable AE if the resultant of the tensions
exerted at point A of the boom must be directed along AB,
(b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
SOLUTION
Choose x-axis along bar AB.

Then
(a) Require
Ry
Fy
0:
4 kN cos 25
or
(b)
TAE
5.2 kN sin 35
TAE sin 65
7.2909 kN
TAE
7.29 kN
9.03 kN
Fx
4 kN sin 25
5.2 kN cos 35
7.2909 kN cos 65
9.03 kN
41
PROBLEM 2.42
For the block of Problems 2.35 and 2.36, determine (a) the required value
of of the resultant of the three forces shown is to be parallel to the
incline, (b) the corresponding magnitude of the resultant.
Problem 2.35: Knowing that
three forces shown.
35 , determine the resultant of the
Problem 2.36: Knowing that

three forces shown.
65 , determine the resultant of the
SOLUTION
Selecting the x axis along aa , we write
(a) Setting Ry
Rx
Fx
Ry
Fy
300 N
400 N cos
400 N sin
600 N sin
(1)
600 N cos
(2)
0 in Equation (2):
Thus
tan
600
400
1.5
56.3
(b) Substituting for
in Equation (1):
Rx
300 N
Rx
1021.1 N
400 N cos 56.3
600 N sin56.3
42
Rx
1021 N
PROBLEM 2.43
Two cables are tied together at C and are loaded as shown. Determine the
tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
From the geometry, we calculate the distances:

AC
16 in.
BC
20 in.
12 in.
21 in.
20 in.
29 in.
Then, from the Free Body Diagram of point C:
or
and
or
16
T
20 AC
0:
Fx
29
21
TBC
Fy
12
TAC
20
0:
Hence:
TAC
4
T
5 AC
12
T AC
20
20 29
29 21
21
T
29 BC
20
TBC
29
4
TAC
5
600 lb
600 lb
0
0
440.56 lb
(a)
TAC
441 lb
(b)
TBC
487 lb
43
PROBLEM 2.44
Knowing that
rope BC.
25 , determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
TAC
sin115
TBC
sin5
(a)
TAC
5 kN
sin115
sin 60
(b)
TBC
5 kN
sin 5
sin 60
5 kN
sin 60
5.23 kN
0.503 kN
44
TAC
TBC
5.23 kN
0.503 kN
PROBLEM 2.45
Knowing that
50 and that boom AC exerts on pin C a force
directed long line AC, determine (a) the magnitude of that force, (b) the
tension in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
FAC
sin 25
TBC
sin 60
400 lb
sin 95
(a)
FAC
400 lb
sin 25
sin95
169.69 lb
(b)
TBC
400
sin 60
sin95
347.73 lb
45
FAC
TBC
169.7 lb
348 lb
PROBLEM 2.46
Two cables are tied together at C and are loaded as shown. Knowing that
30 , determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Force Triangle
Law of Sines:
TAC
sin 60
TBC
sin 55
2943 N
sin 65
(a)
TAC
2943 N
sin 60
sin 65
2812.19 N
TAC
2.81 kN
(b)
TBC
2943 N
sin 55
sin 65
2659.98 N
TBC
2.66 kN
46
PROBLEM 2.47
A chairlift has been stopped in the position shown. Knowing that each
chair weighs 300 N and that the skier in chair E weighs 890 N, determine
that weight of the skier in chair F.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Point B
In the free-body diagram of point B, the geometry gives:

tan
AB
tan
BC
9.9
16.8
30.51
12
28.8
22.61
Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle
TBC
sin59.49
TBC
Free-Body Diagram Point C
1190 N
sin 7.87
7468.6 N
In the free-body diagram of point C (with W the sum of weights of chair

and skier) the geometry gives:
CD
tan
1 1.32
7.2
10.39
Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle
W
sin12.23
W
Finally, the skier weight
7468.6 N
sin100.39
1608.5 N
1608.5 N
300 N
1308.5 N
skier weight
47
1309 N
PROBLEM 2.48
A chairlift has been stopped in the position shown. Knowing that each
chair weighs 300 N and that the skier in chair F weighs 800 N, determine
the weight of the skier in chair E.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram Point F
In the free-body diagram of point F, the geometry gives:

EF
tan
DF
tan
12
28.8
1 1.32
7.2
22.62
10.39
Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Force Triangle
TEF
sin100.39
1100 N
sin12.23
TBC
Free-Body Diagram Point E
5107.5 N
In the free-body diagram of point E (with W the sum of weights of chair

and skier) the geometry gives:
tan
AE
9.9
16.8
30.51
Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

W
sin 7.89
Force Triangle
W
Finally, the skier weight
813.8 N
5107.5 N
sin 59.49
813.8 N
300 N
513.8 N
skier weight
48
514 N
PROBLEM 2.49
Four wooden members are joined with metal plate connectors and are in
equilibrium under the action of the four fences shown. Knowing that
FA 510 lb and FB 480 lb, determine the magnitudes of the other two
forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Resolving the forces into x and y components:

Fx
Fy
0: FC
0: FD
510 lb sin15
510 lb cos15
49
480 lb cos15
480 lb sin15
0
or FC
332 lb
or FD
368 lb
PROBLEM 2.50
Four wooden members are joined with metal plate connectors and are in
equilibrium under the action of the four fences shown. Knowing that
FA 420 lb and FC 540 lb, determine the magnitudes of the other two
forces.
SOLUTION
Resolving the forces into x and y components:

Fx
0:
FB cos15
Fy
540 lb
0: FD
420 lb cos15
420 lb cos15
or
671.6 lb sin15
50
FB
671.6 lb
FB
672 lb
or FD
232 lb
PROBLEM 2.51
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown to an aircraft connection.
Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium and the P
400 lb and
Q
520 lb, determine the magnitudes of the forces exerted on the rods
A and B.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Resolving the forces into x and y directions:

R
FA
FB
Substituting components:
R
400 lb j
FB i
520 lb cos 55 i
FA cos55 i
520 lb sin 55 j
FA sin55 j
In the y-direction (one unknown force)

400 lb
520 lb sin55
FA sin 55
Thus,
FA
400 lb
520 lb sin 55
sin55
1008.3 lb
FA
1008 lb
In the x-direction:
520 lb cos 55
FB
FA cos55
Thus,
FB
FA cos 55
520 lb cos 55
1008.3 lb cos 55
520 lb cos 55
280.08 lb
FB
51
280 lb
PROBLEM 2.52
Two forces P and Q are applied as shown to an aircraft connection.
Knowing that the connection is in equilibrium and that the magnitudes of
the forces exerted on rods A and B are FA
600 lb and FB
320 lb,
determine the magnitudes of P and Q.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
Resolving the forces into x and y directions:

R
FA
FB
Substituting components:
R
320 lb i
Pi
600 lb cos 55 i
Q cos55 i
Q sin 55 j
600 lb sin55
In the x-direction (one unknown force)

320 lb
600 lb cos 55
Q cos 55
Thus,
Q
320 lb
600 lb cos 55
cos 55
42.09 lb
Q
42.1 lb
457 lb
In the y-direction:
600 lb sin 55
Q sin 55
Thus,
P
600 lb sin 55
52
Q sin 55
457.01 lb
PROBLEM 2.53
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that
W 840 N, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
From geometry:
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CB are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CA are in the ratio 3:4:5.
Thus:
Fx
3
TCA
5
0:
15
TCB
17
15
680 N
17
or
1
TCA
5
5
TCB
17
200 N
(1)
and
Fy
0:
4
TCA
5
8
TCB
17
8
680 N
17
840 N
or
1
TCA
5
2
TCB
17
290 N
(2)
Solving Equations (1) and (2) simultaneously:

TCA
(a)
TCB
(b)
53
750 N
1190 N
PROBLEM 2.54
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Determine the range
of values of W for which the tension will not exceed 1050 N in either
cable.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
From geometry:
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CB are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse CA are in the ratio 3:4:5.
Thus:
Fx
3
T
5 CA
0:
15
T
17 CB
15
680 N
17
or
1
T
5 CA
5
T
17 CB
200 N
4
TCA
5
8
TCB
17
8
680 N
17
(1)
and
Fy
0:
or
1
TCA
5
2
TCB
17
1
W
4
80 N
(2)
Then, from Equations (1) and (2)
Now, with T
TCB
680 N
TCA
25
W
28
17
W
28
1050 N
TCA : TCA
W
or
1050 N
25
W
28
1176 N
and
TCB : TCB
or
54
1050 N
609 N
680 N
17
W
28
0
609 N
PROBLEM 2.55
The cabin of an aerial tramway is suspended from a set of wheels that can
roll freely on the support cable ACB and is being pulled at a constant
speed by cable DE. Knowing that
40 and
35 , that the
combined weight of the cabin, its support system, and its passengers is
24.8 kN, and assuming the tension in cable DF to be negligible,
determine the tension (a) in the support cable ACB, (b) in the traction
cable DE.
SOLUTION
Note: In Problems 2.55 and 2.56 the cabin is considered as a particle. If
considered as a rigid body (Chapter 4) it would be found that its center of
gravity should be located to the left of the centerline for the line CD to be
vertical.
Now
Fx
0: TACB cos 35
cos 40
TDE cos 40
or
0.0531TACB
0.766TDE
(1)
and
Fy
0: TACB sin 40
sin 35
TDE sin 40
24.8 kN
or
0.0692TACB
0.643TDE
24.8 kN
(2)
From (1)
TACB
14.426TDE
Then, from (2)

0.0692 14.426TDE
0.643TDE
24.8 kN
and
55
(b) TDE
15.1 kN
(a) TACB
218 kN
PROBLEM 2.56
The cabin of an aerial tramway is suspended from a set of wheels that can
roll freely on the support cable ACB and is being pulled at a constant
speed by cable DE. Knowing that
42 and
32 , that the tension
in cable DE is 20 kN, and assuming the tension in cable DF to be
negligible, determine (a) the combined weight of the cabin, its support
system, and its passengers, (b) the tension in the support cable ACB.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram
First, consider the sum of forces in the x-direction because there is only one unknown force:
Fx
0: TACB cos 32
cos 42
20 kN cos 42
or
0.1049TACB
14.863 kN
(b) TACB
141.7 kN
Now
Fy
0: TACB sin 42
sin 32
20 kN sin 42
or
141.7 kN 0.1392
20 kN 0.6691
0
(a) W
56
33.1 kN
PROBLEM 2.57
A block of weight W is suspended from a 500-mm long cord and two
springs of which the unstretched lengths are 450 mm. Knowing that the
constants of the springs are kAB
1500 N/m and kAD
500 N/m,
determine (a) the tension in the cord, (b) the weight of the block.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram At A
First note from geometry:

The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AD are in the ratio 8:15:17.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AB are in the ratio 3:4:5.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AC are in the ratio 7:24:25.
Then:
FAB
k AB LAB
Lo
and
LAB
0.44 m
0.33 m
0.55 m
So:
FAB
1500 N/m 0.55 m
0.45 m
150 N
Similarly,
FAD
k AD L AD
Lo
Then:
L AD
FAD
0.66 m
0.32 m
1500 N/m 0.68 m
0.68 m
0.45 m
115 N
(a)
Fx
0:
4
150 N
5
7
TAC
25
15
115 N
17
or
TAC
57
66.18 N
TAC
66.2 N
PROBLEM 2.57 CONTINUED

(b) and
Fy
0:
3
150 N
5
24
66.18 N
25
8
115 N
17
or W
58
0
208 N
PROBLEM 2.58
A load of weight 400 N is suspended from a spring and two cords which
are attached to blocks of weights 3W and W as shown. Knowing that the
constant of the spring is 800 N/m, determine (a) the value of W, (b) the
unstretched length of the spring.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram At A
First note from geometry:

The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AD are in the ratio 12:35:37.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AC are in the ratio 3:4:5.
The sides of the triangle with hypotenuse AB are also in the ratio
12:35:37.
Then:
Fx
4
3W
5
0:
35
W
37
12
F
37 s
or
Fs
4.4833W
and
Fy
0:
3
3W
5
12
W
37
35
F
37 s
400 N
Then:
3
3W
5
12
W
37
35
4.4833W
37
400 N
or
W
62.841 N
and
Fs
281.74 N
or
W
(a)
59
62.8 N

(b) Have spring force
Fs
k LAB
Lo
Where
FAB
k AB LAB
Lo
and
LAB
0.360 m
1.050 m
1.110 m
So:
281.74 N
800 N/m 1.110
L0 m
or L0
60
758 mm
PROBLEM 2.59
For the cables and loading of Problem 2.46, determine (a) the value of
for which the tension in cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the
corresponding value of the tension.
SOLUTION
The smallest TBC is when TBC is perpendicular to the direction of TAC
Free-Body Diagram At C
Force Triangle
(a)
(b)
55.0
TBC
2943 N sin 55
2410.8 N
TBC
61
2.41 kN
PROBLEM 2.60
Knowing that portions AC and BC of cable ACB must be equal, determine
the shortest length of cable which can be used to support the load shown
if the tension in the cable is not to exceed 725 N.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: C
For T 725 N
Fy
0: 2Ty
Ty
Tx2
Tx2
1000 N
500 N
T y2
500 N
Tx
T2
725 N
525 N
By similar triangles:
BC
725
BC
L
2 BC
1.5 m
525
2.07 m
4.14 m
L
62
4.14 m
PROBLEM 2.61
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that the
maximum allowable tension in each cable is 200 lb, determine (a) the
magnitude of the largest force P which may be applied at C, (b) the
corresponding value of .
SOLUTION
Force Triangle
Force triangle is isoceles with

2
180
85
47.5
(a)
P
Since P
(b)
2 200 lb cos 47.5
0, the solution is correct.

180
270 lb
P
55
63
47.5
77.5
270 lb
77.5
PROBLEM 2.62
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that the
maximum allowable tension is 300 lb in cable AC and 150 lb in cable BC,
determine (a) the magnitude of the largest force P which may be applied
at C, (b) the corresponding value of .
SOLUTION
Force Triangle
(a) Law of Cosines:
Since P
P2
300 lb
323.5 lb
150 lb
2 300 lb 150 lb cos85
300 lb, our solution is correct.
324 lb
(b) Law of Sines:

sin
300
sin 85
323.5
sin
0.9238
or
67.49
180
55
67.49
57.5
57.5
64
PROBLEM 2.63
For the structure and loading of Problem 2.45, determine (a) the value of
for which the tension in cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the
corresponding value of the tension.
SOLUTION
TBC must be perpendicular to FAC to be as small as possible.
Force Triangle is
a right triangle
(a) We observe:
(b)
55
TBC
or
TBC
65
55
400 lb sin 60
346.4 lb
TBC
346 lb
PROBLEM 2.64
Boom AB is supported by cable BC and a hinge at A. Knowing that the
boom exerts on pin B a force directed along the boom and that the tension
in rope BD is 70 lb, determine (a) the value of for which the tension in
cable BC is as small as possible, (b) the corresponding value of the
tension.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: B
(a) Have:
TBD
FAB
TBC
where magnitude and direction of TBD are known, and the direction
of FAB is known.
Then, in a force triangle:

By observation, TBC is minimum when
(b) Have
TBC
70 lb sin 180
90.0
70
30
68.93 lb
TBC
66
68.9 lb
PROBLEM 2.65
Collar A shown in Figure P2.65 and P2.66 can slide on a frictionless
vertical rod and is attached as shown to a spring. The constant of the
spring is 660 N/m, and the spring is unstretched when h
300 mm.
Knowing that the system is in equilibrium when h
400 mm, determine
the weight of the collar.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Collar A
Have:
Fs
k LAB
LAB
where:
LAB
0.3 m
0.4 m
LAB
0.3 2 m
0.5 m
Then:
Fs
660 N/m 0.5
0.3 2 m
49.986 N
For the collar:
Fy
0:
4
49.986 N
5
0
or W
67
40.0 N
PROBLEM 2.66
The 40-N collar A can slide on a frictionless vertical rod and is attached
as shown to a spring. The spring is unstretched when h
300 mm.
Knowing that the constant of the spring is 560 N/m, determine the value
of h for which the system is in equilibrium.
SOLUTION
Fy
Free-Body Diagram: Collar A
0:
h2
40 0.09
h2
0.3
hFs
or
Now..
Fs
where
LAB
Then:
h 560
or
14h
0.3
0.09
k L AB
2
0.09
LAB
0.3 2
h2
LAB
h2 m
h2
Fs
4.2 2 h
0.3 2 m
h2
40 0.09
h m
Solving numerically,
h
68
415 mm
PROBLEM 2.67
A 280-kg crate is supported by several rope-and-pulley arrangements as
shown. Determine for each arrangement the tension in the rope. (Hint:
The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a simple pulley. This
can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of pulley
Fy
(a)
0: 2T
T
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
1
2746.8 N
2
T
(b)
Fy
0: 2T
T
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
1
2746.8 N
2
T
(c)
Fy
0: 3T
T
(d)
Fy
0: 3T
T
Fy
(e)
0: 4T
T
69
1373 N
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
1373 N
1
2746.8 N
3
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
916 N
916 N
687 N
1
2746.8 N
3
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
1
2746.8 N
4
PROBLEM 2.68
Solve parts b and d of Problem 2.67 assuming that the free end of the
rope is attached to the crate.
Problem 2.67: A 280-kg crate is supported by several rope-and-pulley
arrangements as shown. Determine for each arrangement the tension in
the rope. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a
simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of pulley
and crate
(b)
Fy
0: 3T
T
280 kg 9.81 m/s2
1
2746.8 N
3
T
916 N
(d)
Fy
0: 4T
T
280 kg 9.81 m/s 2
1
2746.8 N
4
T
70
687 N
PROBLEM 2.69
A 350-lb load is supported by the rope-and-pulley arrangement shown.
Knowing that
25 , determine the magnitude and direction of the
force P which should be exerted on the free end of the rope to maintain
equilibrium. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each side of a
simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley A
Fx
0: 2P sin 25
P cos
and
cos
0.8452
For
or
32.3
32.3
Fy
0: 2 P cos 25
P sin 32.3
or P
For
350 lb
149.1 lb
32.3
32.3
Fy
0: 2 P cos 25
P sin 32.3
or P
71
350 lb
274 lb
0
32.3
PROBLEM 2.70
A 350-lb load is supported by the rope-and-pulley arrangement shown.
Knowing that
35 , determine (a) the angle , (b) the magnitude of
the force P which should be exerted on the free end of the rope to
maintain equilibrium. (Hint: The tension in the rope is the same on each
side of a simple pulley. This can be proved by the methods of Chapter 4.)
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley A
Fx
0: 2 P sin
P cos 25
Hence:
(a)
sin
1
cos 25
2
(b)
Fy
0: 2P cos
or
P sin 35
350 lb
24.2
0
Hence:
2 P cos 24.2
or
72
P sin 35
145.97 lb
350 lb
0
P
146.0 lb
PROBLEM 2.71
A load Q is applied to the pulley C, which can roll on the cable ACB. The
pulley is held in the position shown by a second cable CAD, which passes
over the pulley A and supports a load P. Knowing that P
800 N,
determine (a) the tension in cable ACB, (b) the magnitude of load Q.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
(a)
Fx
0: TACB cos 30
Hence
TACB
cos 50
800 N cos 50
2303.5 N
TACB
(b)
Fy
0: TACB sin 30
2303.5 N sin 30
or
sin 50
Q
73
sin50
800 N sin 50
800 N sin 50
3529.2 N
2.30 kN
0
Q
3.53 kN
PROBLEM 2.72
A 2000-N load Q is applied to the pulley C, which can roll on the cable
ACB. The pulley is held in the position shown by a second cable CAD,
which passes over the pulley A and supports a load P. Determine (a) the
tension in the cable ACB, (b) the magnitude of load P.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram: Pulley C
Fx
0: TACB cos 30
or
P
Fy
or
cos50
P cos50
0.3473TACB
0: TACB sin 30
1.266TACB
sin 50
0.766P
(1)
P sin 50
2000 N
2000 N
(2)
(a) Substitute Equation (1) into Equation (2):

1.266TACB
Hence:
0.766 0.3473TACB
TACB
2000 N
1305.5 N
TACB
1306 N
(b) Using (1)

P
0.3473 1306 N
453.57 N
P
74
454 N
PROBLEM 2.73
Determine (a) the x, y, and z components of the 200-lb force, (b) the
angles x, y, and z that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
200 lb cos30 cos 25
Fy
Fz
200 lb sin30
200 lb cos30 sin 25
156.98 lb
Fx
157.0 lb
Fy
100.0 lb
100.0 lb
73.1996 lb
Fz
(b)
cos
cos
cos
75
73.2 lb
156.98
200
or
38.3
100.0
200
or
60.0
73.1996
200
or
111.5
PROBLEM 2.74
Determine (a) the x, y, and z components of the 420-lb force, (b) the
angles x, y, and z that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
420 lb sin 20 sin 70
134.985 lb
Fx
Fy
Fz
(b)
420 lb cos 20
394.67 lb
420 lb sin 20 cos 70
cos
135.0 lb
Fy
395 lb
Fz
49.1 lb
49.131 lb
134.985
420
108.7
cos
cos
394.67
420
y
20.0
83.3
49.131
420
76
PROBLEM 2.75
To stabilize a tree partially uprooted in a storm, cables AB and AC are
attached to the upper trunk of the tree and then are fastened to steel rods
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 4.2 kN,
determine (a) the components of the force exerted by this cable on the
tree, (b) the angles x, y, and z that the force forms with axes at A which
are parallel to the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
Fy
Fz
(b)
4.2 kN sin 50 cos 40
4.2 kN cos 50
Fx
2.46 kN
Fy
2.70 kN
Fz
2.07 kN
2.6997 kN
4.2 kN sin 50 sin 40
cos
2.4647 kN
2.0681 kN
2.4647
4.2
x
77
54.1

cos
2.7
4.2
130.0
cos
2.0681
4.0
z
78
60.5
PROBLEM 2.76
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in cable AC is 3.6 kN,
determine (a) the components of the force exerted by this cable on the
tree, (b) the angles x, y, and z that the force forms with axes at A which
are parallel to the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
3.6 kN cos 45 sin 25
1.0758 kN
Fx
Fy
Fz
(b)
3.6 kN sin 45
3.6 kN cos 45 cos 25
cos
1.076 kN
2.546 kN
Fy
2.55 kN
Fz
2.31 kN
2.3071 kN
1.0758
3.6
x
79
107.4

cos
2.546
3.6
135.0
cos
2.3071
3.6
z
80
50.1
PROBLEM 2.77
A horizontal circular plate is suspended as shown from three wires which
are attached to a support at D and form 30 angles with the vertical.
Knowing that the x component of the force exerted by wire AD on the
plate is 220.6 N, determine (a) the tension in wire AD, (b) the angles x,
y, and z that the force exerted at A forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
F sin 30 sin 50
220.6 N (Given)
220.6 N
sin30 sin50
575.95 N
F
(b)
cos
Fy
cos
Fz
220.6
575.95
Fx
F
F cos 30
Fy
576 N
0.3830
67.5
30.0
498.79 N
498.79
575.95
0.86605
F sin30 cos50
575.95 N sin 30 cos 50
185.107 N
cos
Fz
F
185.107
575.95
0.32139
z
81
108.7
PROBLEM 2.78
Knowing that the z component of the force exerted by wire BD on the
plate is 64.28 N, determine (a) the tension in wire BD, (b) the angles x,
y, and z that the force exerted at B forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fz
64.28 N (Given)
F sin 30 sin 40
64.28 N
sin30 sin40
F
(b)
Fx
200.0 N
200 N
F sin 30 cos 40
200.0 N sin 30 cos 40
76.604 N
cos
Fy
cos
cos
76.604
200.0
Fx
F
F cos 30
Fy
y
0.38302
112.5
173.2 N
173.2
200
Fz
64.28 N
Fz
F
64.28
200
0.866
0.3214
82
30.0
108.7
PROBLEM 2.79
Knowing that the tension in wire CD is 120 lb, determine (a) the
components of the force exerted by this wire on the plate, (b) the angles
x, y, and z that the force forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
30 lb
Fx
Fy
120 lb cos30
30.0 lb
103.92 lb
Fy
Fz
120 lb sin30 sin 60
103.9 lb
51.96 lb
Fz
(b)
cos
30.0
120
Fx
F
52.0 lb
0.25
104.5
cos
cos
Fy
y
Fz
F
83
103.92
120
51.96
120
0.866
30.0
64.3
0.433
PROBLEM 2.80
Knowing that the x component of the forces exerted by wire CD on the
plate is 40 lb, determine (a) the tension in wire CD, (b) the angles x, y,
and z that the force exerted at C forms with the coordinate axes.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fx
40 lb (Given)
F sin 30 cos 60
40 lb
sin30 cos60
160 lb
F
(b)
cos
Fx
F
40
160
160.0 lb
0.25
104.5
Fy
cos
Fz
160 lb cos30
Fy
y
103.92 lb
103.92
160
0.866

cos
Fz
F
69.282
160
84
30.0
64.3
69.282 lb
0.433
PROBLEM 2.81
Determine
the
magnitude
and
F
800 lb i
260 lb j 320 lb k .
direction
of
the
force
SOLUTION
F
Fx2
Fy2
Fz2
800 lb
cos
cos
cos
260 lb
320 lb
900 lb
Fx
F
800
900
0.8889
27.3
Fy
260
900
0.2889
73.2
F
Fz
F
85
320
900
0.3555
110.8
PROBLEM 2.82
Determine
the
magnitude
and
direction
F
400 N i 1200 N j 300 N k.
of
the
force
SOLUTION
F
Fx2
Fy2
Fz2
400 N
cos
cos
Fx
F
Fy
cos
F
z
Fz
F
400
1300
1200
1300
300
1300
1200 N
300 N
1300 N
0.30769
0.92307
0.23076
86
72.1
157.4
76.7
PROBLEM 2.83
A force acts at the origin of a coordinate system in a direction defined by
the angles x
64.5 and z
55.9 . Knowing that the y component of
the force is 200 N, determine (a) the angle y, (b) the other components
and the magnitude of the force.
SOLUTION
(a) We have
cos
Since Fy
cos
0 we must have cos
cos
cos
2
y
cos
2
y
cos
2
z
Thus, taking the negative square root, from above, we have:

cos
cos 64.5
cos 55.9
0.70735
135.0
(b) Then:
F
and
Fy
cos
200 N
0.70735
282.73 N
Fx
F cos
282.73 N cos 64.5
Fx
121.7 N
Fz
F cos
282.73 N cos 55.9
Fy
158.5 N
F
87
283 N
PROBLEM 2.84
A force acts at the origin of a coordinate system in a direction defined by
the angles x 75.4 and y 132.6 . Knowing that the z component of
the force is 60 N, determine (a) the angle z, (b) the other components
and the magnitude of the force.
SOLUTION
(a) We have
cos
Since Fz
cos
0 we must have cos
cos
cos
2
y
cos
2
y
cos
2
z
Thus, taking the negative square root, from above, we have:

cos
cos 75.4
cos132.6
0.69159
133.8
(b) Then:
F
and
Fz
cos
60 N
0.69159
Fx
F cos
Fy
F cos
86.757 N
86.8 N cos 75.4
86.8 N cos132.6
88
86.8 N
Fx
21.9 N
Fy
58.8 N
PROBLEM 2.85
A force F of magnitude 400 N acts at the origin of a coordinate system.
Knowing that x
28.5 , Fy
80 N, and Fz
0, determine (a) the
components Fx and Fz, (b) the angles y and z.
SOLUTION
(a) Have
Fx
F cos
400 N cos 28.5
Fx
351.5 N
Fz
173.3 N
Then:
F2
400 N
So:
Fx2
Fy2
352.5 N
Fz2
2
80 N
Fz2
Hence:
Fz
400 N
351.5 N
80 N
(b)
cos
cos
Fy
y
F
Fz
F
89
80
400
173.3
400
0.20
0.43325
101.5
64.3
PROBLEM 2.86
A force F of magnitude 600 lb acts at the origin of a coordinate system.
Knowing that Fx
200 lb, z
136.8 , Fy
0, determine (a) the
components Fy and Fz, (b) the angles x and y.
SOLUTION
(a)
Fz
F cos
600 lb cos136.8
437.4 lb
Fz
437 lb
Fy
359 lb
Then:
F2
So:
600 lb
Hence:
Fy
Fx2
Fy2
200 lb
600 lb
Fz2
Fy
200 lb
358.7 lb
437.4 lb
437.4 lb
(b)
cos
cos
Fx
F
Fy
y
200
600
358.7
600
0.333
0.59783
90
70.5
126.7
PROBLEM 2.87
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires anchored by bolts at B,
C, and D. If the tension in wire AB is 2100 N, determine the components
of the force exerted by the wire on the bolt at B.
SOLUTION
BA
BA
4m
F
BA
4m i
BA
BA
20 m j
20 m
2100 N
21 m
400 N i
5m k
5m
21 m
4m i
20 m j
2000 N j
500 N k
Fx
91
5m k
400 N, Fy
2000 N, Fz
500 N
PROBLEM 2.88
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires anchored by bolts at B,
C, and D. If the tension in wire AD is 1260 N, determine the components
of the force exerted by the wire on the bolt at D.
SOLUTION
DA
DA
4m i
4m
F
DA
DA
DA
20 m j
20 m
1260 N
25.2 m
200 N i
14.8 m k
14.8 m
4m i
25.2 m
20 m j
1000 N j
14.8 m k
740 N k
Fx
92
200 N, Fy
1000 N, Fz
740 N
PROBLEM 2.89
A rectangular plate is supported by three cables as shown. Knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 204 lb, determine the components of the force
exerted on the plate at B.
SOLUTION
BA
BA
32 in. i
32 in.
BA
F
F
48 in.
BA
BA
48 in. j
2
204 lb
68 in.
96 lb i
36 in.
32 in. i
144 lb j
Fx
93
36 in. k
2
68 in.
48 in. j
36 in. k
108 lb k
96.0 lb, Fy
144.0 lb, Fz
108.0 lb
PROBLEM 2.90
the tension in cable AD is 195 lb, determine the components of the force
exerted on the plate at D.
SOLUTION
DA
DA
25 in. i
25 in.
DA
F
F
DA
DA
48 in.
195 lb
65 in.
75 lb i
48 in. j
2
36 in.
25 in. i
144 lb j
Fx
94
36 in. k
2
65 in.
48 in. j
36 in. k
108 lb k
75.0 lb, Fy
144.0 lb, Fz
108.0 lb
PROBLEM 2.91
A steel rod is bent into a semicircular ring of radius 0.96 m and is
supported in part by cables BD and BE which are attached to the ring at
B. Knowing that the tension in cable BD is 220 N, determine the
components of this force exerted by the cable on the support at D.
SOLUTION
DB
DB
TDB
0.96 m i
0.96 m
DB
DB
DB
TDB
1.12 m j
1.12 m
220 N
0.96 m i
1.76 m
120 N i
TDB
95
140 N j
0.96 m k
0.96 m
1.12 m j
1.76 m
0.96 m k
120 N k
120.0 N, TDB
140.0 N, TDB
120.0 N
PROBLEM 2.92
A steel rod is bent into a semicircular ring of radius 0.96 m and is
supported in part by cables BD and BE which are attached to the ring at
B. Knowing that the tension in cable BE is 250 N, determine the
components of this force exerted by the cable on the support at E.
SOLUTION
EB
TEB
0.96 m i
EB
0.96 m
EB
EB
EB
TEB
1.20 m j
1.20 m
250 N
2.00 m
120 N i
TEB
1.28 m k
1.28 m
2.00 m
0.96 m i
1.20 m j
150 N j
160 N k
120.0 N, TEB
96
1.28 m k
150.0 N, TEB
160.0 N
PROBLEM 2.93
Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces shown
knowing that P 500 N and Q 600 N.
SOLUTION
P
500 lb
cos30 sin15 i
sin30 j
500 lb
0.2241i
0.8365k
112.05 lb i
Q
0.50j
250 lb j
600 lb cos 40 cos 20 i

600 lb 0.71985i
431.91 lb i
R
R
319.86 lb
cos 30 cos15 k
418.25 lb k
sin 40 j
0.64278 j
cos 40 sin 20 k
385.67 lb j
0.26201k
157.206 lb k
319.86 lb i
635.67 lb j
261.04 lb k
635.67 lb
261.04 lb
757.98 lb
R
cos
cos
cos
Rx
R
Ry
y
Rz
R
97
319.86 lb
757.98 lb
635.67 lb
757.98 lb
261.04 lb
757.98 lb
758 lb
0.42199
x
65.0
33.0
69.9
0.83864
0.34439
PROBLEM 2.94
Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the two forces shown
knowing that P 600 N and Q 400 N.
SOLUTION
Using the results from 2.93:
P
600 lb
0.2241i
134.46 lb i
Q
R
R
153.48 lb
0.8365k
300 lb j
400 lb 0.71985i
287.94 lb i
0.50j
501.9 lb k
0.64278j
257.11 lb j
0.26201k
104.804 lb k
153.48 lb i
557.11 lb j
397.10 lb k
557.11 lb
397.10 lb
701.15 lb
R
cos
cos
cos
Rx
R
Ry
y
Rz
R
153.48 lb
701.15 lb
557.11 lb
701.15 lb
397.10 lb
701.15 lb
98
701 lb
0.21890
77.4
37.4
55.5
0.79457
0.56637
PROBLEM 2.95
Knowing that the tension is 850 N in cable AB and 1020 N in cable AC,
determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces
exerted at A by the two cables.
SOLUTION
AB
AB
400 mm i
400 mm
AC
AC
TAB
TAB
AB
AB
TAB
AC
T AC
AC
T AC
AC
AC
1020 N
TAB
816 N i
TAC
Then:
and
cos
cos
cos
1216
1825.8
817.2
1825.8
1089.6
1825.8
99
600 mm
850 mm
600 mm k
600 mm
400 mm i
1250 mm
450 mm j
600 mm k
850 mm
450 N j
600 N k
1000 mm i
367.2 N j
1216 N i
R
600 mm k
450 mm j
450 mm
400 N i
TAC
R
850 N
TAB
T
450 mm
1000 mm i
1000 mm
AB
450 mm j
450 mm j
1250 mm
489.6 N k
817.2 N j
1825.8 N
600 mm k
1089.6 N k
R
1826 N
0.66601
0.44758
0.59678
48.2
116.6
53.4
PROBLEM 2.96
Assuming that in Problem 2.95 the tension is 1020 N in cable AB and
850 N in cable AC, determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant
of the forces exerted at A by the two cables.
SOLUTION
AB
AB
400 mm i
400 mm
AC
AC
TAB
TAB
TAB
T AC
AC
TAC
480 N i
AC
AC
TAB
and
cos
1160
1825.8
cos
846
1825.8
cos
600 mm
400 mm i
1250 mm
450 mm j
600 mm k
850 mm
306 N j
720 N k
450 mm j
1250 mm
600 mm k
408 N k
846 N j
1825.8 N
1128
1825.8
850 mm
1160 N i
R
600 mm k
1000 mm i
680 N i
Then:
600 mm
540 N j
850 N
TAC
600 mm k
450 mm j
450 mm
1020 N
TAC
R
AB
AB
TAB
TAC
450 mm
1000 mm i
1000 mm
AB
450 mm j
1128 N k
R
0.6353
0.4634
0.6178
100
1826 N
x
50.6
117.6
51.8
PROBLEM 2.97
For the semicircular ring of Problem 2.91, determine the magnitude and
direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the cables at B knowing
that the tensions in cables BD and BE are 220 N and 250 N, respectively.
SOLUTION
For the solutions to Problems 2.91 and 2.92, we have
TBD
120 N i
140 N j
120 N k
TBE
120 N i
150 N j
160 N k
290 N j
40 N k
Then:
RB
TBD
TBE
240 N i
and
R
cos
378.55 N
240
378.55
RB
379 N
0.6340
129.3
cos
cos
290
378.55
40
378.55
101
0.7661
40.0
96.1
0.1057
PROBLEM 2.98
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in AB is 920 lb and that
the resultant of the forces exerted at A by cables AB and AC lies in the yz
plane, determine (a) the tension in AC, (b) the magnitude and direction of
the resultant of the two forces.
SOLUTION
Have
TAB
TAC
920 lb sin 50 cos 40 i

TAC
cos 45 sin 25 i
cos 50 j
sin 45 j
sin50 sin 40 j
cos 45 cos 25 j
(a)
RA
TAB
RA
RA
Fx
0:
TAC
0
TAC cos 45 sin 25
or
TAC
1806.60 lb
TAC
1807 lb
(b)
RA
Fy :
920 lb cos 50
RA
RA
Fz :
1868.82 lb

RA
RA
1806.60 lb sin 45
1806.60 lb cos 45 cos 25
1610.78 lb
1868.82 lb j
1610.78 lb k
Then:
RA
2467.2 lb
RA
102
2.47 kips

and
cos
cos
cos
0
2467.2
1868.82
2467.2
1610.78
2467.2
103
0
0.7560
0.65288
90.0
139.2
49.2
PROBLEM 2.99
anchored in the ground. Knowing that the tension in AC is 850 lb and that
the resultant of the forces exerted at A by cables AB and AC lies in the yz
plane, determine (a) the tension in AB, (b) the magnitude and direction of
the resultant of the two forces.
SOLUTION
Have
TAB
TAC
TAB sin 50 cos 40 i

850 lb
cos 50 j
cos 45 sin 25 i
sin 50 sin 40 j
sin 45 j
cos 45 cos 25 j
(a)
RA
RA
Fx
0: TAB sin 50 cos 40
850 lb cos 45 sin 25
432.86 lb
TAB
TAB
433 lb
(b)
RA
Fy :
432.86 lb cos 50
RA
RA
Fz :
879.28 lb
432.86 lb sin 50 sin 40

RA
RA
RA
cos
cos
850 lb cos 45 cos 25
757.87 lb
879.28 lb j
757.87 lb k
1160.82 lb
x
RA
0
1160.82
879.28
1160.82
cos
757.87
1160.82
850 lb sin 45
1.161 kips
0.75746
0.65287
104
90.0
139.2
49.2
PROBLEM 2.100
For the plate of Problem 2.89, determine the tension in cables AB and AD
knowing that the tension if cable AC is 27 lb and that the resultant of the
forces exerted by the three cables at A must be vertical.
SOLUTION
With:
AC
AC
TAC
TAC
45 in. i
45 in.
TAC
AC
TAC
48 in. j
2
48 in.
36 in. k
27 lb
45 in. i
75 in.
AC
AC
16.2 lb i
36 in.
17.28 lb j
75 in.
48 in. j
36 in. k
12.96 k
and
AB
AB
TAB
TAB
32 in. i
2
32 in.
AB
AB
TAB
AB
TAB
48 in. j
48 in.
TAB
68 in.
TAB
0.4706i
36 in. k
36 in.
32 in. i
0.7059j
68 in.
48 in. j
36 in. k
0.5294k
and
AD
AD
TAD
TAD
25 in. i
25 in.
AD
TAD
TAD
AD
AD
48 in. j
48 in.
36 in. k
36 in.
T AD
25 in. i
65 in.
TAD 0.3846i
105
0.7385 j
65 in.
48 in. j
0.5538k
36 in. k

Now
R
TAB
TAD
TAD
TAB
0.4706i
0.7059 j
T AD 0.3846i
0.7385 j
0.5294k
16.2 lb i
17.28 lb j
12.96 k
0.5538k
Since R must be vertical, the i and k components of this sum must be zero.
Hence:
0.4706TAB
0.5294TAB
0.3846TAD
0.5538TAD
16.2 lb
(1)
12.96 lb
(2)
Solving (1) and (2), we obtain:

TAB
244.79 lb,
TAD
106
257.41 lb
TAB
245 lb
TAD
257 lb
PROBLEM 2.101
The support assembly shown is bolted in place at B, C, and D and
supports a downward force P at A. Knowing that the forces in members
AB, AC, and AD are directed along the respective members and that the
force in member AB is 146 N, determine the magnitude of P.
SOLUTION
Note that AB, AC, and AD are in compression.
Have
d BA
and
220 mm
d DA
192 mm
dCA
FBA
FBA
192 mm
FCA
FDA
0.66667 j
With
j-component:
k-component:
F
110 N
96 N
0: FBA
288 mm
240 mm
192 mm j
0.80 FCA
192 mm j
96 mm k
Pj
FCA
0
FDA
or
0.66667 165 N
0.33333 165 N
Solving (2) for FCA and then using that result in (1), gives
107
144 mm k
0.33333k
0.66667 FDA
0.60 FCA
0.60k
At A:
292 mm
96 N j
FDA
192 mm i
288 mm
DA
FDA 0.66667i
i-component:
96 mm
FCA
192 mm j
240 mm
CA
220 mm i
FCA 0.80j
FDA
144 mm
146 N
292 mm
BA
192 mm
110 N i
FCA
192 mm
0
FDA
P
165 N
0
(1)
(2)
P
279 N
PROBLEM 2.102
The support assembly shown is bolted in place at B, C, and D and
supports a downward force P at A. Knowing that the forces in members
AB, AC, and AD are directed along the respective members and that
P 200 N, determine the forces in the members.
SOLUTION
With the results of 2.101:
FBA
FBA
BA
FBA
FCA
FCA
0.75342i
FDA
DA
P
F
144 mm k
0.60k
0.66667 j
With:
192 mm j
0.65753j N
FDA
192 mm i
288 mm
FDA 0.66667i
At A:
220 mm i
FCA
192 mm j
240 mm
CA
FCA 0.80 j
FDA
FBA
292 mm
192 mm j
96 mm k
0.33333k
200 N j
0: FBA
FCA
FDA
Hence, equating the three (i, j, k) components to 0 gives three equations

i-component:
0.75342 FBA
j-component:
0.65735 FBA
k-component:
0.80 FCA
0.60 FCA
0.66667 FDA
0.66667 FDA
200 N
0.33333FDA
(1)
0
(2)
(3)
Solving (1), (2), and (3), gives

FBA
104.5 N,
FCA
65.6 N,
FDA
118.1 N
FBA
108
104.5 N
FCA
65.6 N
FDA
118.1 N
PROBLEM 2.103
Three cables are used to tether a balloon as shown. Determine the vertical
force P exerted by the balloon at A knowing that the tension in cable AB
is 60 lb.
SOLUTION
The forces applied at A are:
TAB , TAC , TAD and P
where P Pj . To express the other forces in terms of the unit vectors
i, j, k, we write
AB
12.6 ft i
AC
7.2 ft i
AD
and
TAC
TAC
TAD
16.8 ft j
16.8 ft j
9.9 ft k
TAB
AB
AC
TAD
109
16.8 ft j
TAB
TAC
AD
AC
AC
TAD
TAB
12.6 ft k
AB
AB
0.3242i
AD
AD
AB
21 ft
AC
22.2 ft
AD
19.5 ft
0.6i
0.75676 j
0.8615j
0.8 j TAB
0.56757k TAC
0.50769k TAD

Equilibrium Condition
F
0: TAB
TAC
TAD
Pj
Substituting the expressions obtained for TAB , TAC , and TAD and
factoring i, j, and k:
0.6TAB
0.3242TAC i
0.56757TAC
0.8TAB
0.75676TAC
0.50769TAD k
0.8615TAD
P j
Equating to zero the coefficients of i, j, k:

0.6TAB
0.8TAB
0.3242TAC
0.75676TAC
0.56757TAC
(1)
0.8615TAD
0.50769TAD
(2)
(3)
Setting TAB 60 lb in (1) and (2), and solving the resulting set of
equations gives
TAC
TAD
111 lb
124.2 lb
P
110
239 lb
PROBLEM 2.104
Three cables are used to tether a balloon as shown. Determine the vertical
force P exerted by the balloon at A knowing that the tension in cable AC
is 100 lb.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.103 for the figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below:
0.6TAB
0.8TAB
0.3242TAC
0.75676TAC
0.56757TAC
(1)
0.8615TAD
0.50769TAD
(2)
(3)
Substituting TAC 100 lb in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms gives
TAB
54 lb
TAD
112 lb
P
111
215 lb
PROBLEM 2.105
The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is supported by three
cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that the tension in
cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
The forces applied at A are:
TAB , TAC , TAD and P
where P Pj . To express the other forces in terms of the unit vectors
i, j, k, we write
AB
0.72 m i
AC
1.2 m j
0.64 m k,
AD
0.8 m i
1.2 m j
and
TAB
TAC
TAD
1.2 m j
TAD
TAB
TAB
AB
T AC
AC
TAC
AD
TAD
0.54 m k ,
AB
AB
0.48i
AC
AC
AD
AD
0.88235 j
0.51948i
Equilibrium Condition with W

F
0.54 m k ,
0.8 j
AB
1.5 m
AC
1.36 m
AD
1.54 m
0.36k TAB
0.47059k T AC
0.77922 j
0.35065k TAD
Wj
0: TAB
TAC
TAD
Wj
Substituting the expressions obtained for TAB , TAC , and TAD and
factoring i, j, and k:
0.48TAB
0.51948TAD i
0.36TAB
0.8TAB
0.47059TAC
112
0.88235TAC
0.35065TAD k
0.77922TAD
0
W j

Equating to zero the coefficients of i, j, k:
0.48TAB
0.8TAB
0.51948TAD
0.88235TAC
0.36T AB
0.77922TAD
0.47059T AC
0
W
0.35065T AD
Substituting TAB 3 kN in Equations (1), (2) and (3) and solving the
resulting set of equations, using conventional algorithms for solving
linear algebraic equations, gives
TAC
4.3605 kN
TAD
2.7720 kN
W
113
8.41 kN
PROBLEM 2.106
For the crate of Problem 2.105, determine the weight of the crate
knowing that the tension in cable AD is 2.8 kN.
Problem 2.105: The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is
supported by three cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB
0.8TAB
0.51948TAD
0.88235TAC
0.36TAB
0.77922TAD
0.47059TAC
0.35065TAD
0
0
Substituting TAD 2.8 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms, gives
TAB
3.03 kN
TAC
4.40 kN
W
114
8.49 kN
PROBLEM 2.107
For the crate of Problem 2.105, determine the weight of the crate
knowing that the tension in cable AC is 2.4 kN.
Problem 2.105: The crate shown in Figure P2.105 and P2.108 is
supported by three cables. Determine the weight of the crate knowing that
the tension in cable AB is 3 kN.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB
0.8TAB
0.51948TAD
0.88235TAC
0.36TAB
0.77922TAD
0.47059TAC
0.35065TAD
0
0
Substituting TAC 2.4 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the resulting set of equations
using conventional algorithms, gives
TAB
1.651 kN
TAD
1.526 kN
W
115
4.63 kN
PROBLEM 2.108
A 750-kg crate is supported by three cables as shown. Determine the
tension in each cable.
SOLUTION
below:
0.48TAB
0.8TAB
0.88235TAC
0.36TAB
Substituting W
750 kg 9.81 m/s2
0.51948TAD
0.77922TAD
0.47059TAC
0.35065TAD
0
0
7.36 kN in Equations (1), (2), and (3) above, and solving the
resulting set of equations using conventional algorithms, gives
116
TAB
2.63 kN
TAC
3.82 kN
TAD
2.43 kN
PROBLEM 2.109
A force P is applied as shown to a uniform cone which is supported by
three cords, where the lines of action of the cords pass through the vertex
A of the cone. Knowing that P
0 and that the tension in cord BE is
0.2 lb, determine the weight W of the cone.
SOLUTION
Note that because the line of action of each of the cords passes through the vertex A of the cone, the cords all
have the same length, and the unit vectors lying along the cords are parallel to the unit vectors lying along the
generators of the cone.
Thus, for example, the unit vector along BE is identical to the unit vector along the generator AB.
cos 45 i
Hence:
It follows that:
AB
BE
TBE
TBE
BE
TBE
TCF
TCF
CF
TCF
TDG
TDG
DG
TDG
117
8 j sin 45 k
65
cos 45 i 8 j sin 45 k
65
cos30 i
cos15 i
8j sin 30 k
65
8 j sin15 k
65

At A:
0: TBE
TCF
TDG
Then, isolating the factors of i, j, and k, we obtain three algebraic equations:

i:
or
TBE
cos 45
65
TBE cos 45
j: TBE
or
TBE
k:
or
With P
8
65
TCF
cos 30
65
TCF cos30
TCF
TCF
TBE
sin 45
65
TBE sin 45
0 and the tension in cord BE
8
65
TDG
TDG
cos15
65
TDG cos15
8
65
TDG
65
8
TCF
sin 30
65
TCF sin 30
P 65
0
0
(1)
(2)
0
TDG
sin15
65
TDG sin15
(3)
0.2 lb:
Solving the resulting Equations (1), (2), and (3) using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination,
matrix methods or iteration with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF
0.669 lb
TDG
0.746 lb
W
118
1.603 lb
PROBLEM 2.110
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 1.6 lb, determine the range
of values of P for which cord CF is taut.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.109 for the Figure and the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3)
below:
i : TBE cos 45
j: TBE
k:
TCF
TBE sin 45
TCF cos30
TDG
TDG cos15
65
8
TCF sin 30
65P
(1)
(2)
TDG sin15
(3)
With W 1.6 lb , the range of values of P for which the cord CF is taut can found by solving Equations (1),
(2), and (3) for the tension TCF as a function of P and requiring it to be positive ( 0).
Solving (1), (2), and (3) with unknown P, using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix
methods or iteration with MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain:
TCF
Hence, for TCF
or
1.729 P
1.729P
P
0.668 lb
0.668
0.386 lb
0
119
0.386 lb
PROBLEM 2.111
A transmission tower is held by three guy wires attached to a pin at A and
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. If the tension in wire AB is 3.6 kN,
determine the vertical force P exerted by the tower on the pin at A.
SOLUTION
The force in each cable can be written as the product of the magnitude of
the force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
AC
AC
TAC
18 m
T AC
AC
TAC
and
AB
TAB
TAB
Finally
TAD
AD
TAD
0.8475 j
30 m j
2
30 m
35.4 m
30 m j
7.5 m k
7.5 m
31.5 m
6m i
30 m j
TAB
0.1905i
0.9524 j
0.2381k
6m i
2
30 m
30 m j
2
7.5 m k
22.2 m k
22.2 m
37.8 m
AD
AD
TAD
37.8 m
6m i
30 m j
TAD
0.1587 i
0.7937 j
0.5873k
120
5.4 m k
0.1525k
TAB
31.5 m
6m
TAD
5.4 m
AB
AB
AD
AD
5.4 m k
TAC
18 m i
35.4 m
6m i
6m
30 m
AC
AC
AB
30 m j
T AC 0.5085i
AB
TAB
18 m i
22.2 m k

With P
Pj, at A:
F
0: TAB
TAC
TAD
Pj
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic

equations:
i:
0.1905TAB
0.5085TAC
0.1587TAD
j:
0.9524TAB
0.8475TAC
0.7937TAD
k : 0.2381TAB
0.1525TAC
0.5873TAD
(1)
0
(2)
(3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAB 3.6 kN, and, using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (MATLAB or Maple,
for example), we obtain:
TAC
1.963 kN
TAD
1.969 kN
P
121
6.66 kN
PROBLEM 2.112
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. If the tension in wire AC is 2.6 kN,
determine the vertical force P exerted by the tower on the pin at A.
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.111, particularly Equations (1), (2) and (3), we substitute TAC 2.6 kN
and solve the three resulting linear equations using conventional tools for solving Linear Algebraic Equations
(MATLAB or Maple, for example), to obtain
TAB
4.77 kN
TAD
2.61 kN
P
122
8.81 kN
PROBLEM 2.113
the tension in cable AC is 15 lb, determine the weight of the plate.
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
AB
32 in. i
AB
TAB
and
AC
123
68 in.
48 in. j
TAB
0.4706i
0.7059 j
0.5294k
48 in. j
36 in. k
45 in. i
45 in.
TAC
AC
AC
25 in.
48 in.
TAC
75 in.
25 in. i
2
36 in.
45 in. i
TAC 0.60i
AD
AD
32 in. i
TAC
Finally,
36 in.
TAB
68 in.
AC
AC
48 in.
36 in. k
AB
AB
TAB
AB
TAB
TAC
32 in.
48 in. j
48 in.
75 in.
48 in. j
0.64 j
36 in. k
0.48k
48 in. j
2
36 in. k
36 in. k
36 in.
65 in.

TAD
AD
TAD
TAD
With W
AD
AD
TAD
25 in. i
65 in.
TAD 0.3846i
0.7385 j
48 in. j
36 in. k
0.5538k
Wj, at A we have:
F
0: TAB
TAC
TAD
Wj
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic

equations:
i:
0.4706TAB
0.60TAC
0.3846TAD
j:
0.7059TAB
0.64TAC
0.7385TAD
k : 0.5294T AB
0.48T AC
0.5538T AD
(1)
0
(2)
(3)
In Equations (1), (2) and (3), set TAC 15 lb, and, using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (MATLAB or Maple,
for example), we obtain:
TAB
136.0 lb
TAD
143.0 lb
W
124
211 lb
PROBLEM 2.114
the tension in cable AD is 120 lb, determine the weight of the plate.
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.111, particularly Equations (1), (2) and (3), we substitute TAD 120 lb and
solve the three resulting linear equations using conventional tools for solving Linear Algebraic Equations
(MATLAB or Maple, for example), to obtain
TAC
12.59 lb
TAB
114.1 lb
W
125
177.2 lb
PROBLEM 2.115
A horizontal circular plate having a mass of 28 kg is suspended as shown
from three wires which are attached to a support D and form 30 angles
with the vertical. Determine the tension in each wire.
SOLUTION
Fx
0:
TAD sin 30 sin 50
TBD sin 30 cos 40
TCD sin 30 cos 60
Dividing through by the factor sin 30 and evaluating the trigonometric

functions gives
0.7660TAD
0.7660TBD
0.50TCD
(1)
Similarly,
Fz
0: TAD sin 30 cos 50
TBD sin30 sin 40
TCD sin 30 sin 60

or
0.6428TAD
From (1)
0.6428TBD
TAD
TBD
0.8660TCD
(2)
0.6527TCD
Substituting this into (2):

TBD
0.3573TCD
(3)
TCD
(4)
Using TAD from above:

TAD
Now,
Fy
0:
TAD cos 30
TBD cos30
28 kg 9.81 m/s2
or
TAD
126
TBD
TCD
TCD cos 30
0
317.2 N

Using (3) and (4), above:
TCD
Then:
0.3573TCD
TCD
317.2 N
TAD
127
135.1 N
TBD
46.9 N
TCD
135.1 N
PROBLEM 2.119
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 2.4 lb and that P
0,
determine the tension in each cord.
SOLUTION
Note that because the line of action of each of the cords passes through the vertex A of the cone, the cords all
have the same length, and the unit vectors lying along the cords are parallel to the unit vectors lying along the
generators of the cone.
Thus, for example, the unit vector along BE is identical to the unit vector along the generator AB.
Hence:
cos 45 i
AB
BE
8 j sin 45 k
65
It follows that:
At A:
TBE
TBE
BE
TBE
TCF
TCF
CF
TCF
TDG
TDG
DG
TDG
0: TBE
cos 45 i
8 j sin 45 k
65
cos30 i
8j sin 30 k
65
cos15 i
TCF
8j sin15 k
65
TDG
132

Then, isolating the factors if i , j, and k we obtain three algebraic equations:
i:
TBE
cos 45
65
or
TBE cos 45
j : TBE
or
8
65
TCF
TBE
k:
or
TCF
cos 30
65
TCF cos30
8
65
TCF
TBE
sin 45
65
TBE sin 45
TDG
cos15
65
TDG
T DG
TDG cos15
8
65
2.4
65
8
(1)
0
0.3 65
(2)
TCF
sin 30
65
TDG
sin15
65
TCF sin 30
TDG sin15
P 65
0
(3)
With P 0, the tension in the cords can be found by solving the resulting Equations (1), (2), and (3) using
conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix methods or iterationwith MATLAB or Maple,
for example). We obtain
133
TBE
0.299 lb
TCF
1.002 lb
TDG
1.117 lb
PROBLEM 2.120
A of the cone. Knowing that the cone weighs 2.4 lb and that P
0.1 lb,
determine the tension in each cord.
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.121 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3) below:
TBE cos 45
TBE
TBE sin 45
TCF cos 30
TDG cos15
TCF
0.3 65
TDG
TCF sin 30
TDG sin15
(1)
(2)
P 65
(3)
With P 0.1 lb, solving (1), (2), and (3), using conventional methods in Linear Algebra (elimination, matrix
methods or iterationwith MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
134
TBE
1.006 lb
TCF
0.357 lb
TDG
1.056 lb
PROBLEM 2.121
Using two ropes and a roller chute, two workers are unloading a 200-kg
cast-iron counterweight from a truck. Knowing that at the instant shown
the counterweight is kept from moving and that the positions of points A,
B, and C are, respectively, A(0, 0.5 m, 1 m), B(0.6 m, 0.8 m, 0), and
C(0.7 m, 0.9 m, 0), and assuming that no friction exists between the
counterweight and the chute, determine the tension in each rope. (Hint:
Since there is no friction, the force exerted by the chute on the
counterweight must be perpendicular to the chute.)
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the chute:
N
2j
5
N 0.8944 j
0.4472k
As in Problem 2.11, for example, the force in each rope can be written as
the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. Thus, with
AB
0.6 m i
AB
TAB
0.6 m
TAB
and
TAC
TAB
1.764 m
TAB
0.3436i
AC
AC
AC
0.7 m
TAC
TAC
Then:
AC
AC
1m k
2
1m
0.6 m i
1.764 m
1.3 m j
0.7444 j
0.5726k
0.7 m i
1.4 m j
1m k
1.4 m
TAC
1.764 m
T AC 0.3769i
F
135
1.3 m
AB
AB
TAB
AB
1.3 m j
0: N
1m
0.7 m i
0.7537 j
TAB
TAC
1.8574 m
1.4 m j
0.5384k
W
1m k
1m k

With W
200 kg 9.81 m/s
1962 N, and equating the factors of i, j,
and k to zero, we obtain the linear algebraic equations:

i:
0.3436TAB
j : 0.7444TAB
k:
0.3769TAC
0.7537TAC
0.5726TAB
0.5384TAC
0
0.8944 N
0.4472 N
(1)
1962
(2)
(3)
Using conventional methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations

(elimination, MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
N
136
1311 N
TAB
551 N
TAC
503 N
PROBLEM 2.122
Solve Problem 2.121 assuming that a third worker is exerting a force
P
(180 N) i on the counterweight.
Problem 2.121: Using two ropes and a roller chute, two workers are
unloading a 200-kg cast-iron counterweight from a truck. Knowing that at
the instant shown the counterweight is kept from moving and that the
positions of points A, B, and C are, respectively, A(0, 0.5 m, 1 m),
B(0.6 m, 0.8 m, 0), and C(0.7 m, 0.9 m, 0), and assuming that no friction
exists between the counterweight and the chute, determine the tension in
each rope. (Hint: Since there is no friction, the force exerted by the chute
on the counterweight must be perpendicular to the chute.)
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the chute:
N
2j
5
N 0.8944 j
0.4472k
As in Problem 2.11, for example, the force in each rope can be written as
the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. Thus, with
AB
AB
TAB
0.6 m
and
TAB
0.3436i
AC
0.7 m
T AC
TAC
Then:
137
1.3 m j
1.3 m
TAB
1.764 m
AC
AC
AB
AB
TAB
AB
TAB
TAC
0.6 m i
1m k
2
1m
0.6 m i
1.764 m
1.3 m j
0.7444 j
0.5726k
0.7 m i
1.4 m j
1m k
AC
AC
1.4 m
TAC
1.764 m
T AC 0.3769i
0: N
TAB
1m
0.7 m i
0.7537 j
TAC
1.8574 m
1.4 m j
0.5384k
1m k
1m k

Where
and
180 N i
200 kg 9.81 m/s2
1962 N j
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the linear equations:
i:
0.3436TAB
0.3769TAC
180
j : 0.8944N
0.7444TAB
0.7537TAC
1962
k : 0.4472 N
0.5726TAB
0.5384TAC
Using conventional methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations

(elimination, MATLAB or Maple, for example), we obtain
N
138
1302 N
TAB
306 N
TAC
756 N
PROBLEM 2.123
A piece of machinery of weight W is temporarily supported by cables AB,
AC, and ADE. Cable ADE is attached to the ring at A, passes over the
pulley at D and back through the ring, and is attached to the support at E.
Knowing that W
320 lb, determine the tension in each cable. (Hint:
The tension is the same in all portions of cable ADE.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the (scalar) force and the unit vector along
the cable. That is, with
AB
9 ft i
AB
9 ft
TAB
TAB
TAB
TAB
AB
8 ft j
2
8 ft
AB
AB
12 ft k
2
12 ft
TAB
17 ft
0.5294i
0.4706 j
9 ft i
17 ft
8 ft j
12 ft k
8 ft j
6 ft k
0.7059k
and
AC
0 i
AC
8 ft j
0 ft
8 ft
TAC
TAC
T AC 0.8 j
AD
4 ft i
AD
4 ft
T AC
AC
6 ft k
6 ft
AC
AC
T AC
10 ft
10 ft
0 ft i
0.6k
and
8 ft j
2
8 ft
TAD
TAD
TADE 0.4444i
AD
TADE
1 ft k
2
AD
AD
1 ft
TADE
9 ft
0.8889 j
139
9 ft
4 ft i
0.1111k
8 ft j
1 ft k

Finally,
AE
8 ft i
AE
8 ft
TAE
TAE
TADE
8 ft j
2
8 ft
T ADE
AE
AE
AE
0.6667i
With the weight of the machinery, W
4 ft k
4 ft
12 ft
T ADE
12 ft
0.6667 j
8 ft i
8 ft j
4 ft k
0.3333k
W j, at A, we have:
0: TAB
TAC
2TAD
Wj
Equating the factors of i , j, and k to zero, we obtain the following linear algebraic equations:
0.5294TAB
0.4706TAB
0.7059TAB
2 0.4444TADE
0.8TAC
0.6TAC
0.6667TADE
2 0.8889TADE
0.6667TADE
2 0.1111TADE
0.3333TADE
(1)
(2)
(3)
Knowing that W 320 lb, we can solve Equations (1), (2) and (3) using conventional methods for solving
Linear Algebraic Equations (elimination, matrix methods via MATLAB or Maple, for example) to obtain
TAB
46.5 lb
TAC
34.2 lb
TADE
140
110.8 lb
PROBLEM 2.124
A piece of machinery of weight W is temporarily supported by cables AB,
AC, and ADE. Cable ADE is attached to the ring at A, passes over the
pulley at D and back through the ring, and is attached to the support at E.
Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 68 lb, determine (a) the tension
in AC, (b) the tension in ADE, (c) the weight W. (Hint: The tension is the
same in all portions of cable ADE.)
SOLUTION
See Problem 2.123 for the analysis leading to the linear algebraic Equations (1), (2), and (3), below:
0.5294TAB
0.4706TAB
2 0.4444TADE
0.8TAC
0.7059TAB
0.6667TADE
2 0.8889TADE
0.6TAC
2 0.1111TADE
0.6667TADE
(1)
W
0.3333TADE
(2)
(3)
Knowing that the tension in cable AB is 68 lb, we can solve Equations (1), (2) and (3) using conventional
methods for solving Linear Algebraic Equations (elimination, matrix methods via MATLAB or Maple, for
example) to obtain
(a) TAC
50.0 lb
(b) TAE
162.0 lb
(c)
141
468 lb
PROBLEM 2.128
Solve Problem 2.127 assuming y
550 mm.
Problem 2.127: Collars A and B are connected by a 1-m-long wire and

can slide freely on frictionless rods. If a force P (680 N) j is applied at
A, determine (a) the tension in the wire when y 300 mm, (b) the
magnitude of the force Q required to maintain the equilibrium of the
system.
SOLUTION
From the analysis of Problem 2.127, particularly the results:
y2
With y
550 mm
z2
0.84 m 2
TAB
680 N
y
680 N
z
y
0.55 m, we obtain:
z2
0.84 m 2
z
0.55 m
0.733 m
and
(a)
TAB
680 N
0.55
1236.4 N
or
TAB
1.236 kN
0.906 kN
and
(b)
Q
or
147
1236 0.866 N
906 N
PROBLEM 2.129
Member BD exerts on member ABC a force P directed along line BD.
Knowing that P must have a 300-lb horizontal component, determine
(a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) its vertical component.
SOLUTION
(a)
P sin 35
P
3001b
300 lb
sin35
P
523 lb
Pv
428 lb
(b) Vertical Component

Pv
P cos35
523 lb cos35
148
PROBLEM 2.130
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A, to which cables AC
and AE are attached. A force P is applied to the end F of a third cable
which passes over a pulley at B and through ring A and which is attached
1000 N, determine the magnitude
to a support at D. Knowing that W
of P. (Hint: The tension is the same in all portions of cable FBAD.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the (scalar) force and the unit vector along
TAB
TAB
TAB
AB
0.78 m i
AB
0.78 m
TAB
AB
AB
AB
0.4382i
1.6 m j
2
1.6 m
TAB
1.78 m
0.8989 j
0m k
2
1.78 m
0.78 m i
1.6 m j
0m k
0k
and
AC
0 i
AC
0m
TAC
TAC
T AC 0.8 j
AC
T AC
1.6 m j
1.2 m k
1.6 m
AC
AC
1.2 m
TAC
0 i
2m
2m
1.6 m j
1.2 m k
0.6k
and
AD
1.3 m i
AD
1.3 m
TAD
TAD
T AD 0.6190i
AD
TAD
AD
AD
1.6 m j
2
1.6 m
0.4 m k
2
0.4 m
TAD
1.3 m i
2.1 m
0.7619j
149
0.1905k
2.1 m
1.6 m j
0.4 m k

Finally,
AE
0.4 m i
AE
0.4 m
TAE
TAE
T AE
T AE
AE
AE
AE
0.2151i
With the weight of the container W
1.6 m j
2
1.6 m
TAE
1.86 m
0.8602j
0.86 m k
2
0.86 m
0.4 m i
1.86 m
1.6 m j
0.86 m k
0.4624k
Wj, at A we have:
F
0: TAB
TAC
TAD
Wj
Equating the factors of i, j, and k to zero, we obtain the following linear algebraic equations:
0.4382TAB
0.8989T AB
0.6190TAD
0.8T AC
0.6TAC
0.2151TAE
0.7619T AD
0.1905TAD
0.8602T AE
0.4624TAE
(1)
0
W
(2)
(3)
Knowing that W 1000 N and that because of the pulley system at B TAB TAD P, where P is the
externally applied (unknown) force, we can solve the system of linear equations (1), (2) and (3) uniquely
for P.
P
150
378 N
PROBLEM 2.131
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A, to which cables AC
and AE are attached. A force P is applied to the end F of a third cable
which passes over a pulley at B and through ring A and which is attached
to a support at D. Knowing that the tension in cable AC is 150 N,
determine (a) the magnitude of the force P, (b) the weight W of the
container. (Hint: The tension is the same in all portions of cable FBAD.)
SOLUTION
Here, as in Problem 2.130, the support of the container consists of the four cables AE, AC, AD, and AB, with
the condition that the force in cables AB and AD is equal to the externally applied force P. Thus, with the
condition
TAB
TAD
and using the linear algebraic equations of Problem 2.131 with TAC
150 N, we obtain
(a)
(b) W
151
454 N
1202 N
PROBLEM 2.125
A container of weight W is suspended from ring A. Cable BAC passes
through the ring and is attached to fixed supports at B and C. Two forces
P Pi and Q Qk are applied to the ring to maintain the container is
the position shown. Knowing that W 1200 N, determine P and Q.
(Hint: The tension is the same in both portions of cable BAC.)
SOLUTION
The (vector) force in each cable can be written as the product of the
(scalar) force and the unit vector along the cable. That is, with
AB
0.48 m i
AB
0.48 m
TAB
TAB
TAB
AB
AB
TAB
AB
0.72 m j
0.5455i
0.72 m
TAB
0.88 m
0.8182 j
0.16 m k
2
0.16 m
0.48 m i
0.88 m
0.72 m j
0.16 m k
0.1818k
and
AC
0.24 m i
AC
0.24 m
AC
AC
0.72 m
T AC
0.77 m
0.13 m k
2
TAC
TAC
T AC 0.3177i
0.9351j
0.1688k
At A:
0: TAB
TAC
AC
T AC
0.72 m j
142
0.13 m
0.24 m i
0.77 m
0.72 m j
0.13 m k

Noting that TAB TAC because of the ring A, we equate the factors of
i, j, and k to zero to obtain the linear algebraic equations:
i:
0.5455
or
P
j:
W
k:
With W
0.9351 T
1.7532T
0.1818
or
0.2338T
0.8182
or
0.3177 T
0.1688 T
0.356T
1200 N:
T
1200 N
1.7532
684.5 N
P
160.0 N
Q
143
240 N
PROBLEM 2.126
For the system of Problem 2.125, determine W and P knowing that
Q 160 N.
Problem 2.125: A container of weight W is suspended from ring A.
Cable BAC passes through the ring and is attached to fixed supports at B
and C. Two forces P Pi and Q Qk are applied to the ring to
maintain the container is the position shown. Knowing that W 1200 N,
determine P and Q. (Hint: The tension is the same in b oth portions of
cable BAC.)
SOLUTION
Based on the results of Problem 2.125, particularly the three equations relating P, Q, W, and T we substitute
Q 160 N to obtain
T
160 N
0.3506
456.3 N
144
800 N
107.0 N
PROBLEM 2.127
Collars A and B are connected by a 1-m-long wire and can slide freely on
frictionless rods. If a force P (680 N) j is applied at A, determine
(a) the tension in the wire when y 300 mm, (b) the magnitude of the
force Q required to maintain the equilibrium of the system.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagrams of collars
For both Problems 2.127 and 2.128:

AB
Here
1m
x2
0.40 m
y2
or
y2
z2
z2
y2
z2
0.84 m 2
Thus, with y given, z is determined.

Now
AB
AB
AB
1
0.40i
1m
yj
zk m
0.4i
yk
Where y and z are in units of meters, m.

From the F.B. Diagram of collar A:
F
0: N x i
Nzk
Pj
TAB
AB
Setting the jcoefficient to zero gives:

P
With P
yTAB
680 N,
TAB
680 N
y
Now, from the free body diagram of collar B:

F
145
0: N xi
N yj
Qk
T AB
AB
zk

Setting the k coefficient to zero gives:
Q
TAB z
And using the above result for TAB we have

Q
TAB z
680 N
z
y
Then, from the specifications of the problem, y

z2
0.84 m 2
0.866 m
0.3 m
300 mm
0.3 m
and
(a)
TAB
680 N
0.30
2266.7 N
or
TAB
2.27 kN
1.963 kN
and
(b)
Q
or
146
2266.7 0.866
1963.2 N
PROBLEM 2.116
anchored by bolts at B, C, and D. Knowing that the tower exerts on the
pin at A an upward vertical force of 8 kN, determine the tension in each
wire.
SOLUTION
From the solutions of 2.111 and 2.112:
Using P
TAB
0.5409 P
TAC
0.295P
TAD
0.2959P
8 kN:
128
TAB
4.33 kN
TAC
2.36 kN
TAD
2.37 kN
PROBLEM 2.117
For the rectangular plate of Problems 2.113 and 2.114, determine the
tension in each of the three cables knowing that the weight of the plate is
180 lb.
SOLUTION
From the solutions of 2.113 and 2.114:
Using P
TAB
0.6440P
TAC
0.0709P
TAD
0.6771P
180 lb:
129
TAB
115.9 lb
TAC
12.76 lb
TAD
121.9 lb
PROBLEM 2.118
For the cone of Problem 2.110, determine the range of values of P for
which cord DG is taut if P is directed in the x direction.
SOLUTION
From the solutions to Problems 2.109 and 2.110, have
TBE
TCF
TBE sin 45
TBE cos 45
T DG
0.2 65
TCF sin 30
TCF cos30
(2 )
TDG sin15
TDG cos15
0
P 65
(3)
0
(1 )
Applying the method of elimination to obtain a desired result:

Multiplying (2 ) by sin 45 and adding the result to (3):
TCF sin 45
sin 30
or
TDG sin 45
TCF
sin15
0.9445
0.2 65 sin 45
0.3714TDG
(4)
Multiplying (2 ) by sin 30 and subtracting (3) from the result:

TBE sin 30
or
sin 45
TBE
TDG sin 30
sin15
0.6679
0.6286TDG
130
0.2 65 sin 30
(5)

Substituting (4) and (5) into (1 ) :
1.2903
1.7321TDG
TDG is taut for P
P 65
1.2903
65
0
lb
or 0
131
0.1600 lb
PROBLEM 2.132
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Knowing that
Q 60 lb, determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in cable BC.
SOLUTION
Fy
With
(a)
Q
TCA
(b)
0: TCA
Fx
With
152
60 lb
60 lb 0.866
0: P
P
TCB
Q cos 30
75 lb
TCB
Q sin 30
TCA
52.0 lb
or TCB
45.0 lb
75 lb
60 lb 0.50
PROBLEM 2.133
Two cables tied together at C are loaded as shown. Determine the range
of values of Q for which the tension will not exceed 60 lb in either cable.
SOLUTION
Have
Fx
0: TCA
or
TCA
Then for
Q cos30
0.8660 Q
60 lb
TCA
0.8660Q
or
From
Fy
or
TCB
75 lb
Therefore,
Q sin 30
0.50Q
60 lb
0.50Q
0.50Q
Thus,
75 lb
For
or
60 lb
69.3 lb
0: TCB
TCB
60 lb
15 lb
30 lb
30.0
153
69.3 lb
PROBLEM 2.134
A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces
shown. Knowing that FA 8 kN and FB 16 kN, determine the
magnitudes of the other two forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of
Connection
3
F
5 B
0:
Fx
With
FA
0:
Fy
8 kN, FB
4
16 kN
5
FC
3
F
5 A
FC
FD
16 kN
4
8 kN
5
3
FB
5
3
FA
5
FC
6.40 kN
FD
4.80 kN
With FA and FB as above:

FD
154
3
16 kN
5
3
8 kN
5
PROBLEM 2.135
A welded connection is in equilibrium under the action of the four forces
shown. Knowing that FA 5 kN and FD 6 kN, determine the
magnitudes of the other two forces.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of
Connection
0:
Fy
FB
or
With
3
F
5 A
FD
FA
3
F
5 A
FD
5 kN, FD
5
6 kN
3
FB
3
F
5 B
8 kN
3
5 kN
5
FB
Fx
0:
FC
FC
4
F
5 B
4
FB
5
4
15 kN
5
4
F
5 A
FA
5 kN
FC
155
15.00 kN
8.00 kN
PROBLEM 2.136
Collar A is connected as shown to a 50-lb load and can slide on a
frictionless horizontal rod. Determine the magnitude of the force P
required to maintain the equilibrium of the collar when (a) x
4.5 in.,
15
in.
(b) x
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of Collar
(a)
Triangle Proportions
Fx
0:
4.5
50 lb
20.5
or P
(b)
0
10.98 lb
Fx
0:
15
50 lb
25
or P
156
0
30.0 lb
PROBLEM 2.137
Collar A is connected as shown to a 50-lb load and can slide on a
frictionless horizontal rod. Determine the distance x for which the collar
is in equilibrium when P 48 lb.
SOLUTION
Free-Body Diagram of Collar
Hence:
Fx
or
0:
50 x
48
400
48
400
50
x 2
x 2
x 2
0.92 lb 400
x 2
4737.7 in 2
x2
157
68.6 in.
PROBLEM 2.138
A frame ABC is supported in part by cable DBE which passes through a
frictionless ring at B. Knowing that the tension in the cable is 385 N,
determine the components of the force exerted by the cable on the
support at D.
SOLUTION
The force in cable DB can be written as the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along the
cable. That is, with
DB
480 mm i
DB
DB
480
510 mm j
510
320
DB
DB
385 N
770 mm
480 mm i
240 N i
255 N j
320 mm k
2
770 mm
510 mm j
320 mm k
160 N k
Fx
158
240 N, Fy
255 N, Fz
160.0 N
PROBLEM 2.139
A frame ABC is supported in part by cable DBE which passes through a
frictionless ring at B. Determine the magnitude and direction of the
resultant of the forces exerted by the cable at B knowing that the tension
in the cable is 385 N.
SOLUTION
The force in each cable can be written as the product of the magnitude of the force and the unit vector along
BD
0.48 m i
BD
TBD
0.48 m
TBD
BD
BD
BD
TBD
0.51 m j
TBD
0.77 m
TBD
0.51 m
0.32 m k
0.32 m
0.48 m i
0.6234i
0.6623j
0.77 m
0.51 m j
0.32 m k
0.4156k
and
BE
BE
TBE
0.27 m i
2
0.27 m
TBE
BE
BD
BD
TBE
0.3506 i
Now, because of the frictionless ring at B, TBE

cables is
F
385 N
0.6234i
375 N i
TBD
0.6623 j
455 N j
0.40 m
TBE
0.770 m
TBE
0.40 m j
0.6 m
0.26 m i
0.5195 j
0.770 m
0.40 m j
0.6 m k
0.7792k
385 N and the force on the support due to the two
0.4156k
460 N k
159
0.6 m k
0.3506i
0.5195 j
0.7792k

The magnitude of the resultant is
F
Fx2
Fy2
Fz2
375 N
455 N
460 N
747.83 N
or F
748 N
The direction of this force is:

cos
cos
cos
375
747.83
or
455
747.83
or
460
747.83
or
160
120.1
52.5
128.0
PROBLEM 2.140
A steel tank is to be positioned in an excavation. Using trigonometry,
determine (a) the magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for
which the resultant R of the two forces applied at A is vertical, (b) the
SOLUTION
Force Triangle
(a) For minimum P it must be perpendicular to the vertical resultant R

P
425 lb cos 30
or P
(b)
368 lb
425 lb sin 30
or R
161
213 lb

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PROBLEM 2.

Graphically, by the triangle law

By trigonometry: Law of Sines

Using the Law of Sines

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

(b) Using the Law of Sines:

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

Using the triangle rule and the Law of Sines

() The smallest force P will be perpendicular to R, that is, vertical

We observe that force P is minimum when

is 90 , that is, P is horizontal

Using the force triangle and the Law of Cosines

Using now the Law of Sines

From the geometry of the problem:

And, using the Law of Cosines:

2 500 N 160 N cos110.38

Using the Law of Sines:

We compute the following distances:

We compute the following distances:

Using the x and y axes shown.

From Problem 2.24:

From Problem 2.21:

35 , determine the resultant of the three forces

65 , determine the resultant of the three forces

50 , determine the resultant of the three forces

(a) So, for R to be vertical:

140 lb sin 40.265

160 lb sin 40.265

(a) So, for R to be vertical,

Choose x-axis along bar AB.

35 , determine the resultant of the

Problem 2.36: Knowing that

65 , determine the resultant of the

Selecting the x axis along aa , we write

(b) Substituting for

400 N cos 56.3

From the geometry, we calculate the distances:

Then, from the Free Body Diagram of point C:

25 , determine the tension (a) in cable AC, (b) in

In the free-body diagram of point B, the geometry gives:

Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Free-Body Diagram Point C

In the free-body diagram of point C (with W the sum of weights of chair

Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

In the free-body diagram of point F, the geometry gives:

Thus, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Free-Body Diagram Point E

In the free-body diagram of point E (with W the sum of weights of chair

Hence, in the force triangle, by the Law of Sines:

Resolving the forces into x and y components:

Resolving the forces into x and y components:

Resolving the forces into x and y directions:

In the y-direction (one unknown force)

Resolving the forces into x and y directions: