First Conditional

AUTOR

Eliana Quionez Wolff

Identificar las funciones gramaticales del
primer condicional.

INDICADOR
Reconocer el sentido semntico y
pragmtico del uso del primer condicional
REFLEXION

Ingls

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

First Conditional
The first conditional (also called conditional type 1) is a structure used for talking
about possibilities in the present or in the future. This page will explain how the
first conditional is formed, and when to use it.
The structure of a first conditional sentence:
A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main
clause:
if clause
If you study hard,

main clause
you will pass the test.

If the "if"
if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes
second, there is no need for a comma:
Main clause
if clause
You will pass the test

We use different verb forms in each part of a first conditional:

if clause
if + subject + simple present verb
main clause subject + will + verb

Using the first conditional

The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present
or the future -- things which may happen:
Example
If it's sunny, we'll go to
t the
park.
Paula will be sad if Juan
leaves.
If you cook the supper, I'll
wash the dishes.

Explanation
Maybe it will be sunny -- that's
possible.
Maybe Juan will leave -- that's
possible.
Maybe you will cook the supper
-- that's possible.

Actividad
1. If you .......... my advice, you'll accept it.

a)
b)
c)
d)

will be taking
will take
are taking
take
2. If we .......... a few more days

a)
b)
c)
d)

hang on
are hanging on
will hang on
will be hanging on
3. If you .......... , I'll tell Jagger that we need time to think it over

a)
b)
c)
d)

want
are wanting
will want
would want
4. When he .......... that, he'll be a bit impatient

a)
b)
c)
d)

is hearing
will hear
would hear
hears
5. I'm sure that if I .......... to him sweetly enough he'll hold on and not look elsewhere.

a)
b)
c)
d)

'm talking
will talk
talk
would talk
6. If things are looking a bit dicey, I .......... to you.

a)
b)
c)
d)

get back
'll get back
would get back
am getting back

7. So, if I .......... from you , I'll assume everything is fine.

a)
b)
c)
d)

don't hear
hear
am hearing
won't hear
8. I'll only call you if I .......... there is a problem.

a)
b)
c)
d)

would think
will think
think
am thinking
9. So unless I .......... from you,

a)
b)
c)
d)

hear
am hearing
will hear
would hear
10. I .......... no need to worry.

a)
b)
c)
d)

have
am having
do not have
will have

Using the 2nd & 3rd Conditionals

Gap-fill exercise with the Conditional - put the verbs in brackets in the most
suitable form.
1. If I (see)______you waiting at the bus stop, I (stop) _________for you.
2. I (go)____swimming every week, if I (know)________ how to swim properly.
3. If I (catch)________ that plane to New York [the one that crashed!], I
(be)_______ dead now.
4. If we (live)_______ in China, we (speak)__________Cantonese or Pekingese.
5. I (stop)__________smoking, if I (be)_______you; it's terrible for your health!
6. I (like)__________being with you more if you (not laugh)_________at me all the
time.
7. I (buy)_________my house a long time ago if the prices (be)__________a bit
lower.
8. Do you think they (like)________our teacher if they (be)_______in our class?
9. We (not miss)______the beginning of the film last night if we (find)_______a
parking place straight away.
10. I (call)_______you earlier, if I (find)________my phone card.
11. If you (not get)_________on the bus without a ticket, you (not
get)__________a fine.
12. I (not win)_________any gold medals if I (be)___________in Sidney in 2000.

Present Continuos
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez Estrada

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica el uso y las reglas

gramaticales del tiempo presente
continuous.

REFLEXION

Experience is the best teacher.

Present Continuous
1. We form the present
sent continuous in this way.

Positive
I
YOU
WE
THEY
HE
SHE
IT

am / am not
are/are not

working now

is/ is not

Negative
I
am not
YOU
WE
THEY
HE
SHE
IT

are not

working now

is not

Questions
Where
am
I
Where
are

Is

I
You
We
They
He
She
it

working now?

Ingl
Ingls

2. To make the ing form, we add ing:

Walk- walking go- going
There are some exceptions:

Verbs ending with e: come- coming

But: see- seeing

Verbs ending with ie: lie- lying

Verbs ending with one vowel ( a, e, I, o, u ) and one consonant (b, c, d, f, g, .)
Sit- sitting run- running

3. Look at this picture of Mike:

We use the present continuous for things that are happening now:
Wheres Mike? Hes sitting outside

We also use the present continuous for things that are happening for a period of
time around now, but not at the moment we speak:
Mike is building his own house.

Actividad
A Complete the sentences about the pictures. Use the correct Present Continuous
form of the verb in brackets, and HE, SHE, THEY.

0- __________________
(drink) a cup of coffee.
1- __________________
(carry) their suitcases.
2- __________________
(take) a photograph.
3- __________________
(sit) on a bench.
4- __________________
(run) in a race.
5- __________________
(write) a letter.

B. Complete the dialogues using the present continuous forms of the verbs in brackets
( ), and I, YOU, HE, SHE, etc.

1- A: What _________________________ (do) at the moment?

B: Hes reading a book.
2- A: _____________________________ (listen) to me?
B: Yes. Of course Im listening to you.
3- A: Where ____________________________ (go) ?
B: Im going to the shops.
4- A: What _________________________________ (cook)?
B: Hes cooking an Italian dish.
5- A: Where _________________________________ (stay)?
B: Shes staying with some friends.

C Complete the dialogues using the Present Continuous forms of the words in
brackets ( ).
1- A: Whats Jenny doing?
B: _____________________________ (She/talk) to her mother on the phone.
3- A: ______________________________ (the weather/get) better?
B: No, its very cold outside.
3- A: _______________________________ (you7leave) ?
B: Yes, I have to go home now.
4- A: Wheres Harry?
B: ______________________________ ( He/ make) a cup of coffee in the kitchen.
5- A: Wheres tour car?
B: Its at home. _____________________________ (It/not/work) at the moment.

Present Simple
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica el uso y las reglas

gramaticales
amaticales del tiempo presente simple

REFLEXION

There is no place like home.

Present Simple
We form the present simple in this way:

Positive
I
YOU
WE
THEY
I

start at eight o clock

starts at eight oclock

HE
SHE
IT

Negative
I
YOU
WE
THEY
I

do not start at eight oclock

does not start at eight oclock

HE
SHE
IT

Questions

DO

I
YOU
WE
THEY

start at 8:00 ?

Ingls

DOES

HE
SHE
IT

start at 8:00 ?

With he/ she/ it we add s to most verbs:

Walk-walks get-gets leave-leaves
But there are some exceptions:

We add -es- to verbs which end with sh, ch, ss, o :

Eg: finish- finishes catch-catches do- does go- goes

We change some verbs that end with -y in this way:

Eg: cry- cries worry-worries study- syudies

But we add s to verbs that end with -ay, ey, oy, uy:
Eg: pay-pays play-plays buy-buys

We use the present simple for facts:

Secretaries work in offices.
Ruth does all her work very well.
It doesnt snow in this country.

We use the present simple for repeated actions ( e.g. habits, and events on a time
table):
I usually play tennis at weekends.
Lessons start at 9 oclock every morning.

Actividad
A Put the verbs in brackets ( ) into the correct forms of the present simple. For
negative verbs, use
The short forms ( dont, doesnt). Sometimes you do not need to change the verb
in brackets.
1. Tom_____________ (catch) the bus to school at about 9 oclock.
2. It often_______________(rain) at this time of the year.
3. I _____________________(not/drive) to work. I go by bus.

4. She usually ________________(have) lunch at about 1 oclock.

5. He _______________________ (not/earn) much money in his job.
B Complete the questions in the present simple
1. A: ________________________ in an office?
B: No, Carol works in a factory
2. A: Where _________________ your games?
B: We play our games in the local park
3. A: ____________________ the bus to school?
B: I take the bus to school every morning
4. A: When __________________?
B: The shops close at 5:00 in the afternoon
5. A: _____________________ abroad on holiday this year?
B: Yes, we go abroad every year

A. Complete the dialogues using the present simple. For negative verbs, use short
forms ( dont , doesnt ).
1. A : Does Ana take the bus to work?
B : Yes, she ___________________ the bus to work at seven oclock every morning
2. A: What time do you have dinner in the evening ?
B: We usually _____________ dinner at 8:00 in the evening
3. A: Do you often eat in restaurants?
B: Yes, we often ___________________ in restaurants
4. A: Where does Alison teach?
B: She _____________ at the university
5. A: ___________________ here very often?
B: No, I dont come here very often.

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
HARRISON, Mark. Grammar Spectrum 2. English rules and practise. Pre-intermediate
with

Gerunds And Infinitives

AUTOR

Eliana Quionez Wolff

INDICADOR

Identifica y reconoce algunas normas

acerca del uso gramatical
gra
de algunas
acciones

REFLEXION

A stranger is a friend you havent met

yet.

Ingls

Gerunds and Infinitives

Introduction

Here is a brief review of the differences between gerunds and infinitives.

Gerunds are formed with ING:

_____
walking, talking, thinking, listening

Infinitives are formed with TO:

to walk, to talk, to think, to listen
Gerunds and infinitives can do several jobs:
_____
Both gerunds and infinitives can be the subject of a sentence::
Writing in English is difficult.
To write in English is difficult.
_____
Both gerunds and infinitives can be the object of a verb:
I like writing in English.
I like to write in English.

But...
Only gerunds can be the object of a preposition:
_____
We are talking about writing in English.
It is often difficult to know when to use a gerund and when to use an infinitive. These
guidelines may help you:
_____

Gerunds are often used when actions are real, concrete or completed:
I stopped smoking.
(The smoking was real and happened until I stopped.)
_____

Infinitives are often used when actions are unreal, abstract, or future:
_____
I stopped to smoke.
(I was doing something else, and I stopped; the smoking had not happened yet.)

Actividad

Cloze Exercise: Gerunds and Infinitives

Yuri was in his first year at university, studying History. He was rather a lazy
student, and he tended to avoid (work) _____ whenever he could. In the middle of
the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks. Yuri
intended (do) _____ the assignment, but he postponed (write) _____ it for a
week. The following week, he forgot (do) _____ it. The night before the
assignment was due, he suddenly remembered it, and rushed to the library. He
tried (read) _____ as much as possible on the topic, but there wasn't enough time.
Yuri considered (ask) _____ for more time to do his paper, but the History

professor was known to be very tough on students, so finally he

decided (cheat) _____ and copy his paper from somewhere else. He found an old
article on the same topic, and quickly typed it out. The next day, he submitted the
paper.
The following week, he was alarmed (see) _____ the professor approaching him,
looking angry.
"Is this your own work, or did you copy it?" asked the professor. Yuri
denied (copy)_____ the paper.
"If you expect me (believe) _____ that, you must be very stupid," said the
professor. "Every word is taken from an article I wrote myself five years ago. Did
you really think I would forget (write) _____

Bibliografa
Essential grammar of English.
Headway elemntary. Wookbook.

Reading Comprehesin Multiples Choise 1

AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Demuestra
Demuest habilidades de comprensin de
lectura a travs de ejercicios de seleccin
mltiple

REFLEXION

Men cant live by bread alone.

Ingls

Lectura
Mental stress can have potentially fatal consequences not only can too much
stresss use over the
e age and make us act irrationally, but it can also build up over a
period of time and affect our ablillty to resist illnesses. The key to understanding
the problem of stress is to realize that these days it rarely serves its original
purpose - to prepare us for fight or flee from an attacker. In days gone by, stress
levels rose in ofer to preserves our safety, before readjusting and returning to
normal after the danger had passed. Nowadays, however, the danger is more likely
to come from pressures at work or at school. We can't solve problems like this
easily and so the body may not return to its previous sstage for some time and may
even remain at a permanently raised level of anxiety.
There are many ways of dealing with stress. One useful tip is to make a list of those
things you have to do that are urgent. The sense of satisfaction we get when you
tick off each item on your list helps you to return to your pre-stressed
pre stressed state. I a
similar way, good quality sleep enables you to start each day with a fresh approach
a
as that exercise because it clears your mind and enables you to approach a
problem in a different way. In fact, just about anything that allows you to sleep
back from your problems it is likely to help. So, next itme you feel the tension
raising at work get up from your desk and open your eyes to something different.
Ten minutes outside iin the fresh air might be all you need.

Actividad

According to the author, what is the worst possible result of stress?

A. Death
B. Illogical behaviour
C. Illness
D. Nervousness

According to the passage, we become ill more easily

A. act irrationally
B. are pushed too hard
C.. are under stress for a long time
D. are unable to resist

 The passage states that stress..

A. teaches us to fight
B. is not often used today
C. has a different purpose today
D. helps us to attack people

In the past stress levels

A. were high all the time
B. were much lower
C. were much safer
D. went up and down more often

The main difference between danger today and in the past seems to be that
A. it is harder to deal with
B. it is easier to deal with
C. work and school are more dangerous
D. people at work and school like danger

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
EVANS, Virginia- TAYLOR, John. Practive tests for the Michigan ECCE 1. Express
Publishing

Wh-question
question Words
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica wh-words

wh
para hacer
preguntas.

REFLEXION

Times change and we with time.

Ingls

Wh-question
question words
We use :
Where :
When :
Why :
How :

Who :

What :

Which :

to ask about places.

Eg:Where is Mike? He is at home.
to ask about times and days.
Eg: When will you phone? At six oclock.
to ask about the reasons for something.
Eg: Why is Mary taking a taxi? Because her car is not working
to ask in what way
Eg: How did he get to Brighton?
He went by train.
to ask about people
Eg: Who are you going to visit?
visit
I am going to visit my sister
to ask about things when there are many possible answers
Eg: what is her name?
Jame, Mary, Susan, Sarah etc..
to ask for things when there is a small number of possible answers

Which car
ar will you buy, the Fiat or the Ford? The Fiat

Actividad
Put where, when, why or how in the gaps.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________

are you going ?

are leaving?
does she take
tak a taxi to work?
did they get to France?
do you have breakfast?

To the shops
At six oclock
Because she does not have a car
By boat
At half past seven

Put who, what, or which in the gaps.

1. _____________ did you eat last night?

2. _____________ are you writing to?
3. _____________restaurant do you prefer,
the Pizza Palace or the Spaghetti King ?
4. ____________ s the answer to question thirteen?
5. ____________ did you invite to tha party?

Fish, peas and potatoes

George and Mary
The Pizza Palace
I do not know
Tony and Steve

Use the full answers to write questions with where, when, how , what, who and which.

1. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I lost my bag) On Saturday morning.
2. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I met Johanna) at a disco in the center of town

3. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I am looking for a new job) Because I want more money
4. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I went to the disco) By bus
5. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I met ) My uncle and my aunt . ( At the airport )

6. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( She bought ) Bread and milk.
7. Question: _______________________________________________________ ?
Answer : ( I prefer ) The Spanish song.
Elaborate a small poster simulating a conversation in one of these places:
School
House
Street
You must use Wh-questions. You must hand it in to your teacher next class.

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
PATERSON, Ken. Grammar Spectrum 1. English rules and practise. Elementary

A Peking Paradise
AUTOR

INDICADOR

REFLEXION

Yanet Calvo
Demuestra habilidades de comprensin de
lectura a travs de diferentes ejercicios
ej
de
comprensin
Experience is the best teacher.

Ingls

A Peking Paradise
AUTOR

INDICADOR

Yanet Calvo
Demuestra habilidades de comprensin de
lectura a travs de diferentes ejercicios de
compren
comprensin

Ingls
REFLEXION

Experience is the best teacher.

IMPRIMIR

A Peking Paradise
The Summer Palace is located just outside Beiging in China. It is one of the biggest
and most famous existing royal gardens in the world. It covers an area of more than
t
eight hundred acres including a huge lake called K'unning Lake.
The Palace was used by the Emperors and empresses of China.
It was begun in the thirteenth century, but it wasn't until the
seventeeth century that man-made
man made hills, halls, pabillions,
pagodas, towers and bridges were added. Unfortunately the
pagodas,
Palace was destroyed in 1860 by a fire, but it was rebuilt in
1865.

The Summer Palace is so well-preserved

well preserved that visitors can still enjoy its beautiful
features today. One of the most famous sites is the Marble Boat which is two-storeys
two
high and 25 m long with four dragon heads that spout water. There is also the
magnificient white marble Seventeen-Arch
Seventeen Arch Bridge which has over 500 lions carved on
it, and Suzhou Market Street, and a copy of a traditilnal street where the Royal Family
used to do their shopping.
The Palace itself is a museum with a rich collection of precious antiques and priceless
treasures from various Chinese dynasties. It also contains the sites you must not miss;
the world's longest handpainted
ndpainted covered walkway, know as the long corridor. Its walls
are covered in unique hand painted images and colourful designs.

A visit to the Summer Palace and its gardens will take up the better part of a day, but
it is well worth it. You should not miss it if you travel to Beiging.

Actividad

En Casa
Read the
article and circle the correct answer A, B, C or D.
1. The Summer Palace was used by .. of China
A princes
C rulers

B visitors
D presidents

2. The palace was in 1860.

A preserved
C colourful designs

B burnt down
D added

3 The Seventeen-Arch Bridge is made of.

A four dragon heads
C colourful designs

B hills
D white marble

4 There are. treasures in the palace.

A expensive
C valuable

B rich
D handpainted

Write about an interesting place in your city.

Readig: Fod, Fun

AUTOR

Janeth Calvo
Demuestra habilidades de comprensin de
lectura a travs de diferentes ejercicios de
comprensin

INDICADOR

REFLEXION

Tomorrow never comes

Ingls

Readig: fod, fun

Food, fun and celebration around the world
Every year, between 21 January and 21 February, millions of people aroudn the world
celebrates Chinese New Year. During this festival we welcome the new year and
celebrate health wealth and happiness. There are lots of colourful streets parade people
wear dragon costumes and dance through the street. It is fantastic! After the parade, I
always go to my uncles house for a traditional Chinese New Years
Years meal. We have some
delicious fish dishes and Chinese vegetables. We also have sesame seed balls called
Gum Tzin. People say these bring luch for the year ahead. Ive had a very good year so I
think that last years celebration really were luck for me!.
me!
Zhong Yajuan ( 16)
One of my favourite celebrations is fourth of July. This is Americans Independence Day,
when we celebrate being independent from Britain. Last years fourth of July was
fantastic. The weather was great and helped Dad with the barbecue.
barbecue. We cooked lots of
burgers and chicken wings. My sister Louise made a special potato salad. It was
delicious! In the evening we went to a firework display at our local park. The colors were
amazing. I really enjoyed myself. I think that traditinal celebrations
celebrations like this one are
great. I cant wait for the next fourth of July.
Ann Johnson ( 14)

Actividad
Look at the statements below, then read the article and mark each statement as True
( v) or False ( X ) or does not say ( ? ). If the statements false you must correct it.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Chinese New Year is an annual celebration

People have parties at home to celebrate the Chinese New Year
Sesame seed balls bring bad luck
American Independence Day is a national celebration
On the fourth of July people have fireworks at home
People always have a barbecue on Independence Day.

Complete the following table according to the reading.

Name of Festival

Chinese New Year

American Independence Day

Date
Reason for Celebration
Activities
Food

Write a paragraph about how people celebrate traditional parties in your country.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
EVANS, Virginia- O Sullivan, Neil. Click on 2. Express Publishing. 2001.

Present Perfect
AUTOR

Yanet Calvo

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica el tiempo presente

p
perfecto en diferentes contextos

REFLEXION

Times change and we with time.

Ingls

Present Perfect
The Present Perfect simple is have / has + past participle. The past participle often ends
in ed (finished, decided ), but many important
important verbs are irregular ( lost, done, been,
written etc).
When we use the present perfect there is always a connection with now . The action is
in the past has a result now.

Eg:

Where is your key?

I don't know. I have lost it.
He told me his name but I have forgotten it.
Is Sally here?
No, she has gone out.

We often use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent
happening:

Eg:

Ow! I have cut my finger

The road is closed. There has been an accident.

You can use the present perfect with just, already and yet.

Just :

A short time ago.

Eg: Would you like something to eat? No, thanks I have just had luch.

Already:

to say that something happened sooner than expected

Eg: do not forget to post the letter, will you? I have already
al
posted it.

Yet :

to show that the speaker is expecting something to happen. We use

yet only in questions and negative sentences.
Eg: Has it stopped raining yet?
I have written the letter, but I haven't posted it yet.

Note the difference between

betwee Gone to and been to.
Eg: Jean is aways on holiday. He has gone to Spain.
Eg: Jane is back home from holiday now. She has bseen to Italy.

Actividad

Read the situation and write sentences. Choose one of the following.
Arrive

Break

Go

up

Grow

Improve

1. Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster. She

___________________________
2. Maria's English was not very good. Now it is much better.
____________________
3. Tim did not have a beard last month. Now he hasa
beard_____________________
4. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it.
________________________
5. Last week the bus fare was eighty pence. Now it is ninety.
___________________

Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.
1. After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says: " would you like
something to eat?".
You say: No. thank you. _________________________ (have lunch)

2. Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says: " Can I
speak to Joe, please?".
You say: " I am afraid___________________________ (go out).

3. You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished an start to
take your Plate away.
You say: Wait a minute! ________________________(not / finished )

4. You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve a table. Later
your friend says "Shall I phone to reserve a table?".
You say: No, ______________________________ it. (do )

5. You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps she has been
successful. Ask her.
You say: _______________________________ ? (find ).

 Put in been or gone.

1. Jim is on holiday. He has ________________ to Italy.
2. Hello ! I have just _________________ to the shops. I have bought lots of
things.
3. Alice isn't here at the moment. She has _____________ to the shops to get a
newspaper.
4. Tom has _______________ out. He will back in about an hour.
5. Are you going to the bank? No, I have already _____________ to the bank.

En Casa

Interview
your favourite singer, actor or actress and ask him/her about any special experience
he/she has had in his / her life. Write it down in your notebook.

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
MURPHY, Raymond. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press. Second
Edition. 1994.

Second Conditional
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica el uso y las reglas

gramaticales del second conditiona

REFLEXION

Honesty is the best policy

Ingls

SECOND CONDITIONAL
FORM
If + past Simple, Would + infinitive without to

Would is a modal auxiliary verb. The forms of "Would " are the same for all persons.

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

if

I had more money, Ishe

knew the answer,shewe
livwd in Russia, weI didn't
have so many debts, I

'd (would)
Wouldn't

Buy a CD playerTell
us.Soon learn
Russian.Have to work
so hard.

QUESTIONS
What Which
countries

would

You doYou
go to

if

you had a year off?you travelled around the

world?

SHORT ANWERS
Would you travel around the world?If Yes, I would. / No, I wouldn't.Yes, they would. /
they had the money, would they buy No, they wouldn't.
a new car?
NOTE:

1. The condition clause cvan come at the beginning or the end of the sentence.
If it comes at the bgegining, we pus a ccmma (,) at the end os the clause. If
It comes at the end, we do not use a comma (,).
Eg. If I had more time, I'd help.
he
I`d help if I had mere time.
2. Were is often used instead of was in the condition clause.
Eg. If I were you, I'd go to bed.
If he were cleverer, he'd know he was making a mistake.
USE: The second conditional is used to express an unreal or improbable action and its

probable result in the present or future

Actividad
1.

Put the verb into the correect form.

If you took more exercise, you ______________better. (feel)

If I was offered the job, I think I ______________ it. (take)
A lot of people would be out of work if the factory__________( close down )
What would happen if I _____________ that red button? (press)
Liza gave me this ring. She ___________very upset if I lost it. (be)
2. You ask friend questions. Use What would you do if?

( Maybe one day your friend will win a lot of money.)

( Your friend's car has never been stolen but perhaps one day it will be.)
__________________________________________________________________
( Perhaps one day your friend will lose his/her passport.)
__________________________________________________________________
(There has never been a fire in the building.)
__________________________________________________________________
3. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.

If You studies a lot, __________________________________

I'd feel very angry if __________________________________
If I didn'to go to work tomorrow, ________________________
Would you go to the party if ___________________________
If you bought some new clothes, _______________________
Would you mind if ___________________________________
1. Rewrite these sentences using the second conditional.

I'm not rich. I don't live in a big house

_____________________________________________________________

He works in the evening. He has no time to play with his children.

_____________________________________________________________
She buys a lot of clothes. She has no money.
_____________________________________________________________
I haven't got a car. I can't give you a lift.
_____________________________________________________________
I go to bed late. In the morning I'm tired,
_____________________________________________________________
She hasn't got a watch. She is always late.
_____________________________________________________________

2. Write a short paragraph ( 100 words ) about your dreams.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Recursos
Dictionaries and notebooks.
Bibliografa
SOARS Joan and Liz. New Headway Pre- Intermediate. Oxford University Press.
MURPHY Raymond. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press. Second
Edition.

Be Going To
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Reconoce y aplica el uso y las reglas

gramaticales del tiempo futuro utilizando la
estructura "be going to

REFLEXION

Little knowledege is a dangerous thing

Ingls

GOING TO
1. We form the sentences with be going to like this:

POSITIVE - NEGATIVE
SUBJECT
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
THEY

TO BE (NOT)
AM
ARE
IS
IS
IS
ARE
ARE

GOING TO

GOING TO

INFINITIVE

LEAVE

2. We form questions with be going to like this:

QUESTIONS
TO BE
AM
ARE
IS
IS
IS
ARE
ARE

SUBJECT
I
YOU
HE
SHE
IT
WE
THEY

GOING TO

GOING TO

INFINITIVE

LEAVE ?

USE:
We use
us be going to for the future. We use it:
- to talk about things we have decided to do in the future:
A: What are you going to do tomorrow?
B: I am going to visit Paul in Brighton.
- to pretict the future, using information we know now:
I have eaten too
t
much. I am going to be ill.

Actividad
A. Paul has decided what he is going to do in his life. Complete the sentences, using
Be going to and the verbs in brackets ( ).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

I
We
My wife
They
You

____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________

(travel) all over the world.

(have) eleven boys.
(not- cook) or clean.
(win) the World Cup.
(not- work) in an office.

B. Write positive, negative sentences or questions with be going to.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

(she- buy- a new car tomorrow)

(Paul- not- drive- to Scotland)
(they- win- the match ?)
(They- work- hard this year)
(We- not- finish- it today)
(you- take- the exam in June?)

_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________

A. Keiko is Japanese. She is going to spend a week by the sea in England. Ask her
some questions. Use be going to, the verbs in brackets ( ), and the words in the box.

An umbrella
chips
In the sea

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

(play)
(take)
(swim)
(eat)
(stay)
(go)

in a luxury hoyel

to a disco

fish and

golf everyday

______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________

B. Write a short composition about what you are (arent) going to do next weekend.

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Reported Speech
AUTOR

Oscar Hernndez

INDICADOR

Utiliza tiempos verbales correctamente al

reportar situacione

REFLEXION

If you want a thing done well, do it

yourself

In
Ingls

REPORTED SPEECH
1. When we report something
something that somebody said, we usually change the tense of the
verb like this:

ACTUAL WORDS

REPORTED SPEECH

Present Simple

Past Simple

I live in a small flat, she said

She said she lived in a small flat

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

Im leaving on Tuesday,

I said I said that I was leaving on

Tuesday

Past Simple
Present Perfect

Past Perfect

I learnet a lot, he said

Mr Jackson has left, she said

He said he had learnet a lot.

She said that Mr Jackson had left

Will

Would

Ill help you, she said

She said she would help me

Am/ is/ are going to

was/ were going to

We are going to be late, I said

I said that we were going to be late

Can

could

I cant find my money, he said

He said he couldnt find his money

2. Note that it is not necessary

necess
to use that in reported speech:
She said (that) she knew the answer.

3. Compare say and tell in these sentences:

She said (that) she lived in a small flat.
She told me (that) she lived in a small flat.

Actividad
1. Look at these pictures of people coming through passport control at an airport.
Change the things they said into reported speech.

0.He said __________________________________

She
1.
__________________________________
said
2.He said __________________________________
They
3.
__________________________________
said
She
4.
__________________________________
Said
They
5.
__________________________________
said
2. Read this conversation and then report what Claudia and Nicole said.
Nicole: How long have you been in France?
Claudia: Six months
Nicole: Are you enjoying your stay?
Claudia: Yes, Im enjoying it a lot.
Nicole: Have you been here before?
Claudia: Yes, Ive been to France many times.
Nicole: What are you doing here?
Claudia: Im on holiday
Nicole: Are you stayingin a hotel?
Claudia: No, Im staying with somefriends.
Nicole: Where do they live?
Claudia: They have a flat in the city centre.
Nicole: How long are you staying?
Claudia: Im leaving in March
Nicole: Can you speak French very well?
Claudia: No, I cantt. Im going to have some
lessons.
Nicole: Ill teach you.

0. Claudia said ___________________________in France for six weeks.

1. Claudia said ___________________________her stay a lot.
2. Claudia said ___________________________to France many times.
3. Claudia said ___________________________on holiday.
4. She said

___________________________with some friends.

5. She said

___________________________a flat in the city centre.

6. She said

___________________________in March.

7. She said

___________________________French very well.

8. She said

___________________________some lessons.

9. Nicole said

___________________________Claudia

En Casa

1. Complete the sentences with said or told.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Alex
They
She
She
Who

____________
____________
____________
____________
____________

me that he would buy the tickets.

that the train was going to be late.
him that she was very angry with him.
him that she couldn`t help him.
you that I was leaving? Its not true!
us that they were leaving in the
6. They ____________
morning.
7. He
____________ that he didnt know what was wrong.
8. She
____________ she had four sisters.
9. She
____________ me that Tom worked in a factory.
10.He
____________ me that he was a doctor, but he
Anna that he was a dentist.

_________

2. Talk to one member of your family about what he/she did last week, then report
the
Information in ten sentences.
1. _______________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________
10._______________________________________________________