InChI

[show]

Properties

Molecular formula

TiO
2

Molar mass

79.866 g/mol

Appearance

White solid

Odor

odorless

Density

4.23 g/cm3 (Rutile)

3.78 g/cm3 (Anatase
)

Melting point

1843 C

Boiling point

2972 C

Solubility in water

insoluble

Refractive index(nD)

2.488 (anatase)
2.583 (brookite)
2.609 (rutile)
Thermochemistry

Std molar

50 Jmol1K1[1]

entropy So298
Std enthalpy of

945 kJmol1[1]

formation fHo298
Hazards
MSDS

ICSC 0338

EU classification

Not listed

NFPA 704

0
1
0
Flash point

Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other cations

Zirconium dioxide
Hafnium dioxide

Related titaniumoxides

Titanium(II) oxide
Titanium(III) oxide
Titanium(III,IV) oxide

Related compounds

Titanic acid

Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in

their standard state (at 25 C (77 F), 100 kPa)
(verify) (what is:

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Infobox references

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally

occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO
2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891.

Generally it is sourced from ilmenite,rutile and anatase. It has a wide range of applications, from
paint to sunscreen to food colouring. When used as a food colouring, it has E number E171.
Contents
[hide]

1 Occurrence

2 Production
2.1 Nanotubes

3 Applications
3.1 Pigment

3.1.1 Sunscreen and UV blocking pigments in the industry

3.2 Photocatalyst

3.3 Electronic data storage medium

3.4 Other applications

4 Health and safety

5 See also

6 References

7 External links

Occurrence[edit]
Titanium dioxide occurs in nature as well-known minerals rutile, anatase and brookite, and
additionally as two high pressure forms, amonoclinic baddeleyite-like form and
an orthorhombic -PbO2-like form, both found recently at the Ries crater in Bavaria.[2][3] It is mainly
sourced from ilmenite ore. This is the most widespread form of titanium dioxide-bearing ore
around the world. Rutile is the next most abundant and contains around 98% titanium dioxide in
the ore. The metastable anatase and brookite phases convert irreversibly to the equilibrium rutile
phase upon heating above temperatures in the range 600-800 C.[4]
Titanium dioxide has eight modifications in addition to rutile, anatase, and brookite, three
metastable phases can be produced synthetically (monoclinic, tetragonal and orthorombic), and
five high-pressure forms (-PbO2-like, baddeleyite-like, cotunnite-like, orthorhombic OI, and cubic
phases) also exist:

Form

Crystal

Synthesis

system

rutile

tetragonal

anatase

tetragonal

brookite

orthorhombic

TiO2(B)[5]

monoclinic

TiO2(H), hollandite-like form[6]

tetragonal

Hydrolysis of K2Ti4O9 followed by heating

Oxidation of the related potassium titanate

bronze, K0.25TiO2

TiO2(R), ramsdellite-like form[7]

orthorhombic

TiO2(II)-(-PbO2-like form)[8]

orthorhombic

baddeleyite-like form, (7
coordinated Ti)[9]

Oxidation of the related lithium titanate

bronze Li0.5TiO2

monoclinic

TiO2 -OI[10]

orthorhombic

cubic form[11]

cubic

P > 40 GPa, T > 1600 C

TiO2 -OII, cotunnite(PbCl2)-like[12]

orthorhombic

P > 40 GPa, T > 700 C