8.

8 What is the key distinction between sublevel energies in one- electron species, such
as the H atom, and those in many-electron species, such as the C atom? What factors
lead to this distinction? Would you expect the pattern of sublevel energies in Be 3+ to be
more like that in H or that in C? Explain.
8.22 Write a full set of quantum numbers for the following:
a.

The outermost electron in an Li atom

b.

The electron gained when a Br atom becomes a Br ion

c.

The electron lost when a Cs atom ionizes

d.

The highest energy electron in the ground-state B atom

a. Sc
8.31 Draw the partial (valence-level) orbital diagram, and write the symbol, group number, and period number
of the element:
a. [He] 2s22p4
b. [Ne] 3s23p3
8.45 If the exact outer limit of an isolated atom cannot be measured, what criterion can
we use to determine atomic radii? What is the difference between a covalent radius and
a metallic radius?
8.67 How are measurements of paramagnetism used to support electron configurations
derived spectroscopically? Use Cu(I) and Cu(II) chlorides as examples.
8.100 Rubidium and bromine atoms are depicted below.
a. What monatomic ions do they form?
b. What electronic feature characterizes this pair of ions, and which noble gas are they related to?
c. Which pair best represents the relative ionic sizes?