INSTITUTE OF AERODYNAMICS

RWTH Aachen University

Direktor: Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. W. Schrder

Exam
Computational Fluid Dynamics
II
March 16th 2010
Name:

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Matr.-No.:

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Signature:

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4
5
6
P

Exam
Computational Fluid Dynamics II
March 16th 2010
Institute of Aerodynamics, RWTH Aachen University

Problem 4:
The Burgers equation
ut + uux = uxx

>0

should be solved on an equidistant mesh (xi = ix, tn = nt).

a) Formulate a MacCormack scheme for its solution.
b) Determine the maximum time step with the CFL condition for 1.
c) Formulate an implicit solution scheme based on a Dual time stepping scheme where
the truncation error in time is = O(t3 ).

Problem 5:
The following system of equations is given:
st + asx + crx = 0
rt + brx + dsx = 0
a) Determine the slopes of the characteristic lines and determine conditions such that
the system becomes of hyperbolic type and that the slopes of the characteristic lines
have a different sign.
b) Transform the set of equations into its characteristic form for a = b = 1 and
c = d = 2.
c) Analyse for a = b = 1 and c = d = 2, which of the following expressions for F + and
F are a correct flux-vector splitting formulation:
1.
F

5
=
2

r+s
r+s

3
=
2

r + s
rs

3
=
2

r+s
rs

1
=
2

r + s
rs

3
=
2

r+s
r+s

1
=
2

r + s
rs

2.

3.

Problem 6:
The Euler equations, given in three different forms

1.

Z
U
~ ~ndA = 0
d + H
t
A

2. Ut + Fx + Gy = 0

3. t + ux + vy + ux + vy = 0
1
ut + uux + vuy + px = 0

1
vt + uvx + vvy + py = 0

should be solved to predict the propagation of acoustic waves.

a) Explain, in which form the three sets of equations are given and which of these can be
discretized and solved numerically for an accurate solution of the wave propagation.
b) An upwind scheme of second-order accuracy and a stable central difference scheme
of 4th order accuracy in space are available for the solution.
1. Explain the effect of the truncation error connected with these two discretization methods.

1.5

1.5

0.5

0.5
u,v,p

u,v,p

2. In the below diagrams the exact solution is plotted as a function of x. Sketch

in these diagrams carefully a typical numerical solution obtained with the two
different discretization methods.

0
-0.5

0
-0.5

-1

-1

-1.5

-1.5

-2

-2
0

6
x

10

12

6
x

10

12

c) If the propagation of acoustic waves is considered, is the application of a solution

adaptive method meaningful? Give arguments for your answer.