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Shri D. N. Institute of Business Administration: Recruitment: Concept of Recruitment
Shri D. N. Institute of Business Administration: Recruitment: Concept of Recruitment
Recruitment:
Concept of Recruitment:
Recruitment means search of the prospective employee to suit the job requirements as
represented by job specificationa technique of job analysis.
Edwin Flippo defined Recruitment as the process of searching for prospective employees and
stimulating them to apply for jobs in the Organization.
Dale S. Beach has defined Recruitment as the development and maintenance of adequate
manpower resources. It involves the creation of a pool of available labor upon whom the
organization can depend when it needs additional employees.
Recruitment involves estimating the available vacancies and making suitable arrangements for
their selection and appointment. In order to attract people for the jobs, the Organization must
communicate the position in such a way that job seekers respond. To be cost effective, the
recruitment process should attract qualified applicants and provide enough information for
unqualified persons to self-select themselves out.
Thus, the recruitment process begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their
applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applicants from which new employees are
selected.
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A. Internal sources
Persons who are already working in an Organization constitute the internal sources. Retrenched
employees, retired employees, dependents of deceased employees generally constitute the
internal sources. Whenever any vacancy arises, someone from within the Organization is
upgraded, transferred, promoted or even demoted.
The internal sources of recruitment are:1.
Promotions: Promotion means to give a higher position, status, salary and responsibility
to the employee. So, the vacancy can be filled by promoting a suitable candidate from the
same organization.
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Transfers: Transfer means a change in the place of employment without any change in
the position, status, salary and responsibility of the employee. So, the vacancy can be filled
by transferring a suitable candidate from the same organization.
3.
4.
Job Posting: Job posting is another way of hiring people from within. In this method, the
organization publicizes job opening on bulletin boards, electronic method and similar
outlets. One of the important advantages of this method is that it offers a chance to highly
qualified persons working within the Company to look for growth opportunities without
looking for greener pastures outside.
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2. External sources.
External sources refer to the practice of getting suitable persons from outside. The various
external sources are advertisement, employment exchange, past employees, private placement
agencies and consultants, walks-ins, campus recruitment, trade unions, etc.
The following external sources of recruitment are commonly used by the big enterprises:
The external sources of recruitment are:1.
2.
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4.
5.
Deputation Personnel: The organization may also recruit candidates who are sent on
deputation by the Government or Financial institutions or by holding or subsidiary
companies.
6.
7.
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Selection:
Meaning & Definition
To select means to choose. Selection is a part of the recruitment function. It is the process of
choosing people by obtaining and assessing information about the applicants (age, qualification,
experience and qualities) with a view of matching these with the job requirements and picking up
the most suitable candidates. The choices are made by elimination of the unsuitable at successive
stages of the selection process.
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Selection Procedure:
The Employee selection Process takes place in following order-
1.
Preliminary Interviews- It is used to eliminate those candidates who do not meet the
minimum eligibility criteria laid down by the organization. The skills, academic and family
background, competencies and interests of the candidate are examined during preliminary
interview. Preliminary interviews are less formalized and planned than the final interviews.
The candidates are given a brief up about the company and the job profile; and it is also
examined how much the candidate knows about the company. Preliminary interviews are
also called screening interviews.
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Application form- The candidates who clear the preliminary interview are required to
fill application blank. It contains data record of the candidates such as details about age,
qualifications, reason for leaving previous job, experience, etc.
3.
Written Tests- Various written tests conducted during selection procedure are aptitude
test, intelligence test, reasoning test, personality test, etc. These tests are used to objectively
assess the potential candidate. They should not be biased.
4.
Employment Interviews- It is a one to one interaction between the interviewer and the
potential candidate. It is used to find whether the candidate is best suited for the required job
or not. But such interviews consume time and money both. Moreover the competencies of the
candidate cannot be judged. Such interviews may be biased at times. Such interviews should
be conducted properly. No distractions should be there in room. There should be an honest
communication between candidate and interviewer.
5.
Reference Check- After the interview, the Personnel department checks the references
of the successful candidates. These references are contacted personally or by telephone or by
letter, and they are asked their opinion about the candidate. The main purpose of a reference
check is to collect information about the past performance of the candidate in order to judge
his future performance. The accuracy of the information given by the candidate can also be
checked.
6.
Medical examination- Medical tests are conducted to ensure physical fitness of the
potential employee. It will decrease chances of employee absenteeism.
7.
Final Selection, Placement and Induction- The candidates who are successful in the
medical examination are issued appointment letters, and they are asked to join the
organisation on a particular date. On the joining date, the candidate is properly placed and
inducted.
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Employee Training:
Training of employees takes place after orientation takes place.
Training is the process of enhancing the skills, capabilities and knowledge of employees for
doing a particular job.
Training process moulds the thinking of employees and leads to quality performance of
employees. It is continuous and never ending in nature.
Training makes a very important contribution to the development of the organizations human
resources and hence to the achievement of its aims and objectives. To achieve its purpose,
training needs to be effectively managed so that the right training is given to the right people, in
the right form, at the right time and at the right costs.
The benefits of training can be summed up as:
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Improves morale of employees- Training helps the employee to get job security and job
satisfaction. The more satisfied the employee is and the greater is his morale, the more he
will contribute to organizational success and the lesser will be employee absenteeism and
turnover.
2.
Less supervision- A well trained employee will be well acquainted with the job and will
need less of supervision. Thus, there will be less wastage of time and efforts.
3.
Fewer accidents- Errors are likely to occur if the employees lack knowledge and skills
required for doing a particular job. The more trained an employee is, the less are the chances
of committing accidents in job and the more proficient the employee becomes.
4.
Chances of promotion- Employees acquire skills and efficiency during training. They
become more eligible for promotion. They become an asset for the organization.
5.
Techniques of Training:
A. On-the-job Training:
In this method, the trainee is placed on a regular job and taught the skills necessary to perform it. The
trainee learns under the guidance and supervision of the instructor. The trainee learns by observing
and handling the job. Therefore, it is called learning by doing. The following techniques are used for
on the job training of the employees.
1. Coaching: This technique is used to train generally the manager level employees. It is also
applied to the other categories of employees. It is a person to person interaction. The superior or
expert in a particular area observe the performance of an employee closely and initiates
corrective action. This technique focuses identifying weaknesses and finding the areas of
improvement.
2. Mentoring: The junior employees are attached to seniors for training. . The seniors will provide
guidance and understanding of various issues related to the organization, job performance
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